EP2155395B1 - Broyeur à impacts - Google Patents

Broyeur à impacts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2155395B1
EP2155395B1 EP08749324.3A EP08749324A EP2155395B1 EP 2155395 B1 EP2155395 B1 EP 2155395B1 EP 08749324 A EP08749324 A EP 08749324A EP 2155395 B1 EP2155395 B1 EP 2155395B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beating elements
hammer mill
rotor
elements
mill according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08749324.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2155395A1 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Behrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amandus Kahl GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Amandus Kahl GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amandus Kahl GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Amandus Kahl GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP08749324.3A priority Critical patent/EP2155395B1/fr
Publication of EP2155395A1 publication Critical patent/EP2155395A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2155395B1 publication Critical patent/EP2155395B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer mill with a housing, with a motor, with a rotatably driven by the motor rotor with a holder, on the outer circumference of parallel rod-shaped striking elements are mounted, arranged within the annular region feed openings for the material to be crushed and with an annular, the holder and the impact elements enclosing screen element, on the inner surface of which parallel rod-shaped counter-impact elements are arranged.
  • a previously known hammer mill (EP 0 556 645 B1 ) comprises a housing having a horizontal plate with feed openings and a container with a conical discharge nozzle.
  • a rotor with beaters in the form of hinged hammers, which is enclosed by a box-shaped sieve.
  • the crushing process but has a number of significant disadvantages.
  • the high rotational speed of the annular layer of the comminution material in the same direction as that of the rotor rotation substantially reduces the effectiveness of the hammer blow.
  • the friction principle predominates In this process, the impact principle, which finally has the irregular milling with a high content of dust-like fractions, high energy requirements and a heavy wear of work tools result.
  • Articulated suspended hammers are avoided in a hammer mill of the type mentioned in the beginning (Firmenschrift Bauerhoff, universal mills universal mills).
  • rod-shaped impact elements are used, which are arranged in an annular support of a rotor.
  • the striking elements and the annular support a sieve element is arranged, which is provided with counter-impact elements. The introduced from inside material moves outwards and downwards due to gravity and centrifugal force, until it hits the impact elements and is crushed by them. Only accelerated, but not yet sufficiently finely ground material then hits the counter-impact elements. The sufficiently shredded material then penetrates through the sieve element to the outside.
  • the disadvantage of this known impact mill is that the material is introduced relatively far in the interior of the room, which is enclosed by the annular support and the striking elements. The material is thereby gradually accelerated by the air swirls prevailing in the interior, generated by the rotating impact elements, so that the relative velocity of the particles with respect to the impact elements is lower than if the particles had no peripheral velocity component. Thus, since the impact elements do not strike the particles at full speed, the crushing effect is worse, at least for many purposes, than if the Impact elements meet more or less at rest particles.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a hammer mill of the type mentioned, with a better crushing can be achieved and requires less energy.
  • the rotor with the support and the annular sieve are, in contrast to the prior art, where they are aligned vertically aligned with its symmetry or ring plane horizontally.
  • the feed openings for the material are also arranged close to the edge of the rotor and provided with deflecting means for guiding the material to be shredded against the upper regions of the striking elements.
  • the particles are not gradually accelerated but, while practically at rest, are struck and smashed by the striking elements. In this way one obtains a particularly effective comminution.
  • the impact elements and / or the counter-impact elements have a rectangular cross-section. Particularly advantageous is square cross-section. In many cases, other cross-sectional shapes prove more advantageous, for example, round, triangular, polygonal or trapezoidal.
  • Corresponding striking elements and counter-impact elements can be easily produced from commercially available rolled steel rods. Of course, this steel should be particularly resistant to abrasion.
  • the cross section of the impact elements is greater than the cross section of the counter-impact elements.
  • the length of the counter-impact elements is advantageously greater than that of the striking elements.
  • the striking elements and the counter-striking elements move past each other at a distance ranging from a few millimeters to about 2 cm. This distance depends on the material to be crushed, the desired grain size and the like.
  • the motor is arranged above the rotor and the sieve mounted on a vertically movable support.
  • the housing has a closable with a flap opening. In the region of this opening, the sieve can be moved and can be removed from the hammer mill after the flap is opened. This allows a particularly simple replacement of the sieve element. Then you have access to the rotor with the impact elements.
  • the rotor has a disc-shaped plate, which is provided in the central region between the central axis and the circumference with openings and over which project the impact elements up and down. Particles that have not yet been crushed enough and fall off are prevented from falling further by the disk-shaped plate. Through the openings, the particles can not penetrate it, since they are driven by the centrifugal force to the outside. Also, the screen member is provided at the bottom with a disk-shaped plate provided with a central opening.
  • the openings serve the air circulation. Due to the rotating impact elements, air is moved from the inside to the outside, just like a radiator fan. The air then passes through the sieve and passes through the central opening of the sieve and the openings of the plate of the holder of the striking elements back into the interior of the Impact elements, from where the air is driven outwards again. It thus takes place a cycle that favors that sufficient fine-grained material is driven through the sieve to the outside. The circulation of air could cause some of the fine-grained material to cycle again. However, an essential part will fall down and collected by the conically narrowing housing part, at the lower opening of the crushed material can be removed.
  • the hammer mill of the invention is universally applicable. It can not only for the production of feed, but z. B. be used for crushing wood. It is only necessary, the hammer mill the corresponding. Adapt conditions by appropriate rotational speeds, distances between striking elements and counter-impact elements and also suitable insertion slots are selected.
  • hammer mill shown has a housing 1 with a lower cone-shaped part 2, in which the crushed material is collected and discharged down, and a Flap 3, through which, as will be described, access to the interior of the housing 1 can be obtained and the screen element can be removed.
  • the in Fig. 1 not shown rotor with the holder and the striking elements is driven by a motor 4.
  • the material to be crushed is introduced through shafts 5, and passes through arranged at the bottom of the wells 5 openings in an upper plate 6 of the housing in the interior of the hammer mill. 1
  • Fig. 2 the rotor 20 is shown with the holder 7 in the form of a disk-shaped plate for the striking elements 8, which protrude upwards and downwards over the holder 7.
  • the holder 7 with the striking elements 8 is driven as mentioned by the motor 4 rotating.
  • the material falls through the shafts 5 against the above projecting ends of the striking elements 8 due to the deflection by deflectors 9.
  • a sieve element 10 is arranged, the counter-impact elements 11 having substantially the Impact elements 8 correspond, but are longer and have smaller cross-section.
  • the screen element 10 is shown in the position in which it is driven by a support 12 down so that it can be removed through the flap 3.
  • the support 12 can be moved by linear lifting devices 13 up or down and also pivoted in the lower position about an axis 21 to the outside, so that the screen element 10 can be easily replaced.
  • the embodiment of the Fig. 3 is different from the one of Fig. 2 in that there is only one linear lifting device 13 for the support 12 for the sieve element 10 on one side of the support 12 has. If the screen element 10 is driven upwards, it is held there by clamping lever 22, which are rotated for this purpose.
  • FIG. 4 shown rotor with the plate-shaped holder 7 and the striking elements 8 not only shows that the striking elements 8 protrude up and down on the bracket. Rather, openings 14 in the plate 7 are shown.
  • a lower annular element 15 increases the stability of the rotor.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which two concentric rows of striking elements 8 are provided.
  • Various possible cross-sectional shapes of the striking elements 8 are in Fig. 6 shown
  • the sieve element 10 is in Fig. 7 shown. There are clearly the counter-impact elements 11 and the sieve ring surrounding surrounding sieve 18 to see. Also, the screen element 10 has a plate-shaped disc 16, which is provided with a central opening 17. Instead of a central opening 17, the disc 16 may also be provided with perforations which extend over the entire disc or only the central part thereof.
  • the mode of action of the hammer mill is the following.
  • the raw material is passed through the shafts 5 and the feed openings in the plate 6 through the baffles 9 against the upper ends of the striking elements 8.
  • the material to which the striking elements 8 meet at full speed partially crushed and then leaves under the action of centrifugal force, the rotor, the Holder 7 and the striking elements 8, and reaches the sieve element 10.
  • the material to be crushed is divided into two streams. The one stream of small particles passes out through the holes in the screen element 10 and can be removed.
  • the other stream of larger particles changes its direction when colliding with the counter-striking elements 11 and passes back into the rotor 20, in particular also the lower part thereof, where it is comminuted by the striking elements 8, which also extend into the lower part. After each stroke of the impact elements 8 against the material to be shredded this is thrown back onto the cylindrical sieve surface of the sieve element 10, where it is separated. Fine particles that have passed through the holes in the screen 18 under the action of centrifugal force are led outside the housing 1 as a finished product. Larger particles which can not pass through the holes in the sieve of the sieve element 10 are returned to the process described above.
  • a ring-like air-product layer is formed which occupies the entire height of the screen of the screen element 10.
  • the degree of saturation of the air-product layer with the particles of the material to be crushed depends on the nature of the material to be ground and the parameters and operation of the hammer mill, among other things, the linear velocity of the impact elements 8 of the rotor 20, the height and the Diameter of the sieve 18, the sieve element 10, the gap size between the striking elements 8 and the counter-striking elements 11, the diameter of the sieve holes and other circumstances.
  • the at least one opening 17 is provided in the central region of the bottom 16 of the screen element 10, through the air into the interior of the rotor 7, 8 is steered.
  • the air passes through the openings 14 in the plate 15 again in the upper region of the rotor 7, eighth

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Broyeur à percussion avec un boîtier (1), avec un moteur (4), avec un rotor (20) entraîné en rotation par le moteur (4), avec un support (7) sur la périphérie extérieure duquel sont fixés des éléments de percussion (8) parallèles en forme de tiges, avec des ouvertures d'alimentation disposées à l'intérieur de la zone annulaire pour le matériau à broyer et avec un élément de tamisage (10) annulaire entourant le rotor (20) avec les éléments de percussion (8), sur la surface interne duquel sont disposés des contre-éléments de percussion (11) parallèles en forme de tiges, caractérisé en ce que
    - le rotor (20) et l'élément de tamisage (10) sont orientés horizontalement,
    - les éléments de percussion (8) dépassent vers le haut et vers le bas du support (7),
    - les ouvertures d'alimentation sont disposées près de la périphérie du support annulaire (7) et sont munies de dispositifs déflecteurs (9) permettant de diriger le matériau à broyer contre les zones supérieures des éléments à percussion (8).
  2. Broyeur à percussion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de percussion (8) et/ou les contre-éléments de percussion (11) présentent une section rectangulaire, plus particulièrement carrée.
  3. Broyeur à percussion selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de percussion (8) et/ou les contre-éléments de percussion (11) présentent une section ronde, triangulaire, polygonale ou trapézoïdale.
  4. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de percussion (8) et les contre-éléments de percussion (11) sont constitués d'acier.
  5. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la section des contre-éléments de percussion (11) est plus petite que celle des éléments de percussion (8).
  6. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les contre-éléments de percussion (11) sont plus longs que les éléments de percussion (8).
  7. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, en plus des éléments de percussion (8) parallèles en forme de tiges disposés sur la périphérie extérieure du support (7) du rotor (20), et à l'intérieur de ceux-ci, se trouve au moins une rangée d'éléments de percussion (8) disposés en rangées incurvées, par exemple des rangées concentriques ou des rangées ellipsoïdales, ou en rangées formant des polygones.
  8. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le moteur (4) se trouve au-dessus du rotor (20), en ce que l'élément de tamisage (10) est logé sur un support (12) et en ce que le boîtier (1) comprend une ouverture pouvant être fermée avec un clapet (3), de laquelle l'élément de tamisage (10) peut être extrait une fois déplacé vers le bas hors de la zone du rotor (7, 8).
  9. Broyeur à percussion selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le support (12) est pivotant.
  10. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le rotor (20) comprend une plaque (7) en forme de rondelle, qui est munie, dans la zone centrale, entre l'axe central et la périphérie, d'ouvertures (14), et en ce que l'élément de tamisage (10) est muni, en bas, d'une plaque (16) en forme de rondelle munie d'une ouverture centrale (17).
  11. Broyeur à percussion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la partie inférieure du boîtier (1) est présente une forme conique (2) pour collecter le matériau broyé.
EP08749324.3A 2007-05-04 2008-05-05 Broyeur à impacts Not-in-force EP2155395B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08749324.3A EP2155395B1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2008-05-05 Broyeur à impacts

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07009053A EP1987883A1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Broyeur à impacts
EP08749324.3A EP2155395B1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2008-05-05 Broyeur à impacts
PCT/EP2008/003596 WO2008135267A1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2008-05-05 Broyeur à impact

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2155395A1 EP2155395A1 (fr) 2010-02-24
EP2155395B1 true EP2155395B1 (fr) 2013-08-21

Family

ID=38542131

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07009053A Withdrawn EP1987883A1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Broyeur à impacts
EP08749324.3A Not-in-force EP2155395B1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2008-05-05 Broyeur à impacts

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07009053A Withdrawn EP1987883A1 (fr) 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Broyeur à impacts

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1987883A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008135267A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0556645B1 (fr) * 1992-02-21 1995-12-20 Bühler Ag Broyeur à marteaux
JP3947913B2 (ja) * 2002-02-19 2007-07-25 株式会社サタケ 穀物の衝撃式粉砕装置
JP4289013B2 (ja) * 2003-05-13 2009-07-01 株式会社サタケ 穀物の衝撃式粉砕装置
DE102005029899A1 (de) * 2005-06-25 2007-01-04 Gotic Gmbh Messerschneidmühle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1987883A1 (fr) 2008-11-05
WO2008135267A1 (fr) 2008-11-13
EP2155395A1 (fr) 2010-02-24

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