EP0356375B1 - Procédé à matricer à froid un filet extérieur conique - Google Patents

Procédé à matricer à froid un filet extérieur conique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0356375B1
EP0356375B1 EP89810017A EP89810017A EP0356375B1 EP 0356375 B1 EP0356375 B1 EP 0356375B1 EP 89810017 A EP89810017 A EP 89810017A EP 89810017 A EP89810017 A EP 89810017A EP 0356375 B1 EP0356375 B1 EP 0356375B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
pressing
thread
conical
pressed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89810017A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0356375A2 (fr
EP0356375A3 (fr
Inventor
Urs Kellner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBR Bauverfahren AG
Original Assignee
BBR Bauverfahren AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBR Bauverfahren AG filed Critical BBR Bauverfahren AG
Priority to AT89810017T priority Critical patent/ATE102855T1/de
Publication of EP0356375A2 publication Critical patent/EP0356375A2/fr
Publication of EP0356375A3 publication Critical patent/EP0356375A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0356375B1 publication Critical patent/EP0356375B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/56—Making machine elements screw-threaded elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cold pressing a conical external thread into one end of a rod-shaped workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1. and an apparatus for performing this method.
  • Conical threads enable a large number of threads to be engaged with one or just a few turns. They are therefore particularly suitable for fastening threads if the threaded bolt and / or the nut piece can only be turned with great effort when tightening or should only be displaced slightly in the axial direction.
  • conical threads A known use of conical threads is the mechanical connection of the butt-jointed ends of reinforcing steels for concrete.
  • the ends of the reinforcing steels, which are provided with conical external threads, are screwed together using a nut piece which has two opposing, conical threads.
  • conical external threads In the case of workpieces made of materials with relatively low toughness and hardness, for example wood screws made of aluminum, the conical external thread can be pressed directly into a cylindrical semi-finished product by means of radially displaceable press jaws.
  • EP-A-0 187 623 discloses a method for producing a conical external thread on a workpiece from a tough and hard material, in which the thread is cold pressed into a conically shaped end of a workpiece.
  • the pressing tool used to carry out this method has pressing jaws which are displaced in the axial direction in the conical interior of a guide sleeve and are pressed together or pulled apart in the radial direction.
  • This method enables threads to be produced which have the advantages of non-cutting deformation described above, and the relatively light, robust and easy-to-use device requires only those energy sources which are present at every construction site to operate.
  • the only disadvantage of this method or the device is that the part of the workpiece into which the conical thread is to be pressed must first be shaped conically.
  • the present invention was therefore based on the object of further developing the aforementioned method and the device used for carrying it out in such a way that conical threads can also be pressed into workpieces made of a relatively hard and tough material without the practically cylindrical workpiece having to be previously conically shaped .
  • this object is achieved with a method of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that a conical thread can be cold-pressed into a practically cylindrical workpiece made of a hard and tough material without prior shaping of a conical surface, that only one device is required to carry out this method and that the cold pressing corresponds to a cold forging process , which causes grain refinement in the material and thus an increase in its strength.
  • the method steps are preferably repeated at least once.
  • the device contains a pressing tool with a guide sleeve, in the conical interior of which several pressing jaws are slidably mounted along surface lines of the interior, as well as a pressure stamp, which is provided for displacing the pressing jaws in the longitudinal direction of the interior, and with a holding device around the workpiece in the longitudinal axis to hold the conical interior of the guide sleeve, and is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 8.
  • the feed device is assigned a compensating cylinder which compensates for a change in length of the workpiece caused by the axial component of the displacement of the pressing jaws and by the flow of the material during the pressing process.
  • the device shown schematically in FIG. 1 contains a machine bed, not shown, to which a rotating device 11 and a feed device 12 can be fastened at an adjustable distance from one another.
  • a pressing tool 13 and a press 14 are held on the rotating device on the side facing the feed device.
  • a holding device 16 is arranged on the feed device 12. This holding device is provided for holding a rod-shaped workpiece 91 and is designed in the manner of a hydraulically actuated multi-jaw chuck.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotating device 11, the axis of symmetry of the pressing tool 13, and the axis of symmetry of the holding device 16 lie one inside the other, so that the pressing tool can be rotated about a rod-shaped workpiece held in the holding device with a suitable distance between the pressing tool and the holding device.
  • the rotating device 11 and the press 14 as well as the feed device 12 and the holding device 16 are actuated hydraulically and are connected to a hydraulic system 17 via hydraulic lines 21, 22, 23 and 24.
  • the hydraulic system contains a hydraulic pump, not shown, which generates a constant pressure of the hydraulic fluid during operation of the device.
  • At least one electrically controllable valve 26, 27, 28 and 29 is arranged in each hydraulic line and is connected to an electronic control circuit 36 via an electrical line 31, 32, 33 and 34.
  • the hydraulic lines 21 and 24 are designed in pairs between the valves 27 and 29, which makes it possible to reverse the direction of rotation of the rotating device 11 and to close and open the holding device 16.
  • the line 23 to the feed device consists of several lines (not shown) running parallel to one another, each of which contains a valve which can be controlled independently of the other valves, which will be described in detail with the aid of FIG. 4.
  • the electronic control circuit 36 is programmable for various uses of the device.
  • a control panel 37 is also provided, with a keypad for switching the device on and off and for setting the control circuit to a selected program.
  • the press 14 contains a hydraulic cylinder 41, in which a piston 42 is fitted so as to be displaceable in the axial direction.
  • the cylinder base 43 has a bore 44 which is provided for the connection of the hydraulic line 22.
  • a piston rod 46 is formed on the surface facing away from the working surface of the piston 42, the free end of which protrudes from the cylinder through the central opening of an annular cylinder cover 47.
  • a pressure stamp 48 is attached, the diameter of which is greater than is the diameter of the piston rod.
  • a compression spring 49 is placed around the part of the piston rod located in the cylinder, the ends of which abut the rear surface of the piston or the inner surface of the cylinder cover.
  • the pressing tool 13 contains a guide sleeve 51 which is fastened to the hydraulic press 14 in the region of the cylinder cover 47.
  • the guide sleeve has a conical interior 52, the largest diameter or base circle of which is adjacent to the plunger 48 and the smallest diameter or cover circle of which forms an opening 53 in the top surface of the press tool facing away from the press 14.
  • four grooves 56, 57, 58, 59, offset by 90 ° and having a T-shaped cross section are incorporated (FIG. 3).
  • the grooves run parallel to the surface lines of the conical interior and are therefore inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the longitudinal axis 61 of the pressing tool.
  • the press jaws have a T-shaped cross section with a two-armed guide beam and a press ram protruding therefrom.
  • Each press jaw is mounted with its guide bar in an associated groove in the guide sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the press tool and connected by means of a screw 67, 68 to the pressure ram 48.
  • the screw heads are guided in the plunger in radial slots 69 in order not to block the displacement in the radial direction which is superimposed on any displacement of the pressing jaws in the axial direction.
  • the inner surfaces of the press jaws facing the center of the conical interior 52 are inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the longitudinal axis 61.
  • the direction of inclination of this angle ⁇ is opposite to the direction of inclination of the angle ⁇ , and the angle ⁇ is smaller than the angle ⁇ .
  • the inner surfaces of the press jaws are circular in cross-section and have a surface profile that corresponds to a corresponding part of a nut piece for the conical external thread to be pressed.
  • the feed device contains a housing 72, in which several and in the exemplary embodiment shown three series-connected piston-cylinder arrangements are installed.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement consists of a first cylinder 73 permanently installed in the housing, to which pressure fluid lines 123 'and 123' 'are connected.
  • a cylinder 77 which is displaceable in the second housing 72, is fastened to the piston rod 76 of the piston 74 sliding in the first cylinder.
  • a third cylinder 81 is attached, to which pressure fluid lines 323 'and 323' 'are connected.
  • the piston 82 sliding in the third cylinder is rigidly connected by means of a piston rod 83 to a piston 84 of the length compensation device 71.
  • the stroke of the pistons in the three piston-cylinder arrangements is of different lengths, which makes it possible to move the piston 84 in the length compensation device by predetermined total lengths by shifting one, two or even all three pistons.
  • the work space 86 of the length compensation device is connected to the hydraulic system 17 via the line 23A and is filled with the pressurized fluid at the beginning of each working cycle, so that each time the piston 84 is displaced (to the right in FIG. 4), the cylinder 87 acts like the cylinder of the displacement device in the housing 72 is slidably shifted to the right.
  • the cylinder 87 is mechanically or indirectly mechanically connected to the holding device 16 for the workpiece, so that the holding device 16 is also displaced in accordance with the displacement of the cylinder 87.
  • a further pressure fluid line 23B is connected to the cylinder 87 of the length compensation device 71 or to the pressure fluid line 23A connected to this cylinder.
  • This line contains a pressure relief valve 88, which opens as soon as the pressure in the working space 86 exceeds a predetermined value, as will be explained below.
  • the "ON" button is first pressed on the control panel 37, which then activates the electronic control circuit 36 and the hydraulic system 17.
  • the control circuit sets the valve 27 in a first position, in which hydraulic fluid flows into the cylinder 41 of the press 14 and displaces the piston 42 against the force of the spring 49 (to the right in FIG. 2).
  • the pressing jaws 62, 63, 64 and 65 are also displaced in the axial direction and, due to the inclination of the guide grooves 56, 57, 58, 59, are also moved together in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pressing tool until their side faces abut one another.
  • valve 29 is also in a adjusted first position in which the inflowing hydraulic fluid pulls the holding jaws of the holding device 16 apart in the radial direction. Then the rod-shaped workpiece 91 can be inserted in the direction of arrow 92 between the open holding jaws as far as the stop on the pressed-together pressing jaws.
  • the key data of the workpiece important for the cycle in particular the diameter of the workpiece, or the nominal diameter and the length of the conical thread to be pressed and at least one the material are entered into the electronic control circuit using the keypad on the control panel 27 characteristic of the workpiece.
  • the entered characteristic values then determine which of several work programs stored in the control circuit is to be carried out.
  • the work cycle begins as soon as the "START" button is pressed on the control panel.
  • the valve 29 is switched to a second position in which the holding jaws move together until the workpiece is clamped.
  • the valve 27 is controlled into its second position, in which the cylinder 41 of the press is ventilated and the spring 49 retracts the piston 42 together with the press jaws 62, 63, 64, 66 into the rest position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the valve 28 is controlled into a first position in which the hydraulic fluid flowing through displaces the feed device 12 and thus also the holding device 16 and the workpiece 91 held by it by a predetermined distance in the direction of the pressing tool 13 or between the pressing jaws .
  • the valve 27 is controlled again in its first position, in which the pressing jaws are displaced in the axial direction and at the same time pressed together and pressed into the workpiece until their side faces abut one another.
  • the pressure relief valve 88 opens and enables a rearward displacement of the cylinder 87 together with the holding device attached to it, until the pressure of the workpiece has dropped to a tolerable value.
  • the valve 27 is controlled into the second position, whereby the press jaws are pulled apart again in the radial direction.
  • the valve 26 is controlled into the first position, so that the rotating device 11 and with it the press 14 and the pressing tool are rotated 45 ° to the left.
  • the valve 27 is again moved into the first position, the pressing jaws of the pressing tool being moved together again in the radial direction and the burr which has formed during the pressing of the conical thread in the region of the lateral edges of the pressing jaws being pressed out.
  • the pressing jaws are first pulled apart again and then the pressing tool is turned 45 ° to the right into its starting position. The workpiece with a cold pressed conical Threads can then be removed from the device.
  • the end of a work cycle is always the work steps six and seven described above, with which the burr that is unavoidable when pressing the conical thread is pressed into the workpiece.
  • conical threads were pressed into reinforcing steels.
  • Each reinforcing steel had a diameter of 40 mm.
  • the conical thread had a cone of 6 °, a pitch of 4 mm and a flank angle of 90 °, corresponding to a pitch of 2 mm or half the pitch.
  • the pressing tool used contained four pressing jaws, each of which had a cross section when viewed in the axial direction, that corresponded to a quarter circle.
  • the pressure of the press was up to 650 bar in the axial direction, whereby a pressing pressure of the press jaws of up to 850 t was achieved in the radial direction.
  • the described device and its devices can be modified in many ways and adapted to special working conditions.
  • a press that is moved hydraulically into the working position and into the rest position by means of a spring
  • a press can be used that is moved hydraulically in both directions.
  • a feed device with only one cylinder can be used, the feed of which is controlled by the amount of hydraulic fluid introduced.
  • the pressure relief valve 88 can also be connected to this cylinder and the longitudinal compensation device can be dispensed with.
  • the device can be assembled from commercially available components and groups, and it is assumed that the electronic control and hydraulic system for controlling or actuating the individual devices are known to any person skilled in the art, for which reason a detailed description of these devices is dispensed with.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de matriçage à froid d'un filetage mâle conique dans une extrémité d'une pièce façonnée (91) en forme de barre, de préférence un acier d'armature, avec un outil de matriçage (13) présentant plusieurs mâchoires de matriçage (62, 63, 64, 66), disposées autour d'un axe longitudinal (61) et pouvant être déplacées au moins radialement par rapport à celui-ci et dont les faces intérieures correspondent radialement à des segments séparés d'une pièce mère, pour le filetage à matricer, dans lequel :
    (a) l'outil de matriçage présente une ouverture radiale par écartement des mâchoires de pressage,
    (b) l'outil de matriçage et la pièce façonnée orientée dans son axe longitudinal sont déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre, jusqu'à ce que les mâchoires de matriçage entourent la pièce façonnée dans la direction longitudinale, d'une valeur prédéterminée,
    (c) les mâchoires de matriçage sont enfoncées ensemble en direction radiale et en pénétrant dans la pièce façonnée, jusqu'à ce que leurs bords latéraux s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal des faces intérieures viennent en appui mutuel, et
    (d) les mâchoires de matriçage sont de nouveau écartées les une des autres,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
       une pièce façonnée (91) pratiquement cylindrique est déplacée entre les mâchoires de matriçage (62, 63, 64, 66), de sorte qu'avec les étapes de procédé (a) à (d) on matrice dans la pièce façonnée (91) un court filetage conique pour lequel au moins le premier pas de filet est pressé dans la totalité de sa profondeur, et
    (e) après avoir écarté les unes des autres des mâchoires de matriçage (62, 63, 64, 66) l'outil de matriçage (13) et la pièce façonnée (91) sont tournées l'une par rapport à l'autre autour de l'axe longitudinal (61), la rotation correspondant à une partie du secteur circulaire correspondant à la section transversale de chaque mâchoire de matriçage, et
    (f) les étapes de procédé (c) et (d) sont ensuite répétées.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    (g) la pièce façonnée (91) est déplacée plus loin après l'étape de procédé (f) dans l'outil de matriçage (13) et les étapes de procédé (c) à (f) sont répétées.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour réaliser un filetage conique, avec un cône de 6°, l'outil de matriçage et la pièce façonnée sont déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre en direction axiale sur cinq fois la valeur du pas du filetage conique.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'étape de procédé (g) on effectue une rotation arrière relative selon l'étape de procédé (e).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la répétition de l'étape de procédé (b), la valeur du déplacement correspond au pas du filetage conique, ou à un multiple entier de celui-ci.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la longueur du déplacement relatif entre outil de matriçage et pièce façonnée devient plus petite lorsqu'augmente le nombre de répétitions des étapes de procédé (c) à (f).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour un outil de matriçage avec quatre mâchoires de matriçage, l'outil de matriçage et la pièce façonnée sont tournés de 45° l'un par rapport à l'autre autour de l'axe longitudinal.
  8. Dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé de la revendication 1 avec un outil de matriçage (13) et avec une douille de guidage (51) dans l'espace intérieur conique de laquelle plusieurs mâchoires de pressage (62, 63, 64, 66) sont montées déplaçables le long des génératrices de l'espace intérieur, ainsi qu'avec un poinçon de matriçage (48) prévu pour opérer le déplacement des mâchoires de matriçage dans la direction longitudinale de l'espace intérieur, ainsi qu'avec
       un dispositif de blocage (16) destiné à bloquer la pièce façonnée (91) dans l'espace longitudinal (61) de l'espace intérieur conique de la douille de guidage, caractérisé par
       un dispositif d'avance (12), pour déplacer le dispositif de blocage et/ou l'outil de matriçage l'un par rapport à l'autre le long de l'axe de l'espace intérieur conique, de la valeur d'une course d'avance réglable au préalable,
       ainsi qu'un dispositif de rotation (11) pour faire tourner le dispositif de maintien et/ou l'outil de matriçage l'un par rapport à l'autre autour de l'axe de l'espace intérieur conique, de la valeur d'un angle réglable au préalable, où
       le dispositif d'avance (12) coopère avec un dispositif (71) pour opérer la compensation de l'une des composantes axiales du déplacement des mâchoires de matriçage et la compensation du déplacement provoqué par le fluage du matériau de la pièce façonnée.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'avance (12) présente plusieurs sections (73, 74; 77, 88; 81, 82), pouvant être commandés indépendamment les unes des autres et dont chacune est prévue pour une autre course d'avance.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'est prévu une installation hydraulique (17) reliée à au moins quelques uns des dispositifs (11, 12, 13, 14, 16), pour provoquer leur déplacement.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'en outre est prévu un circuit de commande électronique (36) commandant, en concordance avec des programmes prédéterminés, les soupapes (26, 27, 28, 29) situées dans les tuyauteries hydrauliques (21, 22, 23, 24).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par un pupitre de commande électronique (37) à clavier pour l'introduction manuelle des données caractéristiques nécessaires pour le matriçage d'un filetage conique.
EP89810017A 1988-08-26 1989-01-11 Procédé à matricer à froid un filet extérieur conique Expired - Lifetime EP0356375B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89810017T ATE102855T1 (de) 1988-08-26 1989-01-11 Verfahren zum kaltpressen eines konischen aussengewindes.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3190/88 1988-08-26
CH3190/88A CH676564A5 (fr) 1988-08-26 1988-08-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0356375A2 EP0356375A2 (fr) 1990-02-28
EP0356375A3 EP0356375A3 (fr) 1991-01-16
EP0356375B1 true EP0356375B1 (fr) 1994-03-16

Family

ID=4250591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89810017A Expired - Lifetime EP0356375B1 (fr) 1988-08-26 1989-01-11 Procédé à matricer à froid un filet extérieur conique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4941341A (fr)
EP (1) EP0356375B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE102855T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1318990C (fr)
CH (1) CH676564A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE58907213D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5836197A (en) * 1996-12-16 1998-11-17 Mckee Machine Tool Corp. Integral machine tool assemblies
DE112008003741A5 (de) 2007-12-21 2010-11-25 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Gewindes sowie Bauteil und Gerät
DE102007062830B4 (de) 2007-12-21 2014-11-27 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Gewindes sowie Bauteil und Gerät
KR101894848B1 (ko) * 2014-02-28 2018-09-05 현대자동차주식회사 오스테나이트계 내열합금 및 이를 이용한 내열볼트의 제조방법

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US228033A (en) * 1880-05-25 Device for swaging screw-threads on eyebolts
US408294A (en) * 1889-08-06 Swag ing-machine
US859803A (en) * 1906-03-28 1907-07-09 Cummings Machine Company Threaded tube.
US1466302A (en) * 1920-04-26 1923-08-28 Jouve Felix Louis Machine for swaging or reducing metal
US1712108A (en) * 1926-10-01 1929-05-07 Robert A Goeller Connecter
US2160694A (en) * 1936-07-09 1939-05-30 Thomas & Betts Corp Wire connector
US2225345A (en) * 1938-09-17 1940-12-17 Bendix Aviat Corp Banding press
US2652577A (en) * 1946-04-27 1953-09-22 Bulloneria E Viteria Italiana Machine for producing articles from blank stock
US3154978A (en) * 1962-07-09 1964-11-03 United Wire & Supply Corp Tube pointer
US3370451A (en) * 1965-06-28 1968-02-27 Blaw Knox Co Apparatus and method for pointing tubes
US3417598A (en) * 1966-08-19 1968-12-24 Manco Mfg Co Apparatus for pointing work pieces
US4751839A (en) * 1980-05-09 1988-06-21 Ltv Steel Company, Inc. Method for removing certain of the corrugations in a helically corrugated pipe
CH665152A5 (de) * 1985-01-10 1988-04-29 Urs Kellner Verfahren zum herstellen eines konischen aussengewindes.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH676564A5 (fr) 1991-02-15
DE58907213D1 (de) 1994-04-21
CA1318990C (fr) 1993-06-15
EP0356375A2 (fr) 1990-02-28
ATE102855T1 (de) 1994-04-15
EP0356375A3 (fr) 1991-01-16
US4941341A (en) 1990-07-17

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