EP0330102B1 - Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication de granulés de propergol - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication de granulés de propergol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0330102B1
EP0330102B1 EP89102844A EP89102844A EP0330102B1 EP 0330102 B1 EP0330102 B1 EP 0330102B1 EP 89102844 A EP89102844 A EP 89102844A EP 89102844 A EP89102844 A EP 89102844A EP 0330102 B1 EP0330102 B1 EP 0330102B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting plate
cutting
guide holes
strands
strand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89102844A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0330102A1 (fr
EP0330102B2 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar. Dipl.-Chem. Dr. Müller
Helmut Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP0330102A1 publication Critical patent/EP0330102A1/fr
Publication of EP0330102B1 publication Critical patent/EP0330102B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/227—Means for dividing the extruded material into briquets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0075—Shaping the mixture by extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the production of propellant granules from propellant strands of small diameter, which are continuously extruded into a plurality, deposited individually behind the extruder on a moving surface and by means of which they are fed to a cutting plate with cutting blades arranged behind them, by means of which they are cut to length. Furthermore, the invention is directed to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • Single-base propellant powder consisting of nitrocellulose, optionally with the addition of dinitrotuol, dibasic propellant powder, which additionally contains nitroglycerin and / or diglycol dinitrate, and tri-base propellant powder, which additionally contain nitroguanidine, can be processed continuously in an extruder into propellant strands using appropriate process engineering parameters (DE A1 30 44 577).
  • the nitrocellulose serves as the binder, instead of or in addition also plastic binders.
  • the throughput of an extruder is between 80 and 100 kg / h.
  • propellant strands of small diameter for. B. to produce between 0.5 and 4 mm
  • molding heads with up to 100 nozzle holes are used on the extruder.
  • head pelletizers can be used to produce granules from such propellant charge strands, which consist of a rotor rotating in front of the molding head with a plurality of cutting knives and separate bodies of short cutting length from the strands.
  • the device mentioned at the outset is known (AT-A-144 379), in which several strands are produced simultaneously and placed on a conveyor belt. From there, they are individually transferred to a nozzle and inserted into the gap between two conveyor belts running on each other. Then they reach a guide hole of a cutting plate behind which a cutting knife is moved linearly until they finally reach a stop arranged behind it. The cutting knife is controlled via the stop.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus which allows the production of uniform granules with close tolerance at high performance.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the underlay forms a binding section for the propellant charge strands and in that the propellant charge strands are transferred from the underlay to a downward slope and thereon, with the aid of their own weight, the insert with a number corresponding to the number of strands Guide holes are fed and when emerging from the guide holes are cut to the desired short length at the same time by means of the cutting knives rotating behind the cutting plate.
  • the propellant charge strands are separated behind the extruder and placed on a base.
  • the strand passes through a setting line on this base, on which it receives sufficient dimensional stability.
  • the base which practically does not exert any forces on the propellant charge strands, the strands reach the downhill section, on which they reach the cutting insert largely under their own weight, that is again without or largely without external force from conveying means or the like, and reach their guide holes .
  • all strands are cut to the desired size, the cutting length being adjustable by means of the rotational speed of the cutting knives.
  • the propellant charge strands are cut to length after leaving the extruder, the length of which is a multiple of the desired cutting length.
  • the pelletizing process is decoupled from the strand production in the extruder, so that it is in particular possible to work behind the extruder at higher transport and cutting speeds than the exit speed on the extruder.
  • a strand section which can have a length of up to 1.5 m, for example, can also be better controlled at high processing speeds.
  • the inclination of the downhill section is adjusted depending on the weight and consistency of the strand section in such a way that the strand sections are only moved in the direction of the downhill slope by means of an additional, but small, force.
  • the strand sections In order to feed all the strand sections to the cutting knives at a constant speed regardless of their movement behavior on the downhill section, it can further be provided that the strand sections, preferably at the end of the downhill section, are introduced into the guide holes of the cutting plate by means of friction forces acting essentially axially parallel on their circumference.
  • the invention is based on a device with an extruder producing a large number of endless propellant charge strands of small diameter, an underlay moved behind the extruder in the transport direction and receiving the propellant charge strings individually next to one another, an adjoining cutting plate with cutting knives arranged behind it, which extend the propellant charge strands to length cuts.
  • Such a device is characterized according to the invention in that behind the base there is a guide for each propellant charge with a gradient that allows it to move under the influence of its own weight and that at the end of the guides the cutting plate is arranged with a number of guide holes corresponding to the number of guides , behind which the cutting knives, which pass by at a distance from the guide holes and cut all propellant charge strands at the same time to the length of the granules, preferably provide that a separating device for the production of strand sections is arranged above the base near the end of the feed.
  • the base is a rotating conveyor that is equipped with a the number of propellant charge strings corresponding number of receptacles extending in the transport direction is provided for each strand section.
  • the conveyor is a conveyor belt with grooves running in the transport direction, each of which receives a propellant charge strand or a strand section.
  • the guide adjoining the base is formed from channels or tubes which run at a slope to the cutting plate arranged below the base.
  • the slope of the guide can be changed so that a state can be set in which the strand sections are just not slipping, but can be moved with a small axial force with the aid of the dead weight.
  • Friction elements rotating around the guide holes and in front of the cutting plate with the guide holes can be arranged in pairs, each receiving a strand section between them and inserting it into a guide hole on the cutting plate.
  • the friction elements are preferably designed as rotating brushes.
  • Circumferential brushes have the advantage that they exert frictional forces acting on the strand section essentially only axially parallel, specifically each individual bristle only in a linear manner, pressure forces due to the elastic deflection of the bristles being avoided. Nevertheless, it is ensured that all strand sections are fed to the knives at the same feed speed.
  • hose rollers or the like which may be filled with a pressure medium but are easily deformable.
  • the strand sections between the guides and the cutting plate, in particular on both sides of the diametrically acting friction elements, on linear contact surfaces, e.g. B. are guided in prisms.
  • the guide holes in the cutting plate are arranged on one or more concentric circles.
  • the guide holes are preferably arranged in groups on a line corresponding to a circular edge, so that the individual cutting knife with its cutting edge successively cuts the individual strands of a group and thus on the one hand uniformly loads the knife drive and on the other hand there is even wear on the knife.
  • each group of guide holes is assigned a group of rotating brushes arranged in pairs as friction elements, which are driven synchronously.
  • approximately 100 propellant powder strands can be processed into granules at a speed in the range of 1 m / s.
  • the cutting knives are expediently arranged on the circumference of a rotor, the design preferably being such that the cutting plate forms the end of a collecting container in which the rotor rotates and that the collecting container can be lifted off the cutting plate.
  • the granulate falls directly behind the cutting plate into the collecting container and can either be removed continuously or in batches via an outlet.
  • the container can be lifted off the stationary cutting plate.
  • the collecting container also forms a safety protection for the rotor.
  • FIG. 1 shows an extruder 1 for processing one-, two- or three-base propellant powder, which has a shaping head 2 at the end of the mixing and kneading section for producing propellant strands.
  • the molding head 2 is designed in such a way that a large number of propellant strands lying in parallel are simultaneously produced, which advantageously run side by side, which can be achieved, for example, with a flat nozzle-type molding head.
  • the propellant charge strands 3 leaving the extruder arrive on a base 4, which is formed by the upper run 5 of a rotating conveyor belt 6.
  • the conveyor belt 6 runs in the direction of the indicated arrow and takes the individual nen propellant charge strands 3 in a recording, for. B. in grooves that run in the direction of transport. In this way, the still plastic propellant strands are transferred and transported gently.
  • a separating device 7 is arranged in the area of the feed end of the conveyor 6, which cuts the propellant charge strands 3 into strand sections.
  • the strand sections can have a length in the range of one meter.
  • the strand sections lying in the grooves of the conveyor belt 6 arrive behind the delivery end 8 of the conveyor 6 on a downward slope 9, on which they move essentially under their own weight.
  • a number of guides 10 for example in the form of troughs or tubes, are arranged which correspond to the number of strand sections and which feed the strand sections to the actual granulator 11.
  • the guides 10, which are expediently arranged on a common frame, can be adjusted in their inclination in order, depending on the coefficient of friction and the weight of the strand sections, to achieve such extensive destabilization that a lower external force is sufficient for locomotion.
  • the pelletizer 11 has a stationary cutting plate 12 which carries a multiplicity of guide holes 13 which align with the guides 10 of the downward slope.
  • a rotor 14 is arranged behind the cutting plate 12 and has a plurality of cutting knives 15 on its circumference at the height of the guide holes 13, which sweep past the cutting plate 12 and at a distance from it at high speed.
  • the rotor 14 is mounted with its axis 16 in a bush 17 of the stationary cutting plate 12.
  • the collecting container 18 is displaceable in the direction of the arrow 19 and can be lifted off the cutting plate 12 in this way.
  • the strand sections fed to the guide holes 13 via the guides 10 are cut to length by the knives 15 of the rotating rotor into short propellant charge bodies which fall into the collecting container 18. Due to the inclined position shown in FIG. 1, this can be emptied continuously via a discharge opening (not shown).
  • Circumferential friction elements are advantageously arranged in pairs between the guides 10 arranged on the downhill section 9 and the cutting plate 12, which act diametrically on the strand sections and feed them to the cutting plate 12 at a constant speed.
  • FIG. 3 which shows an end view of another embodiment of the cutting plate 12
  • a plurality of guide holes are combined into a group and each group of guide holes is arranged on a line corresponding to a circular edge 20.
  • three groups are each arranged on circular edges with a different radial distance from the center of the cutting plate.
  • a drive unit 21 is assigned to each of these three groups, which in turn drives the friction elements for all three groups.
  • Each group of guide holes 13 is assigned a feed unit 22 with a number of friction elements 23 corresponding to the number of guide holes in this group. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, there are a total of eight guide holes 13.
  • the feed unit consists of friction elements 23 arranged in pairs, which sit on a common axis 25 and are driven from the center via a pulley 24, which is part of the drive unit (FIG. 5).
  • Each pair of friction elements is assigned to a guide hole 13 and, with the apex surfaces facing one another, engages the strand section at diametrical locations.
  • the friction elements 23 can be designed, for example, as rotating brushes.
  • a synchronous rotation of the friction elements 23 arranged in pairs is produced in that the pulleys 24 are wrapped around by a common drive belt 26 such that they rotate in opposite directions. They ensure that all strand sections of the cutting plate or the rotating cutting knives 15 are fed at the same speed.
  • the cutting length can consequently be changed by varying the feed speed generated by the rotating friction elements 23 and / or the rotating speed of the rotor 14.
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of a pair of friction elements 23 in the form of brush rollers, between which the strand section 27 is transported.
  • prism guides 28 are arranged on the side of the brush rollers, and the strand section only abuts in a linear manner. These prism guides extend from the end of the guides 10 (FIG. 1) to the cutting plate 12.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (20)

1. Procédé pour la fabrication de granulés de charge propulsive à partir de cordons de charge propulsive de petit diamètre, qui sont extrudés de façon continue en nombre, déposés séparément, derrière l'extrudeuse, sur un support en mouvement et amenés au moyen de celui-ci à une matrice de découpage derrière laquelle sont disposées des lames de coupe au moyen desquelles ils sont coupés à longueur, caractérisé en ce que le support constitue un trajet de prise pour les cordons de charge propulsive et que les cordons de charge propulsive sont transmis du support à un trajet en pente sur lequel ils sont amenés avec le concours de leur propre poids à la matrice de découpage munie d'un nombre de trous de guidage correspondant au nombre des cordons et à la sortie des trous de guidage sont coupés à la longueur courte souhaitée au moyen des lames de coupe tournant derrière la matrice de découpage.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'après avoir quitté l'extrudeuse les cordons de charge propulsive sont tronçonnés en sections de cordons dont la longueur est un multiple de la longueur de coupe souhaitée.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2-3, caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison du trajet en pente est réglée en fonction du poids et de la consistance de la section de cordon, de telle sorte que les sections de cordons ne se déplacent qu'au moyen d'une force additionnelle, néanmoins faible, dans le sens de la pente.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les sections de cordons sont introduites dans les trous de guidage de la matrice de découpage au moyen de forces de friction agissant sur leur périphérie essentiellement parallèlement à l'axe.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les forces de friction sont exercées sur les sections de cordons à la fin du trajet en pente.
6. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant une extrudeuse produisant une multiplicité de cordons de charge propulsive sans fin de petit diamètre, un support en mouvement dans un sens de transport derrière l'extrudeuse, recevant les cordons de charge propulsive séparément les uns à côté des autres, une matrice de découpage placée à la suite du support, derrière laquelle sont disposées des lames de coupe et qui coupe à longueur les cordons de charge propulsive, caractérisé en ce que pour chaque cordon de charge propulsive est disposé derrière le support (4) un guide (10) présentant une pente qui permet son mouvement avec le concours de son propre poids et qu'à l'extrémité des guides (10) est disposée la matrice de découpage (12) munie d'un nombre de trous de guidage (13) correspondant au nombre des guides (10), derrière laquelle tournent les lames de coupe (15) qui passent en regard des trous de guidage, à distance de ceux-ci, et tronçonnent simultanément tous les cordons de charge propulsive à la longueur des granulés.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de séparation (7) pour la réalisation de sections de cordons est disposé au-dessus du support (4) au voisinage de l'extrémité de chargement.
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que le support (4) est un transporteur sans fin (6) muni d'un nombre de logements correspondant au nombre de cordons de charge propulsive (3), s'étendant dans la direction de transport, chacun pour une section de cordon.
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le transporteur (6) est une bande transporteuse munie de rainures s'étendant dans la direction de transport.
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le guide (10) suivant le support (4) est formé de gouttières ou de tubes qui s'étendent selon une pente vers la matrice de découpage (12) disposée au-dessous du support (4).
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la pente du guide (10) peut être modifiée.
12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 11, caractérisé en ce que derrière les guides (10) et devant la matrice de découpage (12) munie des trous de guidage (13) sont disposés par paires des organes de friction (23) tournants, les organes de friction de chaque paire recevant entre eux une section de cordon et l'introduisant dans un trou de guidage (13) de la matrice de découpage (12).
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les organes de friction (23) sont sous forme de brosses tournantes.
14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les organes de friction (23) sont sous forme de cylindres gainés tournants.
15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les sections de cordons (27) sont guidées entre les guides (10) et la matrice de découpage (12), en particulier de part et d'autre des organes de friction (23) qui sont diamétralement en prise avec elle, selon des surfaces de contact en forme de lignes, par exemple dans des prismes (28).
16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les trous de guidage (13) de la matrice de découpage (12) sont disposés sur un ou plusieurs cercles concentriques.
17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les trous de guidage (13) sont disposés en groupes sur une sécante de cercle (20).
18. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 17, caractérisé en ce qu'à chaque groupe de trous de guidage (13) est associé un groupe de brosses tournantes disposées par paires en tant qu'organes de friction (23), qui sont entraînées en synchronisme.
19. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 18, caractérisé en ce que les lames de coupe (15) sont disposées à la périphérie d'un rotor (14).
20. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de découpage (12) forme la fermeture d'un récipient collecteur (18) dans lequel tourne le rotor (14), et que le récipient collecteur peut être retiré de la matrice de découpage (12).
EP89102844A 1988-02-20 1989-02-18 Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication de granulés de propergol Expired - Lifetime EP0330102B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3805317A DE3805317A1 (de) 1988-02-20 1988-02-20 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von treibladungsgranulat
DE3805317 1988-02-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0330102A1 EP0330102A1 (fr) 1989-08-30
EP0330102B1 true EP0330102B1 (fr) 1992-12-16
EP0330102B2 EP0330102B2 (fr) 1996-08-21

Family

ID=6347801

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89102844A Expired - Lifetime EP0330102B2 (fr) 1988-02-20 1989-02-18 Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication de granulés de propergol

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5068066A (fr)
EP (1) EP0330102B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU622151B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8900734A (fr)
DE (2) DE3805317A1 (fr)
IN (1) IN170887B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5251531A (en) * 1989-04-25 1993-10-12 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh Method and apparatus to prepare monobasic propellant charge powders with alcohol and ether as solvents
WO2019195559A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Metal Powder Works, LLC Système et procédé de fabrication de poudre
US11578014B1 (en) * 2019-12-30 2023-02-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Process for preparing pyrophoric foam granules

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE307138C (fr) * 1900-01-01
DE189009C (fr) *
AT144379B (de) * 1934-06-26 1936-01-25 Kretschmer & Co F G Schneidvorrichtung zum Ablängen von Röhren und Stäben beliebigen Profiles aus explosiven Stoffen.
GB829947A (en) * 1955-05-23 1960-03-09 France Etat Driving arrangement particularly for propellant powder cutting machines
AT251461B (de) * 1963-11-04 1967-01-10 Eldima Ag Schneidvorrichtung zum Zerstückeln von strang- oder stabförmigem Material
GB1323571A (en) * 1970-04-15 1973-07-18 Hyde K Apparatus for cutting elongated material into a plurality of length
DE2161067C2 (de) * 1971-12-09 1973-09-20 Fa. Werner & Pfleiderer, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von aus einem Extruder austretenden Kunststoff strängen
US3969054A (en) * 1975-07-11 1976-07-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Length sensing single strand shuttle cutter apparatus for cutting propellant grain
DE2901018C2 (de) * 1979-01-12 1981-12-03 C.F. Scheer & Cie Gmbh & Co, 7000 Stuttgart Granulator zum Granulieren von Kunststoffsträngen
GB2107638B (en) * 1981-10-22 1985-11-13 Secr Defence Cutting apparatus for extruded materials
DE3242301A1 (de) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung ein- oder mehrbasiger treibladungspulver
US4585600A (en) * 1984-11-28 1986-04-29 Hercules Incorporated Extrusion, conveyance, and cutting system
US4660475A (en) * 1985-07-31 1987-04-28 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Spooled propellant charge and method of manufacture thereof
DE3821311A1 (de) * 1988-06-24 1989-12-28 Werner & Pfleiderer Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sicherung des mischvorganges bei der herstellung strangfoermiger explosivstoffe und treibmittel in einem schneckenextruder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8900734A (pt) 1989-10-17
EP0330102A1 (fr) 1989-08-30
AU3013689A (en) 1989-08-24
AU622151B2 (en) 1992-04-02
DE3805317C2 (fr) 1991-05-23
DE3805317A1 (de) 1989-08-24
US5068066A (en) 1991-11-26
DE58902984D1 (de) 1993-01-28
IN170887B (fr) 1992-06-06
EP0330102B2 (fr) 1996-08-21

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