EP0340761B1 - Treibladungen für grosskalibrige Geschosse - Google Patents
Treibladungen für grosskalibrige Geschosse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0340761B1 EP0340761B1 EP89108044A EP89108044A EP0340761B1 EP 0340761 B1 EP0340761 B1 EP 0340761B1 EP 89108044 A EP89108044 A EP 89108044A EP 89108044 A EP89108044 A EP 89108044A EP 0340761 B1 EP0340761 B1 EP 0340761B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propellant
- propellent charge
- powder
- charges
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000586 desensitisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001004 polyvinyl nitrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/38—Separately-loaded propellant charges, e.g. cartridge bags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to propellant charges for large-caliber projectiles which contain propellant powder grains as a powder component.
- FR-A-2 418 781 describes compact, dense powder elements made of secondary explosive crystals and polymers.
- the polymer must direct and stabilize the burning of the high-energy explosive so that no deflagration or detonation occurs. It is therefore an indispensable, desensitizing component of the propellant powder.
- EP-A-0 005 112 describes propellant charges of particularly high charge density.
- the high loading density is achieved by packing at least two, preferably three powder components of different dimensions as densely as possible. To fix this state, binders are added that can also react with the powder components. The change in the powder surface caused thereby leads to an improvement in strength and the desired high charge density, but on the other hand to a desensitization and thus to poor ignition properties of the propellant charge.
- the task was therefore to find a propellant charge for large-caliber ammunition that burns completely, including its cartridge, and has a high mechanical strength.
- the load to be found should also offer the possibility of integrating a central lighting system and internal ballistic parameters that enable it to be used as a propellant for large-caliber bullets of various types.
- Suitable organic polymers are those polymers which have adhesive properties, harden to solid products and are not attacked in contact with propellant particles. They must be resistant to the plasticizers and other additives such as stabilizers or combustion moderators present in the powder grains. On the other hand, they must not contain any plasticizers, solvents or other additives that attack the powder grains. Polymers that have these properties are generally known. In preliminary tests it can easily be determined whether the polymer has the desired properties. Examples of polymers that can be used are the polyurethanes, polyolefins and polyvinyl compounds that harden to solid products such as polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl nitrate. Copolymers can also be used, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers.
- the polymers are preferably in foamed form as rigid foam.
- the foam should be as large as possible, so that it has a density between 15 and 20 kg / m3.
- the preferred foams are polyurethane foams and polyethylene foams.
- the former are used particularly with single-base propellant powders, the latter with multi-base propellant powders.
- the amount of the polymers used is at most 10% by weight, based on the molding.
- the minimum amount depends on the binding properties of the respective polymer and the desired burn-up data of the propellant charge. It is therefore possible to use the amount of polymer to modify the burnup data of the propellant charge in a desired direction.
- the upper limit of the polymer can be higher than when using non-foamed polymers; the latter are contained in the claimed propellant charges preferably in amounts between 0.2 and 5% by weight. If the polymers are in foamed form, they are generally between 1.5 and 8% by weight, preferably between 2.0 and 5% by weight, based on the charge.
- the propellant powder grains which are connected by the organic polymer are propellant powder grains known per se which are used as propellant charges for large-caliber projectiles. They can exist as a basic or multi-basic powder grains. The geometric shape can also be arbitrary; it depends on the desired burning characteristics and the intended use of the finished loads. You can consequently z. B. as tube powder, multi-hole powder, flake powder or tube powder and mixtures of these are present.
- the individual propellant grains are distributed homogeneously in the claimed molded body.
- the position and orientation of the individual grains with each other is irrelevant.
- the polymer need not fill the entire space between the grains; voids may remain between the grains.
- Such a form of implementation is even preferred and can be achieved in that the individual grains are coated in a first step with the not yet cured polymer and poured onto a desired shape in which the polymer is cured without pressure.
- the preparation is expediently carried out by pouring the propellant particles in the desired form onto a layer of the polymer which has not yet been foamed and then allowing the polymer to foam into the bulk powder.
- the temperature of the polymer must not exceed 100 ° C.
- the foam then penetrates evenly through the remaining gaps of the bulk powder during foaming and connects the individual grains to one another to form a solid, dimensionally stable charge. This charge then burns off like a pure bulk charge and leaves no residue.
- the claimed moldings preferably have a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, they can have a central bore in the cylinder axis. In this form, they are suitable as modules in a propellant charge system for large-caliber ones Bullets that are ignited with a central lighting system. These modules can be used directly and do not require a cartridge or sleeve made of combustible material. The length of the cylinders then corresponds to the length of the desired modules.
- the shaped bodies can also be used as support rings in known combustible propellant charge containers made of combustible material in order to give these containers better dimensional stability.
- a support ring can also form the end of such a known propellant charge container; in this case a central drilling is not necessary.
- the cylindrical or cylindrical shaped bodies can furthermore have further through-bores parallel to the central borehole in addition to the central bore for firing.
- This form of implementation is also preferably suitable in the event that the shaped bodies are used as support rings.
- the diameter of a central bore in a cylindrical shaped body can be up to 30% of the diameter of the cylinder. Further through holes parallel to the axis can have diameters up to this size; however, in those cases where an inventive propellant ring has three or more through bores, the cross sectional area of the through bores should not be more than half the cross sectional area of the cylinder.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cylinder according to the invention, which was produced by foaming 150 g of liquid, foamable polyurethane into a bed of 3,000 g of propellant charge powder particles (multi-hole powder) in a tube with a diameter of 157 mm.
- the propellant particles 1 are firmly embedded in the foam 2 after its foaming and curing.
- the height of the cylindrical propellant charge obtained was 185 mm.
- Figure 2 shows a cylinder, which was produced in the same way as that of Figure 1, partially cut away. It also contains a central bore 3, which was obtained in that a cylinder with the diameter of the bore 3 was arranged centrally in the tube into which the polyurethane and the powder grains were introduced, which was removed after the foam had cured.
- This body contains propellant powder grains of different geometries.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89108044T ATE99795T1 (de) | 1988-05-06 | 1989-05-03 | Treibladungen fuer grosskalibrige geschosse. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3815436A DE3815436A1 (de) | 1988-05-06 | 1988-05-06 | Treibladungen fuer grosskalibrige geschosse |
DE3815436 | 1988-05-06 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0340761A2 EP0340761A2 (de) | 1989-11-08 |
EP0340761A3 EP0340761A3 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
EP0340761B1 true EP0340761B1 (de) | 1994-01-05 |
Family
ID=6353764
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89108044A Expired - Lifetime EP0340761B1 (de) | 1988-05-06 | 1989-05-03 | Treibladungen für grosskalibrige Geschosse |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0340761B1 (no) |
AT (1) | ATE99795T1 (no) |
DE (2) | DE3815436A1 (no) |
ES (1) | ES2049273T3 (no) |
NO (1) | NO891755L (no) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4204318A1 (de) | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-20 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Treibladungsmodul |
DE4220063C1 (de) * | 1992-06-19 | 1993-11-18 | Thyssen Guss Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzschicht auf mit heißen Gasen, insbesondere Rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen Wänden |
DE19546582C2 (de) | 1995-12-13 | 1998-07-30 | Wolfhart Fritze | Manöverpatrone |
US5868424A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1999-02-09 | Oea, Inc. | Substantially smoke-free and particulate-free inflator for inflatable safety restraint system |
FR2781878B1 (fr) * | 1998-07-31 | 2001-02-16 | Giat Ind Sa | Procede de mise en oeuvre d'une substance pyrotechnique et initiateur pyrotechnique obtenu avec un tel procede |
US6176517B1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2001-01-23 | Autoliv Aspinc. | Gas generating apparatus |
US6334917B1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2002-01-01 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Propellant compositions for gas generating apparatus |
US6120626A (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-09-19 | Autoliv Asp Inc. | Dispensing fibrous cellulose material |
DE102010045383B4 (de) * | 2010-09-14 | 2014-01-16 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Treibladungskörper |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB513633A (en) * | 1937-03-04 | 1939-10-18 | American Cyanamid Co | Improvements in or relating to explosives |
GB534900A (en) * | 1939-08-17 | 1941-03-21 | American Cyanamid Co | Improvements in or relating to explosives |
US3049454A (en) * | 1955-08-15 | 1962-08-14 | Howard J Stark | Low density cellular explosive foam |
DE1214584B (de) * | 1962-10-02 | 1966-04-14 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Rieselfaehige Spreng- und/oder Treibsatz-mischungen auf der Basis von anorganischen und/oder organischen Explosivstoffen |
US3688697A (en) * | 1969-07-31 | 1972-09-05 | Aerojet General Co | Solid grain caseless ammunition propellant |
DE2448615C3 (de) * | 1974-10-11 | 1981-04-02 | Hercules Inc., 19899 Wilmington, Del. | Feste Treibmittel und ihre Verwendung |
DE2809279C3 (de) * | 1978-03-03 | 1980-11-27 | Deutsch-Franzoesisches Forschungsinstitut Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis (Frankreich) | Treibladungsmassen für Rohrwaffen |
FR2422925A1 (fr) * | 1978-04-13 | 1979-11-09 | France Etat | Chargement propulsif de munitions |
DE2843477C2 (de) * | 1978-10-05 | 1987-04-09 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Hülsenlose Treibmittelkörper |
DE3242106C1 (de) * | 1982-11-13 | 1984-06-14 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Treibladungsmassen für Rohrwaffen |
-
1988
- 1988-05-06 DE DE3815436A patent/DE3815436A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-04-27 NO NO89891755A patent/NO891755L/no unknown
- 1989-05-03 AT AT89108044T patent/ATE99795T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-05-03 ES ES89108044T patent/ES2049273T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-03 EP EP89108044A patent/EP0340761B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-03 DE DE89108044T patent/DE58906615D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO891755D0 (no) | 1989-04-27 |
DE3815436A1 (de) | 1989-11-16 |
EP0340761A3 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
ATE99795T1 (de) | 1994-01-15 |
EP0340761A2 (de) | 1989-11-08 |
DE58906615D1 (de) | 1994-02-17 |
ES2049273T3 (es) | 1994-04-16 |
NO891755L (no) | 1989-11-07 |
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