EP0363649B1 - Dispositif de filature à friction - Google Patents

Dispositif de filature à friction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363649B1
EP0363649B1 EP89116568A EP89116568A EP0363649B1 EP 0363649 B1 EP0363649 B1 EP 0363649B1 EP 89116568 A EP89116568 A EP 89116568A EP 89116568 A EP89116568 A EP 89116568A EP 0363649 B1 EP0363649 B1 EP 0363649B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
feed duct
range
plane
fibre feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116568A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0363649A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Stalder
Josef Baumgartner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Publication of EP0363649A1 publication Critical patent/EP0363649A1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/04—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques imparting twist by contact of fibres with a running surface
    • D01H4/16—Friction spinning, i.e. the running surface being provided by a pair of closely spaced friction drums, e.g. at least one suction drum

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a friction spinning device.
  • Friction spinning devices are known in multiple copies from the patent literature. For example, there are arrangements with two cylindrical rollers, with rollers with concave surfaces, with rollers that are arranged one inside the other and rollers or tapered rollers that work with perforated belts or perforated disks. In most cases there are two bodies working together, at least one body being provided with a perforated suction surface.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an uncomplicated friction spinning device which, with low energy consumption, is able to produce a high-quality yarn over a wide range of yarn sizes at high yarn take-off speeds, yarn breaks and yarn defects occurring relatively rarely during manufacture.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hint of a known opening roller 1, which is mounted and driven in a manner known per se in a housing 2 (also only partially shown).
  • the purpose of the opening roller is to dissolve a sliver inserted into the housing 2 into individual fibers 3, and for this purpose it is provided with needles 4.
  • a fiber feed channel 5 adjoins the housing 2 and opens out close to the cylindrical surface of a perforated roller 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the friction spinning device also has an unperforated roller 19.
  • the perforated roller 6 has on the inside a suction nozzle or a suction channel (FIG. 2) which, with its longitudinal edges 8 and 9, adjoins a suction zone R on the circumference of the perforated roller 6.
  • the walls 8 and 9 extend so close to the cylindrical inner wall of the perforated roller 6 that, without touching the inner wall 10, an inflow of false air between the walls 8 and 9 and the inner wall 10 is practically prevented.
  • This air which is sucked in by the suction channel 7 and also flows through the fiber feed channel 5, causes the fibers 3 detached from the needles 4 and exposed in the fiber feed channel 5 within said suction zone R at a surface area Q of the rotating friction spinning drum 6 delimited by the mouth 11 of the fiber feed channel 5 held and ultimately screwed to a yarn formation point 13 to a yarn 12. It is essential that the mouth 11 of the fiber feed channel lies in the suction area of the suction nozzle or the screen formed by the edges 8, 9.
  • the yarn formation point 13 is located in the region of an imaginary continuation of the wall 9 of the suction channel 7 through the cylindrical wall of the perforated roller 6, i.e. in the boundary area given by the wall 9 within the suction zone R.
  • the yarn formation point appears as a rotating hollow tube consisting of fibers, with a relatively loose composition, in the interior of which the actual yarn end is formed.
  • the perforated roller 6 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow U and thereby transports the fibers released in the surface region Q to the perforated surface to the yarn formation point 13.
  • the finished yarn is drawn off in a draw-off direction a by a draw-off roller pair 14.
  • the length (not shown) of the suction zone R in the direction of the yarn formation point 13 corresponds at least to the length L of the mouth 11.
  • the length L and the clear width D3 result in a mouth with a slit-like shape.
  • FIG. 1 further shows the fiber feed channel 5 with an inclination marked with an acute angle ⁇ , which finally represents the angle which lies between the central longitudinal axis 20 of the fiber feed channel and the yarn withdrawal direction a.
  • this angle ⁇ is shown in the end wall 16 of the fiber feed channel, since in this example this end wall runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fiber feed channel.
  • the mouth 11 is provided essentially parallel and at a predetermined distance A from the yarn formation point 13.
  • the air flow in the channel also has an at least similar tendency to the mouth cross section.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the fiber feed channel in the mouth region has a strongly tapered part with the height M, which is tapered from the channel width D2 to the channel width D3.
  • this tapering takes place primarily by inclining the longitudinal side wall 21 of the fiber feed channel 5 that is on the right in FIG. 2.
  • the left one Side wall 23, on the other hand, runs at least substantially parallel to the plane of symmetry 22 between the perforated roller 6 and the non-perforated roller 19.
  • This type of taper has the particular advantage that the fibers are released through the inclined right longitudinal side wall 21 at least substantially tangentially to the surface area Q of the perforated roller 10, which is important according to the invention.
  • the fibers detached from the sliver by the needles 4 of the opening roller 1 are detected by the air flow Z passing the needles essentially tangentially to the opening roller 1 and conveyed further as free-floating fibers 3 in the fiber feed channel 5.
  • the air flow in the fiber feed channel is denoted by S.
  • This air flow S is accelerated in the tapered mouth region with the height M in accordance with the change in cross-section, which is given by the change in the inside width of the fiber feed channel 5 from D2 to D3, and is then taken up by the suction channel 7 through the perforated friction spinning drum 16.
  • the air flow S undergoes a deflection against the circumferential direction of the perforated friction spinning drum 6, as indicated by the curve S1 of the arrow S, so that the front part, viewed in the direction of flow, of a fiber 3 delivered in the direction of flow also in this acceleration zone deflected according to the air flow S, then caught by the perforated roller, which is shown with the fiber layer 3.1, and is withdrawn in the circumferential direction of the perforated roller 6.
  • the rear part of this fiber is conveyed further in the air flow in the direction of arrow N (FIG. 1), in order to ultimately reach the fiber layer in a 3.2 Surface of the perforated roller 6 to be released.
  • the size of the angle ⁇ (FIG.
  • the angle ⁇ is smaller as the angle ⁇ becomes smaller, provided that the ratio between air speed and peripheral speed is large, the height M is adapted to the inclination of the fiber feed channel and the acceleration in the said mouth area is sufficiently large to allow the said front end of the respective one Guide the fiber fast enough against the perforated roller.
  • the ratio between the air speed and the peripheral speed of the perforated roller must increase and the acceleration in the mouth region mentioned must be increased due to the small selected height M.
  • the speed of the conveying air in the mouth is at least 50% higher than the speed at the beginning of the range mentioned, i.e. at the channel width D2, must be to effect a sufficiently effective deflection of a front fiber end.
  • the tapered area in front of the mouth should only be so high that the front end of a fiber covered by this area is a maximum of a third of the length of a medium fiber to be processed.
  • the height M of this taper should therefore be selected at around 10 mm.
  • the speed of the conveying air in the mouth 11 should not be more than 5 times the speed in the channel width D2 at the beginning of this area.
  • the speed of the conveying air in the mouth 11 is advantageously between twice and four times the speed in the channel width D2.
  • the speed of the air flow above said tapered area is greater than the speed of movement of the surface of the perforated roller in order to avoid the fibers coming to lie substantially in the direction of movement of the perforated roller.
  • the speed of the conveying air flow above the tapered area must be greater as the angle of inclination ⁇ of the fiber feed channel 5 becomes smaller in order to bring the fiber into the fiber layer 3.2 with the desired angle ⁇ .
  • the air speed mentioned should be between 15 m / sec. and 100 m / sec. be.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the fibers 3 in the fiber layer 3.2 is also reduced if the speed of the air flow mentioned above the tapered area increases while the speed of movement of the friction spinning means remains the same. At a minimum, the speed of the air flow mentioned must be twice the peripheral speed of the perforated roller.
  • FIG. 2 shows a number of further distances which, when correctly selected in combination with the measures considered above, lead to a favorable result.
  • This is the distance B between the lower longitudinal edge 9 of the suction channel 7 and the plane 24 connecting the two axes of rotation of the rollers, the distance C between the upper longitudinal edge 8 of the suction channel 7 and the same plane 24, the distance D between the perforated and the non-perforated roller in the narrowest gap 25 in the connecting plane 24, the radial distance E between the longitudinal side wall 21 of the fiber feed channel 5 and the perforated roller 6, the radial distance F between the non-perforated roller 19 and the left longitudinal side wall 23 of the fiber feed channel 5, and the height difference G between the left and right side walls 23, 21 of the fiber feed channel 5.
  • the selection of the two radial distances E and F is of particular importance.
  • the specified values of 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm represent an optimum, whereby even relatively small deviations lead to a noticeable deterioration in the negative pressure in the fiber feed channel and to the yarn strength.
  • the position of the mouth 11 with respect to the plane of symmetry 22 is absolutely uncritical.
  • FIG. 2 shows a symmetrical position, the mouth can be “shifted” to the left or to the right in FIG. 2 without this leading to changed yarn values , as long as the specified radial distances are maintained by shielding plates or a suitable thickness of the longitudinal side walls 21, 23 of the fiber feed channel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Dispositif de filage par friction constitué de la combinaison des caractéristiques suivantes:
    a) Un tambour cylindrique perforé (6), rotatif autour de son axe dans un premier sens de rotation (U), avec une buse d'aspiration (7) disposée à l'intérieur qui possède une embouchure (11) en forme de fente allongée s'étendant au moins essentiellement d'une manière parallèle à l'axe de rotation, embouchure qui est formée entre une première arête longitudinale (8) et une deuxième arête longitudinale (9) de la buse d'aspiration, et où les arêtes longitudinales (8, 9) de la buse d'aspiration sont situées à proximité immédiate du côté intérieur de la paroi intérieure (10) du tambour cylindrique perforé,
    b) un deuxième tambour cylindrique (19), non perforé, qui est rotatif autour de son axe dans le même sens de rotation (U) que le premier tambour perforé (6), et où l'axe de rotation du tambour non perforé est parallèle à l'axe de rotation du tambour perforé, et les tambours forment entre eux un espace le plus étroit (25) situé dans un plan de liaison (24) comprenant les deux axes de rotation,
    c) un canal d'amenée de fibres (5), disposé du côté où la surface du tambour perforé (6) tourne en se rapprochant vers l'espace le plus étroit (25) et où la surface du tambour non perforé (19) tourne en s'éloignant de l'espace le plus étroit (25).
    d) Le diamètre des deux tambours (6, 19) se situe dans la zone des 40 à 60 mm, et où la relation entre les diamètres des tambours perforé et non perforé se situe dans la zone allant de 0,5 à 2, de préférence entre 0,75 et 1,50, et s'élève particulièrement à environ 1,00,
    e) la distance entre les surfaces des tambours (6, 19) est comprise entre 0,10 et 0,35 mm dans l'espace le plus étroit,
    f) la deuxième arête longitudinale (9) de la buse d'aspiration (7), voisine de l'espace le plus étroit (25), possède une distance (B) par rapport au plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation qui se situe dans la zone allant de 2 mm du côté de ce plan qui fait dos au canal d'amenée de fibres, jusqu'à 2 mm du côté de ce plan qui fait face au canal d'amenée de fibres,
    g) la première arête longitudinale (8) de la buse d'aspiration possède une distance (C) par rapport au plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation qui se situe dans la zone comprise entre 4 mm à 10 mm, du côté de ce plan qui fait face au canal d'amenée de fibres,
    h) la paroi longitudinale (21) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5), voisine de la surface du tambour perforé (6), forme un angle compris dans la zone de 0 à 20 degrés avec un plan de symétrie (22) passant à travers l'espace le plus étroit (25), et perpendiculairement audit plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation, et où cet angle est mesuré sur la partie terminale de cette paroi longitudinale (21) faisant face à l'espace le plus étroit (25),
    i) la paroi longitudinale (23) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5), voisine de la surface du tambour non perforé (19), forme un angle compris dans la zone de -10 à + 10 degrés avec ledit plan de symétrie, angle qui est mesuré sur la partie terminale de cette paroi longitudinale (23) faisant face à l'espace le plus étroit, et où, par le choix des deux angles cités en dernier ainsi que des courants d'air individuels, le guidage des fibres vers le tambour perforé se fait, si possible, dans un plan tangentiel à ce tambour,
    j) la hauteur (A) de la ligne médiane de l'embouchure (11) formée par les parois longitudinales (21, 23) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5), faisant face a l'espace le plus étroit, au-dessus du plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation, est d'au moins 7 mm, particulièrement de 8 a 13 mm et de préférence d'environ 10 mm,
    k) la paroi longitudinale (23) du canal d'amenée de fibres, dirigée vers le tambour non perforé (19), s'avance au moins aussi loin dans la direction du plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation que la paroi longitudinale (21) du canal d'amenée de fibres voisine du tambour perforé, cependant pas plus de 1 mm plus loin,
    l) la largeur (D3) de ladite embouchure (11) du canal d'amenée de fibres se situe dans la zone comprise entre 0,75 à 2 mm,
    m) a l'embouchure (11) du canal d'amenée de fibres, la vitesse du courant d'air (S) guidant les fibres (3) dans le canal d'amenée d'air (5) se situe dans la zone comprise entre 50 à 100 m/s,
    n) la dépression dans le canal d'amenée de fibres (5), mesurée à un endroit situé 10 mm au-dessus de l'embouchure, oscille dans la zone comprise entre 110 mm a 300 mm de colonne d'eau,
    o) la distance radiale (E) comprise entre la surface du tambour perforé (6) et la paroi longitudinale (21) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5), voisine de ce tambour, se situe dans la zone allant de 0,1 a 0,5 mm, et est de préférence d'environ 0,2 mm,
    p) la distance radiale (F) comprise entre la surface du tambour non perforé (19) et la paroi longitudinale (23) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5), voisine de ce tambour, se situe dans la zone allant de 1,0 a 0,5 mm, et est de préférence d'environ 0,7 mm,
    q) le lieu de formation de fil (13) se situe entre l'embouchure (11) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5) et l'espace le plus étroit (25),
    r) l'angle (α) compris entre l'axe longitudinal moyen (20) du canal d'amenée de fibres (5) et la direction d'extraction de fil (a) est un angle aigu se situant dans la zone allant de 15 a 40°,
    s) la vitesse d'extraction de fil si situe dans la zone allant de 150 à 300 m/min,
    t) la vitesse circonférentielle du tambour perforé (6) se situe dans la zone allant de 300 à 1200 m/min,
    u) la vitesse circonférentielle du tambour non perforé (19) se situe dans la zone allant de 95 a 105% de la vitesse circonférentielle du tambour perforé (6), et est de préférence au moins essentiellement égale à cette vitesse circonférentielle.
  2. Dispositif de filage par friction selon revendication 1, caractérisé par la caractéristique ultérieure
    v) que la quantité la plus importante des fibres est déposée sur la surface du tambour perforé et amenée de cette manière vers le lieu de formation de fil.
  3. Dispositif de filage par friction selon revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    w) lors de la liaison de leur extrémité de devant dans l'extrémité de fil, au moins 90% des fibres (3) présentent, avec leur extrémité arrière, un angle ( ) par rapport à la direction d'extraction de fil (a) qui se situe dans la zone allant de 0° a 50°.
  4. Dispositif de filage par friction selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    x) la longueur (L) de l'embouchure (11) en forme de fente du canal d'amenée de fibres (5) est d'au moins 70 mm, se situe particulièrement dans la zone allant de 80 a 130 mm, et est de préférence d'environ 100 mm.
  5. Dispositif de filage par friction selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par la combinaison particulière des caractéristiques suivantes, selon lesquelles:
    1) La distance (D) du tambour perforé (6) et du tambour non perforé (19) dans l'espace le plus étroit (25) est de 0,15 mm,
    2) la deuxième arête longitudinale (9) de la buse d'aspiration (7) est détournée du côté dudit plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation, qui fait dos au canal d'amenée de fibres, et possède une distance (B) de 0,5 mm par rapport à ce plan,
    3) la première arête longitudinale (8) de la buse d'aspiration possède une distance (C) de 6 mm par rapport audit plan de liaison,
    4) la partie terminale de la paroi longitudinale (23) du canal d'amenée de fibres, voisine du tambour non perforé, est au moins essentiellement parallèle audit plan de symétrie (22), et son arête, voisine dudit plan (24) reliant les deux axes de rotation, possède une distance (A) de 9 mm par rapport à ce dernier,
    5) la distance radiale (E) comprise entre la paroi longitudinale (21) du canal d'amenée de fibres, voisine du tambour perforé (6), et ce dernier est de 0,2 mm,
    6) la distance radiale (F) comprise entre la paroi longitudinale (23) du canal d'amenée de fibres, voisine du tambour non perforé (19), et ce dernier est de 0,7 mm,
    7) la largeur (D3) de l'embouchure (11) du canal d'amenée de fibres est de 1,0 mm,
    et où ces dimensions sont utilisées particulièrement pour la formation d'un fil en fibres de coton allant de 15 à 50 tex, pour une vitesse d'extraction de fil allant de 150 à 300 m/min, et pour une résistance de fil de plus de 8 (CN/tex).
EP89116568A 1988-09-21 1989-09-07 Dispositif de filature à friction Expired - Lifetime EP0363649B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3832110 1988-09-21
DE3832110A DE3832110A1 (de) 1988-09-21 1988-09-21 Friktionsspinnvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0363649A1 EP0363649A1 (fr) 1990-04-18
EP0363649B1 true EP0363649B1 (fr) 1994-11-30

Family

ID=6363440

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89116568A Expired - Lifetime EP0363649B1 (fr) 1988-09-21 1989-09-07 Dispositif de filature à friction

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4938018A (fr)
EP (1) EP0363649B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02112422A (fr)
AT (1) ATE114743T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3832110A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU1814666C (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4223833A1 (de) * 1992-07-20 1994-01-27 Schlafhorst & Co W Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spinnen eines Garnes nach einem Friktionsspinnverfahren

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2714089C2 (de) * 1977-03-30 1986-07-31 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5630 Remscheid Vorrichtung zum Spinnen eines Fadens aus Einzelfasern
AT364292B (de) * 1980-03-17 1981-10-12 Fehrer Ernst Vorrichtung zum herstellen eines garnes
DE3114093C2 (de) * 1980-04-19 1986-06-05 Hollingsworth (U.K.) Ltd., Accrington, Lancashire Walze für eine Friktionsspinnvorrichtung
DE3308250A1 (de) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-13 Stahlecker, Fritz, 7347 Bad Überkingen Oe-friktionsspinnvorrichtung
AT385283B (de) * 1983-07-13 1988-03-10 Fehrer Textilmasch Vorrichtung zum herstellen eines garnes
GB8421439D0 (en) * 1984-08-23 1984-09-26 Manchester Inst Science Tech Production of yarns
IN165403B (fr) * 1984-09-25 1989-10-07 Rieter Ag Maschf
DE3441493A1 (de) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-15 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt Offenend-spinnvorrichtung
DE3441492A1 (de) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-22 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt Offenend-spinnvorrichtung
GB2168390B (en) * 1984-12-18 1988-02-03 Hollingsworth Uk Ltd Friction spinning apparatus
DE3521665A1 (de) * 1985-06-18 1987-01-02 Rieter Ag Maschf Friktionsspinnmittel fuer eine friktionsspinn-vorrichtung
IN167316B (fr) * 1985-07-12 1990-10-06 Rieter Ag Maschf
IN171021B (fr) * 1987-04-27 1992-07-04 Rieter Ag Maschf

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
keine *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4938018A (en) 1990-07-03
DE3832110A1 (de) 1990-03-29
ATE114743T1 (de) 1994-12-15
EP0363649A1 (fr) 1990-04-18
JPH02112422A (ja) 1990-04-25
DE58908687D1 (de) 1995-01-12
RU1814666C (ru) 1993-05-07

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