EP0178466B1 - Method and device for making a yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of, and apparatus for, producing a yarn uses a friction spinning device comprising a perforated first friction spinning drum and a second friction spinning drum which can also be perforated. Two fiber feed passages project to the first friction spinning drum and are each supplied by opening assemblies which individualize or individually separate the fibers. The fibers are transported toward the first friction spinning drum using a feed air stream in the fiber passages. This feed air stream is produced by the first friction spinning drum which is maintained under sub-pressure. Advantageously, the fiber double-feed to the friction spinning drum permits supplying two different fiber types to the same yarn end. Also, different inclinations of the fibers at the friction spinning drum can be obtained by different inclinations of the fiber feed passages in order to produce yarns of different character. The first and second friction spinning drums can be each divided into cooperating drum sections to define a first pair of coacting drum sections and spaced therefrom a second pair of coacting drum sections. The respective pairs of drum sections can be operated at different rotational speeds and can be subjected to different vacuum conditions.

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a yarn or the like. according to the preamble of claim 1 or claim 8.

From CH-PS 623 362 a device for spinning a thread according to the open-end friction spinning principle is known, in which two perforated, pressurized friction spinning drums spin the individual fibers fed into channels into a yarn. The fibers are fed in a channel to each spinning drum in the direction of movement of the spinning drum, i.e. fibers are fed into both gusset gaps. This creates the disadvantage that the yarn formation point must necessarily be provided at the narrowest point between the rollers, whereby the free space at this narrowest point, due to the constantly changing thickness of the yarn end located therein, is subject to constant change.

Another disadvantage of this device is the need for both friction spinning drums to be perforated and to be under negative pressure in order to guide the fibers released onto the drum into the corresponding gusset gap at the yarn formation point.

Likewise, the device is very complex and bulky due to the double-sided feeding of the fibers.

Furthermore, an open-end friction spinning device is known from DE-OS 3 242 801, which comprises two friction spinning drums running parallel to one another, at least one of which is perforated. A suction channel is connected to this, which generates an air flow in order to hold staple fibers supplied to the friction spinning drum on the surface of the friction spinning drum so that they can be fed to a yarn formation point.

The staple fibers are released from their fiber structure by a first and a second known dissolving device and fed to the friction spinning drum at two fiber transfer points arranged next to one another in the yarn take-off direction.

Because of the scattering of the fibers, this leads to a successive fiber covering, so that the fibers form a uniform fiber pile, which is spun into a yarn at the yarn formation point.

With this known open-end friction spinning device, yarns can now be produced from one or two different staple fiber components; however, the distribution of the staple fibers over the yarn cross section cannot be influenced. Rather, there is always a uniform mixing of the staple fibers in the finished yarn.

In addition, a friction spinning process is known from AT-PS 373 634, in which a stretched fiber sliver is wound with staple fibers. For this purpose, a friction spinning device is used which has two perforated spinning drums which are arranged parallel to one another in their direction of rotation and through which an air stream is sucked off in each case.

The fiber sliver is fed to a gusset area serving as a yarn formation point between the spinning drums in the yarn take-off direction. The parallelized staple fibers triggered by a drafting system from a fiber structure are fed directly to the gusset area between the spinning drums in order to be spun around the fiber sliver as sheath fibers.

A major disadvantage of this known device is that both spinning drums must be perforated and must be under negative pressure, since this is the only way to ensure that the staple fibers are properly fed. In addition, it is disadvantageous that two fundamentally different devices are required to feed the different fiber materials to be spun, which devices must also be spatially separated from one another, which leads to a complex and undesirably voluminous friction spinning device.

From US-A-4 209 965 a friction spinning device is known in which staple fibers are transferred from a converging fiber feed device to a perforated drum. A pressure roller is provided just above the fiber transfer point, which forms a nip point with the perforated drum. A further fiber feed device is arranged behind the clamping point in the yarn take-off direction, with which further staple fibers are transferred to the perforated drum.

Following the second fiber transfer point in the yarn take-off direction, the fiber sliver formed on the drum 22 is guided over a rotating friction disk, so that the sliver is spun into the yarn.

In this known spinning device, the staple fibers are thus transferred purely pneumatically at the two transfer points, with the staple fibers being swirled pneumatically at the first fiber transfer point.

The invention is based on the object of creating a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset, by means of which more than one fiber feed per yarn formation can be realized in the simplest possible way, in order thereby to effect a specific distribution of the fibers in the finished yarn, at the same time, the best possible parallelism of the staple fibers of a component is provided with one another.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a generic method with the characterizing features of patent claim 1, which can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner by a generic friction spinning device with the characterizing features of patent claim 8.

The transfer of mechanically guided staple fibers according to the invention to a friction spinning means at two fiber delivery points arranged one after the other in the yarn take-off direction means that the staple fibers transferred from the first fiber delivery point and the staple fibers transferred from the second fiber delivery point can be located on the periphery of the finished yarn. The individual transfer parameters, such as transfer speed and transfer angle at the individual fiber delivery points, can not only be set independently of one another, but can also be easily maintained for the individual staple fibers of the two fiber components.

Thus, the increase in the staple fibers of the two fiber components in the finished yarn can be chosen differently without causing an undesirable mixing of the two fiber components, the staple fibers of one component being aligned with one another in accordance with the set pitch, since the fibers do not fly freely during the process .

Yarns can thus be produced in which either long or short staple fibers, natural fibers or synthetic fibers can be provided on the inside or outside.

In addition, the production of coarse yarns, for example smaller than Ne 16, can be carried out by dissolving the sliver fed to the pulping unit, which allows the fibers to be separated before they are released onto the friction spinning agent, which is advantageous for the spinning process.

Due to the various setting options for individual manufacturing parameters of the yarn achieved by the method according to the invention, the method according to the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner for the production of fantasy yarns.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of drawings which illustrate exemplary embodiments only.

• Fig. 1 eine Längsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung (nur teilweise gezeigt), schematisch dargestellt,
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht eines Teiles der Vorrichtung von Fig. 1, in Richtung I gesehen dargestellt,
• Fig. 3 und 5 je eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Fig. 1, teilweise und schematisch dargestellt,
• Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht eines Teiles der Vorrichtung von Fig. 3, in Richtung II gesehen dargestellt,
• Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung von Fig. 5,
• Fig. 7 eine Ansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, schematisch dargestellt,
• Fig. 8 eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung von Fig. 7, teilweise dargestellt,
• Fig. 9 einen Schnitt durch die Fig. 7, entsprechend der Linien 111,
• Fig. 10 eine Längsansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung (nur teilweise gezeigt), schematisch dargestellt,
• Fig. 11 eine Seitenansicht eines Teiles der Vorrichtung von Fig. 10, in Richtung IV gesehen dargestellt,
• Fig. 12 eine Ansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, schematisch dargestellt,
• Fig. 13 eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung von Fig. 12 (teilweise gezeigt),
• Fig. 14 eine Längsansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, schematisch dargestellt,
• Fig. 15 eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Fig. 14,
• Fig. 16 eine weitere Variante der Vorrichtung von Fig. 14, in Blickrichtung V (Fig. 17) gesehen,
• Fig. 17 eine Längsansicht, in Blickrichtung VI (Fig. 16), der Vorrichtung von Fig. 16 ausführlicher dargestellt,
• Fig. 18 eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung von Fig. 17, teilweise dargestellt.

Show it:

• 1 is a longitudinal view of a device according to the invention (only partially shown), shown schematically,
• 2 shows a side view of part of the device of FIG. 1, viewed in the direction I,
• 3 and 5 each show a variant of the device of FIG. 1, partially and schematically,
• 4 shows a side view of part of the device of FIG. 3, viewed in the direction II,
• 6 is a top view of the device of FIG. 5;
• 7 is a view of a further device according to the invention, shown schematically,
• 8 is a top view of the device of FIG. 7, partially shown,
• 9 shows a section through FIG. 7, corresponding to lines 111,
• 10 shows a longitudinal view of a further device according to the invention (only partially shown), shown schematically,
• 11 is a side view of part of the device of FIG. 10, viewed in the direction IV,
• 12 is a view of a further device according to the invention, shown schematically,
• 13 is a top view of the device of FIG. 12 (shown partially),
• 14 shows a longitudinal view of a further device according to the invention, shown schematically,
• 15 shows a variant of the device from FIG. 14,
• 16 shows a further variant of the device from FIG. 14, viewed in viewing direction V (FIG. 17),
• FIG. 17 shows a longitudinal view, in viewing direction VI (FIG. 16), of the device from FIG. 16 in more detail,
• Fig. 18 is a top view of the device of Fig. 17, partially shown.

Fig. 1 shows schematically one known from the rotor-open-end spinning unit 1 or 2, which is fed with a sliver 3 or 4. Well-known trough plates 5 and 6 and feed rollers 7 and 8, collectively referred to as fiber feeding elements, are also used for this feeding.

The dissolving units 1 and 2 each contain an opening roller (not shown) provided with needles or teeth, which releases fibers from the sliver 3 or 4 and transfers them to a fiber conveying channel 9 or 10 connected to the opening unit 1 or 2, respectively.

At the outlet mouth 11 and 12 of the fiber conveying channel 9 and 10, respectively, the fibers 13 are delivered in a position identified by 13.1 to the surface of a first friction spinning drum 14 known per se, which is moved in the direction of arrow U.

This first friction spinning drum 14 is perforated (not shown) and provided on the inside with a suction channel 15 (FIG. 2) which is known per se and which is connected by means of a connection 16 to a vacuum source (not shown). By means of this suction duct 15, air is sucked into an area S delimited by the duct walls 15a and 15b through the perforated first spinning drum, so that on the one hand air for pneumatic fiber transport is sucked through the fiber conveying ducts 9 and 10 and on the other hand the fibers 13 in position 13.1 this sucked-in air is held on the spinning drum surface and transported to the yarn end 17 located in the yarn formation point 18 so that these fibers can be taken up by the yarn end 17 and rotated to this yarn end.

The finished yarn 19 is drawn off in the pull-off direction G by take-off rollers 20.

In Fig. 2, in which the fiber feed elements 5, respectively. 6 and 7 resp. 8 and the slivers 3 respectively. 4 not, but only one the respective sliver on the pulping unit 1 resp. 2 receiving opening 21 respectively. 22 (only indicated in Fig. 1) is a second, with the first Frik tion spinning drum 14 cooperating known friction spinning drum 23 shown. This second friction spinning drum 23 can also be perforated and provided with a suction channel 24 known per se.

The friction spinning drums 14 and 23 are each rotatably and drivably arranged in a manner known per se, which is shown in FIG. 1 with a dash-dotted line M and in FIG. 2 with a cross M and. N is indicated. The rotatability and driveability of the opening rollers (not shown) of the opening units 1 and 2, and that of the feed rollers 7 and 8 and the take-off rollers 20 is also known per se and is shown below either with a cross with the designation K or with a dash-dotted line Axis with the designation K indicated.

• 1. Ein Garn aus mindestens zwei sich wesentlich unterscheidenden Stapellängen, in welchem die Fasern von kürzerer Stapellänge im inneren und die Fasern von größerer Stapellänge im äußeren Bereich des Garnquerschnittes vorgesehen sind.
• 2. Ein Garn, welches im inneren Querschnittsbereich aus Kunstfasern und im äußeren Bereich aus Naturfasern besteht.
• 3. Weiter ein Garn, bei welchem die Fasern im inneren Bereich eine andere Steigung aufweisen als die Fasern im äußeren Bereich.
• 4. Durch zeitweise Unterbrechung der Zulieferung der äußeren Fasern besteht die Möglichkeit, ein Phantasiegarn zu erzeugen.

In Fig. 1 is further with dashed lines. shown with dash-dotted lines that the fiber feed channels can be designed with a different inclination, marked with an angle a, with the mouth length L remaining the same. With a changed inclination a, the inclination of the fibers 13.1 marked with the angle y can be determined under certain conditions, the speed of the movement U and the speed of the air, respectively. of the fibers 13 in the area taking into account the conditions to be changed, in such a way that the angle y also becomes smaller as the angle a decreases. In the manufacture of the yarn there is the possibility, for example, of producing the following different types of yarn due to these variations in the fiber position angle y and due to the double feed shown and the variants described later with FIGS. 14 to 18:

• 1. A yarn of at least two substantially different stack lengths, in which the fibers of shorter stack length are provided in the inside and the fibers of longer stack length in the outer region of the yarn cross section.
• 2. A yarn which consists of synthetic fibers in the inner cross-sectional area and natural fibers in the outer area.
• 3. Another yarn in which the fibers in the inner region have a different pitch than the fibers in the outer region.
• 4. By temporarily interrupting the supply of the outer fibers, it is possible to create a fantasy thread.

3 and 4, a variant of the device shown with FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown. Accordingly, the same elements or the elements that function in the same way are provided with the same reference symbols.

The difference is that the opening units 1 and 2, viewed in the axial direction of the first friction spinning drum 14, are arranged offset from one another, so that the slivers 3 and 4 can be brought to the opening units 1 and 2 essentially at the same height.

In order to arrange the orifices 11 and 12 of the fiber conveying channels 9 and 10 one behind the other in this variant, viewed in the axial direction of the first friction spinning drum 14, these conveying channels, as shown in FIG. 4, must be arranged inclined to one another. The fiber conveyor channel assigned to the opening unit 1, which is inclined to the right (viewed with a view of FIG. 4), is identified by 9.1 and the fiber unit which is assigned to the opening unit 2, correspondingly inclined to the left, is identified by 10.1.

In a variant of FIG. 4, not shown, the fiber feed channels can be arranged in the manner shown in FIG. 2 without inclination with respect to one another, so that the openings, viewed in the axial direction of the first friction spinning roller, are arranged at a distance from one another. With such a variant, the transport path of the fibers discharged from the pulping unit 1 on the friction spinning roller 14 is inevitably longer than that of the fibers discharged from the pulping unit 2.

5 and 6 show a second variant, in which the opening rollers of the opening units 1 and 2 assembled in this variant are arranged coaxially.

Accordingly, with the reference numerals 9.2 and 10.2 marked fiber feed channels are offset from one another and arranged inclined to one another, so that the orifices 11 and 12 are arranged substantially one behind the other, viewed in the axial direction of the friction spinning drum 14. The remaining elements of these figures correspond to those of the device of FIGS. 1 and 2 and are accordingly provided with the same reference numerals.

For the sake of simplicity, the draw-off roller 20 and the yarn 19 are not shown in FIG. 6.

As described for FIG. 4, in a variant (not shown) the fiber feed channels can be arranged without inclination with respect to one another, so that the orifices, as seen in the axial direction of the first friction spinning roller, are arranged at a distance from one another.

A further variant is shown in FIG. 7, in that the first friction spinning means is a friction spinning disc 50 and the second friction spinning means is a tapered roller 51.

The friction spinning disc 50 is perforated (not shown) and is rotatably and drivably mounted in the direction Q by means of a shaft 52 (not shown). Furthermore, the tapered roller 51 has a closed outer surface and is rotatably and drivably supported in the direction R by means of a shaft 53 (not shown).

Two fiber conveying channels 54 and 55 (only 55 shown in FIG. 7) are each connected to a previously described opening unit 1 and 2 (not shown in FIGS. 7-9) and each extend with their orifices 56 and 57 (in FIG. 8 indicated by dash-dotted lines) with a distance H to the surface of the friction spinning disc 50. As indicated by an angle β (FIG. 7), the fiber conveying channels 54 and 55 are in a position inclined towards the rear, as viewed in the direction Q. the friction spinning disc 50 is arranged. The angle β is enclosed by an imaginary plane of symmetry E of the fiber feed channels 54 and 55 and the surface of the friction spinning disc 50.

A suction channel 58 is provided on the underside (as viewed in FIG. 7) of the friction spinning disc 50 in such a way that fibers emitted from the orifices 56 and 57 onto the disc 50 due to the air flowing through the disc and moving in the direction Q. Disc are transported to a yarn formation point 59 located in the gusset gap of the tapered roller and the friction spinning disc 50. At this yarn formation point 59, the fibers are twisted into yarn 19 and drawn off from take-off rollers 20.

The suction channel 58 is connected to a vacuum source (not shown) by a connecting pipe 61.

In the devices described so far, the fibers released by the disintegration units were pneumatically passed on to the first friction spinning means by means of the fiber conveying channels. In the devices still to be described with FIGS. 10-13, however, the fibers at their front part are already gripped by the first friction spinning means when the fibers with their rear part are still held by the needles or teeth of the opening rollers. Accordingly, the fibers are never free-flying in the entire process.

10 and 11 directly above the first friction spinning drum 14, as seen in the axial direction of the drum, two opening units 1 and 2 are provided one behind the other such that the axes of rotation K of the opening rollers (not shown) are arranged parallel to one another.

A on the resolver 1 or 2 provided outlet nozzle 70 respectively. 71 forms the fiber and air-guiding connecting element between trigger unit 1 and. 2 and first friction spinning drum 14. In this first friction spinning drum 14, a suction channel 15.1 is provided in a manner analogous to that in the devices described with FIGS. 1-6, which has a suction zone S.1 on the friction spinning drum with its walls 15.1a and 15.1b 14 delimits on which the fibers are transported into the yarn formation point 18 at the yarn end 17.

As already described earlier, the second friction spinning drum 23 can be provided with a suction channel 24 (shown with dash-dotted lines in FIG. 11), provided that the friction spinning drum is also perforated. Without this suction channel 24, the second friction spinning drum 23 has a full outer surface.

The suction duct 15.1 is connected to the vacuum source (not shown) by means of the suction nozzle 16.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a device in which, in comparison to the device of FIGS. 7-9, instead of the fiber feed channels 54 and 55, the disintegration units 1 and 2 are arranged directly above the surface of the friction spinning disc 50. An outlet nozzle 80 respectively. 81 forms the mouth of the opening unit 1 and 2 to the surface of the friction spinning disc 50. The maximum distance between the outlet ports 80 and 81 and the friction disc 50 is 1 mm and is denoted by H.

The remaining elements correspond to the device described with FIGS. 7-9 and accordingly have the same reference numerals.

For the sake of simplicity, the sliver feed elements, to each of which the feed roller 7, respectively. 8 and the trough plate 5, respectively. 6, only the feed openings 21 and 22 of the opening units 1 and 2 are shown.

In operation, the friction spinning disc 50 in the suction area of the suction channel 58.1 has a surface speed which is equal to or slightly greater than the respective circumferential speed of the opening rollers (not shown) of the opening units 1 and 2, whereby the fibers are essentially designated as 13.2 in Fig. 13 Take position and be fed to the yarn formation point 59 in this position.

The axes K of the opening rollers of the opening units do not necessarily have to have a radial direction, they can be staggered, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 13.

The taper of the tapered roller 51 is adapted to the radial decrease in the surface speed of the friction spinning disc 50 such that the peripheral speed of the tapered roller corresponds to this surface speed.

The finished yarn 19 formed in the gusset between the tapered roller 51 and the surface of the friction spinning disc 50 at the yarn formation point 59 is drawn off by the pair of take-off rollers 20.

Furthermore, FIG. 14 shows a variant of the device of FIGS. 1 and 2, in that the first and the second friction spinning drums are each divided into two friction spinning drums which can be rotated and driven independently of one another, of which only the first two friction spinning drums 90 and 91 are shown.

Furthermore, the two first friction spinning drums 90 and 91 are each equipped with a suction channel (not shown), which functions in the same way as the channel 15 shown in FIG. 2. Likewise, as shown and described with FIGS. 1 and 2, the second friction spinning drum, not shown in FIG. 14, can be perforated and cooperate with the first, and each equipped with a suction channel 24 that corresponds to the suction channel 24 (FIG. 2).

The drives of the friction spinning drums and the axial space between the drums 90 and 91 are designed such that the suction channels mentioned can be connected to vacuum sources (not shown) (not shown).

The remaining elements correspond to those of the device of FIGS. 1 and 2 and accordingly have the same reference numerals.

In the operation of the variant according to FIG. 14, the dissolving unit 1 feeds fibers by means of the fiber conveying channel 9 to the friction spinning drum 90 closer to the take-off rollers 20 and the dissolving unit 2 fibers by means of the fiber conveying channel 10 to the friction spinning drum 91 located further away.

The independent drives and suction channels of the friction spinning drums 90 and 91 make it possible, on the one hand, to rotate them at different speeds and, on the other hand, to apply different negative pressure, which means that the fibers in the inner and the fibers in the outer cross-sectional area of the yarn 19 have a different rotation can be issued because not only the speed of the friction spinning drums 90 and 91 but also the negative pressure inside them is decisive for the rotation of the fiber at the end of the yarn. In addition, the gap width of the two friction drum pairs can be different and adjustable.

When building up the yarn, the fibers on the more distant friction spinning drum 91 at the yarn formation point 93 form the inner yarn area and the fibers on the closer friction spinning drum 90 at the yarn formation point 92 form the outer yarn area.

A variant of the device of FIG. 14 is shown with FIG. 15. The friction drum bearing, which is more distant from the take-off rollers 20 (only the first drum 91 of which is shown in FIG. 15), is offset axially parallel, as viewed in FIG. 15, so that the yarn part produced at this yarn formation point 93 is pulled off in the yarn take-off direction G is drawn over the drum edges (only the drum edge 100 of the first friction spinning drum 91 is shown in FIG. 15).

In order to prevent even a partial lifting of this yarn part onto the next friction spinning drums, as seen in the yarn take-off direction G (only the first friction spinning drum 90 is shown in FIG. 15), a yarn guide element 95 can be provided between the two pairs of drums.

The remaining elements correspond to the elements of the device shown in FIG. 14 and are accordingly provided with the same reference numerals.

This "pulling over the drum edges _" results in an increase in the yarn tension in the yarn part between the take-off roller pair 20 and the more distant friction spinning drum pair, which is desirable for the strengthening of the yarn structure. However, it goes without saying that such an arrangement is only suitable for fiber mixtures which suit one Resist tearing of the yarn part immediately after the drum edge 100, viewed in the yarn take-off direction G. The suitability of such a yarn mixture must therefore be clarified from case to case.

If necessary, in a variant not shown, the more distant pair of friction spinning drums can be arranged lower, as viewed in FIG. 15, than the closer pair of friction spinning drums, so that the braking effect on the front drum edges, as seen in yarn take-off direction G, is closer to that of the take-off roller pair 20 Drum pair is created. In this way, the yarn piece created at the more distant yarn formation point 93 is not additionally loaded, viewed in the yarn direction.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the "pulling over the drum edges _" cannot be carried out only with the aid of the two variants mentioned. It is entirely possible to offset the two pairs of drums in different other ways, not shown, so that one of the The two braking effects mentioned occur, whereby the axes of rotation K of the drum pairs do not always have to be arranged axially parallel.

Ultimately, a yarn is produced with the device shown in FIGS. 16-18, the fibers of which have a direction of rotation in the inner region which is opposite to the direction of rotation of the fibers located in the outer region of the yarn.

The device comprises, in addition to additional parts listed later, the parts described with FIG. 14. Accordingly, the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

In addition to the parts of FIG. 14 already described, FIG. 18 also shows the second friction spinning drum 96, which cooperates with the first friction spinning drum 90, which is closer to the pair of draw-off rollers, and the second friction spinning drum 97, which cooperates with the first friction spinning drum 91, which is further away from the pair of draw-off rollers 20 shown.

16 and 18 that the direction of rotation P of the "closer _" friction spinning drums 90 and 96 is opposite to the direction of rotation T of the "more distant _" friction spinning drum. Accordingly, since the fiber conveying channels always open against the friction spinning drums 90 and 91 which promote the fibers in the gusset gap, the orifices 98 and 99, as viewed in the direction of FIG. 18, are arranged offset to one another. The fiber conveying channel which opens 90 against the «closer» first friction spinning drum is designated 9.3 and its mouth with 98 and the fiber conveying channel which opens into the «more distant» first friction spinning drum 91 is designated 10.3 and its mouth 99.

Due to the opposite direction of rotation mentioned, fibers delivered to the respective yarn formation point 92 or 93 are turned into the yarn 19 in opposite directions of rotation.

A yarn produced in this way has little or no tendency to curl.

The number of fibers in the inner and outer area of the yarn can be varied with the help of a variable fiber supply.

Claims (19)

1. A method of manufacturing a yarn (19) or the like in which fibers (13, 13.1, 13.2) are separated out from a fiber sliver (3, 4) and are transferred for the formation of the yarn at two or more fiber transfer positions (11, 12; 56, 57; 70, 71; 80, 81; 98, 99) to at least one friction spinning means (14, 50, 90, 91) at which the yarn is formed at at least one yarn formation position (18, 59, 92, 93), and in which the finished yarn is drawn-off in a given direction (G), with the friction spinning means having a perforated surface through which an air flow is sucked by means of which the fibers are transferred to the surface, characterized in that the fibers are transferred in the same direction to the friction spinning means (singular) or to the friction spinning means (plural) with the fiber transfer positions (11, 12; 56, 57; 70, 71; 80, 81; 98, 99) being arranged after one another as seen in the yarn take-off direction; and in that the fibers (13, 13.2) separated out of the fiber sliver (3, 4) by the opening means (1, 2) essentially in accordance with the open end method are subsequently transferred to the friction spinning means (14, 50) with direct mechanical guidance by the opening means such that the rear end of the fibers as seen in the transport direction of the fibers is still held by the opening means (1, 2) when the front end of the fibers has already been engaged by the surface of the friction spinning means.

2. Method in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the fibers are conveyed against the surface of a friction spinning means by a conveying air stream after they have been separated out from the fiber sliver.

3. Method in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers on the named surface are passed over to the yarn formation position (18) lying on surface in an essentially extended state and in a position inclined rearwardly (characterized in Fig. 1 by the angle y) as seen in the take-off direction of the yarn.

4. Method in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that the fibers of the one fiber transfer position are transferred to the yarn formation position (18) in an inclined position (y) which is inclined rearwardly in a different manner from the fibers of the other fiber transfer position.

5. Method in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the friction spinning means (14, 50 of Fig. 10 to 12) has a higher speed than the fibers (13.2) to be transferred.

6. Method in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers are conveyed towards the yarn formation positions (92, 93) at different speeds.

7. Method in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers at the individual yarn formation positions (92, 93) are rotated in different directions of rotation about the existing yarn end.

8. Apparatus for carrying out the method of one of the preceding claims,

- with at least two fiber opening means (1, 2) and in each case one fiber transfer position (11, 12; 56, 57; 70, 71; 80, 81; 98, 99),

- with a first and a second friction spinning means (14, 23; 50, 51; 90, 96; 91, 97) which cooperate at a yarn formation position (18; 59; 92, 93) for the formation of a yarn (19), with the fibers (13, 13.1, 13.2) each being transferred by an air stream from the fiber discharge position to the associated fiber transfer positions of the first friction spinning means and are transported on the friction spinning means to the yarn formation position,

- with means (20) for drawing off the yarn (19) in a given direction (G), and

-with means (15; 24; 58) for the generation of an air stream,
characterized in that the fiber opening means (1, 2) which each contain an opening roll known from open-end rotor spinning and of which the fiber outlet stubs (70, 71, 80, 81) form the fiber transfer positions are so arranged that the fiber transfer positions (11, 12; 56, 57; 70, 71; 80, 81; 98, 99) are arranged one after the other in the yarn take-off direction (G); and in that the front part of the fibers (13.2) as seen in the direction of movement of the fibers is already engaged by the friction spinning means at the fiber transfer position while the rear part of the fibers (13.2) is still held back on the opening roll.

9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that the opening devices, as seen in the direction of the rotational axis of the opening rolls are arranged one behind the other.

10. Apparatus in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that the opening devices, as seen in the direction of the rotational axis of the opening rolls are arranged alongside one another.

11. Apparatus in accordance with claim 10, characterized in that the fiber conveying ducts are provided at the same inclination (a) to the relevant fiber transfer position.

12. Apparatus in accordance with claim 9 or claim 10, characterized in that the fiber conveying ducts are provided at different inclinations (a) to the relevant fiber transfer position.

13. Apparatus in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that the first and second friction spinning means each comprises a drum (14, 23; 90, 96; 91, 97) and the drums are arranged within and axially parallel to one another almost contacting one another, and also in that the first friction spinning drum (14; 90, 91) is an apertured suction drum containing a suction duct (15); and in that the suction duct generates the said air stream.

14. Apparatus in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that the first friction spinning means is an apertured disc (50) and the second friction spinning means is a conical roller (51) which almost contacts the apertured disc; and in that a suction duct (5) which generates the third airstream is arranged on the side of the disc lying opposite to the conical roller.

15. Apparatus in accordance with claim 14, characterized in that the friction spinning drums (90, 96; 91, 97) are divided and in that one fiber transfer position (11, 12; 98, 99) is provided per drum pair.

16. Apparatus in accordance with claim 15, characterized in that the drum pairs are drivable at different speeds of rotation.

17. Apparatus in accordance with claim 15, characterized in that the drum pairs are arranged displaced from one another.

18. Apparatus in accordance with claim 17, characterized in that a yarn guiding element (95) is provided between the drum pairs.

19. Apparatus in accordance with claim 16, characterized in that the drum pairs are drivable in opposite directions; and in that the respective fiber transfer position is provided at the suction drum transporting the fibers towards the yarn formation position.

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