EP0326975A1 - Schmiermittel für Getriebe mit stufenloser Kraftübertragung - Google Patents
Schmiermittel für Getriebe mit stufenloser Kraftübertragung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0326975A1 EP0326975A1 EP89101495A EP89101495A EP0326975A1 EP 0326975 A1 EP0326975 A1 EP 0326975A1 EP 89101495 A EP89101495 A EP 89101495A EP 89101495 A EP89101495 A EP 89101495A EP 0326975 A1 EP0326975 A1 EP 0326975A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- lubricant according
- mol
- amine
- aliphatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- RVZJVYCTFGOEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphetane Chemical class C1CPC1 RVZJVYCTFGOEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 hydrocarbon radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 43
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyldimethylamine Natural products CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXWLKJWVMMAXBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylpiperidine Chemical compound CCCCN1CCCCC1 AXWLKJWVMMAXBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJLYANLCNIKXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methyldioctylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(C)CCCCCCCC YJLYANLCNIKXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNKUXFQNFUTEJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-methyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CCCC SNKUXFQNFUTEJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZUFRDUAJRZTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiaphosphetane Chemical class C1PCS1 BZUFRDUAJRZTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONQBOTKLCMXPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CCN1CCCC1 ONQBOTKLCMXPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANFXTILBDGTSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole Chemical compound CN1CCN=C1 ANFXTILBDGTSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIJIUJYANDSEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)N QIJIUJYANDSEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006040 2-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DZNCHORQQWFQFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-1,3$l^{5}-thiaphosphetane 3-oxide Chemical compound OP1(=O)CSC1 DZNCHORQQWFQFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAIUWVOMXTVLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8,8-dimethylnonan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCN AAIUWVOMXTVLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004855 decalinyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFFDVELHRCMPLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldodecyl amine Natural products CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCN VFFDVELHRCMPLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YWWNNLPSZSEZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWWNNLPSZSEZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCVHUIPWSPEOIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylheptadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C WCVHUIPWSPEOIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMAADDMFZSZCNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylnonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN(C)C AMAADDMFZSZCNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZZVMEUAUWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(C)C ZUHZZVMEUAUWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKXPLPXCGLIJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-phenylethyl)dodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KKXPLPXCGLIJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHONYMIJFCYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-methylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CCCC YHONYMIJFCYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCIULXVEXKRTGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decyl-n-propan-2-yldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)CCCCCCCCCC LCIULXVEXKRTGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHRNIXHZAWBMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyl-n-methyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CCCCCCCCCCCC UWHRNIXHZAWBMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCC MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFSDOIOMGCNPIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-2-octan-3-yldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(CNC)C(CC)CCCCC HFSDOIOMGCNPIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQFRPHDWUIZNOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-octyldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(C)CCCCCCCC CQFRPHDWUIZNOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKJDTCBLJTWINH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1N(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KKJDTCBLJTWINH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMEMQVZNTDHENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNC OMEMQVZNTDHENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZEGKVHRCLBFKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyloctadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC SZEGKVHRCLBFKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEGJNMCIMOLEDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC SEGJNMCIMOLEDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCULWAWIZUGXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octylaniline Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 GCULWAWIZUGXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNSWGHZWUUFFKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine;pyridine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1.C1=CC=NC=C1 ZNSWGHZWUUFFKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940086542 triethylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
- C10M107/08—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing butene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/14—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
- C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
- C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
- C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
- C10M2205/0265—Butene used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/061—Metal salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/063—Ammonium or amine salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/065—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricant for transmissions with continuously variable power transmission. It is particularly suitable for pull chain transmissions.
- a well-known push chain transmission is, for example, the CVT transmission with Van Doorne push link belt. (Drive technology 26, (1987) No. 8, pages 47-52).
- the lubricant is of great importance for pull and push chain gearboxes. It should not only have a good lubricating effect in order to keep the wear on the chains low, but it must also have a certain coefficient of friction in order to enable the power transmission. The coefficient of friction must be higher than with conventional lubricating oils, but not as high as with so-called traction fluids.
- DE-OS 31 27 970 discloses a lubricant which consists of a hydrocarbon oil which contains 19-30 hydrocarbon atoms and 3 six-membered carbocyclic rings.
- DE-OS 33 21 773 describes a lubricant which contains decalin rings connected by carbon bridges.
- DE-OS 33 37 503 discloses a lubricant from the same applicant which also contains hydrogenated condensed aromatics.
- Phosphetane derivatives as an additive to conventional lubricants are disclosed in DE-OS 27 15 529.
- a lubricant which is excellently suitable for transmissions with continuously variable power transmission, in particular pull chain transmissions, is characterized in that it contains 10 to 80% by weight of naphthenic hydrocarbons, 80 to 10% by weight of polyisobutene with a degree of polymerization of mol% 200 to 10,000, preferably moles by weight, 300 to 6000 and an additive of at least one phosphetane derivative of the general formula in an amount of 3 x 10 ⁇ 6 mol to 1 x 10 ⁇ 2 mol, preferably 1.5 x 10 ⁇ 5 to 5 x 10 ⁇ 3 mol and particularly preferably 3 x 10 ⁇ 5 - 3 x 10 ⁇ 3 mol based on 100 g of lubricant, where R1, R2, R3 and R4, H, can be linear, branched and ring-shaped saturated C1-C4 hydrocarbon radicals, X1, X2 and X3 are independently O or S. n if X1 is O, 1 and if X1
- X1 S n 1 - 2 X2 and X3 O and Z is a primary, secondary or tertiary amine of the formula N R5 R6 R7, wherein R5 and R6 independently of one another are hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic radical and R7 is an aliphatic or aromatic radical.
- the naphthenic component is a highly refined or fully hydrated product. Such products are available on the market. Of course, they can also be produced by refining in our own plants.
- polyisobutene component can be found on the market be a valid product.
- the naphthenic component is contained in the lubricant in a concentration of 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 15 to 50% by weight.
- the polyisobutene component is present in the lubricant in a concentration of 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight.
- the groups on the four-membered ring R1, R2, R3 and R4 of the phosphetane derivative can be the same or different. They are preferably H, but can also be C1 - C4 hydrocarbon radicals, which can be branched, ring-shaped and straight-chain, wherein X1, X2 and X3 are independently O or S. n if X1 is O, 1 and if X1 is S, 1-6 means Z is a mono- or polyvalent nitrogen-containing oil-soluble organic base, m is 1 - 2 and p means 1-2.
- X1 S n 1 - 2 X2 and X3 O and Z is a primary, secondary or tertiary amine of the formula N R5 R6 R7, wherein R5 and R6 independently of one another are hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic radical and R7 is an aliphatic or aromatic radical.
- any mono- or divalent organic nitrogen base can be used as the base for salt formation with the 1,3-thiaphosphetanes.
- oil-soluble nitrogen bases are suitable for use in lubricants, and in particular those with a total C number of 6-40 C atoms.
- Monovalent compounds are preferably used as oil-soluble organic nitrogen bases, and in particular primary, secondary or tertiary amines of the formula R5 R6NR7, where R5 and R6 independently of one another are hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic radical, and R7 is an aliphatic or aromatic radical.
- R5, R6 and R7 are an aliphatic radical, it may be branched or straight-chain alkyl which may be interrupted with O and / or S, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, amyl, hexyl, 1-methylpentyl , t-oxyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-decyl, 2-ethyl-decyl, n-tetradecyl, n-octadecyl, n-eicosyl, 2,7,8-trimethyl-decyl, 4-isobutyl-2,5 -dimethyl-heptyl, octacosoyl, dotriacontyl, hexatriacontyl or tetracontyl.
- O and / or S such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso
- R5, R6 and R7 can also be an aliphatic radical which may be interrupted with O or S, branched or straight-chain alkenyl such as allyl, vinyl, 2-butenyl, 2-hexenyl, 2-dodecenyl or 2-hexatriacontenyl.
- the total C number of the radicals R5, R6 and R7 should be 6 to 40.
- the amino group can optionally also be ethoxylated, the degree of ethoxylation having to be matched to the desired oil solubility of the product.
- R5, R6 and R7 represent an aromatic radical, this is a phenyl group which is optionally substituted by alkyl groups each having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, hexyl, oxyl, decyl or dodecyl.
- organic nitrogen bases of the formula R5 R6NR7 to be used are those in which R5 and R6 independently of one another are hydrogen or an aliphatic radical, and R7 is a phenyl group which is optionally substituted by alkyl groups.
- primary organic nitrogen bases of the formula H2NR8 are particularly preferably used, in which R8 is optionally interrupted by O or S, branched or straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl each having 6 to 40, and in particular each having 8 to 24, carbon atoms.
- mixtures of different nitrogen bases are often used, e.g. Primene 81-R (mixture of primary C12-C15 t-alkylamines, from Rohm and Haas, USA).
- the salts which have a uniform nitrogen component are equally suitable.
- phosphetane compounds according to the invention are:
- a specific one or several of the mentioned phophetane derivatives can be used.
- the lubricant according to the invention has been carefully tested in numerous tests both in the CVT transmission test bench and in the vehicle.
- the test gear was filled with approx. 5 L test oil before each start of the test.
- the start-up cycle was chosen so that the chain and tapered pulleys were subjected to the highest possible load through constant adjustment, standstill adjustment and correspondingly high sliding components. Transferred to a vehicle, the clutch was started at medium engine speed and medium engine torque and quickly accelerated to a driving speed of approx. 120 km / h. Then the brakes were applied fully and the converter ratio was reset to the starting gear at the same time.
- the evaluation criteria for the quality of the lubricant used were the closure on the weighing pressure pieces used, the formation of gray spots on the conical disks and the coefficient of friction.
- a typical lubricant formulation contained the following components: Polyisobutene 65 % By weight Naphthenic oil 20th " Phosphetane derivative 0.03 " + other additives 14.97 “ namely viscosity improvers such as, for example, polymethacrylates, anti-foaming agents, anti-corrosion agents and antioxidants, for example of the phenol and / or amine type.
- wear protection additives e.g. phosphorus and / or sulfur based.
- Table 3 shows for samples a - c that due to the very low levels of Cu and Fe and the negligible increases in these metals, the additives ensure excellent wear protection. Oil change intervals can therefore be easily extended to over 40,000 km.
- the levels were up Pb, Si, Mn, Mo, Ca, Zn, Ni, Al, Cr, B, P, Mg, Ba and Sn tested. No changes were found in these elements compared to the reserve sample (original sample).
- composition of the lubricant was varied within the limits specified, with numerous phosphetane derivatives being added in the disclosed amount ranges, which were prepared according to DE-OS 27 15 529 and the literature cited therein. Similar good test results were obtained.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Schmiermittel für Getriebe mit stufenloser Kraftübertragung. Es ist besonders geeignet für Zugkettengetriebe.
- Es ist dem Fachmann bekannt, daß Getriebe mit stufenloser Kraftübertragung (CVT-Getriebe, Continuously Variable Transmission) an Bedeutung gewinnen, da Kraftfahrzeuge mit solchen Getrieben einen sehr guten Wirkungsgrad, geringe Geräuschentwicklung und geringen Kraftstoffverbrauch besitzen. Wie bei konventionellen automatischen Getrieben erübrigt sich das Schalten.
- Man unterscheidet zwischen Schubkettengetrieben und Zugkettengetrieben.
Ein bekanntes Schubkettengetriebe ist beispielsweise das CVT-Getriebe mit Van-Doorne-Schubgliederband. (Antriebstechnik 26, (1987) Nr. 8, Seite 47 -52). - Für Zug- und Schubkettengetriebe ist das Schmiermittel von sehr großer Bedeutung. Es soll nicht nur gute Schmierwirkung besitzen, um den Verschleiß an den Ketten gering zu halten, sondern es muß zusätzlich eine bestimmte Reibungszahl besitzen, um die Kraftübertragung zu ermöglichen. Die Reibungszahl muß höher als bei konventionellen Schmierölen sein, jedoch nicht so hoch wie bei sog. Traktionfluids.
- Bei letzerem ist eine möglichst hohe Reibungszahl erwünscht, da die Aufgabenstellung, gleichzeitig Kettenglieder zu schmieren, entfällt. Es laufen vielmehr Scheiben oder Rollen aufeinander, deren "Schlupf" so klein wie möglich sein soll. Ist die Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit eines Körpers V1 und die des anderen V2, so ist der Schlupfwert als
definiert. - Schmiermittel für Zugkettengetriebe sind in der Literatur bereits beschrieben.
So offenbart DE-OS 31 27 970 ein Schmiermittel das aus einem Kohlenwasserstofföl besteht, das 19 - 30 Kohlenwasserstoffatome enthält sowie 3 sechsgliedrige carbocyclische Ringe. - In DE-OS 33 21 773 ist ein Schmiermittel beschrieben, das durch Kohlenstoffbrücken verbundene Dekalinringe enthält.
- IN DE-OS 33 37 503 ist von der gleichen Anmelderin ein Schmiermittel offenbart, das ebenfalls hydrierte kondensierte Aromaten enthält.
- Phosphetanderivate als Zusatz zu üblichen Schmiermitteln sind in DE-OS 27 15 529 offenbart.
- Die Anmelderin hat nunmehr überraschend gefunden, daß ein für Getriebe mit stufenloser Kraftübertragung insbesondere Zugkettengetriebe hervorragend geeignetes Schmiermittel dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es 10 bis 80 Gew.-% naphthenische Kohlenwasserstoffe enthält, 80 bis 10 Gew.-% Polyisobuten mit einem Polymerisationsgrad von Mol Gew. 200 bis 10.000, bevorzugt Mol Gew. 300 bis 6000 und ein Additiv aus wenigstens einem Phosphetanderivat der allgemeinen Formel
n falls X₁ O ist, 1 und falls X₁ S ist, 1 - 2 bedeutet,
Z eine ein- oder mehrwertige stickstoffhaltige öllösliche organische Base ist,
m 1 - 2 ist und
p 1 - 2 bedeutet. - Bevorzugt bedeutet
X₁ S
n 1 - 2
X₂ und X₃ O und
Z ein primäres, sekundäres oder tertiäres Amin der Formel N R₅ R₆ R₇, worin R₅ und R₆ unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest und R₇ einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest bedeuten. - Besonders bevorzugt bedeutet
X₁ S
n 1
X₂ und X₃ O und
Z ein primäres Amin der Formel H₂ N R₈, worin R₈ einen aliphatischen Rest bedeutet und
m = 1 - Bei der naphthenischen Komponente handelt es sich um ein hoch ausraffiniertes bzw. durchhydriertes Produkt. Solche Produkte sind auf dem Market erhältlich. Sie können natürlich auch durch Raffination in eigenen Anlagen erzeugt werden.
- Ebenso kann die Polyisobuten-Komponente ein auf dem Markt er hältliches Produkt sein.
- Die naphthenische Komponente ist in dem Schmiermittel in einer Konzentration von 10 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von 15 bis 50 Gew.-% enthalten.
- Die Polyisobuten-Komponente ist in einer Konzentration von 10 bis 80 Gew.-% im Schmiermittel enthalten, bevorzugt von 40 bis 70 Gew.-%.
- Die Gruppen am viergliedrigen Ring R₁, R₂, R₃ und R₄ des Phosphetanderivats können gleich oder unterschiedlich sein. Sie sind bevorzugt H, können jedoch auch C₁ - C₄-Kohlenwasserstoffreste sein, die verzweigt, ringförmig und geradkettig sein können, wobei
X₁, X₂ und X₃ unabhängig voneinander O oder S bedeuten
n falls X₁ O ist, 1 und falls X₁ S ist, 1 - 6 bedeutet,
Z eine ein- oder mehrwertige stickstoffhaltige öllösliche organische Base ist,
m 1 - 2 ist und
p 1 - 2 bedeutet. - Bevorzugt bedeutet
X₁ S
n 1 - 2
X₂ und X₃ O und
Z ein primäres, sekundäres oder tertiäres Amin der Formel N R₅ R₆ R₇ , worin R₅ und R₆ unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest und R₇ einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest bedeuten. - Besonders bevorzugt bedeuten
X₁ S
n 1
X₂ und X₃ O und
Z ein primäres Amin der Formel H₂ N R₃ ist, worin R₃ einen aliphatischen Rest bedeutet und
m = 1 - Als Base für die Salzbildung mit den 1,3-Thiaphosphetanen kann grundsätzlich jede ein- oder zweiwertige organische Stickstoffbase verwendet werden. Aus praktischen Gründen eignen sich für die Anwendung in Schmiermitteln nur öllösliche Stickstoffbasen und insbesondere solche mit einer Gesamt-C-Zahl von 6-40 C-Atomen.
- Bevorzugt werden als öllösliche organische Stickstoffbasen einwertige Verbindungen eingesetzt, und insbesondere primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre Amine der Formel R₅ R₆NR₇, worin R₅ und R₆ unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest, und R₇ einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest bedeuten.
- Bedeuten R₅, R₆ und R₇ einen aliphatischen Rest, so kann es sich dabei um gegebenenfalls mit O und/oder S unterbrochenes verzweigtes oder geradkettiges Alkyl wie Methyl, Aethyl, n-Propyl, Isopropyl, t-Butyl, Amyl, Hexyl, 1-Methylpentyl, t-Oxtyl, 2-Aethyl-hexyl, n-Decyl, 2-Aethyl-decyl, n-Tetradecyl, n-Octadecyl, n-Eicosyl, 2,7,8-Trimethyl-decyl, 4-Isobutyl-2,5-dimethyl-heptyl, Octacosoyl, Dotriacontyl, Hexatriacontyl oder Tetracontyl handeln. R₅, R₆ und R₇ können jedoch als aliphatischer Rest auch gegebenenfalls mit O oder S unterbrochenes, verzweigtes oder geradkettiges Alkenyl wie Allyl, Vinyl, 2-Butenyl, 2-Hexenyl, 2-Dodecenyl oder 2-Hexatriacontenyl sein. Die Gesamt C-Zahl der Reste R₅, R₆ und R₇ soll dabei 6 bis 40 betragen.
- Die Aminogruppe kann gegebenenfalls auch äthoxyliert sein, wobei der Aethoxylierungsgrad auf die angestrebte Öllöslichkeit des Produktes abgestimmt werden muß.
- Bedeuten R₅, R₆ und R₇ einen aromatischen Rest, so handelt es sich dabei um eine gegebenenfalls durch Alkylgruppen mit je 1 bis 12 C-Atomen wie Methyl, Aethyl, Propyl, Butyl, Hexyl, Oxtyl, Decyl oder Dodecyl substituierte Phenylgruppe.
- Unter den zu verwendenden organischen Stickstoffbasen der Formel R₅ R₆NR₇ sind solche zu nennen, in den R₅ und R₆ unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen Rest bedeuten, und R₇ eine gegebenenfalls durch Alkylgruppen substituierte Phenylgruppe bedeutet.
- Besonders bevorzugt werden jedoch primäre organische Stickstoffbasen der Formel H₂NR₈ eingesetzt, worin R₈ gegebenenfalls durch O oder S unterbrochenes, verzweigtes oder geradkettiges Alkyl oder Alkenyl mit je 6 bis 40, und insbesondere mit je 8 bis 24 C-Atomen bedeutet.
- In der Praxis werden oft Gemische von verschiedenen Stickstoffbasen eingesetzt, wie z.B. Primene 81-R (Gemisch primärer C₁₂-C₁₅ t-Alkylamine, von Rohm und Haas, USA). Ebensogut eignen sich jedoch auch die Salze welche eine einheitliche Stickstoffkomponente besitzen.
- Methylamin, Aethylamin, Propylamin, Butylamin, t-Butylamin, Hexylamin, Oxtylamin, (2-Aethylhexyl)amin, t-Octylamin, Decylamin, t-Dodecylamin, Tetradecylamin, Octadecylamin, Phenylamin, Benzylamin, (Nonylphenyl)amin, Cyclohexylamin, Pyridin, Piperidin, Dimethylamin, Methyloctylamin, Didodecylamin, Methyloctadecylamin, Methylcyclohexylamin, Phenyloctylamin, Trimethylamin, Dimethylcyclohexylamin, Methyloctyldecylamin, (Octoxyäthyl)amin, (Octylthioäthyl)amin, (t-Dodecylthioäthyl)- amin, Dodecyl-dimethylamin, Hexadecyl-dimethylamin, Decyldimethyl-amin, Didodecylmethyl-amin, Methyl-butyl-dodecyl-amin, Dimethyl-propylamin, Trioctyl-amin, Dioctyl-methylamin, Dodecylbenzyl-methyl-amin, Nonylphenyl-dimethylamin, Phenyl-dodecyl-methyl-amin, Phenyl-dimethyl-amin, Phenyl-dimethyl-amin, Allyl-dibutyl-amin, Methyl-dodecyl-amin, heptadecyl-dimethyl-amin, Dioctyl-methyl-amin, Methyl-α-naphthyl-phenyl-amin, Cyclohexyl-dimethyl-amin, Nonyl-dimethyl-amin, Tris(n-tridecyl)amin, Tris(n-dodecyl)-amin, Tris(isooctyl)amin, Methylbutylhexadecyl-amin, Tri-äthyl-amin, 3,5-Dimethyl-pyridin, 2-(Aethylhexyl)-methyl-dodecyl-amin, (Methyläthyl)-didecyl-amin, Methyl-butyl-dodecyl-amin, Dimethyl-dodecyl-amin, Hexadecyl-dimethyl-amin, Tris(i-dodecyl)-amin, Dimethyl-benzyl-amin, Dimethyl-(tert.-octylphenyl)-amin, (N-Methyl)-1-imidazolin (N-Methyl)-1-pyrrazolin, Oxazolin, Chinolin, Pyrrolidin, N-Aethyl-pyrrolidin, N-Methyl-piperidin, N-Butyl-piperidin, N-Butyl-piperidin, Thiazol, N-Methyl-phenothiamin.
- Dodecylammoniumsalz des 3-Hydroxy-3-oxo-1,3-thiaphosphetans
Di-n-butylammoniumsalz des 3-Mercapto-3-thio-1,3-thiaphosphetans
Tri-n-octylammoniumsalz des 3-Hydroxy-3-oxo-1,3-thiaphosphetans
(2,6-di-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-ammoniumsalz des 3-Mercapto-3-oxo-1,3-oxaphosphetans
(2,6-Diäthyl-phenyl)-diäthylammoniumsalz des 3-Hydroxy-3-oxo-1,3-thiaphosphetans
Tri-n-nonyl-ammoniumsalz des 3-Hydroxy-3-oxo-1,3-oxaphosphetans
Di-(2-äthyl-hexyl)-ammoniumsalz des 3-Hydroxy-3-oxo-1,3-thiaphosphetans. - Es kann ein bestimmtes oder es können mehrere der genannten Phophetanderivate eingesetzt werden.
- Die Untersuchungen der Anmelderin haben überraschend ergeben, daß der Verschleiß an den Ketten durch die erfindungsgemäßen Phosphetanderivate sehr stark herabgesetzt wird, so daß ein Schmiermittel erhalten wird, das sowohl die erwünschte Reibungszahl als auch einen geringen Kettenverschleiß ergibt.
- Das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel wurde sowohl im CVT-Getriebeprüfstand als auch im Fahrzeug in zahlreichen Tests sorgfältig geprüft.
Das Versuchsgetriebe wurde vor jedem Versuchsbeginn mit ca. 5 L Versuchsöl gefüllt. - Zwischen den Versuchen erfolgte eine gründliche Reinigung und anschließendes Spülen mit ca. 1,5 L des neuen Versuchs-Schmieröls.
- Nach jeweils 3000 KWh (entsprechend 12.000 km Prüflauf) wurden zur Untersuchung 50 ml Schmiermittel entnommen und dieselbe Menge Frischöl nachgefüllt.
Jeder Anfahrzyklus dauerte knapp 1 Minute, entsprechend etwa einer Fahrstrecke von 1 km.
Es wurden Versuche mit Fahrstrecken von 12.000, 24.000 und 38.000 km durchgeführt. - Der Anfahrzyklus wurde so gewählt, daß Kette und Kegelscheiben der höchstmöglichen Belastung durch ständige Verstellung, Stillstandsverstellung und dementsprechend hohe Gleitanteile ausgesetzt waren.
Übertragen auf ein Fahrzeug wurde bei springender Kupplung bei mittlerer Motordrehzahl und mittlerem Motorennennmoment angefahren und schnell auf eine Fahrgeschwindigkeit von ca. 120 km/h beschleunigt. Dann erfolgte eine Vollbremsung bei gleichzeitiger Rückverstellung der Wandlerübersetzung in den Anfahrgang. - Bewertungskriterien für die Qualität des eingesetzten Schmierstoffs war der Verschließ an den eingesetzten Wiegedruckstükken, die Bildung von Graufleckigkeit auf den Kegelscheiben und die Reibungszahl.
- Eine typische Schmiermittel-Rezeptur enthielt folgende Komponenten:
Polyisobuten 65 Gew.-% Naphthenöl 20 " Phosphetan-Derivat 0,03 " + weitere Additive 14,97 " - Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft Verschleißschutzadditive z.B. auf Phosphor- und/oder Schwefelbasis einzusetzen.
- Als Additive können auf dem Markt erhältliche, jedoch auch sonstige Produkte eingesetzt werden.
-
- Folgende Ergebnisse wurden erhalten:
Tabelle 1 übertragene Gesamtarbeit (KWh) Verschleiß (mg) Graufleckigkeit Reibungszahl µ Muster I ATF 8198 32 nein 0,128-0,149 Muster II ATF 7841 58 nein Muster III erf.-gem. 7896 6 nein 0,127-0,0,140 Muster IV (wie III, jedoch ohne Phosphetan) 7955 35 nein 0,105 (ATF= konventionelles Automatic Transmission Fluid) - Die Tabelle zeigt, daß bei optimaler Reibungszahl eine überraschende Verschleißverminderung im Falle des erfindungsgemäßen Musters III eintritt.
Ohne Zusatz des Phosphetans ergibt das der Formulierung des Musters III entsprechende Muster IV jedoch weder eine brauchbare Verschleißzahl noch eine brauchbare Reinbungszahl. - keine Graufleckigkeit.
- Es wurden 3 Proben mit Kilometerleistungen von
- a, 13.000 km
- b, 25.000 km und
- c, 38.000 km
- Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, daß das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel eine ausgezeichnete Scherstabilität besitzt. Aus Neutralisationszahl und Verseifungszahl geht ferner hervor, daß auch die Ölalterung als sehr gering anzusehen ist.
Tabelle 3 Rückstell-Nr. Probe a Probe b Probe c Cu ppm n.n. 2 2 3 Fe ppm n.n. 28 29 32 - Aus Tabelle 3 geht bei den Proben a - c hervor, daß aufgrund der sehr geringen Gehalte an Cu und Fe und der vernachlässigbaren Zunahmen dieser Metalle, die Additivierung einen hervorragenden Verschleißschutz gewährleistet. Ölwechselintervalle können demgemäß ohne weiteres auf über 40.000 km verlängert werden.
- Zusätzlich wurden die Gehalte an
Pb, Si, Mn, Mo, Ca, Zn, Ni, Al, Cr, B, P, Mg, Ba und Sn geprüft.
Bei diesen Elementen wurden gegenüber dem Rückstellmuster (Originalprobe) keine Änderungen festgestellt. - Die Zusammensetzung des Schmiermittels wurde in den Ansprüchen angegebenen Grenzen variiert, wobei zahlreiche Phosphetanderivate in den offenbarten Mengenbereichen zugesetzt wurden, die nach DE-OS 27 15 529 und der dort zitierten Literatur hergestellt wurden. Es wurden hierbei ähnlich gute Testergebnisse erhalten.
- Nur einige der untersuchten Schmiermittel-Mischungen sind in Tabelle 4 zusammengefaßt.
Tabelle 4 Proben-Nr. R₁ R₂ R₃ R₄ X₁ X₂ X₃ Z p n m 1 H CH₃ C₂H₅ H S O O A 1 1 1 2 H C₃H₇ H H S O O B 1 1 1 3 H H H H S O O A 1 2 1 4 H C₄H₉ H H O S S C 1 1 1 Ergebnisse Proben-Nr. übertragene Gesamtarbeit (KWh) Verschleiß (mg) Graufleckigkeit Reibungszahl (µ) 1 8220 3 nein 0,127-0,140 2 7975 2 nein 0,128-0,142 3 8115 5 nein 0,127-0,142 4 8234 15 nein 0,118-0,136 Kilometerleistung : 38.000 km Proben-Nr. Viskosität bei 40°C in mm²/s Viskosität bei 100°C in mm²/s Viskosität index Neutralisationszahl Verseifungszahl Cu ppm Fe ppm 1 16,9 6,9 120 1,13 2,95 2 28 2 16,2 7,0 118 1,13 2,99 2 29 3 14,3 6,3 116 1,15 3,40 2 31 4 13,9 6,0 109 1,13 3,51 4 34 Frischöl 50,5 8,4 144 1,12 2,59 - -
Frischöl | Probe a | Probe b | Probe c | |
Viskosität bei 40 °C in mm²/s | 50,7 | 44 | 42,5 | 41,6 |
Viskosität bei 100 °C in mm²/s | 8,5 | 7,1 | 6,9 | 6,65 |
VIE (Viskositätsindex) | 143 | 122 | 120 | 113 |
NZ (Neutralisationszahl) | 1,11 | 1,15 | ||
VZ (Verseifungszahl) | 2,58 | 3,36 |
Claims (13)
X₁, X₂ und X₃ unabhängig voneinander O oder S bedeuten,
n falls X₁ O ist, 1 und falls X₁ S ist, 1 - 6 bedeutet,
Z eine ein- oder mehrwertige stickstoffhaltige öllösliche organische Base ist,
m 1 - 2 ist und
p 1 - 2 bedeutet.
Bevorzugt bedeutet
X₁ S
n 1 - 2
X₂ und X₃ O wobei
Z ein primäres, sekundäres oder tertiäres Amin der Formel N R₅ R₆ R₇ , worin R₅ und R₆ unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest und R₇ einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Rest bedeuten.
Besonders bevorzugt bedeutet
X₁ S
n 1
X₂ und X₃ O und
Z ein primäres Amin der formel H₂ N R₈ worin R₈ einen aliphatischen Rest bedeutet und
m = 1
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89101495T ATE65795T1 (de) | 1988-02-05 | 1989-01-28 | Schmiermittel fuer getriebe mit stufenloser kraftuebertragung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3803399 | 1988-02-05 | ||
DE3803399 | 1988-02-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0326975A1 true EP0326975A1 (de) | 1989-08-09 |
EP0326975B1 EP0326975B1 (de) | 1991-07-31 |
Family
ID=6346664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89101495A Expired - Lifetime EP0326975B1 (de) | 1988-02-05 | 1989-01-28 | Schmiermittel für Getriebe mit stufenloser Kraftübertragung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4950414A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0326975B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH02196895A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE65795T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE58900194D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2010973B3 (de) |
GR (2) | GR890300198T1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2657088A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-15 | 1991-07-19 | Bp France | Huile lubrifiante hydro-synthetique. |
WO2004026998A1 (ja) * | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-01 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | トラクションドライブ用流体組成物 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4456708B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-28 | 2010-04-28 | 出光興産株式会社 | 環状有機リン化合物を含有する潤滑油組成物 |
IL141094A0 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-02-10 | Ran Siman Tov | Continuous variable transmission |
JP4910266B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-01 | 2012-04-04 | 栗田工業株式会社 | アンモニア性窒素含有水の硝化方法及び処理方法 |
US7367913B2 (en) | 2005-02-11 | 2008-05-06 | Team Industries, Inc. | Wet brake system for vehicles |
US7754664B2 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2010-07-13 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Lubricants or lubricant additives composed of ionic liquids containing ammonium cations |
US20140171348A1 (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Ionic liquids as lubricating oil base stocks, cobase stocks and multifunctional functional fluids |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2245757A1 (de) * | 1973-10-01 | 1975-04-25 | Lubrizol Corp | |
DE2715529A1 (de) * | 1976-04-12 | 1977-10-20 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Neue schmiermittelzusaetze |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2117323C3 (de) * | 1971-04-08 | 1978-08-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Temperaturschalter |
JPS4844301A (de) * | 1972-02-18 | 1973-06-26 | ||
US4670173A (en) * | 1985-12-19 | 1987-06-02 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Oil-soluble reaction products of an acylated reaction product, a polyamine, and mono-functional acid |
-
1989
- 1989-01-28 DE DE8989101495T patent/DE58900194D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-28 EP EP89101495A patent/EP0326975B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-28 AT AT89101495T patent/ATE65795T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-28 ES ES89101495T patent/ES2010973B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-31 US US07/304,778 patent/US4950414A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-03 JP JP1024126A patent/JPH02196895A/ja active Granted
-
1990
- 1990-10-31 GR GR89300198T patent/GR890300198T1/el unknown
-
1991
- 1991-10-16 GR GR91401546T patent/GR3002900T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2245757A1 (de) * | 1973-10-01 | 1975-04-25 | Lubrizol Corp | |
DE2715529A1 (de) * | 1976-04-12 | 1977-10-20 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Neue schmiermittelzusaetze |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2657088A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-15 | 1991-07-19 | Bp France | Huile lubrifiante hydro-synthetique. |
WO2004026998A1 (ja) * | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-01 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | トラクションドライブ用流体組成物 |
US7956226B2 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2011-06-07 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd | Traction drive fluid compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR3002900T3 (en) | 1993-01-25 |
DE58900194D1 (de) | 1991-09-05 |
ATE65795T1 (de) | 1991-08-15 |
US4950414A (en) | 1990-08-21 |
JPH0588918B2 (de) | 1993-12-24 |
ES2010973A4 (es) | 1989-12-16 |
EP0326975B1 (de) | 1991-07-31 |
JPH02196895A (ja) | 1990-08-03 |
GR890300198T1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
ES2010973B3 (es) | 1992-03-16 |
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