EP0335763A1 - Vorrichtung zur Abgabe einer Mischung aus einer pastenartigen Substanz und mindestens einer zusätzlichen Substanz, insbesondere in Form eines gestreiften Stranges, und Abgabekopf einer solcher Vorrichtung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Abgabe einer Mischung aus einer pastenartigen Substanz und mindestens einer zusätzlichen Substanz, insbesondere in Form eines gestreiften Stranges, und Abgabekopf einer solcher Vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0335763A1
EP0335763A1 EP89400686A EP89400686A EP0335763A1 EP 0335763 A1 EP0335763 A1 EP 0335763A1 EP 89400686 A EP89400686 A EP 89400686A EP 89400686 A EP89400686 A EP 89400686A EP 0335763 A1 EP0335763 A1 EP 0335763A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additive
capsule
dispensing
central channel
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400686A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0335763B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Louis Guéret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOreal SA
Original Assignee
LOreal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR888804022A external-priority patent/FR2629058B1/fr
Application filed by LOreal SA filed Critical LOreal SA
Publication of EP0335763A1 publication Critical patent/EP0335763A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0335763B1 publication Critical patent/EP0335763B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/68—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them
    • B65D83/682—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them the products being first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head
    • B65D83/685—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them the products being first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head with one product being located in a chamber within, or forming part of, the dispensing head, e.g. for admixture during dispensing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D35/00—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor
    • B65D35/24—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor with auxiliary devices
    • B65D35/242—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor with auxiliary devices for mixing or discharging of two or more components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for dispensing a mixture of pasty substance and at least one additive, in particular in the form of a striated bead, of the type which includes a container and a dispensing head provided with a closing means and fixed to the container by fixing means cooperating with holding means linked to the container, said head comprising a central channel open at both ends, closed by a side wall and opening into a head outlet duct, said side wall comprising at least one auxiliary channel, the dispensing head being constituted by a removable capsule which comprises a reservoir containing the additive and communicating with the capsule outlet conduit by at least one of the above-mentioned channels.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to make this device such that it better meets the various requirements of practice than hitherto and that, in particular, it makes it possible to modify the proportion, in the striated cord, of pasty substance and additive. It is further desirable that the contact between the two products takes place as late as possible, in order to avoid chemical, physical or other incompatibilities. This also makes it possible to distribute two products of different viscosities.
  • a device of the kind defined above is characterized in that the side wall of the central channel comprises, at its end situated on the outlet side, passages, in particular formed by notches, and that a spout distributor is rotatably mounted on the end corresponding to the capsule, this dispensing spout comprising means for modifying the free section of the passages, according to the angular position occupied by this dispensing spout.
  • the device comprises a cover comprising a skirt capable of closing the passages of the wall of the central channel.
  • the dispensing head comprises a piston arranged in the reservoir containing the additive and capable of sliding in leaktight manner in this reservoir, the piston separating the additive from the substance which serves to propel it out of the capsule.
  • the reservoir containing the additive can be constituted by the internal part of the central channel, and communicates with the outlet orifice of the capsule by one end of the central channel, the piston being housed in the internal part of this central channel, the face of the piston facing the outlet having the shape of a disc.
  • the disc can be bordered by a skirt turned on the side opposite to the outlet of the capsule.
  • the internal part of the central channel comprises, at its end opposite to the outlet of the additive, means for retaining the piston, these retaining means being constituted, in particular, by a flange projecting radially inwards. .
  • the capsule can advantageously be made of transparent material, and at least one radial partition can connect the internal surface of the housing and the external surface of the reservoir, to enable the level of the content in the reservoir to be viewed.
  • the reservoir containing the additive is formed by the space surrounding the central channel, comprised between the external lateral wall of this central channel and the wall internal lateral side of the capsule housing, this space communicating with the capsule outlet orifice by at least one of the auxiliary channels;
  • the piston then has the shape of a ring comprising a central hole whose edge is capable of sliding in leaktight manner against the external wall of the central channel while the external edge of this ring is capable of sliding in sealed manner against the internal wall of the capsule housing.
  • the flow rate of the product which passes through the openings of adjustable section can vary from a maximum value up to a zero flow rate corresponding to the total closure for said product.
  • two identified angular positions are provided for the dispensing spout and correspond to two different passage sections.
  • the main container is constituted by an element of the assembly formed by a screw stick, a flexible tube, a piston or pump distributor, or a pressure container of the foam aerosol type; connecting means are provided between the additive capsule and the main container to ensure proper maintenance of the two parts and to prevent rotation of the capsule or dose of additive.
  • the invention also relates to a dispensing head, for such a device, comprising the characteristics mentioned above.
  • This reservoir is consisting of the internal part of a central channel 314 provided in a dispensing head 302, or tracing dose, independent of the container 301.
  • This head can receive a cover 307 and is fixed to the container 301 using a thread internal 328 suitable for cooperating with a corresponding external thread 329 provided on the neck of the container 301.
  • the container 301 can be formed by a flexible tube, a pump or piston container, or an aerosol can with or without a pocket.
  • the reservoir 322 is closed, at its upper part, by a conical wall 313 comprising, at its top, an orifice 315 extended by an outlet chimney which opens into the outlet conduit 316 of the capsule.
  • the lid 307 has a central pin 335 is adapted to engage in the orifice 315 to close.
  • the annular space between the outer surface of the cylindrical wall 312 of the reservoir and the inner surface of the housing 305 of the capsule is used for the passage of the pasty substance 303 coming from the container 301.
  • Lower lateral passages such as A, B are provided to the lower part of the cylinder 312, and in a transverse wall 350 which connects the cylinder 312 to the outer casing 305, as well as to the cylindrical skirt comprising the internal thread 328.
  • the walls of the housing 305 and of the tank 322 are made of transparent material and at least one radial partition V, made of the same material, connects the internal surface of the housing 305 and the external surface of the tank 322.
  • at least one radial partition V made of the same material, connects the internal surface of the housing 305 and the external surface of the tank 322.
  • several partitions V are regularly distributed, from an angular point of view, as illustrated in FIG. 3. These partitions V extend longitudinally along the useful length of the tank 322.
  • the partitions V establish a transparent connection making it possible to visualize the level of the content in the tank 322.
  • the capsule 302 is then molded entirely from a transparent material.
  • the cylinder 312 has, at its upper end, notches 345 to allow the product coming from the container 301 and passing through the annular space, to pass through the wall of the cylinder 312 and arrive in the outlet conduit 316.
  • the dispensing head comprises a piston 351 disposed in the reservoir 322, and capable of sliding in leaktight manner in this reservoir.
  • Piston 351 separates additive 304 from the substance pasty 303 and is at the bottom of the tank 322 when the latter is put into service while being filled with the additive.
  • the face 352 of the piston facing the outlet of the reservoir has the shape of a solid disc and is bordered, on its periphery, by a flexible skirt 353 directed towards the bottom of the reservoir 322 and suitable for establishing a seal against the internal wall.
  • the cross section of this skirt has a concave shape facing said internal wall.
  • the skirt 353 has two peripheral lips 354, 355 for support.
  • the disc 352 is integral with a cylindrical wall 356 opening towards the container 301 and whose external diameter is less than the internal diameter of the skirt 353.
  • the transverse wall 350 has a flange 350 a which projects radially inwards into the central channel 314 and constitutes means for retaining the piston 351.
  • the end of the capsule situated on the side of the product outlet is equipped with a dispensing spout 357 rotatably mounted on said end.
  • This spout is formed by a crown 358 whose outer edge is secured to a cylindrical skirt 359 which covers the end of reduced thickness of the wall 305; the crown 358 has a central hole, the edge of which is integral with a cylindrical skirt 360 suitable for sealingly engaging inside the reservoir 322.
  • This internal skirt has, in its wall, openings 361, in particular rectangular which , by rotation of the spout 357, can be placed totally or partially opposite the notches 345, which makes it possible to vary the proportion of pasty substance, relative to the pasty additive, in the bead delivered by the spout 357.
  • the conical wall 313 is solid, by its base, of the lower edge of the skirt 360.
  • the spout 357 comprises, on the side opposite to the capsule, a cylindrical collar 362, on which the cover 307 engages by an internal groove 363.
  • This groove 363 is delimited, radially inwards, by a cylindrical skirt 364 which projects downwards, and which is long enough to close the openings 361 and the notches 345 when the cover 307 is in place on the spout 357.
  • the capsule 302 can thus be stored pending assembly on a container 301.
  • the cover 307 and the skirt 364 can be snapped or snapped into the spout 357 to close it in leaktight manner.
  • the pasty substance 303 passes through the openings A, B, as indicated by the arrows F1 in FIG. 1 to flow through the annular space in the direction of the openings 345.
  • part of the pasty substance 303 enters the reservoir 322 and pushes the piston 351.
  • the pasty additive 304 is thus expelled through the central opening 315, to form a central thread inside the peripheral bead of pasty substance which flows through the passages 345 and the openings 361.
  • the piston 351 makes it possible to avoid any migration of the pasty substance 303 into the additive 304, of different color.
  • the additive 304 thus remains perfectly authentic while the capsule is mounted on the container 301.
  • the additive 304 When the capsule 302 is stored, pending use, the additive 304 will be protected, downwards, by the sealing of the piston 351 and, upwards, by the sealing of the pin 335 a of the cover 307 and the internal skirt 364 which closes the notches 345.
  • an air recovery can occur.
  • the piston 351 which can move back, prevents a suction of the pasty additive in the container 301.
  • the passages A, B ... provided for the pasty substance 303 allow it to be pumped into the container 301 before the return of piston 351.
  • the capsule 302 may correspond to one dose (for example, it will be necessary to use five doses to exhaust the contents of the container or tube 301), or be mounted at a final post, after storage, for the total duration of the container or tube. 301.
  • This device can be suitable for cosmetic, hair or sun, or even pharmaceutical products.
  • the capsule could include all kinds of applicator tips, for example balls, spatulas, sponges, etc.
  • the variation in the passage sections of the openings can result either from a simple rotational movement of the dispensing spout 357 as in FIG. 1, in which case the variation in section comes essentially from a variation in the peripheral extent of the opening, or a combined movement of rotation and axial sliding of the dispensing spout, in which case a variation in the height of the passage section of the openings occurs.
  • the axial sliding of the dispensing spout corresponds to an ascent or descent of this spout on the body of the tracer dose.
  • the combined movement of rotation and axial sliding of the dispensing spout can be obtained by a system of combined helical ramps, provided on the dispensing spout and the wall of the capsule, or by an equivalent system.
  • the dispensing spout may be in the form of a rotary push-button, while the tracing capsule or dose comprises anti-rotation and guide ribs which enter into corresponding grooves provided in the upper part of the reservoir, or " to dispense”.
  • the reservoir 422 containing the pasty additive 404 is constituted by the annular space surrounding the central channel 414, this space being included between the cylindrical wall 412 limiting the channel 414 and the internal side wall of the housing 405.
  • the piston 451 has the shape of a ring comprising a central hole, the edge of which is provided with an internal skirt 464 capable of sliding in leaktight manner against the external wall of the central channel.
  • the outer edge of this ring is also provided with a skirt 465 sliding in leaktight manner against the internal wall of the housing 405.
  • the two skirts are turned towards the bottom of the capsule.
  • the upper end of the wall of the central channel has notches 445 to allow the pasty additive 404 to flow radially inward and come to form streaks at the periphery of the central bead coming from channel 414.
  • the capsule is surmounted by a dispensing spout 457 rotatably mounted which has a central passage 415 and openings 461 suitable for facing, partially or totally, with the notches 445 in order to allow the proportions of products to be adjusted.
  • the dispensing spout 457 has a neck 462 provided with an external thread onto which the closure cover 407 is screwed.
  • the substance 403 By pressing the walls of the reservoir 401, generally formed by a tube, the substance 403 is expelled, which flows through the central channel 414 and, simultaneously, passes through the orifices A, B, and pushes the piston 451.
  • the pasty additive 404 under the action of the piston 451 is expelled through the notches or slots 445 and the openings 461. This additive comes, outside the bead of pasty substance 403 passing through the orifice 415, streaks of different color, the width of which will depend on the dosing position given to the dispensing spout 457.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 makes it possible to reduce the additive flow rate to a zero value by completely closing the openings.
  • the dispensing spout 457 could be arranged in the form of a pouring spout with an appendage of lateral exit.
  • the central channel 412 instead of surrounding the central passage 415, as shown in FIG. 4, can be engaged inside this passage 415; with a lateral outlet on the spout 457, it is possible to provide a bottom, in the upper part, comprising a pin directed downwards, suitable for closing the channel 412, when the spout 457 descends.
  • the axial stroke of the pouring spout is provided to allow the lateral openings to be completely closed, then, only afterwards, to close the channel 412 by the pin.
  • the additive 304 or 404 has a pasty consistency.
  • a sponge in particular made of open cell polymer material.
  • This sponge would occupy the volume of the additive 304 or 404 shown in the drawings.
  • This sponge is impregnated with the liquid additive to which a certain amount of surfactant has advantageously been added.
  • Each compression of said sponge caused by the rise of the piston 351, 451 under the pressure of the pasty substance 303, 403, a certain volume of liquid additive is released and distributed with the pasty substance.
  • this additive is released in the form of a foam, each time the sponge is compressed and is distributed with the pasty substance in the form of a striated bead.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
EP89400686A 1988-03-28 1989-03-13 Vorrichtung zur Abgabe einer Mischung aus einer pastenartigen Substanz und mindestens einer zusätzlichen Substanz, insbesondere in Form eines gestreiften Stranges, und Abgabekopf einer solcher Vorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0335763B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR888804022A FR2629058B1 (fr) 1987-05-25 1988-03-28 Dispositif pour la distribution d'un melange de substance pateuse et d'au moins un additif pateux, notamment sous forme de cordon strie, et tete de distribution d'un tel dispositif
FR8804022 1988-03-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0335763A1 true EP0335763A1 (de) 1989-10-04
EP0335763B1 EP0335763B1 (de) 1993-05-26

Family

ID=9364685

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89400686A Expired - Lifetime EP0335763B1 (de) 1988-03-28 1989-03-13 Vorrichtung zur Abgabe einer Mischung aus einer pastenartigen Substanz und mindestens einer zusätzlichen Substanz, insbesondere in Form eines gestreiften Stranges, und Abgabekopf einer solcher Vorrichtung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4964541A (de)
EP (1) EP0335763B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0257585A (de)
DE (1) DE68906701T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2040479T3 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996026869A1 (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-06 James Owen Camm Dual material dispenser comprising two containers in head to tail arrangement
EP0737629A1 (de) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-16 Wella Aktiengesellschaft Aufsatz zum Zumischen mindestens eines Produkts in Form mindestens eines Schaumstrangstreifens für einen Behälter zum Abgeben eines schaumförmigen Produkts

Families Citing this family (21)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2659632B1 (fr) * 1990-03-14 1992-10-16 Cebal Distributeur de produit pateux melange d'un produit pateux secondaire et son utilisation.
JP2577954Y2 (ja) * 1993-10-28 1998-08-06 鐘紡株式会社 混合容器
US5746357A (en) * 1996-04-22 1998-05-05 Essex Specialty Products, Inc. Plunger and apparatus useful in extruding or dispensing viscous materials
DE19730424A1 (de) 1997-07-16 1999-01-21 Henkel Teroson Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Lagern und Auspressen von fließfähigen Zusammensetzungen
DE19738681B4 (de) * 1997-09-04 2006-04-13 Wella Ag Druckgasbehälter mit einem Aufsatz
WO2011106539A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-01 Colgate-Palmolive Company Dispenser cap with selectable reservoirs
CN103662358A (zh) * 2013-11-26 2014-03-26 南通宝田包装科技有限公司 一种可调节使用量的化妆品瓶
ES2560882B1 (es) * 2014-08-20 2016-11-30 Domingo PANEDA MEDINA Botella acoplada a una segunda para la mezcla regulada de ambos líquidos al verterlos
US10674857B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2020-06-09 LifeFuels, Inc. Portable system for dispensing controlled quantities of additives into a beverage
CA2969844C (en) 2014-12-05 2021-04-27 LifeFuels, Inc. A system and apparatus for optimizing hydration and for the contextual dispensing of additives
US10913647B2 (en) * 2015-06-11 2021-02-09 LifeFuels, Inc. Portable system for dispensing controlled quantities of additives into a beverage
US10231567B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2019-03-19 LifeFuels, Inc. System, method, and apparatus for dispensing variable quantities of additives and controlling characteristics thereof in a beverage
FR3040697B1 (fr) * 2015-09-07 2017-10-20 Decathlon Sa Dispositif de distribution d'une boisson formee a partir d'un premier fluide et/ou d'un deuxieme fluide
EP3406331A1 (de) * 2017-05-24 2018-11-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Mischer zur ausgabe eines mehrkomponentenmaterials
US11337533B1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2022-05-24 Infuze, L.L.C. Portable system for dispensing controlled quantities of additives into a beverage
EP3810313A4 (de) * 2018-06-21 2022-04-13 Silgan Dispensing Systems Corporation Abgabeanordnung mit einer vorrichtung zum mischen von additiven
US10512358B1 (en) 2018-10-10 2019-12-24 LifeFuels, Inc. Portable systems and methods for adjusting the composition of a beverage
US10889482B1 (en) 2019-09-14 2021-01-12 LifeFuels, Inc. Portable beverage container systems and methods for adjusting the composition of a beverage
US10889424B1 (en) 2019-09-14 2021-01-12 LifeFuels, Inc. Portable beverage container systems and methods for adjusting the composition of a beverage
US11903516B1 (en) 2020-04-25 2024-02-20 Cirkul, Inc. Systems and methods for bottle apparatuses, container assemblies, and dispensing apparatuses
WO2024039821A1 (en) * 2022-08-19 2024-02-22 H.J. Heinz Company Brands Llc Dispensing cap, insertable cartridge, dispensing container, dispensing system, and methods for manufacture and use

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FR1341226A (fr) * 1962-12-13 1963-10-25 Procter & Gamble Embout distributeur permettant le mélange d'un additif à un produit de base lors de la distribution de celui-ci
US3182860A (en) * 1963-02-26 1965-05-11 Sr John Gallo Dispensing device
FR1532355A (fr) * 1967-04-20 1968-07-12 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs distributeurs de pâtes et de produits similaires

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US3010613A (en) * 1957-05-03 1961-11-28 Stossel Ernest Foam producing and dispensing device
US3042263A (en) * 1959-11-13 1962-07-03 Sr John Gallo Striped paste dispenser
US3013698A (en) * 1960-05-19 1961-12-19 Gordon Bryan Powder dispensers
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US3543967A (en) * 1968-06-18 1970-12-01 James A O Connor Device for packaging two separate substances
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DE2943890A1 (de) * 1979-10-31 1981-05-14 Franz 7500 Karlsruhe Kutterer Tubenkopf
DE3239784A1 (de) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-03 Wella Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Doppelbehaelter fuer zwei getrennt aufzubewahrende fluessigkeiten
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Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1341226A (fr) * 1962-12-13 1963-10-25 Procter & Gamble Embout distributeur permettant le mélange d'un additif à un produit de base lors de la distribution de celui-ci
US3182860A (en) * 1963-02-26 1965-05-11 Sr John Gallo Dispensing device
FR1532355A (fr) * 1967-04-20 1968-07-12 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs distributeurs de pâtes et de produits similaires

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996026869A1 (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-06 James Owen Camm Dual material dispenser comprising two containers in head to tail arrangement
US5918770A (en) * 1995-02-27 1999-07-06 Camm; James Owen Dual material dispenser comprising two containers in head to tail arrangement
EP0737629A1 (de) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-16 Wella Aktiengesellschaft Aufsatz zum Zumischen mindestens eines Produkts in Form mindestens eines Schaumstrangstreifens für einen Behälter zum Abgeben eines schaumförmigen Produkts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2040479T3 (es) 1993-10-16
JPH0257585A (ja) 1990-02-27
EP0335763B1 (de) 1993-05-26
DE68906701T2 (de) 1994-01-20
US4964541A (en) 1990-10-23
DE68906701D1 (de) 1993-07-01

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