EP0340151B1 - Broyeur - Google Patents

Broyeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340151B1
EP0340151B1 EP89710033A EP89710033A EP0340151B1 EP 0340151 B1 EP0340151 B1 EP 0340151B1 EP 89710033 A EP89710033 A EP 89710033A EP 89710033 A EP89710033 A EP 89710033A EP 0340151 B1 EP0340151 B1 EP 0340151B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
beater
drum
screen
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89710033A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0340151A2 (fr
EP0340151A3 (en
Inventor
Theo Mertens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89710033T priority Critical patent/ATE86144T1/de
Publication of EP0340151A2 publication Critical patent/EP0340151A2/fr
Publication of EP0340151A3 publication Critical patent/EP0340151A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0340151B1 publication Critical patent/EP0340151B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer mill for comminuting grain according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Hammer mills of this type are used, for example, to process grain into animal feed.
  • a generic hammer mill is known in which a circular housing concentrically surrounds a sieve drum.
  • the sieve drum has a continuous sieve on the circumference.
  • One side wall of the sieve drum is closed in its surface, while in the other side wall there is an inlet for the grain to be ground.
  • Pre-cutting knives are arranged in the transition area from the inlet to the sieve drum, a deflecting disc preventing the pre-comminuted grain from axially penetrating into the interior of the sieve drum. The pre-shredded grain is rather displaced radially by the pre-cutting knives.
  • a fan is arranged between the closed side wall of the screen drum and the side wall of the housing opposite the inlet, the blades of which extend around the circumference of the screen of the screen drum.
  • a rotor On the drive shaft carrying the fan, a rotor is provided in the interior of the screening drum with a total of four sets of pivotable ones distributed over the circumference Hammer.
  • the hammer sets grind the grain and fling it through the sieve of the sieve drum.
  • the rotor also carries two diametrically opposite broaching tools with respect to the drive shaft between two sets of hammers. These are non-rotatably connected to the rotor.
  • the broaching tools do not serve as striking tools, but should only be used for the stickies, spindle parts and e.g. on the inside of the sieve drum. Peel broken corn to prevent the drum from becoming blocked.
  • the ground grain emerging from the peripheral side of the sieve drum is transported away by means of the blower via a conveyor pipe connected tangentially to the housing.
  • a hammer mill for crushing and separating grinding materials consisting of different materials is known, which is provided with an elongated housing having an inlet at one end, in which a hammer rotor provided on its underside is arranged which has differently designed hammers.
  • This hammer mill can be used to separate crushed stems or straws, e.g. of dried sugar cane, Chinese sugar cane, bamboo, reed, corn stalks and the like are used to separate their fiber and pulp components; also for separating high-quality and other fiber materials that are mixed with cement.
  • crushed stems or straws e.g. of dried sugar cane, Chinese sugar cane, bamboo, reed, corn stalks and the like are used to separate their fiber and pulp components; also for separating high-quality and other fiber materials that are mixed with cement.
  • the rotor is divided into a grinding zone and then into a beating zone.
  • the hammers in the grinding zone consist of a plurality of hammer groups next to each other, distributed over the length of the rotor, each of which has grinding, lifting and conveying hammers, while the hammers of the striking zone have strikers which enable gentle treatment of the coarse material passing through the striking zone, that is to say are designed in such a way that they do not essentially split the coarse material, but essentially only serve to separate the already existing fine material which adheres to the coarse material.
  • one type of hammers mainly serves to produce the grinding effect, another type primarily to convey and loosen the mixture which is passed through the grinding zone.
  • the milling hammers are provided with convex hammer surfaces and the lifting hammers with spoon-like hammer heads, while the end faces of the hammer heads are chamfered towards the outlet end of the conveyor hammers. Furthermore, the hammers are arranged with respect to the adjacent groups so that the grinding hammers, the lifting hammers and the conveyor hammers of adjacent groups are offset in relation to one another in the circumferential direction.
  • the milling hammers, lifting hammers and conveyor hammers of neighboring groups can each be arranged on a spiral in the course of the milling zone.
  • the object of the invention is to design it with simple means so that the grain is largely broken up and not ground with comparatively little energy expenditure.
  • the guide bat runs at a close distance from the drum wall and peels off the material located in the area of the drum wall, in such a way that it is directed onto the impact beater arranged behind it.
  • the impact beater is designed in such a way that the material lifted from the guide beater hits the impact beater at an acute angle, is smashed there and is thrown back in the direction of the drum wall. As far as the material is then already crushed to the desired grain size, it emerges through the sieve recesses in the sieve drum. Larger grains are picked up by the next leading beater and in turn fed to the impact beater in the same way as described above.
  • the guide plate of the guide paddle and the impact plate of the impact paddle can be varied over a wide range, depending on the design of the hammer mill and the material to be processed. Influencing factors here are the speed of the rotor, the radius of the screening drum, the material to be processed and the throughput.
  • the guide plate with its surface facing the drum wall can have an acute angle of approximately 30 ° to the drum tangent and the baffle plate with its surface can have an acute angle of approximately 60 ° to the drum tangent (tangent in the fictitious point of contact of the racket on the drum) .
  • the guide plate of the guide beater is aligned during operation of the hammer mill, that is to say when the rotor is rotated, by the centrifugal force in such a way that its front edge, viewed in the direction of rotation, runs at a close distance from the drum wall.
  • the guide plate passing near the drum wall lifts the material in the area of the drum wall and directs it along this plate in the direction of rotation to the rear, where it then hits the impact beater, smashed and in the direction of the sieve drum is thrown back.
  • This arrangement of the guide plate enables the material to be lifted from the drum wall with low frictional resistance and largely prevents the material from being ground between the guide plate and the drum wall.
  • guide or impact beaters can be arranged side by side on a rotor axis. However, preferably only one guide beater or one impact beater is articulated on each axis, which extends over the entire drum width. This offers the advantage that the material is gripped and broken over the entire drum width.
  • the air inside the drum can circulate freely between the rotor and the plates around the narrow support bodies located between them.
  • Such a training is favorable in terms of production technology, since overall few individual parts are to be provided.
  • the guide and baffle plates can, for example, be articulated to the associated axis on the rotor via supporting bodies provided in the outer region.
  • the supporting body and plate can be connected to one another, for example, by welding.
  • this design permits a relatively light construction of the rackets, which means a lower load on the rotor and in particular on the bearings accommodating the rotor.
  • the plates at the end of the support body can cover almost the entire drum width without causing a blower effect in the remaining area of the drum, since the air can circulate freely in the area of the relatively narrow support body.
  • the relative speed between the material in the drum and the rackets is advantageously increased, so that the material hits the disks at high speed and is broken.
  • the beaters are preferably mounted with limited articulation on an axis of the axes provided on the rotor, so that they can move backwards over a certain range in operation when they encounter obstacles such as small stones or the like. After overcoming such an obstacle, the rackets then automatically return to their intended working position due to the centrifugal force. In this way, premature wear or damage to the hammer mill by foreign bodies can be prevented on the one hand, and effective protection against overloading of the rotor and drive is formed on the other hand.
  • the hammer mill shown has a housing 1 in which a cylindrical sieve drum 2 is arranged.
  • the sieve drum 2 is formed by a sieve which is arranged cylindrically between the walls of the housing 1 and is laterally closed by the housing walls 3.
  • the screening drum 2 is arranged at a distance from the housing walls 4 and has on its upper side a loading opening 5 which can be completely or partially shut off by a slide 6.
  • the loading opening 5 is guided through the top of the housing 1 and at the same time forms the discharge opening of a storage container 7, which sits on the top of the mill housing 1.
  • the housing walls 3 are penetrated approximately in the middle by a shaft 8 of a rotor 9.
  • the shaft 8 is mounted in bearings 10 on the outside of the housing 1 and has a pulley 11 at one end, via which the mill can be connected to a drive unit.
  • the rotor 9 has two disks 12 fixedly connected to the shaft 8, between which axles 13 are fastened near their outer circumference.
  • the axes 13 are arranged parallel to the axis of rotation 14 of the shaft 8. As the section according to FIG. 1 shows, the axes 13 are all at the same radial distance from the axis of rotation 14 and are each distributed in pairs over the circumference.
  • a guide beater 15 or an impact beater 16 is mounted in a limited articulated manner on each axis 13. Seen in the direction of rotation 17 of the rotor 9, the guide beater 15 and the impact beater 16 are each arranged in pairs according to the axis distribution, the guide beater 15 lying in the direction of rotation 17 lying in front of the impact beater 16.
  • Each guide rack 15 consists of two support bodies 18 and a guide plate 19 attached to them.
  • the support bodies 18 are rod-shaped and articulated at one end to the associated axis 13.
  • the guide plate 19 connecting them is welded to the free outer end of the support body 18.
  • the guide plate 19 is arranged so that it can be freely pivoted within the screening drum 2 and runs in its operating position with the front edge at a close distance from the screening drum 2.
  • the guide plate 15 in the operating position shown (FIG. 1) forms an acute angle of approximately 30 ° with the tangent of the screening drum 2 at this point.
  • Each impact beater 16 likewise consists of two support bodies 20 and a baffle plate 21 connecting them.
  • the rod-shaped support bodies 20 are articulated at one end to the associated axis 13 and welded to the baffle plate 21 at their other end.
  • the baffle plate 21 is arranged so that it runs in the operating position with its rear edge at a close distance from the wall of the screen drum.
  • the baffle plate 21 forms an open angle in the direction of rotation 17 with the tangent of the screen drum 2 at this point of approximately 60 °.
  • the shaft 8 of the rotor 9 is driven in the direction of rotation 17 via the pulley 11 and a drive machine (not shown) connected to it.
  • the guide beater 15 and the impact beater 16 align themselves approximately radially due to the centrifugal force, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the front edges of the guide plates 19 and the rear edges of the baffle plates 21 run close to the screen drum wall.
  • Gravity, centrifugal force and air whirling within the sieve drum 2 then describe the material filled into the drum 2 a path near the drum wall, as is illustrated in FIG. 1 by the arrows shown.
  • the larger particles are at least partially thrown onto the sieve drum 2 by the recoil on the baffle plate 21 and likewise broken up. This process is repeated continuously by the following pairs of clubs 15, 16.
  • the material is continuously fed out of the storage container 7, and the broken up grain is discharged via a discharge opening 22 on the underside of the housing 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Concasseur ou broyeur à marteaux destiné au concassage de céréales, comportant un logement (1) ainsi qu'un tambour cribleur (2) agencé sur un axe horizontal et renfermé avec un certain espacement dans le logement (1) avec un crible sur le côté périphérique et une ouverture d'alimentation (5), un rotor (9) en rotation autour d'un axe horizontal (14) étant agencé coaxialement au tambour cribleur (2), rotor sur lequel sont montés en articulation des éléments de guidage (15) avec des bords avant coulissant de façon étanche le long du crible et soulevant les céréales du crible ainsi que les éléments à percussion (16) frappant les céréales, caractérisé par les particularités suivantes:
    a) le tambour cribleur (2) est obturé latéralement par les parois (3) du logement ;
    b) l'ouverture d'alimentation (5) est ménagée à travers le côté supérieur du logement (1) présentant au-dessous du tambour cribleur (2) une ouverture de prélèvement (22) et aboutissant radialement par le haut dans le tambour cribleur (2) ;
    c) un élément directionnel (15) sous forme d'un percuteur directionnel et d'un élément de percussion (16) formant une paire d'éléments de percussion accouplés ensemble, dans le sens de rotation l'élément percuteur avant étant conçu sous forme de percuteur directionnel ;
    d) les bords avant des éléments directionnels (15) s'étendant sur toute la largeur du crible font partie des plaques directionnelles (19) positionnées selon un angle aigu par rapport au crible en opposition au sens de rotation (17) ;
    e) les éléments percuteurs (16) possèdent par rapport aux plaques directionnelles (19) des plaques de percussion (21) s'étendant par rapport aux plaques directionnelles (19) en opposition au sens de marche (17) décalées sur le côté périphérique, dans le sens de rotation (17) formant un angle aigu par rapport au crible et s'étendant également sur toute la largeur du crible.
  2. Concasseur ou broyeur à marteaux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément directionnel (15) et chaque élément à percussion (16) comportant au moins un corps de support (18 ; 20) qui est logé sur une extrémité délimitée de façon articulée sur un axe (13) par plusieurs axes (13) prévus sur le rotor (9) et sur une autre extrémité possède la plaque directionnelle (19) ou la plaque à percussion (21) en tant qu'outil.
EP89710033A 1988-04-27 1989-04-26 Broyeur Expired - Lifetime EP0340151B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89710033T ATE86144T1 (de) 1988-04-27 1989-04-26 Muehle.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3814191A DE3814191C1 (fr) 1988-04-27 1988-04-27
DE3814191 1988-04-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0340151A2 EP0340151A2 (fr) 1989-11-02
EP0340151A3 EP0340151A3 (en) 1990-07-25
EP0340151B1 true EP0340151B1 (fr) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=6352988

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89710033A Expired - Lifetime EP0340151B1 (fr) 1988-04-27 1989-04-26 Broyeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0340151B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE86144T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3814191C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007042839A1 (de) 2007-09-10 2009-03-12 Bühler AG Schlagwerkzeug für eine Schlagmühle
RU174302U1 (ru) * 2016-06-14 2017-10-11 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное Учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный аграрный университет имени императора Петра 1" (ФГБОУ ВО Воронежский ГАУ) Устройство для измельчения

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE14865E (en) * 1920-05-25 Rotary hammer
US1871489A (en) * 1930-05-22 1932-08-16 Charles D Ammon Combination hammer and cutter for hammer mills
US3011220A (en) * 1958-05-13 1961-12-05 Univ Louisiana State Apparatus for separating mixtures of coarse and fine materials
AT361762B (de) * 1979-11-23 1981-03-25 Buchmann & Co Schrotmuehle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE86144T1 (de) 1993-03-15
DE3814191C1 (fr) 1989-08-31
EP0340151A2 (fr) 1989-11-02
EP0340151A3 (en) 1990-07-25

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