EP0363649B1 - Friction-spinning apparatus - Google Patents

Friction-spinning apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363649B1
EP0363649B1 EP89116568A EP89116568A EP0363649B1 EP 0363649 B1 EP0363649 B1 EP 0363649B1 EP 89116568 A EP89116568 A EP 89116568A EP 89116568 A EP89116568 A EP 89116568A EP 0363649 B1 EP0363649 B1 EP 0363649B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
feed duct
range
plane
fibre feed
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EP89116568A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0363649A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Stalder
Josef Baumgartner
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/04—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques imparting twist by contact of fibres with a running surface
    • D01H4/16—Friction spinning, i.e. the running surface being provided by a pair of closely spaced friction drums, e.g. at least one suction drum

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a friction spinning device.
  • Friction spinning devices are known in multiple copies from the patent literature. For example, there are arrangements with two cylindrical rollers, with rollers with concave surfaces, with rollers that are arranged one inside the other and rollers or tapered rollers that work with perforated belts or perforated disks. In most cases there are two bodies working together, at least one body being provided with a perforated suction surface.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an uncomplicated friction spinning device which, with low energy consumption, is able to produce a high-quality yarn over a wide range of yarn sizes at high yarn take-off speeds, yarn breaks and yarn defects occurring relatively rarely during manufacture.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hint of a known opening roller 1, which is mounted and driven in a manner known per se in a housing 2 (also only partially shown).
  • the purpose of the opening roller is to dissolve a sliver inserted into the housing 2 into individual fibers 3, and for this purpose it is provided with needles 4.
  • a fiber feed channel 5 adjoins the housing 2 and opens out close to the cylindrical surface of a perforated roller 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the friction spinning device also has an unperforated roller 19.
  • the perforated roller 6 has on the inside a suction nozzle or a suction channel (FIG. 2) which, with its longitudinal edges 8 and 9, adjoins a suction zone R on the circumference of the perforated roller 6.
  • the walls 8 and 9 extend so close to the cylindrical inner wall of the perforated roller 6 that, without touching the inner wall 10, an inflow of false air between the walls 8 and 9 and the inner wall 10 is practically prevented.
  • This air which is sucked in by the suction channel 7 and also flows through the fiber feed channel 5, causes the fibers 3 detached from the needles 4 and exposed in the fiber feed channel 5 within said suction zone R at a surface area Q of the rotating friction spinning drum 6 delimited by the mouth 11 of the fiber feed channel 5 held and ultimately screwed to a yarn formation point 13 to a yarn 12. It is essential that the mouth 11 of the fiber feed channel lies in the suction area of the suction nozzle or the screen formed by the edges 8, 9.
  • the yarn formation point 13 is located in the region of an imaginary continuation of the wall 9 of the suction channel 7 through the cylindrical wall of the perforated roller 6, i.e. in the boundary area given by the wall 9 within the suction zone R.
  • the yarn formation point appears as a rotating hollow tube consisting of fibers, with a relatively loose composition, in the interior of which the actual yarn end is formed.
  • the perforated roller 6 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow U and thereby transports the fibers released in the surface region Q to the perforated surface to the yarn formation point 13.
  • the finished yarn is drawn off in a draw-off direction a by a draw-off roller pair 14.
  • the length (not shown) of the suction zone R in the direction of the yarn formation point 13 corresponds at least to the length L of the mouth 11.
  • the length L and the clear width D3 result in a mouth with a slit-like shape.
  • FIG. 1 further shows the fiber feed channel 5 with an inclination marked with an acute angle ⁇ , which finally represents the angle which lies between the central longitudinal axis 20 of the fiber feed channel and the yarn withdrawal direction a.
  • this angle ⁇ is shown in the end wall 16 of the fiber feed channel, since in this example this end wall runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fiber feed channel.
  • the mouth 11 is provided essentially parallel and at a predetermined distance A from the yarn formation point 13.
  • the air flow in the channel also has an at least similar tendency to the mouth cross section.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the fiber feed channel in the mouth region has a strongly tapered part with the height M, which is tapered from the channel width D2 to the channel width D3.
  • this tapering takes place primarily by inclining the longitudinal side wall 21 of the fiber feed channel 5 that is on the right in FIG. 2.
  • the left one Side wall 23, on the other hand, runs at least substantially parallel to the plane of symmetry 22 between the perforated roller 6 and the non-perforated roller 19.
  • This type of taper has the particular advantage that the fibers are released through the inclined right longitudinal side wall 21 at least substantially tangentially to the surface area Q of the perforated roller 10, which is important according to the invention.
  • the fibers detached from the sliver by the needles 4 of the opening roller 1 are detected by the air flow Z passing the needles essentially tangentially to the opening roller 1 and conveyed further as free-floating fibers 3 in the fiber feed channel 5.
  • the air flow in the fiber feed channel is denoted by S.
  • This air flow S is accelerated in the tapered mouth region with the height M in accordance with the change in cross-section, which is given by the change in the inside width of the fiber feed channel 5 from D2 to D3, and is then taken up by the suction channel 7 through the perforated friction spinning drum 16.
  • the air flow S undergoes a deflection against the circumferential direction of the perforated friction spinning drum 6, as indicated by the curve S1 of the arrow S, so that the front part, viewed in the direction of flow, of a fiber 3 delivered in the direction of flow also in this acceleration zone deflected according to the air flow S, then caught by the perforated roller, which is shown with the fiber layer 3.1, and is withdrawn in the circumferential direction of the perforated roller 6.
  • the rear part of this fiber is conveyed further in the air flow in the direction of arrow N (FIG. 1), in order to ultimately reach the fiber layer in a 3.2 Surface of the perforated roller 6 to be released.
  • the size of the angle ⁇ (FIG.
  • the angle ⁇ is smaller as the angle ⁇ becomes smaller, provided that the ratio between air speed and peripheral speed is large, the height M is adapted to the inclination of the fiber feed channel and the acceleration in the said mouth area is sufficiently large to allow the said front end of the respective one Guide the fiber fast enough against the perforated roller.
  • the ratio between the air speed and the peripheral speed of the perforated roller must increase and the acceleration in the mouth region mentioned must be increased due to the small selected height M.
  • the speed of the conveying air in the mouth is at least 50% higher than the speed at the beginning of the range mentioned, i.e. at the channel width D2, must be to effect a sufficiently effective deflection of a front fiber end.
  • the tapered area in front of the mouth should only be so high that the front end of a fiber covered by this area is a maximum of a third of the length of a medium fiber to be processed.
  • the height M of this taper should therefore be selected at around 10 mm.
  • the speed of the conveying air in the mouth 11 should not be more than 5 times the speed in the channel width D2 at the beginning of this area.
  • the speed of the conveying air in the mouth 11 is advantageously between twice and four times the speed in the channel width D2.
  • the speed of the air flow above said tapered area is greater than the speed of movement of the surface of the perforated roller in order to avoid the fibers coming to lie substantially in the direction of movement of the perforated roller.
  • the speed of the conveying air flow above the tapered area must be greater as the angle of inclination ⁇ of the fiber feed channel 5 becomes smaller in order to bring the fiber into the fiber layer 3.2 with the desired angle ⁇ .
  • the air speed mentioned should be between 15 m / sec. and 100 m / sec. be.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the fibers 3 in the fiber layer 3.2 is also reduced if the speed of the air flow mentioned above the tapered area increases while the speed of movement of the friction spinning means remains the same. At a minimum, the speed of the air flow mentioned must be twice the peripheral speed of the perforated roller.
  • FIG. 2 shows a number of further distances which, when correctly selected in combination with the measures considered above, lead to a favorable result.
  • This is the distance B between the lower longitudinal edge 9 of the suction channel 7 and the plane 24 connecting the two axes of rotation of the rollers, the distance C between the upper longitudinal edge 8 of the suction channel 7 and the same plane 24, the distance D between the perforated and the non-perforated roller in the narrowest gap 25 in the connecting plane 24, the radial distance E between the longitudinal side wall 21 of the fiber feed channel 5 and the perforated roller 6, the radial distance F between the non-perforated roller 19 and the left longitudinal side wall 23 of the fiber feed channel 5, and the height difference G between the left and right side walls 23, 21 of the fiber feed channel 5.
  • the selection of the two radial distances E and F is of particular importance.
  • the specified values of 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm represent an optimum, whereby even relatively small deviations lead to a noticeable deterioration in the negative pressure in the fiber feed channel and to the yarn strength.
  • the position of the mouth 11 with respect to the plane of symmetry 22 is absolutely uncritical.
  • FIG. 2 shows a symmetrical position, the mouth can be “shifted” to the left or to the right in FIG. 2 without this leading to changed yarn values , as long as the specified radial distances are maintained by shielding plates or a suitable thickness of the longitudinal side walls 21, 23 of the fiber feed channel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

A friction spinning machine comprising a perforated roller (6) and an imperforate roller (19) is so designed that high-quality yarn can be produced in various sizes and with adequate strengths at a relatively high rate of output. The adjustment parameters necessary to solve this problem are specified in detail, more particulary those determining the position, orientation and shape of the fibre feed duct (5).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Friktionsspinnvorrichtung.The present invention relates to a friction spinning device.

Friktionsspinnvorrichtungen sind in vielfachen Ausfertigungen aus der Patentliteratur bekannt. Beispielsweise gibt es Anordnungen mit zwei zylindrischen Walzen, mit Walzen mit konkaven Oberflächen, mit Walzen, die ineinander angeordnet sind und Walzen oder Kegelwalzen, die mit gelochten Bändern oder gelochten Scheiben zusammenarbeiten. In den meisten Fällen handelt es sich um zwei zusammenarbeitende Körper, wobei mindestens ein Körper mit einer gelochten abgesaugten Oberfläche versehen wird.Friction spinning devices are known in multiple copies from the patent literature. For example, there are arrangements with two cylindrical rollers, with rollers with concave surfaces, with rollers that are arranged one inside the other and rollers or tapered rollers that work with perforated belts or perforated disks. In most cases there are two bodies working together, at least one body being provided with a perforated suction surface.

Es sind bereits eine ganze Reihe von Vorschlägen gemacht worden, wie man durch gezielte Auslegung von einzelnen geometrischen und lufttechnischen Parametern eine in der Praxis zufriedenstellende Friktionsspinnvorrichtung herstellen kann. Die bisherigen Untersuchungen und Vorschläge betreffen beispielsweise die Länge und Breite des Absaugsschlitzes der Absaugdüse, die Gestalt des Faserzuführkanals, das Vorsehen von weiteren Absaugkanälen am Faserzuführkanal um die Lage der Fasern im Faserflug zu beeinflussen, die Gestalt und Lage der Mündung des Faserzuführkanals, der Neigungswinkel der Längsachse des Faserzuführkanals im Hinblick auf die Abzugsrichtung des Garnes, die Frage, ob man die Fasern auf die Trommel in die Garnbildungsstelle bringt oder versucht, die Faser direkt auf das Garnende zu speisen, die Luftgeschwindigkeit im Kanal, die Austrittswinkel der Fasern aus dem Faserzuführkanal, die Auslaufbewegung der Fasern, die Neigungswinkel der Längsseitenwände des Faserzuführkanals und die Garnabzuggeschwindigkeit.A whole series of proposals have already been made on how to produce a friction spinning device that is satisfactory in practice by specifically designing individual geometric and ventilation parameters. The previous investigations and suggestions concern, for example, the length and width of the suction slot of the suction nozzle, the shape of the fiber feed channel, the provision of further suction channels on the fiber feed channel in order to influence the position of the fibers in the fiber flight, the shape and position of the mouth of the fiber feed channel, the angle of inclination Longitudinal axis of the fiber feed channel with regard to the withdrawal direction of the yarn, the question of whether the fibers are placed on the drum in the yarn formation point or an attempt is made to feed the fiber directly to the end of the yarn, the air speed in the channel, the exit angles of the fibers from the fiber feed channel, the exit movement of the fibers, the angle of inclination of the longitudinal side walls of the fiber feed channel and the yarn take-off speed.

Trotz aller dieser Vorschläge werden nur relativ wenig Friktionsspinnvorrichtungen auf dem Markt angeboten und auch diese Vorrichtungen eignen sich eigentlich nur für die Herstellung groberer Baumwollgarne, beispielsweise für die spätere Herstellung von Jeansstoffen.Despite all of these proposals, there are relatively few friction spinning devices on the market and these devices are actually only suitable for the production of coarser cotton yarns, for example for the later production of denim fabrics.

Es entstehen größte Schwierigkeiten, die Friktionsspinnvorrichtungen so auszubilden, daß sie auch für die wirtschaftliche Herstellung von feineren Garnen geeignet sind, ohne daß eine Vielzahl von zeitraubender und sehr genau durchzuführender Einstellungen erforderlich sind, vor allem bei der Umstellung von einer Garngröße auf eine andere.The greatest difficulties arise in designing the friction spinning devices in such a way that they are also suitable for the economical production of finer yarns without requiring a multitude of time-consuming and very precise adjustments, especially when changing from one yarn size to another.

Die Ursache für diese Problematik ist nach hiesiger Meinung in einer in der Praxis häufig anzutreffenden ungenügenden Führung der Faser zu finden.According to local opinion, the cause of this problem can be found in insufficient fiber routing, which is often encountered in practice.

Um dieser Schwierigkeit entgegenzuwirken, ist bereits im europäischen Patent 175 862 ein Offenend-Friktionsspinnverfahren zur Herstellung eines Garnes und dergleichen vorgeschlagen worden, wobei

  • Fasern aus einem Faserverband herausgelöst werden,
  • die herausgelösten Fasern mittels eines pneumatischen Faserförderluftstromes frei fliegend an eine bewegte, gelochte Oberfläche eines im Unterdruck stehenden Friktionsspinnmittels übergeben werden, wobei der Faserförderluftstrom zumindest bis kurz vor der gelochten Oberfläche zu dieser geneigt angeordnet ist,
  • die Fasern dann mittels dieser gelochten Oberfläche in im wesentlichen gestreckter Form an eine Garnbildungsstelle transportiert werden, in welcher die Fasern zu einem Garn gebildet werden, und
  • das Garn in einer vorgegebenen Richtung von der Garnbildungsstelle abgezogen wird
mit dem besonderen Kennzeichen, daß durch gezielte Auswahl sowohl der Luftstromgeschwindigkeit im Querschnitt einer gegen die bewegte Oberfläche gerichteten Austrittsmündung eines den Faserförderluftstrom führenden Faserzuführkanales als auch der Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit der gelochten Oberfläche an dieser Mündung vorbei, die auf der bewegten Oberfläche transportierten Fasern in einer im wesentlichen gestreckten und gleichzeitig in einer, in Abzugsrichtung des Garnes gesehen, nach hinten geneigten Lage auf der Oberfläche liegend an die Garnbildungsstelle abgegeben werden.In order to counteract this difficulty, an open-end friction spinning method for producing a yarn and the like has already been proposed in European Patent 175 862, whereby
  • Fibers are removed from a fiber structure,
  • the detached fibers are transferred freely by means of a pneumatic fiber conveying air stream to a moving, perforated surface of a friction spinning device which is under vacuum, the fiber conveying air stream being arranged at least up to shortly before the perforated surface,
  • the fibers are then transported by means of this perforated surface in a substantially elongated form to a yarn formation point in which the fibers are formed into a yarn, and
  • the yarn is withdrawn from the yarn formation point in a predetermined direction
with the special characteristic that through targeted Selection of both the air flow velocity in the cross section of an outlet opening directed against the moving surface of a fiber feed channel guiding the fiber conveying air flow and the movement speed of the perforated surface past this opening, the fibers transported on the moving surface in a substantially stretched and at the same time in a pull-off direction of the Seen yarns, reclined position lying on the surface to be given to the yarn formation point.

Bereits diese Maßnahmen führten zu weitaus besseren Ergebnissen als bisher. Aber auch hier stellte sich schließlich heraus, daß die Streuung der von den Fasern angenommen Winkeln u.U. zu groß war, um optimale Ergebnisse zu erreichen. Um diese Schwierigkeit zu überwinden, ist in der europäischen Anmeldung EP-A-208 274 vorgeschlagen worden, daß der Förderluftstrom in einem vorgegebenen, mit der Mündung des Faserzuführkanals endenden Bereich mit einer vorgegebenen Höhe zusätzlich beschleunigt wird, wobei der Förderluftstrom im genannten Bereich derart beschleunigt und gegen die Mündung umgelenkt wird, daß ein in diesem Bereich erfaßtes vorderes Endteil in Flugrichtung der Fasern gesehen, eine freifliegende Faser aus der vorangehend genannten im wesentlichen mit einem spitzen Winkel α gegen die Mündung gerichteten Flugrichtung in eine stärker zur Mündung hin gerichtete Lage umgelenkt und in dieser Lage durch die Mündung hindurch an die gelochte Oberfläche der Friktionsspinnvorrichtung abgegeben wird als der darauffolgende restliche Teil dieser Faser.These measures alone led to far better results than before. But here, too, it finally turned out that the scatter of the angles assumed by the fibers may was too large to achieve optimal results. In order to overcome this difficulty, it has been proposed in European application EP-A-208 274 that the conveying air flow is additionally accelerated at a predetermined height in a predetermined region ending with the mouth of the fiber feed channel, the conveying air flow accelerating in the mentioned region in this way and is deflected against the mouth, such that a front end part detected in this area is seen in the direction of flight of the fibers, a free-flying fiber is deflected from the above-mentioned flight direction essentially at an acute angle α towards the mouth into a position directed more towards the mouth, and in this position is released through the mouth to the perforated surface of the friction spinning device as the subsequent remaining part of this fiber.

Diese beiden europäischen Schriften haben nach wie vor Gültigkeit und der Inhalt dieser Schriften wird hiermit zum Inhalt auch dieser Anmeldung gemacht.These two European documents are still valid and the content of these documents is hereby made the content of this application.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine unaufwendige Friktionsspinnvorrichtung zu schaffen, welche bei niedrigem Energieverbrauch über ein breites Spektrum von Garngrößen bei hohen Garnabzugsgeschwindigkeiten in der Lage ist, ein qualitätsmäßig hochwertiges Garn zu erzeugen, wobei bei der Herstellung Garnbrüche sowie Garnfehler verhältnismäßig selten auftreten.The object of the present invention is to provide an uncomplicated friction spinning device which, with low energy consumption, is able to produce a high-quality yarn over a wide range of yarn sizes at high yarn take-off speeds, yarn breaks and yarn defects occurring relatively rarely during manufacture.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung eine Friktionsspinnvorrichtung bestehend aus der Kombination folgender Merkmale vor:

  • a) eine gelochte zylindrische, in einer ersten Drehrichtung um ihre Achse drehbare Walze mit einer darin angeordneten Absaugdüse, welche eine sich zumindest im wesentlichen parallel zur Drehachse erstreckende langschlitzartige Mündung aufweist, welche zwischen einer ersten und einer zweiten Längskante der Absaugdüse gebildet ist, wobei die Längskanten der Absaugdüse in der unmittelbaren Nähe der inneren Seite der gelochten Innenwand der gelochten zylindrischen Walze liegen,
  • b) eine zweite ungelochte zylindrische Walze, welche um ihre Achse in der gleichen Drehrichtung wie die erste gelochte Walze drehbar ist, wobei die Drehachse der ungelochten Walze parallel zur Drehachse der gelochten Walze liegt und die beiden Walzen zwischen sich in einer die beiden Drehachsen enthaltenden Verbindungsebene einen engsten Spalt bilden,
  • c) ein Faserzuführkanal, der auf der Seite angeordnet ist, wo die Oberfläche der gelochten Walze in den engsten Spalt hineindreht und die Oberfläche der ungelochten Walze aus dem engsten Spalt herausdreht,
  • d) der Durchmesser der beiden Walzen im Bereich von 40 bis 60 mm liegt, wobei das Verhältnis des Durchmessers der gelochten Walze zu dem der ungelochten Walze im Bereich von 0,5 bis 2, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,75 und 1,50 liegt und insbesondere etwa 1,00 ist,
  • e) der Abstand zwischen den Oberflächen der Walzen im engsten Spalt zwischen 0,10 und 0,35 mm liegt,
  • f) die dem engsten Spalt benachbarte zweite Längskante der Absaugdüse von der die beiden Drehachsen verbindenden Ebene einen Abstand aufweist, der im Bereich von 2 mm auf der dem Faserzuführkanal abgewandten Seite dieser Ebene bis zu 2 mm auf der dem Faserzuführkanal zugewandten Seite dieser Ebene liegt,
  • g) die erste Längskante der Absaugdüse einen Abstand von der die beiden Drehachsen verbindenden Ebene auf der dem Faserzuführkanal zugewandten Seite dieser Ebene im Bereich von 4 mm bis 10 mm aufweist,
  • h) die der Oberfläche der gelochten Walze benachbarte Längsseitenwand des Faserzuführkanals mit einer Symmetrieebene durch den engsten Spalt, die senkrecht zu der genannten, die beiden Drehachsen verbindenden Ebene liegt, einen Winkel im Bereich von 0 bis 20 Winkelgrade bildet, wobei dieser Winkel an dem dem engsten Spalt zugewandten Endstück dieser Längsseitenwand gemessen ist,
  • i) die der Oberfläche der ungelochten Walze benachbarte Längsseitenwand des Faserzuführkanals mit der genannten Symmetrieebene einen Winkel im Bereich von -10 bis +10 Winkelgrade bildet, der am dem engsten Spalt zugewandten Endstück dieser Längsseitenwand gemessen ist, wobei durch Auswahl der beiden letztgenannten Winkel sowie der einzelnen Luftströmungen die Faserführung an die gelochte Walze möglichst in einer an dieser Walze tangentialen Ebene erfolgt,
  • j) die Höhe der Mittellinie der durch die dem engsten Spalt zugewandten Längskanten des Faserzuführkanals gebildeten Mündung oberhalb der die beiden Drehachsen verbindenden Ebene mindestens 7 mm, insbesondere 8 bis 13 mm und vorzugsweise etwa 10 mm ist,
  • k) die der ungelochten Walze zugewandte Längsseitenwand des Faserzuführkanals mindestens so weit, jedoch nicht mehr als 1 mm weiter in Richtung der die beiden Drehachsen verbindenden Ebene reicht als die der gelochten Walze benachbarte Längsseitenwand des Faserzuführkanals,
  • l) die Breite der genannten Mündung des Faserzuführkanals im Bereich von 0,75 bis 2 mm liegt,
  • m) die Geschwindigkeit der die Fasern im Faserzuführkanal führenden Luftströmung an der Mündung des Faserzuführkanals im Bereich von 50 bis 100 m/sek liegt,
  • n) der Unterdruck im Faserzuführkanal gemessen an einer Stelle 10 mm oberhalb der Mündung im Bereich von 110 mm Wassersäule bis 300 mm Wassersäule liegt,
  • o) der radiale Abstand zwischen der Oberfläche der gelochten Walze und der dieser benachbarten Längsseitenwand des Faserzuführkanals im Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm liegt und vorzugsweise etwa 0,2 mm beträgt,
  • p) der radiale Abstand zwischen der ungelochten Walze und der dieser benachbarten Längsseitenwand des Faserzuführkanals im Bereich von 1,0 bis 0,5 mm liegt und vorzugsweise etwa 0,7 mm beträgt,
  • q) die Garnbildungsstelle zwischen der Mündung des Faserzuführkanals und dem engsten Spalt liegt,
  • r) der Winkel α zwischen der mittleren Längsachse des Faserzuführkanals und der Garnabzugsrichtung einen spitzen Winkel im Bereich von 15 bis 40° hat,
  • s) die Garnabzugsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von 150 bis 300 m/min liegt,
  • t) die Oberflächengeschwindigkeit der gelochten Walze (6) im Bereich von 300 bis 1200 m/min liegt,
  • u) die Oberflächengeschwindigkeit der ungelochten Walze (19) im Bereich von 95 bis 105% der Oberflächengeschwindigkeit der gelochten Walze liegt und vorzugsweise zumindest im wesentlichen gleich dieser Oberflächengeschwindigkeit ist.
To achieve this object, the invention provides a friction spinning device consisting of the combination of the following features:
  • a) a perforated cylindrical, rotatable in a first direction of rotation about its axis with a suction nozzle arranged therein, which has an at least substantially parallel to the axis of rotation elongated slot-like mouth, which is formed between a first and a second longitudinal edge of the suction nozzle, the Long edges of the suction nozzle lie in the immediate vicinity of the inner side of the perforated inner wall of the perforated cylindrical roller,
  • b) a second non-perforated cylindrical roller, which is rotatable about its axis in the same direction of rotation as the first perforated roller, the axis of rotation of the non-perforated roller lying parallel to the axis of rotation of the perforated roller and the two rollers between them in a connecting plane containing the two axes of rotation form a narrow gap
  • c) a fiber feed channel, which is arranged on the side where the surface of the perforated roller turns into the narrowest gap and the surface of the unscrewed unperforated roller from the narrowest gap,
  • d) the diameter of the two rollers is in the range from 40 to 60 mm, the ratio of the diameter of the perforated roller to that of the non-perforated roller being in the range from 0.5 to 2, preferably between 0.75 and 1.50 and in particular is about 1.00,
  • e) the distance between the surfaces of the rollers in the narrowest gap is between 0.10 and 0.35 mm,
  • f) the second longitudinal edge of the suction nozzle adjacent to the narrowest gap is at a distance from the plane connecting the two axes of rotation, which is in the range from 2 mm on the side of this plane facing away from the fiber feed channel up to 2 mm on the side of this plane facing the fiber feed channel,
  • g) the first longitudinal edge of the suction nozzle is at a distance of 4 mm to 10 mm from the plane connecting the two axes of rotation on the side of this plane facing the fiber feed channel,
  • h) the longitudinal side wall of the fiber feed channel which is adjacent to the surface of the perforated roller and has a plane of symmetry through the narrowest gap which is perpendicular to the plane connecting the two axes of rotation forms an angle in the range from 0 to 20 degrees, this angle at the narrowest gap-facing end piece of this long side wall is measured,
  • i) the longitudinal side wall of the fiber feed channel adjacent to the surface of the unperforated roller forms an angle in the range from -10 to +10 degrees of angle with the said plane of symmetry, which is the narrowest Gap-facing end piece of this longitudinal side wall is measured, the fiber being guided to the perforated roller as far as possible in a plane tangential to this roller by selecting the two latter angles and the individual air flows,
  • j) the height of the center line of the mouth formed by the longitudinal edges of the fiber feed channel facing the narrowest gap above the plane connecting the two axes of rotation is at least 7 mm, in particular 8 to 13 mm and preferably about 10 mm,
  • k) the longitudinal side wall of the fiber feed channel facing the non-perforated roller extends at least as far, but not more than 1 mm further in the direction of the plane connecting the two axes of rotation than the longitudinal side wall of the fiber feed channel adjacent to the perforated roller,
  • l) the width of the aforementioned mouth of the fiber feed channel is in the range from 0.75 to 2 mm,
  • m) the speed of the air flow leading the fibers in the fiber feed channel at the mouth of the fiber feed channel is in the range from 50 to 100 m / sec,
  • n) the negative pressure in the fiber feed channel measured at a point 10 mm above the mouth is in the range from 110 mm water column to 300 mm water column,
  • o) the radial distance between the surface of the perforated roller and the adjacent longitudinal side wall of the fiber feed channel is in the range from 0.1 to 0.5 mm and is preferably approximately 0.2 mm,
  • p) the radial distance between the non-perforated roller and the adjacent longitudinal side wall of the fiber feed channel is in the range from 1.0 to 0.5 mm and is preferably approximately 0.7 mm,
  • q) the yarn formation point lies between the mouth of the fiber feed channel and the narrowest gap,
  • r) the angle α between the central longitudinal axis of the fiber feed channel and the yarn withdrawal direction has an acute angle in the range from 15 to 40 °,
  • s) the yarn take-off speed is in the range from 150 to 300 m / min,
  • t) the surface speed of the perforated roller (6) is in the range from 300 to 1200 m / min,
  • u) the surface speed of the unperforated roller (19) is in the range from 95 to 105% of the surface speed of the perforated roller and is preferably at least substantially equal to this surface speed.

Durch diese Kombination von Parametern gelingt es, auch in Kombination mit den Merkmalen aus der EP-175 862 und der EP-A-208 274, sofern diese Anordnungen mit zwei zylindrischen Walzen betreffen, Garne im Bereich von 15 tex bis 50 tex bei einer Herstellungsgeschwindigkeit von 150 bis 300 m/min herzustellen. Besonders vorteilhaft dabei ist, daß dieser verhältnismäßig breite Bereich der Garngrößen nicht durch Einstellung der kritischen geometrischen Parameter, beispielsweise des Abstandes zwischen den beiden Walzen und den radialen Abständen zwischen dem Faserzuführkanal und den beiden Walzen, sondern durch Einstellung einfach zu ändernder Parameter wie der Saugleistung der Saugquelle, der Trommelumfangsgeschwindigkeit und der Garnabzugsgeschwindigkeit erreichbar ist.This combination of parameters, even in combination with the features from EP-175 862 and EP-A-208 274, as long as these relate to arrangements with two cylindrical rollers, enables yarns in the range from 15 tex to 50 tex at a production speed to produce from 150 to 300 m / min. It is particularly advantageous that this relatively wide range of yarn sizes is not changed by adjusting the critical geometric parameters, for example the distance between the two rollers and the radial distances between the fiber feed channel and the two rollers, but by adjusting them Parameters such as the suction power of the suction source, the drum peripheral speed and the yarn take-off speed can be achieved.

Besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Friktionsspinnvorrichtung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Particularly advantageous embodiments of the friction spinning device according to the invention can be found in the subclaims.

Ein Beispiel für die Herstellung eines Garnes mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert:
Die Zeichnung zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine Fig. 1 der EP-A-208 274, jedoch mit einer abgeänderten Lage und Gestalt des Faserzuführkanals, und
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt, jedoch mit einem größeren Maßstab entsprechend den Pfeilen II-II der Fig. 1, wobei nur dasjenige untere Teil des Faserzuführkanals gezeigt ist, das in Fig. 1 im Bereich M liegt.
An example of the production of a yarn with the device according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing:
The drawing shows in
Fig. 1
a Fig. 1 of EP-A-208 274, but with a modified position and shape of the fiber feed channel, and
Fig. 2
a cross section, but on a larger scale according to the arrows II-II of FIG. 1, only that lower part of the fiber feed channel is shown, which lies in the area M in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt andeutungsweise eine bekannte Auflösewalze 1, welche in an sich bekannter Weise in einem Gehäuse 2 (ebenfalls nur teilweise gezeigt) gelagert und antreibbar ist. Aufgabe der Auflösewalze ist es ein in das Gehäuse 2 eingeführtes Faserband in einzelne Fasern 3 aufzulösen, und sie ist zu diesem Zweck mit Nadeln 4 versehen.Fig. 1 shows a hint of a known opening roller 1, which is mounted and driven in a manner known per se in a housing 2 (also only partially shown). The purpose of the opening roller is to dissolve a sliver inserted into the housing 2 into individual fibers 3, and for this purpose it is provided with needles 4.

An das Gehäuse 2 schließt sich ein Faserzuführkanal 5 an, der nahe an der zylindrischen Oberfläche einer perforierten Walze 6 mündet. Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, weist die Friktionsspinnvorrichtung auch eine ungelochte Walze 19 auf.A fiber feed channel 5 adjoins the housing 2 and opens out close to the cylindrical surface of a perforated roller 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the friction spinning device also has an unperforated roller 19.

Die gelochte Walze 6 weist im Inneren eine Absaugdüse bzw. einen Saugkanal (Fig. 2) auf, welche bzw. welcher mit ihren bzw. seinen Längskanten 8 und 9 an eine Saugzone R am Umfang der gelochten Walze 6 angrenzt. Die Wände 8 und 9 reichen dabei so nahe an die zylindrische Innenwand der gelochten Walze 6, daß, ohne die Innenwand 10 zu berühren, ein Einströmen von Falschluft zwischen den Wänden 8 und 9 und der Innenwand 10 praktisch verhindert wird. Durch diese vom Saugkanal 7 angesaugte, auch den Faserzuführkanal 5 durchströmende Luft, werden die von den Nadeln 4 herausgelösten und im Faserzuführkanal 5 freitliegenden Fasern 3 innerhalb der genannten Saugzone R an einem durch die Mündung 11 des Faserzuführkanals 5 abgegrenzten Oberflächenbereich Q der sich drehenden Friktionsspinntrommel 6 festgehalten und letztlich an eine Garnbildungsstelle 13 zu einem Garn 12 eingedreht. Wesentlich ist, daß die Mündung 11 des Faserzuführkanals im Saugbereich der Absaugdüse bzw. des durch die Kanten 8, 9 gebildeten Schirmes liegt.The perforated roller 6 has on the inside a suction nozzle or a suction channel (FIG. 2) which, with its longitudinal edges 8 and 9, adjoins a suction zone R on the circumference of the perforated roller 6. The walls 8 and 9 extend so close to the cylindrical inner wall of the perforated roller 6 that, without touching the inner wall 10, an inflow of false air between the walls 8 and 9 and the inner wall 10 is practically prevented. This air, which is sucked in by the suction channel 7 and also flows through the fiber feed channel 5, causes the fibers 3 detached from the needles 4 and exposed in the fiber feed channel 5 within said suction zone R at a surface area Q of the rotating friction spinning drum 6 delimited by the mouth 11 of the fiber feed channel 5 held and ultimately screwed to a yarn formation point 13 to a yarn 12. It is essential that the mouth 11 of the fiber feed channel lies in the suction area of the suction nozzle or the screen formed by the edges 8, 9.

Die Garnbildungsstelle 13 befindet sich im Bereich einer gedachten Fortsetzung der Wand 9 des Saugkanals 7 durch die zylindrische Wand der gelochten Walze 6, d.h. in dem durch die Wand 9 gegebenen Grenzbereich innerhalb der Saugzone R. Dabei erscheint die Garnbildungsstelle in der Praxis als ein rotierendes, aus Fasern bestehendes Hohlrohr, und zwar mit relativ loser Zusammensetzung, in dessen Innerem das eigentliche Garnende gebildet wird.The yarn formation point 13 is located in the region of an imaginary continuation of the wall 9 of the suction channel 7 through the cylindrical wall of the perforated roller 6, i.e. in the boundary area given by the wall 9 within the suction zone R. In practice, the yarn formation point appears as a rotating hollow tube consisting of fibers, with a relatively loose composition, in the interior of which the actual yarn end is formed.

Die gelochte Walze 6 dreht sich in die mit dem Pfeil U gekennzeichnete Richtung und transportiert dabei die im Oberflächenbereich Q an die gelochte Oberfläche abgegebenen Fasern zur Garnbildungsstelle 13.The perforated roller 6 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow U and thereby transports the fibers released in the surface region Q to the perforated surface to the yarn formation point 13.

Das fertige Garn wird durch ein Abzugswalzenpaar 14 in eine Abzugsrichtung a abgezogen.The finished yarn is drawn off in a draw-off direction a by a draw-off roller pair 14.

Die Länge (nicht gezeigt) der Saugzone R in Richtung der Garnbildungsstelle 13 gesehen, entspricht zumindest der Länge L der Mündung 11. Die Länge L und die lichte Weite D3 ergeben eine Mündung mit einer schlitzartigen Gestalt.The length (not shown) of the suction zone R in the direction of the yarn formation point 13 corresponds at least to the length L of the mouth 11. The length L and the clear width D3 result in a mouth with a slit-like shape.

Fig. 1 zeigt im weiteren den Faserzuführkanal 5 mit einer mit einem spitzen Winkel α gekennzeichneten Neigung, welcher schließlich den Winkel darstellt, der zwischen der mittleren Längsachse 20 des Faserzuführkanals und der Garnabzugsrichtung a liegt. In Fig. 1 ist dieser Winkel α jedoch bei der Stirnseitenwand 16 des Faserzuführkanals eingezeichnet, da in diesem Beispiel diese Stirnwand parallel zur Längsachse des Faserzuführkanals verläuft.1 further shows the fiber feed channel 5 with an inclination marked with an acute angle α, which finally represents the angle which lies between the central longitudinal axis 20 of the fiber feed channel and the yarn withdrawal direction a. In Fig. 1, however, this angle α is shown in the end wall 16 of the fiber feed channel, since in this example this end wall runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fiber feed channel.

Im übrigen ist die Mündung 11 im wesentlichen parallel und mit einem vorgegebenen Abstand A zur Garnbildungsstelle 13 vorgesehen.Otherwise, the mouth 11 is provided essentially parallel and at a predetermined distance A from the yarn formation point 13.

Vorausgesetzt, daß die gegenüberliegende obere Kanalwand 17 zur unteren Kanalwand 16 im wesentlichen parallel liegt, nimmt auch die Luftströmung im Kanal eine mindestens ähnliche Neigung zum Mündungsquerschnitt ein.Provided that the opposite upper channel wall 17 is substantially parallel to the lower channel wall 16, the air flow in the channel also has an at least similar tendency to the mouth cross section.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt, daß der Faserzuführkanal im Mündungsbereich einen stark verjüngten Teil mit der Höhe M aufweist, welcher von der Kanalweite D2 auf die Kanalweite D3 verjüngt ist.Fig. 2 shows that the fiber feed channel in the mouth region has a strongly tapered part with the height M, which is tapered from the channel width D2 to the channel width D3.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, erfolgt diese Verjüngung vorwiegend durch Neigung der in Fig. 2 rechten Längsseitenwand 21 des Faserzuführkanals 5. Die linke Seitenwand 23 verläuft dagegen zumindest im wesentlichen parallel zu der Symmetrieebene 22 zwischen der gelochten Walze 6 und der ungelochten Walze 19.As can be seen from FIG. 2, this tapering takes place primarily by inclining the longitudinal side wall 21 of the fiber feed channel 5 that is on the right in FIG. 2. The left one Side wall 23, on the other hand, runs at least substantially parallel to the plane of symmetry 22 between the perforated roller 6 and the non-perforated roller 19.

Diese Art der Verjüngung hat den besonderen Vorteil, daß die Fasern durch die geneigte rechte Längsseitenwand 21 zumindest im wesentlichen tangential an den Oberflächenbereich Q der gelochten Walze 10 abgegeben werden, was erfindungsgemäß wichtig ist.This type of taper has the particular advantage that the fibers are released through the inclined right longitudinal side wall 21 at least substantially tangentially to the surface area Q of the perforated roller 10, which is important according to the invention.

Im Betrieb werden die von den Nadeln 4 der Auflösewalze 1 vom Faserband abgelösten Fasern durch den im wesentlichen tangential zur Auflösewalze 1 an den Nadeln vorbeistreichenden Luftstrom Z erfaßt und als freifliegende Fasern 3 im Faserzuführkanal 5 weitergefördert. Der Luftstrom im Faserzuführkanal ist mit S bezeichnet.In operation, the fibers detached from the sliver by the needles 4 of the opening roller 1 are detected by the air flow Z passing the needles essentially tangentially to the opening roller 1 and conveyed further as free-floating fibers 3 in the fiber feed channel 5. The air flow in the fiber feed channel is denoted by S.

Dieser Luftstrom S wird im verjüngten Mündungsbereich mit der Höhe M entsprechend der Querschnittsveränderung, welche durch die Veränderung der lichten Weite des Faserzuführkanals 5 von D2 auf D3 gegeben ist, beschleunigt und anschließend durch die perforierte Friktionsspinntrommel 16 vom Saugkanal 7 aufgenommen.This air flow S is accelerated in the tapered mouth region with the height M in accordance with the change in cross-section, which is given by the change in the inside width of the fiber feed channel 5 from D2 to D3, and is then taken up by the suction channel 7 through the perforated friction spinning drum 16.

In dieser Beschleunigungszone erfährt die Luftströmung S eine Umlenkung gegen die Umfangsrichtung der perforierten Friktionsspinntrommel 6 hin, wie dies mit dem Bogen S1 des Pfeils S angedeutet ist, so daß der vordere Teil, in Strömungsrichtung gesehen, einer in Strömungsrichtung angelieferten Faser 3 in dieser Beschleunigungszone ebenfalls entsprechend der Luftströmung S umgelenkt, anschließend von der gelochten Walze erfaßt, was mit der Faserlage 3.1 dargestellt ist, und in Umfangsrichtung der gelochten Walze 6 abgezogen wird. Der hintere Teil dieser Faser wird im Luftstrom in Pfeilrichtung N (Fig. 1) weitergefördert, um letztlich in einer mit 3.2 gekennzeichneten Faserlage an die Oberfläche der gelochten Walze 6 abgegeben zu werden. Dabei hängt die Größe des diese letztgenannte Faserlage definierenden Winkels γ (Fig. 1) einerseits vom Verhältnis der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Luft vor dem Mündungsbereich mit der Höhe M zur Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der gelochten Walze 6, andererseits jedoch auch von der Höhe M selbst, von der Beschleunigung der Luft im vorgenannten Mündungsbereich sowie vom Neigungswinkel α des Faserzuführkanals ab. Beispielsweise ist der Winkel γ kleiner bei kleiner werdendem Winkel α, vorausgesetzt, daß das genannte Verhältnis zwischen Luftgeschwindigkeit und Umfangsgeschwindigkeit groß ist, die Höhe M der Neigung des Faserzuführkanals angepaßt und die Beschleunigung im genannten Mündungsbereich genügend groß ist, um das genannte vordere Ende der jeweiligen Faser genügend rasch gegen die gelochte Walze zu führen. Grundsätzlich muß bei kleiner werdendem Winkel α das genannte Verhältnis zwischen Luftgeschwindigkeit und Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der gelochten Walze größer werden und die Beschleunigung im genannten Mündungsbereich infolge der kleinen gewählten Höhe M vergrößert werden.In this acceleration zone, the air flow S undergoes a deflection against the circumferential direction of the perforated friction spinning drum 6, as indicated by the curve S1 of the arrow S, so that the front part, viewed in the direction of flow, of a fiber 3 delivered in the direction of flow also in this acceleration zone deflected according to the air flow S, then caught by the perforated roller, which is shown with the fiber layer 3.1, and is withdrawn in the circumferential direction of the perforated roller 6. The rear part of this fiber is conveyed further in the air flow in the direction of arrow N (FIG. 1), in order to ultimately reach the fiber layer in a 3.2 Surface of the perforated roller 6 to be released. The size of the angle γ (FIG. 1) defining this latter fiber layer depends on the one hand on the ratio of the flow velocity of the air in front of the mouth region with the height M to the peripheral speed of the perforated roller 6, but on the other hand also on the height M itself, on the acceleration of the Air in the aforementioned mouth area and from the angle of inclination α of the fiber feed channel. For example, the angle γ is smaller as the angle α becomes smaller, provided that the ratio between air speed and peripheral speed is large, the height M is adapted to the inclination of the fiber feed channel and the acceleration in the said mouth area is sufficiently large to allow the said front end of the respective one Guide the fiber fast enough against the perforated roller. Basically, when the angle α becomes smaller, the ratio between the air speed and the peripheral speed of the perforated roller must increase and the acceleration in the mouth region mentioned must be increased due to the small selected height M.

Es hat sich dabei gezeigt, daß die Geschwindigkeit der Förderluft in der Mündung um mindestens 50% höher als die Geschwindigkeit am Anfang des genannten Bereiches, d.h. bei der Kanalweite D2, sein muß, um eine genügend effektive Umlenkung eines vorderen Faserendes zu bewirken.It has been shown that the speed of the conveying air in the mouth is at least 50% higher than the speed at the beginning of the range mentioned, i.e. at the channel width D2, must be to effect a sufficiently effective deflection of a front fiber end.

Im weiteren soll der verjüngte Bereich vor der Mündung nur so hoch sein, daß es sich bei dem vorderen Ende einer von diesem Bereich erfaßten Faser im Maximum um ein Drittel der Länge einer mittleren zu verarbeitenden Faser handelt. Die Höhe M dieser Verjüngung ist deshalb bei etwa 10 mm zu wählen.Furthermore, the tapered area in front of the mouth should only be so high that the front end of a fiber covered by this area is a maximum of a third of the length of a medium fiber to be processed. The height M of this taper should therefore be selected at around 10 mm.

Im weiteren wurde festgestellt, daß die Geschwindigkeit der Förderluft in der Mündung 11 nicht mehr als das 5-fache der Geschwindigkeit in der Kanalweite D2 am Anfang dieses Bereiches sein soll. Vorteilhafterweise liegt die Geschwindigkeit der Förderluft in der Mündung 11 zwischen dem doppelten und dem 4-fachen der Geschwindigkeit in der Kanalweite D2.Furthermore, it was found that the speed of the conveying air in the mouth 11 should not be more than 5 times the speed in the channel width D2 at the beginning of this area. The speed of the conveying air in the mouth 11 is advantageously between twice and four times the speed in the channel width D2.

Hingegen ist es notwendig, daß die Geschwindigkeit des Luftstromes oberhalb des genannten verjüngten Bereiches größer als die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit der Oberfläche der gelochten Walze ist, um zu vermeiden, daß die Fasern im wesentlichen in der Bewegungsrichtung der gelochten Walze zu liegen kommen.On the other hand, it is necessary that the speed of the air flow above said tapered area is greater than the speed of movement of the surface of the perforated roller in order to avoid the fibers coming to lie substantially in the direction of movement of the perforated roller.

Ebenfalls hat es sich gezeigt, daß die Geschwindigkeit des Förderluftstromes oberhalb des verjüngten Bereiches mit kleiner werdendem Neigungswinkel α des Faserzuführkanals 5 größer sein muß, um die Faser in die Faserlage 3.2 mit dem gewünschten Winkel γ zu bringen. Beispielsweise soll bei einem Neigungswinkel des Faserzuführkanals zwischen 30 und 10 Winkelgraden, die genannte Luftgeschwindigkeit zwischen 15 m/Sek. und 100 m/Sek. betragen.It has also been shown that the speed of the conveying air flow above the tapered area must be greater as the angle of inclination α of the fiber feed channel 5 becomes smaller in order to bring the fiber into the fiber layer 3.2 with the desired angle γ. For example, at an angle of inclination of the fiber feed channel between 30 and 10 degrees, the air speed mentioned should be between 15 m / sec. and 100 m / sec. be.

Der Neigungswinkel γ der Fasern 3 in der Faserlage 3.2 wird ebenfalls verkleinert, wenn die Geschwindigkeit des genannten Luftstromes oberhalb des verjüngten Bereiches bei gleichbleibender Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Friktionsspinnmittels größer wird. Im Minimum muß die Geschwindigkeit des genannten Luftstroms doppelt so groß sein wie die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der gelochten Walze.The angle of inclination γ of the fibers 3 in the fiber layer 3.2 is also reduced if the speed of the air flow mentioned above the tapered area increases while the speed of movement of the friction spinning means remains the same. At a minimum, the speed of the air flow mentioned must be twice the peripheral speed of the perforated roller.

Viele der oben angestellten Überlegungen sind bereits in der EP-208 274 angegeben, wobei diese Schrift auch Angaben zu der bevorzugten Lochanordnung 52 enthält, die auch hier ihre Gültigkeit besitzt.Many of the considerations made above are already given in EP-208 274, this document also containing information on the preferred hole arrangement 52, which is also valid here.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Reihe von weiteren Abständen, die richtig gewählt in Kombination mit den oben in Erwägung gezogenen Maßnahmen zu einem günstigen Ergebnis führen. Dabei handelt es sich hier um den Abstand B zwischen der unteren Längskante 9 des Absaugkanals 7 und der die beiden Drehachsen der Walzen verbindenden Ebene 24, den Abstand C zwischen der oberen Längskante 8 des Absaugkanals 7 und der gleichen Ebene 24, den Abstand D zwischen der gelochten und der ungelochten Walze im engsten Spalt 25 in der Verbindungsebene 24, den radialen Abstand E zwischen der Längsseitenwand 21 des Faserzuführkanals 5 und der gelochten Walze 6, den radialen Abstand F zwischen der ungelochten Walze 19 und der linken Längsseitenwand 23 des Faserzuführkanals 5, und den Höhenunterschied G zwischen den linken und rechten Seitenwänden 23, 21 des Faserzuführkanals 5.FIG. 2 shows a number of further distances which, when correctly selected in combination with the measures considered above, lead to a favorable result. This is the distance B between the lower longitudinal edge 9 of the suction channel 7 and the plane 24 connecting the two axes of rotation of the rollers, the distance C between the upper longitudinal edge 8 of the suction channel 7 and the same plane 24, the distance D between the perforated and the non-perforated roller in the narrowest gap 25 in the connecting plane 24, the radial distance E between the longitudinal side wall 21 of the fiber feed channel 5 and the perforated roller 6, the radial distance F between the non-perforated roller 19 and the left longitudinal side wall 23 of the fiber feed channel 5, and the height difference G between the left and right side walls 23, 21 of the fiber feed channel 5.

Bei einem Durchmesser der zylindrischen Walzen 6 und 19 von jeweils 45 mm wurden bei einer praktischen Vorrichtung folgende Abmessungen gewählt:
A = 9 mm
B = 0,5 mm
C = 6 mm
D = 0,15 mm
E = 0,2 mm
F = 0,7 mm
G = 0,1 mm
M = 10 mm
α = 25°
Luftgeschwindigkeit an der Mündung des
Faserzuführkanals = 80 m/sek,
Unterdruck im Saugkanal 7 = 1500 mm Wassersäule,
Unterdruck im Faserzuführkanal in der Höhe 260 mm Wassersäule oberhalb der Mündung,
Abzuggeschwindigkeit des Garnes 200 m/Min.,
Oberflächengeschwindigkeit der beiden Walzen jeweils 550 m/sek,
Länge L der Mündung = 100 mm.With a diameter of the cylindrical rollers 6 and 19 of 45 mm each, the following dimensions were selected in a practical device:
A = 9 mm
B = 0.5 mm
C = 6 mm
D = 0.15 mm
E = 0.2 mm
F = 0.7 mm
G = 0.1 mm
M = 10 mm
α = 25 °
Air speed at the mouth of the
Fiber feed channel = 80 m / sec,
Negative pressure in suction channel 7 = 1500 mm water column,
Negative pressure in the fiber feed channel at a height of 260 mm water column above the mouth,
Take-off speed of the yarn 200 m / min.,
Surface speed of the two rollers each 550 m / sec,
Length L of the mouth = 100 mm.

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Mit diesen Abmessungen ist ein Garn von 20 tex aus Baumwollfasern mit einer Stapellänge von 1 1/16" (27 mm) gesponnen worden, dafür erhielt man folgende Garneigenschaften:
CV % Garn 15,4,
Festigkeit in Reißkilometer 9,8,
Dehnung E % 7,6,
CV P in Prozent 12.0,
Dünnstellen pro Kilometer 95,
Dickstellen pro Kilometer 75,
Nissen pro Kilometer 375.With these dimensions, a 20 tex yarn was spun from cotton fibers with a staple length of 1 1/16 "(27 mm), the following yarn properties were obtained:
CV% yarn 15.4,
Strength in tensile kilometers 9.8,
Elongation E% 7.6,
CV P in percent 12.0,
Thin spots per kilometer 95,
Thicknesses per kilometer 75,
Nits per kilometer 375.

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

Besondere Bedeutung kommt der Auswahl der beiden radialen Abstände E und F zu. Die angegebenen Werte von 0.2 mm bis 0.7 mm stellen ein Optimum dar, wobei auch relativ kleine Abweichungen zu einer merkbaren Verschlechterung des Unterdrucks im Faserzuführkanal und zu der Garnfestigkeit führen. Absolut unkritisch dagegen ist die Lage der Mündung 11 im Hinblick auf die Symmetrieebene 22. Obwohl die Fig. 2 eine symmetrische Lage zeigt, kann die Mündung nach links oder nach rechts in Fig. 2 "verschoben" werden, ohne daß dies zu geänderten Garnwerten führt, solang die angegebenen radialen Abstände durch Abschirmbleche oder geeignete Dicke der Längsseitenwände 21, 23 des Faserzuführkanals eingehalten werden.The selection of the two radial distances E and F is of particular importance. The specified values of 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm represent an optimum, whereby even relatively small deviations lead to a noticeable deterioration in the negative pressure in the fiber feed channel and to the yarn strength. In contrast, the position of the mouth 11 with respect to the plane of symmetry 22 is absolutely uncritical. Although FIG. 2 shows a symmetrical position, the mouth can be “shifted” to the left or to the right in FIG. 2 without this leading to changed yarn values , as long as the specified radial distances are maintained by shielding plates or a suitable thickness of the longitudinal side walls 21, 23 of the fiber feed channel.

Claims (5)

  1. A friction spinning apparatus consisting of the combination of the following features:
    a) a perforated cylindrical roller (6), rotatable about its axis in a first direction of rotation (U), with a suction nozzle (7) provided therein which comprises an opening (11) in form of an elongated slot extending substantially parallel to the axis of rotation, which opening is formed between a first (8) and a second longitudinal edge (9) of the suction nozzle, whereby the longitudinal edges (8, 9) of the suction nozzle lie in the ultimate vicinity of the inner side of the perforated inner wall (10) of the perforated cylindrical roller;
    b) a second unperforated cylindrical roller (19) which is rotatable about its axis in the same direction of rotation (U) as the first perforated roller (6), with the axis of rotation of the unperforated roller being parallel to the axis of rotation of the perforated roller and the two rollers forming the narrowest gap (25) between them in a connecting plane (24) comprising the two axes of rotation;
    c) a fibre feed duct (5) which is arranged on the side where the surface of the perforated roller (6) turns into the narrowest gap (25) and the surface of the unperforated roller (19) turns out from the narrowest gap (25);
    d) the diameter of the two rollers (6, 19) lies in the range from 40 to 60 mm, whereby the ratio of the diameter of the perforated roller to that of the unperforated roller is in the range from 0.5 to 2, preferably between 0.75 and 1.50 and in particular approx. 1.00;
    e) the distance between the surfaces of the rollers (6, 19) is between 0.10 and 0.35 mm in the narrowest gap;
    f) the second longitudinal edge (9) of the suction nozzle (7) adjacent to the narrowest gap (25) of the plane (24) connecting the two axes of rotation is provided at a distance (B) which lies within the range from 2 mm on the side of the plane averted from the fibre feed duct up to 2 mm on the side of said plane showing towards the fibre feed duct;
    g) the first longitudinal edge (8) of the suction nozzle is provided with a distance (C) in the range of 4 mm to 10 mm from the plane (24) connecting the two axes of rotation to the side of said plane showing towards the fibre feed duct;
    h) the longitudinal side wall (21) of the fibre feed duct (5) adjacent to the surface of the perforated roller (6) forms an angle in the range of 0 to 20 degrees of angle with a plane of symmetry (22) through the narrowest gap (25) which is vertical to the said plane (24) connecting the two axes of rotation, whereby said angle is measured on the end section of said longitudinal side wall showing towards said narrowest gap (25);
    i) the longitudinal side wall (23) of the fibre feed duct (5) adjacent to the surface of the unperforated roller (19) forms an angle in the range of -10 to +10 degrees of angle with the said plane of symmetry, which angle is measured on the end section of said longitudinal side wall (23) showing towards the narrowest gap, whereby the fibre guidance on the perforated roller is made, to the utmost extent, in a plane tangential to said roller by the selection of the two latter angles as well as the individual air streams;
    j) the height (A) of the central line of the opening (11) formed by the longitudinal edges (21, 23) of the fibre feed duct (5) showing towards the narrowest gap above the plane connecting the two axes of rotation are at least 7 mm, in particular 8 to 13 mm and preferably approx. 10 mm;
    k) the longitudinal side (23) of the fibre feed duct showing towards the unperforated roller (19) extends so far, but not more than 1 mm farther in the direction of the plane (24) connecting the two axes of rotation than the longitudinal wall (21) of the fibre feed duct adjacent to the perforated roller;
    l) the width (D3) of the said opening (11) of the fibre feed duct lies in the range of 0.75 to 2 mm;
    m) the speed of the air stream (S) guiding the fibres (3) in the fibre feed duct (5) is within the range of 50 to 100 m/sec at the opening (11) of the fibre feed duct;
    n) the pressure below atmospheric in the fibre feed duct (5) as measured at a position 10 m above the opening is within the range of 110 mm water column up to 300 mm water column;
    o) the radial distance (E) between the surface of the perforated roller (6) and the longitudinal side wall (21) of the fibre feed duct adjacent thereto is within the range from 0.1 to 0.5 mm, preferably approx. 0.2 mm;
    p) the radial distance (F) between the unperforated roller (19) and the longitudinal side wall (23) of the fibre feed duct adjacent thereto is within the range from 1.0 to 0.5 mm, preferably approx. 0.7 mm;
    q) the yarn-forming position (13) lies between the opening (11) of the fibre feed duct (5) and the narrowest gap;
    r) the angle A between the central longitudinal axis (20) of the fibre feed duct (5) and the yarn draw-off direction (a) forms an acute angle in the range from 15 to 40°;
    s) the yarn draw-off speed lies in the range from 150 to 300 m/min;
    t) the surface speed of the perforated roller (6) lies in the range of 300 to 1200 m/min;
    u) the surface speed of the unperforated roller (19) lies in the range of 95 to 105% of the surface speed of the perforated roller (6) and it is preferably at least substantially equivalent to said surface speed.
  2. A friction spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized by a further feature,
    v) that the vast majority of the fibres is deposited on the surface of the perforated roller and is supplied in this manner to the yarn building position.
  3. A friction spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
    w) at least 90 % of the fibres (3) form with their rear ends an angle (Ò) to the plane of the yarn draw-off direction (a) in the range from 0° to 50° during the inclusion of their forward ends into the yarn end.
  4. A friction spinning process as claimed in one of the previous claims, characterized in that
    x) the length (L) of the slot-like opening (11) of the fibre feed duct (5) is at least 70 mm, in particular in the range from 80 to 130 mm and preferably approx. 100 mm.
  5. A friction spinning process as claimed in one of the previous claims, characterized by the particular combination of the following features, according to which:
    1) the distance (D) of the perforated roller (6) and the unperforated roller (19) in the narrowest gap (25) is 0.15 mm;
    2) the second longitudinal edge (9) of the suction nozzle (7) lies on the side arranged reversly to the fibre feed duct of the said plane (24) connecting the two axes of rotation and has a distance (B) of 0.5 mm therefrom;
    3) the first longitudinal edge (8) of the suction nozzle has a distance (C) of 6 mm from the said connecting plane;
    4) the end section of the of the longitudinal side wall (23) of the fibre feed duct adjacent to the unperforated roller lies at least substantially parallel to the said plane of symmetry (22) and its edge adjacent to the said plane (24) connecting the two axes of rotation has a distance (A) of 9 mm to the latter;
    5) the radial distance (E) of the longitudinal side wall (21) of the fibre feed duct adjacent to the perforated roller (6) is 0.2 mm to said roller;
    6) the radial distance (F) of the longitudinal said wall (23) of the fibre feed duct adjacent to the unperforated roller (19) is 0.7 mm from said roller;
    7) the width (D3) of the opening (11) of the fibre feed duct is 1.0 mm, whereby said dimensions are used, in particular, for building a yarn from cotton fibres in the range of 15-50 tex at a yarn draw-off speed of 150-300 m/min and at a strength of more than 8 [cN/tex].
EP89116568A 1988-09-21 1989-09-07 Friction-spinning apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0363649B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3832110 1988-09-21
DE3832110A DE3832110A1 (en) 1988-09-21 1988-09-21 FRICTION SPIDER DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0363649A1 EP0363649A1 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0363649B1 true EP0363649B1 (en) 1994-11-30

Family

ID=6363440

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89116568A Expired - Lifetime EP0363649B1 (en) 1988-09-21 1989-09-07 Friction-spinning apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4938018A (en)
EP (1) EP0363649B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02112422A (en)
AT (1) ATE114743T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3832110A1 (en)
RU (1) RU1814666C (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4223833A1 (en) * 1992-07-20 1994-01-27 Schlafhorst & Co W Friction spinning unit avoiding abrupt stops - utilises friction disc for fibre delivery to yarn formation groove

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2714089C2 (en) * 1977-03-30 1986-07-31 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5630 Remscheid Device for spinning a thread from individual fibers
AT364292B (en) * 1980-03-17 1981-10-12 Fehrer Ernst DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A YARN
DE3114093C2 (en) * 1980-04-19 1986-06-05 Hollingsworth (U.K.) Ltd., Accrington, Lancashire Roller for a friction spinning device
DE3308250A1 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-13 Stahlecker, Fritz, 7347 Bad Überkingen OE FRICTION SPIDER
AT385283B (en) * 1983-07-13 1988-03-10 Fehrer Textilmasch DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A YARN
GB8421439D0 (en) * 1984-08-23 1984-09-26 Manchester Inst Science Tech Production of yarns
IN165403B (en) * 1984-09-25 1989-10-07 Rieter Ag Maschf
DE3441493A1 (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-15 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt OPEN-END SPIDER
DE3441492A1 (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-22 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt OPEN-END SPIDER
GB2168390B (en) * 1984-12-18 1988-02-03 Hollingsworth Uk Ltd Friction spinning apparatus
DE3521665A1 (en) * 1985-06-18 1987-01-02 Rieter Ag Maschf FRICTION SPIDER FOR A FRICTION SPIDER DEVICE
IN167316B (en) * 1985-07-12 1990-10-06 Rieter Ag Maschf
IN171021B (en) * 1987-04-27 1992-07-04 Rieter Ag Maschf

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
keine *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0363649A1 (en) 1990-04-18
US4938018A (en) 1990-07-03
JPH02112422A (en) 1990-04-25
RU1814666C (en) 1993-05-07
ATE114743T1 (en) 1994-12-15
DE3832110A1 (en) 1990-03-29
DE58908687D1 (en) 1995-01-12

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