EP0321771A2 - Fusible miniature - Google Patents

Fusible miniature Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0321771A2
EP0321771A2 EP88120289A EP88120289A EP0321771A2 EP 0321771 A2 EP0321771 A2 EP 0321771A2 EP 88120289 A EP88120289 A EP 88120289A EP 88120289 A EP88120289 A EP 88120289A EP 0321771 A2 EP0321771 A2 EP 0321771A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal surface
fuse
miniature
cap
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88120289A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0321771A3 (en
EP0321771B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Asdollahi
Karl Dr.-Ing. Poerschke
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Stärk
Claus Dipl.-Ing. Friedrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wickmann Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Wickmann Werke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19873742532 external-priority patent/DE3742532A1/de
Priority claimed from DE8812144U external-priority patent/DE8812144U1/de
Application filed by Wickmann Werke GmbH filed Critical Wickmann Werke GmbH
Publication of EP0321771A2 publication Critical patent/EP0321771A2/fr
Publication of EP0321771A3 publication Critical patent/EP0321771A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0321771B1 publication Critical patent/EP0321771B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H01H85/0415—Miniature fuses cartridge type
    • H01H85/0417—Miniature fuses cartridge type with parallel side contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/0013—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse
    • H01H85/0021—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices
    • H01H2085/0034—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices with molded casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H2085/388—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc using special materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/0013—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse
    • H01H85/0021—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices
    • H01H85/003—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices casings for the fusible element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a miniature fuse according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Small and micro fuses are increasingly preferred due to their small space requirements.
  • the outer diameter is only 8 mm and the height is 6 mm.
  • the switching capacity of such fuses is usually 35 A at 250 V or 100 A at 125 V depending on the standardization.
  • the direct inclusion of the metal surface in the deflection of the arc onto cold areas of high heat capacity cools the surroundings to such an extent that the arc is extinguished.
  • the metal surface serves to cool the arc in that energy is withdrawn from the arc, which in particular passes directly to the metal surface.
  • the metal of the metal surface is melted down heavily.
  • the wall thickness of the metal surface is dimensioned sufficiently so that it does not melt and holes are created through which the metal vapor and the gases that are produced are blown out of the chamber.
  • the energy consumption due to division, displacement and use of the arc to melt the metal is so effective that the pressure inside the chamber when the fuse is switched off remains surprisingly low. This is true even if the current load when the fuse is switched off is of a magnitude that can no longer be managed with the small and micro fuses previously available.
  • the invention can be implemented in all known small and micro fuses regardless of the respective housing shape. It is always important that the arc passes from the fusible conductor to the metal surface in good time and that a sufficient proportion of the energy supplied is converted into heat of fusion and stored in the material of the metal surface. In this way, the contribution to increasing the internal pressure in the chamber is made vanishingly small.
  • a timely skip means that the fuse element must be melted over a corresponding minimum length in order to achieve a safe separation before the arc leaves the fuse element. However, the skipping should not take place later than necessary, in order to bring about a direct supply and storage of the energy in the metal surface as quickly as possible.
  • the choice of the distances of the fusible conductor or of the contacts from the metal surface makes it possible to determine where the arc jumps on the metal surface after the fusible conductor has melted. In confined spaces, which usually prevail in a miniature fuse, the distances of the fusible conductor or the contacts from the metal surface are chosen so that two arcs occur, at the most widely spaced locations within the chamber.
  • a miniature fuse which consists of a cylindrical base 1 made of plastic and a cap 2 which is also made of plastic.
  • the cap 2 is pressure-tightly connected to the base 1, for example welded.
  • Two electrical contacts 3 and 4 extend through the base 1 and are circular in cross section and are anchored in the base 1 in a gas-tight manner.
  • the contacts 3 and 4 each carry end sections 5 and 6, to which a fuse element 7 is fastened in the usual way, for example with solder 13 or by welding or bonding.
  • the base 1 and the cap 2 form a pressure-tight, cylindrical chamber 9, in which the fusible conductor 7 is enveloped by a gaseous medium.
  • the dimensions of the miniature fuse shown are approx. 10 mm in diameter and approx. 8 mm in height.
  • a circular disk 8 made of metal, for. B. of iron, copper, aluminum, titanium, tin, zinc, molybdenum, tungsten, silver, nickel or tantalum or an alloy with at least one of these elements.
  • the metal disk 8 is inserted into the cap 2 before it is installed and fastened in the position shown by clamping or gluing or the like.
  • a metal surface 14 of the disk 8 faces the fusible conductor 7, which is also inserted when the fuse is triggered.
  • the fusible link 7 melts and a primary arc 10 is formed, which is indicated by a dashed arcuate line in FIG. 1. If, for example, the separation length in the fuse element 7 exceeds the distance between the end sections 5 and 6 of the contacts 3 and 4, the arc jumps onto the metal disk 8 in such a way that two partial arcs 11 and 12 result, each from one of the end sections 5 and 6 the disc 8 run and cause an electrical shunt. The primary arc 10 thereby extinguishes. For the reasons mentioned at the beginning, the secondary partial arcs 11 and 12 are also quickly extinguished, so that the internal pressure hardly increases appreciably.
  • a metal cap 22 is provided, the effect of which is explained in more detail below.
  • the metal cap 22 is provided on the outside with a firmly adhering insulating layer in the form of a plastic cap 23. This can also be an electrically insulating plastic layer, which is applied to the starting sheet before the shaping of a circular blank to form the later metal cap 22.
  • the insulating layer in the form of the plastic cap 23 only later, namely, for example, at the end of the securing production by immersing the cap area in a liquid plastic bath or by spraying a corresponding layer onto the surface of the metal cap 22.
  • a distance A 1 between the fusible link 7 or the contacts 3 and 4 and / or the solder 13 on the one hand and the adjacent metal surface 14 of the metal cap 22 on the other hand is chosen to be smaller than the distance of the aforementioned components from the others Areas of the metal surface 14 of the metal cap 22, that is, for example, opposite the bottom surface of the metal cap 22.
  • the wall thickness W of the metal cap 22 has a minimum thickness which essentially depends on the energy load when the fuse is switched off.
  • the fuse element 7 melts again, and a primary arc 10 is formed, which is shown schematically by broken lines in FIG. 2.
  • the distance A 1 of the contacts 3 and 4 or the fusible conductor 7 from the metal surface 14 is now dimensioned such that the arc 10, when the fusible conductor 7 has melted off over a sufficiently long distance, jumps from the contacts 3 and 4 to the adjacent areas 24 of the metal surface 14 and divides, i.e. forms two secondary arcs 11 and 12.
  • These secondary arcs 11 and 12 are again shown schematically in FIG. 2 by dashed lines.
  • one contact 3 is extended with its end section 5 until it comes into contact with the metal surface 14.
  • a distance A 2 between the other end section 6 of the contact 4 and the metal surface 14 of the metal cap 22 is chosen to be smaller than the lateral distance of the contact 4 and the fusible conductor 7 from the laterally extending metal surface 14 in the cylindrical region of the metal cap 22.
  • This arrangement is chosen , so that the schematically illustrated, secondary arc 12 after sufficient melting of the fusible conductor 7 when the fuse is switched off from the end section 6 of the contact 4 jumps onto the front metal surface 14 of the metal cap 22 and heats and melts a corresponding area 24 there, which in turn causes the energy of the secondary arc 12 is consumed until it goes out.
  • This exemplary embodiment is particularly well suited for controlling the secondary arc, which makes this type particularly independent of the installation position.
  • the end section 5 of the contact 3 can also be arranged at a distance A 2 from the metal surface 14 of the metal cap 22, so that two secondary arcs in turn occur when the fuse is triggered.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)
EP88120289A 1987-12-16 1988-12-05 Fusible miniature Expired - Lifetime EP0321771B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873742532 DE3742532A1 (de) 1987-12-16 1987-12-16 Kleinstsicherung
DE3742532 1987-12-16
DE8812144U 1988-09-26
DE8812144U DE8812144U1 (fr) 1988-09-26 1988-09-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0321771A2 true EP0321771A2 (fr) 1989-06-28
EP0321771A3 EP0321771A3 (en) 1989-12-06
EP0321771B1 EP0321771B1 (fr) 1992-06-10

Family

ID=25862821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88120289A Expired - Lifetime EP0321771B1 (fr) 1987-12-16 1988-12-05 Fusible miniature

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4899123A (fr)
EP (1) EP0321771B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH025328A (fr)
DE (1) DE3871925D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9007239U1 (fr) * 1990-06-30 1991-10-31 Wickmann-Werke Gmbh, 5810 Witten, De
CN112292746A (zh) * 2019-01-08 2021-01-29 株式会社Lg化学 端子汇流条

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4155825B2 (ja) * 2001-03-02 2008-09-24 ビックマン−ベルケ ゲーエムベーハー ヒューズエレメントの製造方法
US7659804B2 (en) * 2004-09-15 2010-02-09 Littelfuse, Inc. High voltage/high current fuse
DE112006003928B4 (de) * 2006-06-16 2011-05-05 Smart Electronics, Inc. Klein bemessene oberflächenmontierbare Sicherung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US20080143471A1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Chun-Chang Yen Fuse assembly
DE102008025917A1 (de) * 2007-06-04 2009-01-08 Littelfuse, Inc., Des Plaines Hochspannungssicherung
US20090108980A1 (en) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-30 Littelfuse, Inc. Fuse providing overcurrent and thermal protection
US8179224B2 (en) * 2008-04-17 2012-05-15 Chun-Chang Yen Overcurrent protection structure and method and apparatus for making the same
US8576041B2 (en) * 2008-12-17 2013-11-05 Cooper Technologies Company Radial fuse base and assembly
KR101038401B1 (ko) * 2009-04-21 2011-06-03 스마트전자 주식회사 소형퓨즈 및 그 제조방법
US9117615B2 (en) * 2010-05-17 2015-08-25 Littlefuse, Inc. Double wound fusible element and associated fuse
WO2012025853A1 (fr) 2010-08-23 2012-03-01 Brusa Elektronik Ag Fusible électrique
US20130342305A1 (en) * 2012-06-25 2013-12-26 Jui-Chih Yen Structure of positioning cover of miniature fuse device
JP6510827B2 (ja) * 2015-02-05 2019-05-08 内橋エステック株式会社 保護素子
WO2016145642A1 (fr) * 2015-03-19 2016-09-22 Cooper Technologies Company Fusible subminiature à haute interruption de courant et son procédé de fabrication

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE724865C (de) * 1941-02-22 1942-09-08 Aeg Schmelzsicherung mit insbesondere keramischem Isolierkoerper und einer besonderen Auskleidung des Schmelzkanals
DE1413956B2 (fr) * 1960-12-14 1975-01-09 Littelfuse Inc., Des Plaines, Ill. (V.St.A.)
DE3033529A1 (de) * 1979-09-08 1981-04-02 San-O Industrial Co., Ltd., Tokyo Miniatur-schmelzsicherung
DE3035666A1 (de) * 1979-01-15 1982-05-06 San O Ind Co Traege schmelzsicherung mit doppelroehrengehaeuse und erhoehter abschaltleistung
DE3118943A1 (de) * 1981-05-13 1982-12-02 Wickmann-Werke GmbH, 5810 Witten Kleinstsicherung
DE8703456U1 (fr) * 1986-07-19 1987-04-30 Wickmann-Werke Gmbh, 5810 Witten, De

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61206128A (ja) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-12 松下電器産業株式会社 高温用温度ヒユ−ズセンサ

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE724865C (de) * 1941-02-22 1942-09-08 Aeg Schmelzsicherung mit insbesondere keramischem Isolierkoerper und einer besonderen Auskleidung des Schmelzkanals
DE1413956B2 (fr) * 1960-12-14 1975-01-09 Littelfuse Inc., Des Plaines, Ill. (V.St.A.)
DE3035666A1 (de) * 1979-01-15 1982-05-06 San O Ind Co Traege schmelzsicherung mit doppelroehrengehaeuse und erhoehter abschaltleistung
DE3033529A1 (de) * 1979-09-08 1981-04-02 San-O Industrial Co., Ltd., Tokyo Miniatur-schmelzsicherung
DE3118943A1 (de) * 1981-05-13 1982-12-02 Wickmann-Werke GmbH, 5810 Witten Kleinstsicherung
DE8703456U1 (fr) * 1986-07-19 1987-04-30 Wickmann-Werke Gmbh, 5810 Witten, De

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9007239U1 (fr) * 1990-06-30 1991-10-31 Wickmann-Werke Gmbh, 5810 Witten, De
CN112292746A (zh) * 2019-01-08 2021-01-29 株式会社Lg化学 端子汇流条
CN112292746B (zh) * 2019-01-08 2024-04-09 株式会社Lg新能源 端子汇流条

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH025328A (ja) 1990-01-10
EP0321771A3 (en) 1989-12-06
DE3871925D1 (de) 1992-07-16
EP0321771B1 (fr) 1992-06-10
US4899123A (en) 1990-02-06

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