EP0345309B1 - Filtre electrostatique pour la separation continue de particules solides ou fluides en suspension dans un courant de gaz - Google Patents

Filtre electrostatique pour la separation continue de particules solides ou fluides en suspension dans un courant de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345309B1
EP0345309B1 EP88909507A EP88909507A EP0345309B1 EP 0345309 B1 EP0345309 B1 EP 0345309B1 EP 88909507 A EP88909507 A EP 88909507A EP 88909507 A EP88909507 A EP 88909507A EP 0345309 B1 EP0345309 B1 EP 0345309B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
precipitation
gas stream
corona discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88909507A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0345309A1 (fr
Inventor
Harald Jodeit
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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Priority to AT88909507T priority Critical patent/ATE74801T1/de
Publication of EP0345309A1 publication Critical patent/EP0345309A1/fr
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Publication of EP0345309B1 publication Critical patent/EP0345309B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/10—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of electrodes moving during separating action

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electrostatic filter device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a prior art as is known from DE-A1-3 418 112.
  • an electrostatic dedusting device is described with a spray electrode arranged in the direction of flow, tips transverse to the direction of flow, and circumferential band separating electrodes with a brush-like surface opposite on both sides.
  • a grid can be arranged between the two electrodes, which is charged more positively than the spray electrode, but more negatively than the detection electrode.
  • Electrostatic filters for the separation of solid and liquid particles are widely used in the metallurgical and chemical industries as well as in power plants. Dust separation and gas cleaning have become increasingly important, particularly in connection with environmental protection regulations.
  • the invention relates to the further development, improvement and simplification of electrostatic dust separation and to the reduction of the associated outlay on equipment.
  • the dust separation is improved by moving separation electrodes with continuous cleaning.
  • electrically conductive metal strips or metal plates attached to chains which in many cases also serve as lateral delimitation of the flow channel, are generally moved in a "cross flow" perpendicular to the flow direction.
  • These movable separating electrodes are usually cleaned with the aid of rotating brushes, compare, for example, US Pat. No. 3,650,092; US-A-3,701,236; US-A-3,912,467; US-A-4,321,066; H. Asano, M. Ootsuka, T. Yano, "Recent Results of Applications of the Moving Electrode Electrostatic Precipitator for Coal Fired Utility Boilers ", Dust Control System Div.
  • the invention provides a device for the continuous electrostatic deposition of particles suspended in a gas stream, which allows maximum utilization of the active parts, in particular the deposition electrode, achieves a high degree of separation, is space-saving and if possible none Raises problems associated with the contamination of the active parts and their cleaning.
  • the construction of the device should be simple and inexpensive and should be characterized by low energy consumption and low maintenance requirements. It should be particularly suitable for the separation of fine and very fine dust particles and should be independent of the carrier gas.
  • Fig. 1 the basic structure of the basic design of an electrostatic filter with only one row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 is shown schematically.
  • 1 denotes a gas stream loaded with particles, which perpendicularly penetrates the electrodes arranged in parallel planes transverse to the direction of flow.
  • 3 is a mostly negatively charged (sign) spray electrode, the tips 4 of which use the corona effect serve as ion sources.
  • 5 are the separating electrodes, which are generally designed as perforated sheets, nets or grids and are normally kept at zero potential (sign 0). In the present case, there is mechanically a single endlessly rotating separating electrode 5 designed as a broken band.
  • 6 is the control electrode designed as round rods, which is at the same potential as the spray electrode 3.
  • This electrode arrangement causes an accelerating electric field 7 lying in the flow direction between the spray electrode 3 and the outer feed side (indicated by the left-hand arrow) of the separating electrode 5.
  • the accelerating electric field 8 directed against the flow direction prevails between the control electrode 6 and the inner feed side of the separating electrode 5 accelerating electric field between the control electrode 6 and the inner return side (indicated by the right-hand arrow) of the separating electrode 5 is again in the direction of flow.
  • the charged particles which in the present case have a negative charge (sign -) are given multiple opportunities to deposit on one and / or the other side of the separating electrode 5. This is represented by the trajectories 10 of the charged particles. Accordingly, for example, a particle is pushed back by the electric field 8 onto the inner feed side of the separating electrode 5 against the direction of flow.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with only one row of control electrodes in the room after the second separating electrode.
  • 1 is the gas flow
  • 3 is the spray electrode provided with tips 4
  • 5 is the separating electrode formed as a continuous broken band
  • 6 is the Control electrode in the form of parallel rods.
  • the field relationships in the space between the spray electrode 4 and the outer feed side of the separating electrode 5 are the same as in FIG. 1 (accelerating electric field 7).
  • the zero electric field (sign 0) prevails between the feed side and the return side of the separating electrode.
  • the accelerating electric field 15 directed against the direction of flow is spanned.
  • the trajectories 10 reflect the migration of the charged particles (sign -) to the separating electrode 5. For example, a particle is deflected under the influence of the electric field 15 and pushed back against the direction of flow onto the outer return side of the separating electrode 5.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically shows the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 and one Row of control electrodes 6 shown in the room after the second deposition electrode 5.
  • a row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 and one Row of control electrodes 6 shown in the room after the second deposition electrode 5.
  • the accelerating electric fields 7 and 9 are directed in the direction of flow, the fields 8 and 15 against the direction of flow. Accordingly, there are 4 different possibilities for the migration of the negatively charged particles (sign -) to the separating electrodes 5. All reference numerals correspond to those in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes 3, a plurality of rows of control electrodes 6 and a circumferential, zigzag, multi-acting, band-shaped separation electrode 5.
  • the gas stream 1 passes perpendicularly through a plurality of electrode groups arranged in parallel planes.
  • the separation electrode 5 is designed as an endless, openwork band, which is repeatedly between a spray electrode 3 with tips 4 and a number of control electrodes 6 and. between two rows of control electrodes 6.
  • the belt is guided over drums 11 acting as deflection rollers. All spray electrodes 3 and all control electrodes 6 are at negative potential (sign -), while the multi-acting separating electrode 5 is at zero potential, ie to earth (sign 0).
  • the spray electrodes 3 are on the negative pole of a DC high-voltage source 16 (voltage U1), while the control electrodes 6 are on the negative pole of a second DC high-voltage source 17 (voltage U2).
  • the positive poles of both high voltage sources are connected to the deposition electrode 5 and are grounded together (sign 0).
  • the potential connections between the high voltage sources and the electrodes are only shown in the upper part of the figure.
  • Such a cascade connection of a plurality of electrode groups lying one behind the other in the flow direction improves the degree of separation, in particular in the case of very fine dust.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes 3, a plurality of rows of control electrodes 6 and a plurality of revolving, parallel band-shaped separation electrodes 5.
  • the construction is similar to that of FIG. 4, with the difference that here 3 separate, perforated tapes guided essentially in the same way can be used as separating electrodes 5.
  • the arrangement of the spray electrodes 3 and the control electrodes 6 is similar to that of FIG. 4.
  • the potential relationships are basically the same. The voltage coupling has not been shown. Otherwise, the reference numerals are the same as in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode 5 and only one row of control electrodes 6.
  • 1 is the gas stream loaded with particles and guided vertically downwards in a channel 2. It penetrates the plane of the spray electrode 3 vertically. Its tips 4 are arranged on a (for example square, rectangular or hexagonal) grid and point in the direction of flow.
  • 5 is the circumferential, endless deposition electrode (for example designed as a broken band). The dust particles deposited on it are indicated as dots.
  • the drums 11, which are accommodated in lateral chambers, are present as deflection rollers for the separating electrode 5. The direction of movement is indicated by arrows.
  • the dust deposited on the separating electrode 5 is removed by wipers (scraper) 12 acting on both sides and by rotating cleaning brushes 13 also acting on both sides. With 14 the discharge is indicated, which, however, usually takes place perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in practice.
  • the control electrode 6, which is in the form of parallel rods, is located between the feed side and the return side of the separating electrode 5. Between the negatively charged tips 4, which act as an ion source (corona effect) serve, and the accelerating electric field 7 is built up on the outer supply side of the separating electrode 5 which is at zero potential. It is directed in the direction of flow. An accelerating electric field 8 directed against the direction of flow is spanned between the negatively charged control electrode 6 and the inner feed side of the aside electrode 5.
  • the active components 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 13 are usually made of rustproof or corrosion-resistant Cr or Cr / Ni steel.
  • FIG. 7 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode 5 and three rows of control electrodes 6.
  • the basic concept is similar to that of FIG. 6, the reference numerals corresponding exactly.
  • An electrostatic filter was installed in a greatly expanded duct to remove dust from a gas stream.
  • the gas stream 1 loaded with particles was guided vertically from top to bottom.
  • Channel 2 which had already been expanded, consisted of a sheet of corrosion-resistant 18 Cr / 8 Ni steel and had a clear cross-section of 2.55 m2.
  • the tips 4 were also made of corrosion-resistant Cr / Ni steel and had a mutual distance in both main directions of 100 mm.
  • the circumferential endless deposition electrode 5 was designed in the form of 3, viewed perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, side by side (one behind the other) arranged, parallel and synchronous perforated steel strips.
  • the strips had a thickness of 0.5 mm and consisted of a corrosion-resistant type 18/8 Cr / Ni steel alloyed with special additives, but with a high plug-in limit in the cold-rolled, almost spring-hard condition.
  • Each band had slots arranged in the direction of movement in the form of oblong holes 5 mm wide and 56 mm long rounded on the narrow sides.
  • the center distance (division) of the elongated holes in the longitudinal direction (direction of movement) was 119 mm, that in the transverse direction 10 mm.
  • Adjacent rows of slots were offset by half a pitch in the longitudinal direction.
  • the strips ran over drums 11 made of Cr / Ni steel, which had a diameter of 250 mm.
  • One of the drums 11 was driven by an electric motor via a gear.
  • the conveying speed was adjustable between approx. 1.5 mm / s and 85 mm / s, which corresponded to 1 revolution / h or 60 revolutions / h.
  • the distance of the tape surface from the tips 4 was 70 mm.
  • the control electrodes 6 were rods made of Cr / Ni steel with a diameter of 10 mm and a horizontal center distance (pitch) from one another.
  • the vertical distance between the centers of the bars from the adjacent strip surface was 75 mm, the vertical distance between the centers of the bars below them was 100 mm.
  • the wipers (scrapers) 12 and the rotating cleaning brushes 13 were also made of corrosion-resistant Cr / Ni steel.
  • the plant was operated with a gas stream 1 loaded with quartz dust.
  • the negative pole of a DC high-voltage source was placed on the spray electrode 3.
  • the positive pole was placed on the separating electrode 5 and at the same time grounded (potential 0).
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment.
  • the separating electrode 5 is designed as a perforated conveyor belt or traveling grating, the control electrode 6 in the form of bars, grids or grids. Conveyor belts lying one behind the other in the flow direction and moving in the same or opposite directions are provided as multiple separation electrodes 5.
  • the potential of the control electrodes 6 is generally matched to that of the spray electrode 3. Its absolute value is preferably set higher than that of the spray electrode 3. For the rest, reference is made to the embodiment variants of FIGS. 1 to 6.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Dispositif de filtration électrostatique pour la collecte continue de particules solides ou liquides en suspension dans un flux gazeux (1), comportant :
a) au moins une électrode d'émission (3) qui présente des pointes de décharge (4), pour charger les particules,
b) au moins une électrode collectrice (5) pour les particules qui a la forme d'une bande sans fin en mouvement comportant un côté d'amenée et un côté de retour, et
c) au moins une électrode de commande ajourée ou en forme de grille (6) qui présente le même potentiel que l'électrode d'émission (3), caractérisé en ce que :
d) ladite au moins une électrode d'émission (3) et l'électrode collectrice (5) sont des électrodes ajourées telles que des particules puissent les traverser,
e) lesdites au moins une électrode d'émission (3), électrode collectrice (5) et électrode de commande (6) sont disposées dans des plans en substance perpendiculaires au sens de l'écoulement du flux gazeux (1),
f) des champs électriques (7, 9) sont prévus pour accélérer les particules chargées en substance dans le sens du flux gazeux (1) ou à l'encontre de celui-ci,
g) les pointes de décharge (4) de l'électrode d'émission (3) sont disposées en substance dans le sens du flux gazeux (1), et
h) ladite au moins une électrode de commande (6), vu dans le sens d'écoulement du flux gazeux (1), est disposée après l'électrode collectrice (5), dans l'intervalle entre le plan de son côté d'amenée et le plan de son côté de retour,
i) et/ou dans l'espace après le côté de retour.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'intervalle entre le plan du côté d'amenée et celui du côté de retour de l'électrode collectrice (5), sont disposées deux électrodes de commande (6) parallèles.
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'intervalle entre le plan du côté d'amenée et celui du côté de retour de l'électrode collectrice (5), sont disposées deux électrodes de commande (6) parallèles et, dans l'espace situé après le plan du côté de retour de l'électrode collectrice (5), est disposée une autre électrode de commande (6).
4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode collectrice (5) est disposée en zigzag sous la forme d'une bande transporteuse sans fin traversant le flux gazeux (1) plusieurs fois, perpendiculairement, dans le sens d'amenée et dans le sens de retour.
5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode collectrice (5) a la forme de plusieurs bandes transporteuses mobiles dans le même sens ou en sens opposés et disposées l'une derrière l'autre dans le sens de l'écoulement.
6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, vu dans le sens de l'écoulement, plusieurs électrodes d'émission (3) parallèles l'une à l'autre sont prévues séparées par au moins une électrode collectrice (5).
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes de commande (6) portent un potentiel dont la valeur absolue est supérieure à celle du potentiel de l'électrode d'émission (3).
8. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une électrode de commande (6) a la forme de barreaux situés dans un plan.
EP88909507A 1987-11-27 1988-11-17 Filtre electrostatique pour la separation continue de particules solides ou fluides en suspension dans un courant de gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0345309B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88909507T ATE74801T1 (de) 1987-11-27 1988-11-17 Elektrostatisches filter fuer die kontinuierliche abscheidung von in einem gasstrom suspendierten festen oder fluessigen partikeln.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4637/87 1987-11-27
CH4637/87A CH673411A5 (fr) 1987-11-27 1987-11-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345309A1 EP0345309A1 (fr) 1989-12-13
EP0345309B1 true EP0345309B1 (fr) 1992-04-15

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ID=4279851

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88909507A Expired - Lifetime EP0345309B1 (fr) 1987-11-27 1988-11-17 Filtre electrostatique pour la separation continue de particules solides ou fluides en suspension dans un courant de gaz

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0345309B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE74801T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2616288A (fr)
CH (1) CH673411A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3870231D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989004724A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE8900214L (sv) * 1989-01-20 1990-07-21 Flaekt Ab Anordning foer rening av med faergpartiklar foerorenad ventilationsluft
DE59004994D1 (de) * 1989-08-31 1994-04-21 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrostatischen Reinigung staub- und schadstoffhaltiger Abgase in mehrfeldrigen Abscheidern.
AU776136B2 (en) * 2000-05-19 2004-08-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Moving electrode type electric dust collecting apparatus
GB0616916D0 (en) * 2006-08-26 2006-10-04 Secr Defence An electrostatic precipitator
DE102007036553A1 (de) * 2007-07-25 2009-02-05 Eisenmann Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Lack-Overspray
CN104826737A (zh) * 2015-05-26 2015-08-12 济宁德山峻明机械设备有限公司 一种回流式静电除尘装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE636744A (fr) * 1962-08-29
US3740927A (en) * 1969-10-24 1973-06-26 American Standard Inc Electrostatic precipitator
US3650092A (en) * 1970-08-17 1972-03-21 Gourdine Systems Inc Electrogasdynamic precipitator utilizing retarding fields
DE3418112A1 (de) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-21 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Entstaubungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1989004724A1 (fr) 1989-06-01
DE3870231D1 (de) 1992-05-21
EP0345309A1 (fr) 1989-12-13
CH673411A5 (fr) 1990-03-15
ATE74801T1 (de) 1992-05-15
AU2616288A (en) 1989-06-14

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