EP0321018B1 - Procédé de réduction directe de matériaux ferreux dans un four rotatif - Google Patents

Procédé de réduction directe de matériaux ferreux dans un four rotatif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0321018B1
EP0321018B1 EP88202755A EP88202755A EP0321018B1 EP 0321018 B1 EP0321018 B1 EP 0321018B1 EP 88202755 A EP88202755 A EP 88202755A EP 88202755 A EP88202755 A EP 88202755A EP 0321018 B1 EP0321018 B1 EP 0321018B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary kiln
fraction
iron oxide
fine
blown
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88202755A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0321018A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Elsenheimer
Hermann Lommert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Publication of EP0321018A1 publication Critical patent/EP0321018A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0321018B1 publication Critical patent/EP0321018B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the direct reduction of iron oxide-containing materials by means of solid carbon-containing reducing agents to sponge iron in the rotary tube furnace, wherein coarse-grained iron oxide-containing material is charged into the loading end of the rotary tube furnace and fine-grained iron oxide-containing material is blown into the reduction zone.
  • the fine grain is usually screened below about 5 mm before use in the rotary kiln.
  • This screening of the fine grain fraction is necessary because the fine fraction is heated and reduced more quickly on the way through the rotary kiln than the coarse material and therefore tends to overheat or reoxidize. This then leads to softening of the feed and formation of deposits, especially in connection with the coal ash.
  • a pre-broken material for example with a grain size of 60 to 100 mm, is often delivered, which is then crushed to the intended upper grain size of approximately 15 to 25 mm.
  • the resulting fine fraction of less than 5 mm can be up to about 25% of the starting material. This fine fraction can only be sold at a discount or has to be landfilled and thus burdens the manufacturing costs for the sponge iron.
  • GB-PS 1 098 157 a method for the direct reduction of fine-grained iron ores is known, in which possibly existing parts with a grain size of over 5 mm or over 2 mm are screened and charged into the loading end of the rotary kiln, while the fine-grained ore from the discharge end of the rotary kiln and is distributed over the feed at least 4 m in length. It is preferred to sieve, pellet or briquette from the fine-grain ore the finest fraction with a grain size of less than 0.06 mm and then charge it into the loading end. If there are only small proportions with a grain size above 5 mm or 2 mm, the entire ore is blown in. The finest fraction made into pieces can also be blown in. However, application of this method to the fine fraction of lumpy ores does not lead to satisfactory operating results.
  • the object of the invention is to utilize the fine fraction as economically as possible without disadvantage for the method when processing lumpy materials containing iron oxide.
  • the term "lumpy iron oxide containing material” includes both lumpy iron ore and pelletized iron ore or other substances containing iron oxide such as dusts from steel production. In the case of a feed consisting of pellets, the fine fraction consists of pellet breakage and abrasion.
  • the term "screen cut” is to be understood as meaning a screening with a constant screen opening in the specified range.
  • the fine fraction is blown into the discharge end of the rotary kiln using a gaseous carrier medium, preferably air. Coarser particles are thrown further into the furnace than finer particles. The amount and distribution of the fine fraction of the material are adjusted so that the material is heated up to the point of discharge and largely reduced.
  • the blowing can be carried out by means of one or more blowing devices.
  • the blowing width can be adjusted and regulated by changing the blowing angle of the blowing device and / or changing the blowing speed.
  • the fine fraction can be blown in separately or together with a solid reducing agent.
  • the rotary kiln can be operated both in countercurrent and in cocurrent between the direction of flow of the feed and the gas atmosphere in the furnace.
  • the fine fraction is blown in the direction of flow of the gas atmosphere and in the co-current process against the direction of flow in the gas atmosphere.
  • the reduction zone of the rotary kiln is the zone in which a reduction to metallic iron takes place.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the fine fraction of the iron oxide-containing material up to 40% of the furnace length, calculated from the discharge end of the rotary kiln, preferably 15 to 20% of the furnace length, is blown in. With this blowing length, a very good and quick reduction of the blown material is achieved without disturbing the furnace operation.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the fine fraction of the iron oxide-containing material is blown into the rotary kiln without the addition of a solid carbon-containing reducing agent.
  • the separate injection of the fine fraction enables a particularly good and even distribution on the feed.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the fine fraction containing iron oxide is distributed in the upper quadrant of the furnace cross section to the feed running off the wall of the furnace.
  • the fine fraction is distributed to the feed in the upper right quadrant of the cross section of the kiln.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in charging the fine fraction of the iron oxide-containing material together with the reduced material discharged from the rotary kiln into the indirect cooler.
  • the reduced material discharged from the furnace is charged into the indirect cooler in the absence of air.
  • the cooler is connected to the reducing gas atmosphere at the discharge end of the rotary kiln, so that the Cooling takes place under reducing conditions.
  • the outside of the cooler is sprinkled with water.
  • the fine fraction is largely reduced in the first part of the cooler that is still bricked up. As a result, the very fine fraction can also be processed without additional effort and without disadvantages for the process.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the finest fraction of the iron oxide-containing material is fed into the transfer chute between the discharge end of the rotary kiln and the discharge end of the indirect cooler.
  • the very fine fraction can also be blown into the discharge end of the rotary kiln. It is then largely carried away by the furnace atmosphere, discharged from the furnace and goes into the cooler or hot goods bunker.
  • One embodiment is that the fine fraction is mixed with oil before use in the cooler. This can increase the carbon content in the sponge iron.
  • the rotary kiln has a length of 80 m and an inner diameter of 4.8 m.
  • Each air nozzle system consists of ring-shaped air nozzles that penetrate the furnace wall and lining, but do not protrude into the interior of the rotary kiln.
  • the air injection tubes radially penetrate the furnace wall and lining. Their outlet openings lie approximately in the center axis of the furnace and are arranged in the direction of flow of the gas atmosphere.
  • the rotary kiln is operated in counterflow between the direction of flow of the feed and the gas atmosphere.
  • the iron ore has an Fe content of 67.0% and a moisture content of 1.0%.
  • the ore is first broken down to a grain size of less than 20 mm and then screened with a screen cut of 1.0 and a screen cut of 5.0 mm.
  • the coarse fraction with a grain size above 5.0 mm is charged in an amount of 30.5 t / h into the loading end of the rotary kiln.
  • the fine fraction with a grain size of 1.0 to 5.0 mm is blown in an amount of 3.0 t / h with carrier air through the blowing device for the fine ore into the discharge end of the rotary kiln and to 20% of the furnace length, calculated from the discharge end , distributed on the feed.
  • the fine fraction with a grain size of less than 1.0 mm is mixed in an amount of 0.4 t / h with 0.1 t / h of oil and placed in the transfer chute between the discharge end of the rotary kiln and the discharge end of the indirect cooler .
  • the coal used as a reducing agent has the following composition: carbon 51.0% volatiles 25.0% ash 24.0% sulfur 0.6% humidity 10% Grit 0 to 15 mm
  • the sponge iron discharged from the cooler is obtained in an amount of 17.34 t / h with a grain size of more than 3 mm and in an amount of 5.80 t / h in a grain size of less than 3 mm.
  • the metallization is 92 to 93% and the carbon content is 0.5%.
  • the advantages of the invention are that the manufacturing costs for the sponge iron are reduced by the amount that would otherwise be lost with the portion with fine grain size that cannot be used in the rotary kiln without impairing the operation of the rotary kiln.
  • the throughput of the rotary kiln is even increased because the other operating conditions do not change.
  • the specific Investment costs are reduced.
  • the proportion of fine material blown in absorbs less sulfur, since a large part of the sulfur brought in by the coal has already been driven off or set when the fine material hits the feed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Iron (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de réduction, directe de matériaux en morceaux en éponge de fer, au moyen d'agents réducteurs carbonés solides au four tubulaire rotatif, qui consiste à charger du matériau à grains grossiers et contenant de l'oxyde fer à l'extrémité de chargement du four tubulaire rotatif et à insuffler du matériau à grains fins et contenant de l'oxyde de fer dans la zone de réduction, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à séparer le matériau en morceaux contenant de l'oxyde de fer avant le chargement dans le four tubulaire rotatif, par une coupe granulométrique de 3 à 6 mm et par une coupe granulométrique de 0,8 à 1,5 mm, en une fraction grossière, en une fraction fine et en une fraction très fine, à charger la fraction grossière à l'extrémité de chargement du four tubulaire rotatif, et à insuffler la fraction fine de l'extrémité de déchargement du four tubulaire rotatif à la zone de réduction et à la répartir sur le chargement.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à insuffler la fraction fine du matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer jusqu'à 40 % de la longeur du four, calculée à partir de l'extrémité de déchargement du four tubulaire rotatif, et de préférence entre 15 et 20 % de la longeur du four.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à insuffler la fraction fine du matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer dans le four tubulaire rotatif sans addition d'agents réducteurs carbonés solides.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à répartir la fraction fine contenant de l'oxyde de fer dans le cadran supérieur de la section transversale du four sur le chargement s'écoulant de la paroi du four.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à charger dans le dispositif de refroidissement par voie indirecte la fraction très fine du matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer, en même temps que le matériau réduit déchargé du four tubulaire rotatif.
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à charger la fraction très fine du matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer dans la goulotte de transfert entre l'extrémité de déchargement du four tubulaire rotatif et l'extrémité d'entrée dans le dispositif de refroidissement par voie indirecte.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mélanger la fraction très fine à de l'huile, avant l'entrée dans le dispositif de refroidissement.
EP88202755A 1987-12-18 1988-12-01 Procédé de réduction directe de matériaux ferreux dans un four rotatif Expired - Lifetime EP0321018B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873743007 DE3743007A1 (de) 1987-12-18 1987-12-18 Verfahren zur direktreduktion von eisenoxidhaltigen materialien im drehrohrofen
DE3743007 1987-12-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0321018A1 EP0321018A1 (fr) 1989-06-21
EP0321018B1 true EP0321018B1 (fr) 1992-07-22

Family

ID=6342944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88202755A Expired - Lifetime EP0321018B1 (fr) 1987-12-18 1988-12-01 Procédé de réduction directe de matériaux ferreux dans un four rotatif

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0321018B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1016618B (fr)
AU (1) AU610957B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8805650A (fr)
DE (2) DE3743007A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2042722T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3005903T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN169929B (fr)
PT (1) PT89252B (fr)
TR (1) TR23570A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA889414B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA947333B (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-05-10 Rgc Mineral Sands Ltd Treatment of titaniferous material.
GB9523229D0 (en) * 1995-11-14 1996-01-17 Allied Dust Processing Ltd Method of processing finely divided material incorporating metal based constituents
CN100398669C (zh) * 2005-05-10 2008-07-02 太原理工大学 用微波竖炉制取低碳海绵铁的方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1542305A1 (de) * 1965-06-23 1970-04-30 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur Durchfuehrung endothermer Reaktionen im Drehrohrofen
FR1484260A (fr) * 1965-06-23 1967-06-09 Metallgesellschaft Ag Procédé de réalisation de réactions endothermiques dans un four tubulaire tournant
DE2905339A1 (de) * 1979-02-13 1980-08-21 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur erzeugung von stahl

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT89252A (pt) 1989-12-29
ES2042722T3 (es) 1993-12-16
IN169929B (fr) 1992-01-11
DE3873051D1 (de) 1992-08-27
AU610957B2 (en) 1991-05-30
TR23570A (tr) 1990-04-03
CN1033649A (zh) 1989-07-05
AU2695388A (en) 1989-06-22
GR3005903T3 (fr) 1993-06-07
CN1016618B (zh) 1992-05-13
DE3743007A1 (de) 1989-06-29
ZA889414B (en) 1990-08-29
BR8805650A (pt) 1989-07-18
PT89252B (pt) 1993-07-30
EP0321018A1 (fr) 1989-06-21

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