EP0345309B1 - Electrostatic filter for continuous separation of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas stream - Google Patents

Electrostatic filter for continuous separation of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas stream Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345309B1
EP0345309B1 EP88909507A EP88909507A EP0345309B1 EP 0345309 B1 EP0345309 B1 EP 0345309B1 EP 88909507 A EP88909507 A EP 88909507A EP 88909507 A EP88909507 A EP 88909507A EP 0345309 B1 EP0345309 B1 EP 0345309B1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
precipitation
gas stream
corona discharge
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EP88909507A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0345309A1 (en
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Harald Jodeit
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/10—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of electrodes moving during separating action

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electrostatic filter device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a prior art as is known from DE-A1-3 418 112.
  • an electrostatic dedusting device is described with a spray electrode arranged in the direction of flow, tips transverse to the direction of flow, and circumferential band separating electrodes with a brush-like surface opposite on both sides.
  • a grid can be arranged between the two electrodes, which is charged more positively than the spray electrode, but more negatively than the detection electrode.
  • Electrostatic filters for the separation of solid and liquid particles are widely used in the metallurgical and chemical industries as well as in power plants. Dust separation and gas cleaning have become increasingly important, particularly in connection with environmental protection regulations.
  • the invention relates to the further development, improvement and simplification of electrostatic dust separation and to the reduction of the associated outlay on equipment.
  • the dust separation is improved by moving separation electrodes with continuous cleaning.
  • electrically conductive metal strips or metal plates attached to chains which in many cases also serve as lateral delimitation of the flow channel, are generally moved in a "cross flow" perpendicular to the flow direction.
  • These movable separating electrodes are usually cleaned with the aid of rotating brushes, compare, for example, US Pat. No. 3,650,092; US-A-3,701,236; US-A-3,912,467; US-A-4,321,066; H. Asano, M. Ootsuka, T. Yano, "Recent Results of Applications of the Moving Electrode Electrostatic Precipitator for Coal Fired Utility Boilers ", Dust Control System Div.
  • the invention provides a device for the continuous electrostatic deposition of particles suspended in a gas stream, which allows maximum utilization of the active parts, in particular the deposition electrode, achieves a high degree of separation, is space-saving and if possible none Raises problems associated with the contamination of the active parts and their cleaning.
  • the construction of the device should be simple and inexpensive and should be characterized by low energy consumption and low maintenance requirements. It should be particularly suitable for the separation of fine and very fine dust particles and should be independent of the carrier gas.
  • Fig. 1 the basic structure of the basic design of an electrostatic filter with only one row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 is shown schematically.
  • 1 denotes a gas stream loaded with particles, which perpendicularly penetrates the electrodes arranged in parallel planes transverse to the direction of flow.
  • 3 is a mostly negatively charged (sign) spray electrode, the tips 4 of which use the corona effect serve as ion sources.
  • 5 are the separating electrodes, which are generally designed as perforated sheets, nets or grids and are normally kept at zero potential (sign 0). In the present case, there is mechanically a single endlessly rotating separating electrode 5 designed as a broken band.
  • 6 is the control electrode designed as round rods, which is at the same potential as the spray electrode 3.
  • This electrode arrangement causes an accelerating electric field 7 lying in the flow direction between the spray electrode 3 and the outer feed side (indicated by the left-hand arrow) of the separating electrode 5.
  • the accelerating electric field 8 directed against the flow direction prevails between the control electrode 6 and the inner feed side of the separating electrode 5 accelerating electric field between the control electrode 6 and the inner return side (indicated by the right-hand arrow) of the separating electrode 5 is again in the direction of flow.
  • the charged particles which in the present case have a negative charge (sign -) are given multiple opportunities to deposit on one and / or the other side of the separating electrode 5. This is represented by the trajectories 10 of the charged particles. Accordingly, for example, a particle is pushed back by the electric field 8 onto the inner feed side of the separating electrode 5 against the direction of flow.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with only one row of control electrodes in the room after the second separating electrode.
  • 1 is the gas flow
  • 3 is the spray electrode provided with tips 4
  • 5 is the separating electrode formed as a continuous broken band
  • 6 is the Control electrode in the form of parallel rods.
  • the field relationships in the space between the spray electrode 4 and the outer feed side of the separating electrode 5 are the same as in FIG. 1 (accelerating electric field 7).
  • the zero electric field (sign 0) prevails between the feed side and the return side of the separating electrode.
  • the accelerating electric field 15 directed against the direction of flow is spanned.
  • the trajectories 10 reflect the migration of the charged particles (sign -) to the separating electrode 5. For example, a particle is deflected under the influence of the electric field 15 and pushed back against the direction of flow onto the outer return side of the separating electrode 5.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically shows the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 and one Row of control electrodes 6 shown in the room after the second deposition electrode 5.
  • a row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 and one Row of control electrodes 6 shown in the room after the second deposition electrode 5.
  • the accelerating electric fields 7 and 9 are directed in the direction of flow, the fields 8 and 15 against the direction of flow. Accordingly, there are 4 different possibilities for the migration of the negatively charged particles (sign -) to the separating electrodes 5. All reference numerals correspond to those in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes 3, a plurality of rows of control electrodes 6 and a circumferential, zigzag, multi-acting, band-shaped separation electrode 5.
  • the gas stream 1 passes perpendicularly through a plurality of electrode groups arranged in parallel planes.
  • the separation electrode 5 is designed as an endless, openwork band, which is repeatedly between a spray electrode 3 with tips 4 and a number of control electrodes 6 and. between two rows of control electrodes 6.
  • the belt is guided over drums 11 acting as deflection rollers. All spray electrodes 3 and all control electrodes 6 are at negative potential (sign -), while the multi-acting separating electrode 5 is at zero potential, ie to earth (sign 0).
  • the spray electrodes 3 are on the negative pole of a DC high-voltage source 16 (voltage U1), while the control electrodes 6 are on the negative pole of a second DC high-voltage source 17 (voltage U2).
  • the positive poles of both high voltage sources are connected to the deposition electrode 5 and are grounded together (sign 0).
  • the potential connections between the high voltage sources and the electrodes are only shown in the upper part of the figure.
  • Such a cascade connection of a plurality of electrode groups lying one behind the other in the flow direction improves the degree of separation, in particular in the case of very fine dust.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes 3, a plurality of rows of control electrodes 6 and a plurality of revolving, parallel band-shaped separation electrodes 5.
  • the construction is similar to that of FIG. 4, with the difference that here 3 separate, perforated tapes guided essentially in the same way can be used as separating electrodes 5.
  • the arrangement of the spray electrodes 3 and the control electrodes 6 is similar to that of FIG. 4.
  • the potential relationships are basically the same. The voltage coupling has not been shown. Otherwise, the reference numerals are the same as in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode 5 and only one row of control electrodes 6.
  • 1 is the gas stream loaded with particles and guided vertically downwards in a channel 2. It penetrates the plane of the spray electrode 3 vertically. Its tips 4 are arranged on a (for example square, rectangular or hexagonal) grid and point in the direction of flow.
  • 5 is the circumferential, endless deposition electrode (for example designed as a broken band). The dust particles deposited on it are indicated as dots.
  • the drums 11, which are accommodated in lateral chambers, are present as deflection rollers for the separating electrode 5. The direction of movement is indicated by arrows.
  • the dust deposited on the separating electrode 5 is removed by wipers (scraper) 12 acting on both sides and by rotating cleaning brushes 13 also acting on both sides. With 14 the discharge is indicated, which, however, usually takes place perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in practice.
  • the control electrode 6, which is in the form of parallel rods, is located between the feed side and the return side of the separating electrode 5. Between the negatively charged tips 4, which act as an ion source (corona effect) serve, and the accelerating electric field 7 is built up on the outer supply side of the separating electrode 5 which is at zero potential. It is directed in the direction of flow. An accelerating electric field 8 directed against the direction of flow is spanned between the negatively charged control electrode 6 and the inner feed side of the aside electrode 5.
  • the active components 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 13 are usually made of rustproof or corrosion-resistant Cr or Cr / Ni steel.
  • FIG. 7 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode 5 and three rows of control electrodes 6.
  • the basic concept is similar to that of FIG. 6, the reference numerals corresponding exactly.
  • An electrostatic filter was installed in a greatly expanded duct to remove dust from a gas stream.
  • the gas stream 1 loaded with particles was guided vertically from top to bottom.
  • Channel 2 which had already been expanded, consisted of a sheet of corrosion-resistant 18 Cr / 8 Ni steel and had a clear cross-section of 2.55 m2.
  • the tips 4 were also made of corrosion-resistant Cr / Ni steel and had a mutual distance in both main directions of 100 mm.
  • the circumferential endless deposition electrode 5 was designed in the form of 3, viewed perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, side by side (one behind the other) arranged, parallel and synchronous perforated steel strips.
  • the strips had a thickness of 0.5 mm and consisted of a corrosion-resistant type 18/8 Cr / Ni steel alloyed with special additives, but with a high plug-in limit in the cold-rolled, almost spring-hard condition.
  • Each band had slots arranged in the direction of movement in the form of oblong holes 5 mm wide and 56 mm long rounded on the narrow sides.
  • the center distance (division) of the elongated holes in the longitudinal direction (direction of movement) was 119 mm, that in the transverse direction 10 mm.
  • Adjacent rows of slots were offset by half a pitch in the longitudinal direction.
  • the strips ran over drums 11 made of Cr / Ni steel, which had a diameter of 250 mm.
  • One of the drums 11 was driven by an electric motor via a gear.
  • the conveying speed was adjustable between approx. 1.5 mm / s and 85 mm / s, which corresponded to 1 revolution / h or 60 revolutions / h.
  • the distance of the tape surface from the tips 4 was 70 mm.
  • the control electrodes 6 were rods made of Cr / Ni steel with a diameter of 10 mm and a horizontal center distance (pitch) from one another.
  • the vertical distance between the centers of the bars from the adjacent strip surface was 75 mm, the vertical distance between the centers of the bars below them was 100 mm.
  • the wipers (scrapers) 12 and the rotating cleaning brushes 13 were also made of corrosion-resistant Cr / Ni steel.
  • the plant was operated with a gas stream 1 loaded with quartz dust.
  • the negative pole of a DC high-voltage source was placed on the spray electrode 3.
  • the positive pole was placed on the separating electrode 5 and at the same time grounded (potential 0).
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment.
  • the separating electrode 5 is designed as a perforated conveyor belt or traveling grating, the control electrode 6 in the form of bars, grids or grids. Conveyor belts lying one behind the other in the flow direction and moving in the same or opposite directions are provided as multiple separation electrodes 5.
  • the potential of the control electrodes 6 is generally matched to that of the spray electrode 3. Its absolute value is preferably set higher than that of the spray electrode 3. For the rest, reference is made to the embodiment variants of FIGS. 1 to 6.

Abstract

An electrostatic filter for continuous separation of solid or liquid particles in a gas stream flowing in a channel (2) comprises spray electrodes (3) consisting of points (4) arranged perpendicular to the direction of flow, rotating flat separating electrodes (5) which travel over drums (11) and are cleaned by strippers (12) and rotating brushes (13), and one or more rows of control electrodes (6) in the form of rods arranged parallel to the separating electrodes (5). The separating electrodes (6) are located inside and/or outside the feed and return sides of the separating electrodes (5) and are at a potential of the same polarity as the spray electrodes (3). The particles are deposited on all sides of the separating electrodes (5) which results in a higher degree of separation.

Description

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einer elektrostatischen Filtervorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention is based on an electrostatic filter device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Mit dem Oberbegriff nimmt die Erfindung auf einen Stand der Technik Bezug, wie er aus der DE-A1-3 418 112 bekannt ist. Dort wird eine elektrostatische Entstaubungsvorrichtung mit in Strömungsrichtung angeordneter Sprühelektrode, Spitzen quer zur Strömungsrichtung, und beidseitig gegenüberliegenden, umlaufenden Band-Abscheideelektroden mit bürstenartiger Oberfläche beschrieben. Zwischen den beiden Elektroden kann ein Gitter angeordnet sein, das positiver als die Sprühelektrode, jedoch negativer als die Auffandelektrode aufgeladen ist.With the preamble, the invention relates to a prior art as is known from DE-A1-3 418 112. There, an electrostatic dedusting device is described with a spray electrode arranged in the direction of flow, tips transverse to the direction of flow, and circumferential band separating electrodes with a brush-like surface opposite on both sides. A grid can be arranged between the two electrodes, which is charged more positively than the spray electrode, but more negatively than the detection electrode.

Elektrostatische Filter zur Abscheidung von festen und flüssigen Partikeln finden in der metallurgischen und chemischen Industrie sowie in Kraftwerksanlagen zahlreiche Verwendung. Die Staubabscheidung und Gasreinigung hat insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit den Umweltschutz-Bestimmungen an Bedeutung zugenommen.Electrostatic filters for the separation of solid and liquid particles are widely used in the metallurgical and chemical industries as well as in power plants. Dust separation and gas cleaning have become increasingly important, particularly in connection with environmental protection regulations.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Weiterentwicklung, Verbesserung und Vereinfachung der elektrostatischen Staubabscheidung sowie auf die Verringerung des damit zusammenhängenden apparativen Aufwandes.The invention relates to the further development, improvement and simplification of electrostatic dust separation and to the reduction of the associated outlay on equipment.

Es wird allgemein versucht, die für die Staubabscheidung in Elektrofiltern herrschenden Bedingungen zu verbessern, um zu einer wirksameren Abscheidung und zu einem kleineren apparativen Aufwand zu kommen. Dies gilt vor allem für die Abscheidung von Feinstaub und Flugasche. Mit Hilfe einer als Ionenquelle dienenden Koronaentladung werden geladene Teilchen erzeugt, die im elektrischen Feld an den meist geerdeten Elektroden abgeschieden werden. In der Regel werden mehrere Abscheidestufen eingesetzt. Bereits in der ersten Stufe werden die meisten, vor allem die grösseren Schmutzpartikel erfasst. Die hinteren Filterstufen dienen der Abscheidung der feinen Staubteilchen sowie dem Wiedereinfangen des beim Reinigen der vorderen Elektroden durch Klopfen oder Rütteln freigesetzten Staubes.Attempts are generally being made to improve the conditions prevailing for dust separation in electrostatic precipitators in order to achieve more effective separation and less equipment. This applies above all to the separation of fine dust and fly ash. With the help of a corona discharge serving as an ion source, charged particles are generated, which are deposited in the electric field at the mostly earthed electrodes. As a rule, several separation stages are used. Most, especially the larger, dirt particles are captured in the first stage. The rear filter stages are used to separate the fine dust particles and to recapture the dust released by cleaning or knocking the front electrodes.

Die Staubabscheidung wird durch bewegte Abscheideelektroden mit kontinuierlicher Reinigung verbessert. Bei diesen Verfahren werden elektrisch leitende Metallbänder oder an Ketten befestigte Metallplatten, die in vielen Fällen auch als seitliche Begrenzung des Strömungskanals dienen, in der Regel im "Kreuzstrom" senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung bewegt. Die Reinigung dieser beweglichen Abscheideelektroden erfolgt meistens mit Hilfe von rotierenden Bürsten vergleiche beispielsweise US-A-3,650,092; US-A-3,701,236; US-A-3,912,467; US-A-4,321,066; ferner H. Asano, M. Ootsuka, T. Yano, "Recent Results of Applications of the Moving Electrode Electrostatic Precipitator for Coal Fired Utility Boilers", Dust Control System Div. Hitachi Plant Engineering + Construction Co., Ltd. 1-13-2, Kita-Ootika Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan 170 S.800-804. Andere Vorrichtungen verwenden quer zur Strömungsrichtung liegende durchbrochende Bänder als Abscheideelektrode. Es ist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, feststehende, unter verschiedenen Potentialen stehende Gitter zur Staubabscheidung zu verwenden (vgl. US-A-3,740,927). Mehrfach-Abscheider in Form parallel gestellter Gitter und Lochbleche abwechselnder Polarität, welche vom Gasstrom senkrecht durchsetzt werden, sind in zahlreichen Schriften bekannt (vgl. u.a. James M. Vincent, "The grid-type electrostatic precipitator", Journal of the air pollution control association, March 1972, p. 200-201).The dust separation is improved by moving separation electrodes with continuous cleaning. In these processes, electrically conductive metal strips or metal plates attached to chains, which in many cases also serve as lateral delimitation of the flow channel, are generally moved in a "cross flow" perpendicular to the flow direction. These movable separating electrodes are usually cleaned with the aid of rotating brushes, compare, for example, US Pat. No. 3,650,092; US-A-3,701,236; US-A-3,912,467; US-A-4,321,066; H. Asano, M. Ootsuka, T. Yano, "Recent Results of Applications of the Moving Electrode Electrostatic Precipitator for Coal Fired Utility Boilers ", Dust Control System Div. Hitachi Plant Engineering + Construction Co., Ltd. 1-13-2, Kita-Ootika Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan 170 p.800-804 Other devices use breakthrough tapes lying transversely to the direction of flow as the separating electrode. It has also been proposed to use fixed grids with different potentials for dust separation (cf. US Pat. No. 3,740,927). Multiple separators in the form of parallel grids and Perforated sheets of alternating polarity, which are penetrated vertically by the gas flow, are known in numerous publications (see, inter alia, James M. Vincent, "The grid-type electrostatic precipitator", Journal of the air pollution control association, March 1972, p. 200-201 ).

Die bestehenden elektrostatischen Vorrichtungen zur Entstaubung sind bezüglich Bauvolumen immer noch zu aufwendig. Sie genügen oft nicht den Anforderungen an den Abscheidegrad. Eine Vervollkommung ist daher dringendes Bedürfnis.The existing electrostatic devices for dedusting are still too expensive in terms of construction volume. They often do not meet the requirements for the degree of separation. Perfection is therefore an urgent need.

Die Erfindung , wie sie im Patentansprüch 1 definiert ist, löst, eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen elektrostatischen Abscheidung von in einem Gasstrom suspendierten Partikeln anzugeben, die eine höchstmögliche Ausnutzung der aktiven Teile, insbesondere der Abscheideelektrode gestattet, einen hohen Abscheidegrad erzielt, raumsparend ist und möglichst keine Probleme aufwirft, die mit der Verschmutzung der aktiven Teile und ihrer Reinigung verknüpft sind. Die Vorrichtung soll in ihrem Aufbau einfach und kostengünstig sein und sich durch geringen Energieverbrauch und niedrige Wartungsanforderungen auszeichnen. Sie soll insbesondere zur Abscheidung feiner und feinster Staubpartikel geeignet und unabhängig vom Trägergas sein.The invention, as defined in claim 1, provides a device for the continuous electrostatic deposition of particles suspended in a gas stream, which allows maximum utilization of the active parts, in particular the deposition electrode, achieves a high degree of separation, is space-saving and if possible none Raises problems associated with the contamination of the active parts and their cleaning. The construction of the device should be simple and inexpensive and should be characterized by low energy consumption and low maintenance requirements. It should be particularly suitable for the separation of fine and very fine dust particles and should be independent of the carrier gas.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden, durch Figuren näher erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben.The invention is described on the basis of the following exemplary embodiments which are explained in more detail by means of figures.

Dabei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch den prinzipiellen Aufbau der Grundausführung eines Elektrofilters mit nur einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden im Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Abscheideelektroden,
  • Fig. 2 schematisch den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit nur einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden im Raum nach der zweiten Abscheideelektrode,
  • Fig. 3 schematisch den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden im Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Abscheideelektroden und einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden im Raum nach der zweiten Abscheideelektrode,
  • Fig. 4 schematisch den Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit mehreren Sprühelektroden, mehreren Reihen von Steuerelektroden und umlaufender, im Zickzack geführter, mehrfach wirkender, bandförmiger Abscheideelektrode,
  • Fig. 5 schematisch den Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit mehreren Sprühelektroden, mehreren Reihen von Steuerelektroden und mehreren umlaufenden, parallel geführten bandförmigen Abscheideelektroden,
  • Fig. 6 den prinzipiellen Aufbau (Längsschnitt) einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit umlaufender Abscheideelektrode und nur einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden,
  • Fig. 7 den prinzipiellen Aufbau (Längsschnitt) einer Ausführungsform eines Elektrofilters mit umlaufender Abscheideelektrode und drei Reihen von Steuerelektroden.
It shows:
  • 1 schematically shows the basic structure of the basic design of an electrostatic precipitator with only one row of control electrodes in the space between two separating electrodes,
  • 2 schematically shows the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with only one row of control electrodes in the space after the second separating electrode,
  • 3 schematically shows the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a row of control electrodes in the space between two separation electrodes and a row of control electrodes in the space after the second separation electrode,
  • 4 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes, a plurality of rows of control electrodes and a circumferential, zigzag, multi-acting, band-shaped separation electrode,
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically the structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with several spray electrodes, several rows of control electrodes and a plurality of circumferential, parallel ribbon-shaped separation electrodes,
  • 6 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a circumferential separating electrode and only one row of control electrodes,
  • Fig. 7 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode and three rows of control electrodes.

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch der prinzipielle Aufbau der Grundausführung eines Elektrofilters mit nur einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden 6 im Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Abscheideelektroden 5 dargestellt. 1 bezeichnet einen mit Partikeln beladenen Gasstrom, der die quer zur Strömungsrichtung in parallelen Ebenen angeordneten Elektroden senkrecht durchsetzt. 3 ist eine meist negativ aufgeladene (Vorzeichen-)Sprühelektrode, deren den Koronaeffekt ausnutzende Spitzen 4 als Ionenquellen dienen. 5 sind die grundsätzlich als gelochte Bleche, Netze oder Gitter ausgeführten, normalerweise auf Potential Null (Vorzeichen 0) gehaltenen Abscheideelektroden. Im vorliegenden Fall ist mechanisch eine einzige endlos umlaufende, als durchbrochenes Band gestaltete Abscheideelektrode 5 vorhanden. 6 ist die als Rundstäbe ausgebildete Steuerelektrode, die sich auf gleichnamigem Potential wie die Sprühelektrode 3 befindet. Im vorliegenden Fall ist sie negativ aufgeladen (Vorzeichen -). Diese Elektrodenanordnung bedingt ein in Strömungsrichtung liegendes beschleunigendes elektrisches Feld 7 zwischen Sprühelektrode 3 und äusserer Zuführungsseite (mit linksgerichtetem Pfeil angedeutet) der Abscheideelektrode 5. Zwischen der Steuerelektrode 6 und der inneren Zuführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 herrscht das gegen die Strömungsrichtung gerichtete beschleunigende elektrische Feld 8. Das beschleunigende elektrische Feld zwischen der Steuerelektrode 6 und der inneren Rückführungsseite (mit rechtsgerichtetem Pfeil angedeutet) der Abscheideelektrode 5 liegt wieder in Strömungsrichtung. Durch diese Gesamtanordnung der Elektroden wird eine mehrfache Abscheidung erzielt und somit der Abscheidegrad merklich erhöht. Es wird den geladenen Partikeln, im vorliegenden Fall mit negativer Ladung behaftet (Vorzeichen -) mehrfach Gelegenheit gegeben, sich auf der einen und/oder anderen Seite der Abscheideelektrode 5 abzulagern. Dies ist durch die Trajektorien 10 der geladenen Partikel dargestellt. Demnach wird beispielsweise eine Partikel durch das elektrische Feld 8 auf die innere Zuführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 gegen die Strömungsrichtung zurückgestossen.In Fig. 1 the basic structure of the basic design of an electrostatic filter with only one row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 is shown schematically. 1 denotes a gas stream loaded with particles, which perpendicularly penetrates the electrodes arranged in parallel planes transverse to the direction of flow. 3 is a mostly negatively charged (sign) spray electrode, the tips 4 of which use the corona effect serve as ion sources. 5 are the separating electrodes, which are generally designed as perforated sheets, nets or grids and are normally kept at zero potential (sign 0). In the present case, there is mechanically a single endlessly rotating separating electrode 5 designed as a broken band. 6 is the control electrode designed as round rods, which is at the same potential as the spray electrode 3. In the present case, it is negatively charged (sign -). This electrode arrangement causes an accelerating electric field 7 lying in the flow direction between the spray electrode 3 and the outer feed side (indicated by the left-hand arrow) of the separating electrode 5. The accelerating electric field 8 directed against the flow direction prevails between the control electrode 6 and the inner feed side of the separating electrode 5 accelerating electric field between the control electrode 6 and the inner return side (indicated by the right-hand arrow) of the separating electrode 5 is again in the direction of flow. Through this overall arrangement multiple deposition of the electrodes is achieved and thus the degree of deposition is markedly increased. The charged particles, which in the present case have a negative charge (sign -), are given multiple opportunities to deposit on one and / or the other side of the separating electrode 5. This is represented by the trajectories 10 of the charged particles. Accordingly, for example, a particle is pushed back by the electric field 8 onto the inner feed side of the separating electrode 5 against the direction of flow.

Fig. 2 stellt schematisch den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit nur einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden im Raum nach der zweiten Abscheidelektrode dar. 1 ist der Gasstrom, 3 die mit Spitzen 4 versehene Sprühelektrode, 5 die als umlaufendes durchbrochenes Band ausgebildete Abscheideelektrode und 6 die Steuerelektrode in Form paralleler Stäbe. Die Feldverhältnisse im Raum zwischen der Sprühelektrode 4 und der äusseren Zuführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 sind die gleichen wie in Fig. 1 (beschleunigendes elektriches Feld 7). Zwischen der Zuführungsseite und der Rückführungsseite der Abscheidelektrode herrscht das elektrische Feld Null (Vorzeichen 0). Im Raum zwischen der aussenliegenden Steuerelektrode 6 (negatives Potential: Vorzeichen -) und der äusseren Rückführungsseite der Abscheidelektrode 5 (Potential Null: Vorzeichen 0) wird das gegen die Strömungsrichtung gerichtete beschleunigende elektrische Feld 15 aufgespannt. Die Trajektorien 10 geben die Wanderung der geladenen Partikel (Vorzeichen -) auf die Abscheidelektrode 5 zu wieder. Es wird beispielsweise eine Partikel unter dem Einfluss des elektrischen Feldes 15 umgelenkt und gegen die Strömungsrichtung auf die äussere Rückführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 zurückgestossen.Fig. 2 shows schematically the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with only one row of control electrodes in the room after the second separating electrode. 1 is the gas flow, 3 is the spray electrode provided with tips 4, 5 is the separating electrode formed as a continuous broken band and 6 is the Control electrode in the form of parallel rods. The field relationships in the space between the spray electrode 4 and the outer feed side of the separating electrode 5 are the same as in FIG. 1 (accelerating electric field 7). The zero electric field (sign 0) prevails between the feed side and the return side of the separating electrode. In the space between the external control electrode 6 (negative potential: sign -) and the outer return side of the separating electrode 5 (potential zero: sign 0), the accelerating electric field 15 directed against the direction of flow is spanned. The trajectories 10 reflect the migration of the charged particles (sign -) to the separating electrode 5. For example, a particle is deflected under the influence of the electric field 15 and pushed back against the direction of flow onto the outer return side of the separating electrode 5.

In Fig. 3 ist schematisch der prinzipielle Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden 6 im Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Abscheideelektroden 5 und einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden 6 im Raum nach der zweiten Abscheideelektrode 5 dargestellt. Im wesentlichen handelt es sich um eine Superposition der Elektrodenanordnungen der Figuren 1 und 2. Die beschleunigenden elektrischen Felder 7 und 9 sind in Strömungsrichtung, die Felder 8 und 15 gegen die Strömungsrichtung gerichtet. Dementsprechend sind 4 verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Wanderung der hier negativ geladenen Partikel (Vorzeichen -) auf die Abscheideelektroden 5 hin vorhanden. Alle Bezugszeichen entsprechen denjenigen der Figuren 1 und 2.3 schematically shows the basic structure of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a row of control electrodes 6 in the space between two separating electrodes 5 and one Row of control electrodes 6 shown in the room after the second deposition electrode 5. Essentially, it is a superposition of the electrode arrangements of Figures 1 and 2. The accelerating electric fields 7 and 9 are directed in the direction of flow, the fields 8 and 15 against the direction of flow. Accordingly, there are 4 different possibilities for the migration of the negatively charged particles (sign -) to the separating electrodes 5. All reference numerals correspond to those in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 4 ist schematisch der Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit mehreren Sprühelektroden 3, mehreren Reihen von Steuerelektroden 6 und einer umlaufenden, im Zickzack geführten, mehrfach wirkenden, bandörmigen Abscheidelektrode 5 dargestellt. Der Gasstrom 1 durchsetzt mehrere, in parallelen Ebenen angeordnete Elektrodengruppen senkrecht. Die Abscheideelektrode 5 ist als endloses, durchbrochenes Band ausgeführt, das sich mehrmals zwischen eine Sprühelektrode 3 mit Spitzen 4 und eine Reihe von Steuerelektroden 6 resp. zwischen zwei Reihen von Steuerelektroden 6 schiebt. Das Band wird über als Umlenkrollen wirkende Trommeln 11 geführt. Sämtliche Sprühelektroden 3 und sämtliche Steuerlektroden 6 befinden sich auf negativem Potential (Vorzeichen -), während die mehrfach Wirkende Abscheideelektrode 5 auf dem Potential Null, d.h. an Erde, liegt (Vorzeichen 0). Die Sprühelektroden 3 liegen am negativen Pol einer Gleich-Hochspannungsquelle 16 (Spannung U₁), während die Steuerelektroden 6 am negativen Pol einer zweiten Gleich-Hochspannungsquelle 17 (Spannung U₂) liegen. Die positiven Pole beider Hochspannungsquellen sind mit der Abscheideelektrode 5 verbunden und gemeinsam geerdet (Vorzeichen 0). Der Uebersichtlichkeit halber sind die Potentialverbindungen zwischen den Hochspannungsquellen und den Elektroden nur im oberen Teil der Figur eingezeichnet. Durch eine derartige Kaskadenschaltung mehrerer in Strömungsrichtung hintereinander liegender Elektrodengruppen wird der Abscheidegrad insbesondere bei Feinststaub verbessert.4 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes 3, a plurality of rows of control electrodes 6 and a circumferential, zigzag, multi-acting, band-shaped separation electrode 5. The gas stream 1 passes perpendicularly through a plurality of electrode groups arranged in parallel planes. The separation electrode 5 is designed as an endless, openwork band, which is repeatedly between a spray electrode 3 with tips 4 and a number of control electrodes 6 and. between two rows of control electrodes 6. The belt is guided over drums 11 acting as deflection rollers. All spray electrodes 3 and all control electrodes 6 are at negative potential (sign -), while the multi-acting separating electrode 5 is at zero potential, ie to earth (sign 0). The spray electrodes 3 are on the negative pole of a DC high-voltage source 16 (voltage U₁), while the control electrodes 6 are on the negative pole of a second DC high-voltage source 17 (voltage U₂). The positive poles of both high voltage sources are connected to the deposition electrode 5 and are grounded together (sign 0). For the sake of clarity, the potential connections between the high voltage sources and the electrodes are only shown in the upper part of the figure. Such a cascade connection of a plurality of electrode groups lying one behind the other in the flow direction improves the degree of separation, in particular in the case of very fine dust.

Fig. 5 stellt schematisch den Aufbau einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit mehreren Sprühelektroden 3, mehreren Reihen von Steuerelektroden 6 mehreren umlaufenden, parallel geführten bandförmigen Abscheidelektroden 5 dar. Der Aufbau ist ähnlich demjenigen der Fig. 4, mit dem Unterschied, dass hier 3 separate, im wesentlichen auf gleiche Art geführte, durchbrochene Bänder als Abscheideelektroden 5 verwendet werden. Die Anordnung der Sprühelektroden 3 und der Steuerelektroden 6 ist derjenigen der Fig. 4 ähnlich. Die Potentialverhältnisse sind grundsätzlich die gleichen. Auf eine Darstellung der Spannungsankopplung ist verzichtet worden. Im übrigen sind die Bezugszeichen die gleichen wie in Fig. 4.FIG. 5 schematically shows the construction of an embodiment of an electrostatic filter with a plurality of spray electrodes 3, a plurality of rows of control electrodes 6 and a plurality of revolving, parallel band-shaped separation electrodes 5. The construction is similar to that of FIG. 4, with the difference that here 3 separate, perforated tapes guided essentially in the same way can be used as separating electrodes 5. The arrangement of the spray electrodes 3 and the control electrodes 6 is similar to that of FIG. 4. The potential relationships are basically the same. The voltage coupling has not been shown. Otherwise, the reference numerals are the same as in FIG. 4.

In Fig. 6 ist der prinzipielle Aufbau (Längsschnitt) einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit umlaufender Abscheideelektrode 5 und nur einer Reihe von Steuerelektroden 6 dargestellt. 1 ist der mit Partikeln geladene, senkrecht nach unten in einem Kanal 2 geführte Gasstrom. Er durchsetzt die Ebene der Sprühelektrode 3 senkrecht. Dessen Spitzen 4 sind auf einem (beispielsweise quadratischen, rechteckigen oder hexagonalen) Raster angeordnet und weisen in Strömungsrichtung. 5 ist die umlaufende, endlose Abscheideelektrode (beispielsweise als durchbrochenes Band ausgeführt). Die auf ihr abgelagerten Staubpartikel sind als Punkte angedeutet. Als Umlenkrollen für die Abscheideelektrode 5 sind ausserhalb der Kanalwand 2 die in seitlichen Kammern untergebrachten Trommeln 11 vorhanden. Die Bewegungsrichtung ist durch Pfeile angedeutet. Der auf der Abscheideelektrode 5 niedergeschlagene Staub wird durch beidseitig wirkende Abstreifer (Schaber) 12 und durch ebenfalls beidseitig wirkende rotierende Reinigungsbürsten 13 entfernt. Mit 14 ist der Saubaustrag angedeutet, der jedoch in der Regel in der Praxis senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene erfolgt. Zwischen der Zuführungsseite und der Rückführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 befindet sich die in Form von parallelen Stäben ausgeführte Steuerelektrode 6. Zwischen den im vorliegenden Fall negativ geladenen Spitzen 4, welche als Ionenquelle (Koronaeffekt) dienen, und der äusseren Zuführungsseite der sich auf Potential Null befindlichen Abscheideelektrode 5 wird das beschleunigende elektrische Feld 7 aufgebaut. Es ist in Strömungsrichtung gerichtet. Ein gegen die Strömungsrichtung gerichtetes beschleunigendes elektrisches Feld 8 wird zwischen der negativ geladenen Steuerelektrode 6 und der inneren Zuführungsseite der Asbcheideelektrode 5 aufgespannt. Zwischen der Steuerelektrode 6 und der inneren Rückführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 besteht das in Strömungsrichtung gerichtete beschleunigende elektrische Feld 9. Die Trajektorien 10 deuten die Wanderungswege der geladenen Partikel an. Die aktiven Bauteile 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 und 13 sind in der Regel aus nichtrostendem bzw. korrosionsbeständigem Cr- oder Cr/Ni-Stahl gefertigt.6 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode 5 and only one row of control electrodes 6. 1 is the gas stream loaded with particles and guided vertically downwards in a channel 2. It penetrates the plane of the spray electrode 3 vertically. Its tips 4 are arranged on a (for example square, rectangular or hexagonal) grid and point in the direction of flow. 5 is the circumferential, endless deposition electrode (for example designed as a broken band). The dust particles deposited on it are indicated as dots. Outside of the channel wall 2, the drums 11, which are accommodated in lateral chambers, are present as deflection rollers for the separating electrode 5. The direction of movement is indicated by arrows. The dust deposited on the separating electrode 5 is removed by wipers (scraper) 12 acting on both sides and by rotating cleaning brushes 13 also acting on both sides. With 14 the discharge is indicated, which, however, usually takes place perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in practice. The control electrode 6, which is in the form of parallel rods, is located between the feed side and the return side of the separating electrode 5. Between the negatively charged tips 4, which act as an ion source (corona effect) serve, and the accelerating electric field 7 is built up on the outer supply side of the separating electrode 5 which is at zero potential. It is directed in the direction of flow. An accelerating electric field 8 directed against the direction of flow is spanned between the negatively charged control electrode 6 and the inner feed side of the aside electrode 5. Between the control electrode 6 and the inner return side of the separating electrode 5 there is the accelerating electric field 9 directed in the direction of flow. The trajectories 10 indicate the migration paths of the charged particles. The active components 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 13 are usually made of rustproof or corrosion-resistant Cr or Cr / Ni steel.

Fig. 7 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau (Längsschnitt) einer Ausführung eines Elektrofilters mit umlaufender Abscheideelektrode 5 und drei Reihen von Steuerelektroden 6. Die grundsätzliche Konzeption ist ähnlich derjenigen von Fig. 6, wobei sich die Bezugszeichen genau entsprechen. Im Zwischenraum zwischen der innneren Zuführungsseite und der inneren Rückführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5 sind jedoch zwei Reihen von Steuerelektroden 6 vorhanden. Ausserdem existiert noch eine weitere Reihe von Steuerelektroden 6 im Raum ausserhalb der äusseren Rückführungsseite der Abscheideelektrode 5.FIG. 7 shows the basic structure (longitudinal section) of an embodiment of an electrostatic precipitator with a peripheral separating electrode 5 and three rows of control electrodes 6. The basic concept is similar to that of FIG. 6, the reference numerals corresponding exactly. In the space between the inner feed side and the inner return side of the separating electrode 5, however, there are two rows of control electrodes 6. In addition, there is a further row of control electrodes 6 in the space outside the outer return side of the separating electrode 5.

AUSFÜHRUNGSBEISPIEL:EXAMPLE:

Siehe Figur 7 !See Figure 7!

Zur Entstaubung eines Gasstromes wurde in einem stark erweiterten Kanal ein elektrostatisches Filter eingebaut. Der mit Partikeln beladene Gasstrom 1 wurde senkrecht von oben nach unten geführt. Der bereits erweiterte Kanal 2 bestand aus einem Blech aus korrosionsbeständigem 18 Cr/8 Ni-Stahl und hatte einen lichten Querschnitt von 2,55 m². Die ebenfalls aus Cr/Ni-Stahl gefertigte Sprühelektrode 3 wies auf einem quadratischen Raster angeordnete Spitzen 4 von 20 mm Länge (in Strömungsrichtung) und 0,8 mm Abrundungsradius auf. Die Spitzen 4 bestanden ebenfalls aus korrosionsbeständigem Cr/Ni-Stahl und hatten einen gegenseitigen Abstand in beiden Hauptrichtungen von je 100 mm. Die umlaufende endlose Abscheideelektrode 5 war in Form von 3, senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene betrachtet, nebeneinander (hintereinander) angeordneten, parallel und synchron geführten durchbrochenen Stahlbändern ausgeführt. Die Bänder hatten eine Dicke von 0,5 mm und bestanden aus einem korrosionsbeständigen mit, speziellen Zusätzen legierten Cr/Ni-Stahl des Typs 18/8, jedoch mit hoher Steckgrenze im kaltgewalzten, annähernd federharten Zustand. Jedes Band wies in der Bewegungsrichtung angeordnete Schlitze in Form von an den Schmalseiten abgerundeten Langlöchern von 5 mm Breite und 56 mm Länge auf. Der Mittenabstand (Teilung) der Langlöcher in Längsrichtung (Bewegungsrichtung) betrug 119 mm, derjenige in Querrichtung 10 mm. Benachbarte Langlochreihen waren um je eine halbe Teilung in Längsrichtung gegeneinander versetzt. Die Bänder liefen über Trommeln 11 aus Cr/Ni-Stahl, welche einen Durchmesser von 250 mm hatten. Eine der Trommeln 11 war durch einen Elektromotor über ein Getriebe angetrieben. Die Fördergeschwindigkeit war zwischen ca. 1,5 mm/s und 85 mm/s einstellbar, was 1 Umlauf/h bzw. 60 Umläufe/h entsprach. Der Abstand der Bandoberfläche von den Spitzen 4 betrug 70 mm. Die Steuerelektroden 6 waren Stäbe aus Cr/Ni-Stahl mit 10 mm Durchmesser und 100 mm horizontalem Mittenabstand (Teilung) voneinander. Der vertikale Abstand der Mitten der Stäbe von der benachbarten Bandoberfläche betrug je 75 mm, der vertikale Abstand der Mitten der Stäbe unter sich 100 mm. Die Abstreifer (Schaber) 12 sowie die rotierenden Reinigungsbürsten 13 bestanden ebenfalls aus korrosionsbeständigem Cr/Ni-Stahl.An electrostatic filter was installed in a greatly expanded duct to remove dust from a gas stream. The gas stream 1 loaded with particles was guided vertically from top to bottom. Channel 2, which had already been expanded, consisted of a sheet of corrosion-resistant 18 Cr / 8 Ni steel and had a clear cross-section of 2.55 m². The spray electrode 3, also made of Cr / Ni steel, had tips 4 of 20 mm length arranged on a square grid (in the direction of flow) and 0.8 mm rounding radius. The tips 4 were also made of corrosion-resistant Cr / Ni steel and had a mutual distance in both main directions of 100 mm. The circumferential endless deposition electrode 5 was designed in the form of 3, viewed perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, side by side (one behind the other) arranged, parallel and synchronous perforated steel strips. The strips had a thickness of 0.5 mm and consisted of a corrosion-resistant type 18/8 Cr / Ni steel alloyed with special additives, but with a high plug-in limit in the cold-rolled, almost spring-hard condition. Each band had slots arranged in the direction of movement in the form of oblong holes 5 mm wide and 56 mm long rounded on the narrow sides. The center distance (division) of the elongated holes in the longitudinal direction (direction of movement) was 119 mm, that in the transverse direction 10 mm. Adjacent rows of slots were offset by half a pitch in the longitudinal direction. The strips ran over drums 11 made of Cr / Ni steel, which had a diameter of 250 mm. One of the drums 11 was driven by an electric motor via a gear. The conveying speed was adjustable between approx. 1.5 mm / s and 85 mm / s, which corresponded to 1 revolution / h or 60 revolutions / h. The distance of the tape surface from the tips 4 was 70 mm. The control electrodes 6 were rods made of Cr / Ni steel with a diameter of 10 mm and a horizontal center distance (pitch) from one another. The vertical distance between the centers of the bars from the adjacent strip surface was 75 mm, the vertical distance between the centers of the bars below them was 100 mm. The wipers (scrapers) 12 and the rotating cleaning brushes 13 were also made of corrosion-resistant Cr / Ni steel.

Die Anlage wurde mit einem mit Quarzstaub beladenen Gasstrom 1 betrieben. An die Sprühelektrode 3 wurde der negativ Pol einer Gleich-Hochspannungsquelle gelegt. Der positiv Pol wurde an die Abscheideelektrode 5 gelegt und gleichzeitig geerdet (Potential 0). An die Steuerelektroden 6 wurde der negative Pol einer weiteren Gleich-Hochspannungsquelle gelegt, während deren positiver Pol an Erde lag.The plant was operated with a gas stream 1 loaded with quartz dust. The negative pole of a DC high-voltage source was placed on the spray electrode 3. The positive pole was placed on the separating electrode 5 and at the same time grounded (potential 0). At the control electrodes 6 negative pole of another DC high-voltage source, while its positive pole was grounded.

Die Betriebsdaten stellten sich wie folgt:

Figure imgb0001
The operating data were as follows:
Figure imgb0001

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Die Abscheideelektrode 5 ist als durchbrochenes Förderband oder Wandergitter ausgebildet, die Steurelektrode 6 in Form von Stäben, Rastern oder Gittern. Als Mehrfach-Abscheideelektrode 5 sind in Strömungsrichtung hintereinander liegende, gleich- oder gegenlaüfig bewegte Förderbänder vorgesehen. Das Potential der Steuerelektroden 6 ist im allgemeinen demjenigen der Sprühelektrode 3 angepasst. Vorzugsweise wird sein absoluter Wert höher eingestellt als derjenige der Sprühelektrode 3. Im übrigen wird auf die Ausführungsvarianten der Figuren 1 bis 6 verwiesen.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment. The separating electrode 5 is designed as a perforated conveyor belt or traveling grating, the control electrode 6 in the form of bars, grids or grids. Conveyor belts lying one behind the other in the flow direction and moving in the same or opposite directions are provided as multiple separation electrodes 5. The potential of the control electrodes 6 is generally matched to that of the spray electrode 3. Its absolute value is preferably set higher than that of the spray electrode 3. For the rest, reference is made to the embodiment variants of FIGS. 1 to 6.

Claims (8)

1. Electrostatic filter apparatus for the continuous precipitation of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas stream (1), comprising
a) at least one corona discharge electrode (3) which has discharge tips (4) for charging the particles,
b) at least one precipitation electrode (5) for the particles which is constructed as an endless moveable conveyor belt with a feed and a return side, and
c) at least one grid-type or perforated control electrode (6) which has a similar potential to that of the corona discharge electrode (3), characterised
d) in that the at least one corona discharge electrode (3) and the precipitation electrode (5) are constructed with perforations in such a way that particles can pass through the electrodes,
e) in that the at least one corona discharge electrode (3), precipitation electrode (5) and control electrode (6) are arranged in planes essentially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gas stream (1),
f) in that electric fields (7, 9) for accelerating the charged particles are arranged essentially in the direction of the gas stream (1) or in the opposite direction thereto,
g) in that the discharge tips (4) of the corona discharge electrode (3) are essentially arranged in the direction of the gas stream (1), and also
h) in that the at least one control electrode (6) is arranged, viewed in the direction of flow of the gas strew (1), downstream of the precipitation electrode (5) in the gap between the plane of its feed side and the plane of its return side
i) and/or is arranged in the space downstream of the return side.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that two parallel control electrodes (6) are arranged in the gap between the plane of the feed side and the return side of the precipitation electrode (5).
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that two parallel control electrodes (6) are arranged in the gap between the plane of the feed side and the return side of the precipitation electrode (5) and a further control electrode (6) is arranged in the space downstream of the plane of the return side of the precipitation electrode (5).
4. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the precipitation electrode (5) is arranged as an endless conveyor belt repeatedly passing transversely through the gas strew (1) in the feed and return direction in a zigzag manner.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the precipitation electrode (5) is constructed in the form of a plurality of concurrent or countercurrent conveyor belts arranged behind one another in the direction of flow.
6. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that, viewed in the flow direction, a plurality of corona discharge electrodes (3) which are arranged in parallel and are separated from one another by at least one precipitation electrode (5) are provided.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the control electrodes (6) are at a potential whose absolute value is higher than the potential of the corona discharge electrode (3).
8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the at least one control electrode (6) is in the form of rods situated in one plane.
EP88909507A 1987-11-27 1988-11-17 Electrostatic filter for continuous separation of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas stream Expired - Lifetime EP0345309B1 (en)

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CH4637/87 1987-11-27
CH4637/87A CH673411A5 (en) 1987-11-27 1987-11-27

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BE636744A (en) * 1962-08-29
US3740927A (en) * 1969-10-24 1973-06-26 American Standard Inc Electrostatic precipitator
US3650092A (en) * 1970-08-17 1972-03-21 Gourdine Systems Inc Electrogasdynamic precipitator utilizing retarding fields
DE3418112A1 (en) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-21 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Dedusting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0345309A1 (en) 1989-12-13
DE3870231D1 (en) 1992-05-21
ATE74801T1 (en) 1992-05-15
WO1989004724A1 (en) 1989-06-01
CH673411A5 (en) 1990-03-15
AU2616288A (en) 1989-06-14

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