EP0316978B1 - Dispositif de moulage à porosité variable pour la fabrication de moules de fonderie en sable et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Dispositif de moulage à porosité variable pour la fabrication de moules de fonderie en sable et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0316978B1
EP0316978B1 EP88202375A EP88202375A EP0316978B1 EP 0316978 B1 EP0316978 B1 EP 0316978B1 EP 88202375 A EP88202375 A EP 88202375A EP 88202375 A EP88202375 A EP 88202375A EP 0316978 B1 EP0316978 B1 EP 0316978B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
form tool
tool according
pore
mold
pored
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88202375A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0316978A1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Knöss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metallwerk Plansee GmbH
Original Assignee
Metallwerk Plansee GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallwerk Plansee GmbH filed Critical Metallwerk Plansee GmbH
Priority to AT88202375T priority Critical patent/ATE71862T1/de
Publication of EP0316978A1 publication Critical patent/EP0316978A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0316978B1 publication Critical patent/EP0316978B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/18—Plants for preparing mould materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • B22C9/123—Gas-hardening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/06—Core boxes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-permeable mold for the production of casting and core molds from hardenable molding sand, as well as a method for its production and an advantageous use of such tools.
  • Molds made from molding sand are widely used in the manufacture of cast metal parts. These are solid or bowl-shaped shapes that can only be used once.
  • fine-grained molding sand is provided with hardenable binder additives, placed in a mold via a sand inlet opening and cured there.
  • the curing takes place thermally - high energy expenditure - or more recently alternatively also by means of reaction gases, which are pressed under pressure through the molding sand in the molding tool.
  • the gas is pressed into the sand at the sand inlet opening and must exit the molding tool through bores, nozzles or other channels and openings mechanically introduced into the mold wall.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to produce a mold with a wall which is homogeneously gas-permeable in the micro range.
  • the methods and techniques described at the beginning are thus ruled out.
  • the task is to create a heteroporous mold wall using a suitable combination of techniques known per se for producing porous materials, which has a suitable microporosity in its area adjacent to the molding sand and forms a coarse-pored, skeletal support structure in its adjacent area .
  • the molding tools produced in this way are intended to permit the production of casting molds from molding sand in large numbers, in particular also as a non-massive, shell-shaped casting mold.
  • the surface of the molding tool exposed to the molding sand must be particularly wear-resistant. Pore clogging by molding sand should no longer be a major cause of failure of the molding tool. Pores which may be blocked by molding sand have to regenerate with little effort, i.e. H. get exposed again.
  • the object of creating a gas-permeable molding tool is achieved according to the invention in that the tool consists of heteroporous, open-pore material, the wall of the molding tool having a first, fine-pored layer area of 0.2-2 mm thickness, 75-95, adjacent to the molding sand % theoretical material density and pore diameter ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, to which a second, massive area in the form of a large-pore support skeleton with ⁇ 80% theoretical material density and an average pore diameter> 100 ⁇ m is materially adjacent.
  • the molding tools include both casting and core forms, i. H. both molds for the production of massive and hollow castings.
  • metallic and / or ceramic materials and / or plastics come into consideration as materials for the mold wall.
  • Up to 60,000 sand molds can be produced in a single mold of known designs.
  • the sand is filled into the mold at high speed and under high pressure.
  • the wear requirements for the surface of the mold coming into contact with the molding sand are correspondingly high. This fact must be taken into account by the selection of the material for the fine-pored layer of the molding tool.
  • Wear-resistant steel grades as well as wear-resistant ceramics as well as metallic and non-metallic hard materials e.g. As silicon nitride, boron nitride, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, silicon carbide.
  • the heteroporous wall of the molding tool can either be formed by viscous, foamed and then solidified material, or the wall is formed by means of a powdery starting material to be solidified.
  • the layer of the mold wall that comes into contact with the molding sand can be formed by isostatically pressing powder onto a jig mold corresponding to the casting.
  • the powder, mixed with a volatile solvent, can be applied as a paste or sprayed onto the gauge.
  • Galvanic processes and gas deposition processes (PVD processes) for forming such layers have also proven successful.
  • the layer can be placed on the gauge shape in the form of a flexible metallic or ceramic film.
  • the flexibility of such foils is given by volatile, highly flexible thermoplastic components in solid form during subsequent heat treatment. Otherwise, the foils consist of powdery metals, hard materials or ceramics.
  • the gauge form covered with the layer material is then either foamed or, after embedding in a corresponding outer form, backfilled with coarse-grained powder material and preferably isostatically pressed.
  • the finished composite body is produced by thermal or chemical curing, firing or sintering of the compacted composite materials.
  • the granules pretreated in this way can be poured into a mold and / or pressed and then chemically or thermally cured.
  • Molding tools according to the present invention have a number of advantages.
  • the molding sand enclosed in the molding tool can be pressurized through the heteroporous wall.
  • the gas pressure and time it is possible to effect curing of the enclosed molding sand only in an edge zone to a desired depth.
  • An even finer dosage can be achieved by soaking the mold with a suitable liquid.
  • a defined capillary pressure builds up in the fine pores of the tool wall, which releases the reaction gas only when this pressure is exceeded.
  • the core of the enclosed sand remains free-flowing if the gas is dosed stoichiometrically and can be removed and reused after the edge zone has hardened through the sand inlet opening.
  • a major advantage of molds according to the present invention lies in the possibility of adapting their surface facing the molding sand to the desired casting mold, but the rear surface of which with a few flat surfaces, e.g. B. cuboid or cylindrical. Due to the gas loading of the molding sand through the porous wall of the molding tool, a fine gas layer regularly forms between the wall of the molding tool and the molding sand. This prevents the molding sand from sticking to the mold wall during the sand curing process. The sand mold easily detaches from the mold after the hardening process.
  • Figure 1 shows the design of a half-shell of a mold, in section, and devices for producing the mold according to a preferred method.
  • 1 shows the model plate -1- with the gauge shape for the half-shell of a molding tool.
  • the area of the model plate which gives off the sand inlet opening of the molding tool -1a- during later use is particularly marked.
  • a sealing plate -2- lies on the model plate, or is screwed or clamped to it. It has a central cutout corresponding to the geometric shape of the molding tool to be produced.
  • the fine-pore layer area -3- of the mold adjoining the molding sand has a constant layer thickness over the entire surface area, with the exception of a narrow area at the separating surface of the two half-shells.
  • the open-pore support skeleton -4- is materially adjacent to the fine-pore layer area of the molding tool.
  • the external geometric shape of the mold is specified by a mold box -5- or mold frame screwed onto the model plate.
  • the molding box is not completely filled with the material, but where an air space -6- remains between the support skeleton and the top of the molding box when filling in a flowable or spreadable material.
  • a model plate with the gauge shape of one half of the cast part to be manufactured is first produced from a metallic and / or ceramic material or from plastic by customary methods. In the majority of cases, it is advisable for core and casting molds to produce the mold from two half-shells. After applying a release agent, a sealing plate, preferably made of steel or ceramic, is applied to the model plate and screwed to the model plate. The central recess in the sealing plate is to be dimensioned such that in the area of the separating surface of the two half-shells of the mold between the gauge surface (model plate) and the sealing plate there remains a gap at least as thick as the fine-pored layer area of the mold.
  • the fine-pored layer of the molding tool is first applied to the gauge surface of the model plate - if necessary after applying a release agent on the gauge surface.
  • a paste is spread or sprayed on.
  • the paste consists of fine-grained, corrosion-resistant ceramic powder with an average grain size of 10 - 100 ⁇ m, to which 10 - 20% by volume titanium carbide powder (measured by the proportion of ceramic powder) of approximately the same grain size is added to increase the surface wear resistance of the mold.
  • the powder is mixed with a volatile or thermally evaporable binders processed into a paste. If appropriate, non-volatile metallic and / or non-metallic components and / or pore formers are added to the binder.
  • the fine-pore layer is advantageously applied in several layers until the desired total layer thickness is reached.
  • the layer application according to FIG. 1 also takes place over the edge of the sealing plate.
  • the fine-pored layer applied in this way is dried or cured.
  • a molding box or molding frame according to FIG. 1 is screwed onto the model plate or sealing plate and the material for forming the wall area is introduced into the molding box with an open-pore support skeleton.
  • It is a coarse-grained ceramic powder to which volatile pore-forming materials have been added, such as are used, for example, in the production of porous ceramic filters.
  • the ceramic powder is mixed with volatile binders to form a paste, which is then brushed into the molding box and cured there.
  • the mold is then separated from the model plate and sintered or fired in high-temperature furnaces. In this way, wear-resistant, mountable mold half-shells with flat parting surfaces are obtained.
  • the mold surface does not require any surface treatment.
  • the area of the sand inlet opening of the mold is finally sealed with a pore filler, so that no reaction gas can pass through this area of the mold wall during later operation and the molding sand cannot harden in this area.
  • This pressure jump can still be stabilized by impregnating the molding tool with a suitable sealing liquid, as a result of which a very homogeneous capillary pressure builds up in the pores of the fine-pored layer over the entire surface area of the molding tool.
  • the production of a casting mold from hardenable molding sand using a molding tool according to the present invention then proceeds as follows. After the molding sand has been filled in, the molding tool is pressurized with reaction gas from the outside at a pressure of> 2 bar. This presses the liquid out of the capillaries of the fine-pored layer of the molding tool and reaches the molding sand or an edge zone of the sand mold with precisely metered gas pressure.
  • the core area of the filled molding sand remains free-flowing. It can be removed and reused via the sand inlet after curing is complete. When the gas pressure drops below 2 bar, the barrier liquid is drawn back into the pores of the fine-pored layer by wicking. This means short production times for the individual sand molds as well as low susceptibility to faults and reject rates.
  • a jig mold or model plate is produced for a half-shell of a molding tool. Similarly to Example 1, a sealing plate is clamped onto the model plate.
  • the mold wall material for the fine-pored layer is placed on the gauge shape in the form of a flexible metallic foil.
  • the separately manufactured metallic foil consists of a homogeneous mixture of corrosion-resistant steel particles with a grain size distribution of 10 - 100 ⁇ m, possibly enriched with a few volume percent wear-resistant titanium carbide particles of comparable grain size, possibly supplemented by powdered fillers and pore-forming materials as well as a thermoplastic that evaporates at higher temperatures Plastic.
  • a rubber or plastic "tube” is then clamped to the bottom of the model plate and filled with a coarse-grained powder mixture consisting of alloyed iron powder and pore former - covering the fine-pored layer.
  • the inside of the hose is then evacuated and the hose is closed.
  • the complete unit is cold isostatically pressed.
  • the green compact of the molding tool that is produced in this way can be separated from the model and processed further using customary sintering processes.
  • the sintered molding tool can - if necessary - be mechanically processed and, for example, be dimensionally adapted for inclusion in tool holders.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Outil de moulage perméable aux gaz destiné à la fabrication de moules de fonderie et de moules à noyaux en sable de moulage durcissable,
       caractérisé en ce que,
       l'outil se compose d'une matière à pores ouverts de structure hétéroporeuse, la paroi de l'outil de moulage comportant une première zone de couche à pores fins, adjacent au sable du moule, d'une épaisseur de 0,2 à 2 mm, d'une densité égale à 75 à 95% de la densité théorique de la matière et d'un diamètre de pores < 50 µm, à laquelle est adjacente une deuxième zone massive, en forme d'ossature de support à grands pores, d'une densité < 80% de la densité théorique et d'un diamètre moyen de pores > 100 µm.
  2. Outil de moulage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière est une mousse durcie à pores ouverts.
  3. Outil de moulage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que celui-ci consiste en une matière céramique.
  4. Outil de moulage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que celui-ci consiste en une matière métallique.
  5. Outil de moulage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la première et/ou la deuxième zones se composent respectivement de deux couches ou davantage, dont la structure et la composition de matière sont homogènes en elles-mêmes.
  6. Outil de moulage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les zones de parois de dimensions de pores différentes sont en matières différentes.
  7. Outil de moulage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la surface intérieure de l'outil présente la géométrie complexe de l'ébauche à réaliser et en ce que la surface extérieure de l'outil se compose d'un petit nombre de surfaces planes.
  8. Outil de moulage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de moulage est en deux parties ou davantage.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'un outil de moulage selon l'une des revendications 1, ou 3 à 8, caractérisé par les étapes de procédé suivantes:
    - application d'une couche en poudre de granulométrie fine, en une matière A sur un modèle de coulée du corps de coulée,
    - addition, en particulier compression, d'une poudre à grains grossiers en une matière B sur la couche,
    - durcissement du corps composite ainsi formé en une étape de travail unique, en particulier pour des conditions de procédé qui se modifient par étape.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un outil de moulage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un agent porogène est ajouté à au moins l'une des matières pulvérulentes avant son application.
  11. Procédé de fabrication d'un outil de moulage selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le durcissement du corps composite est réalisée par frittage.
  12. Utilisation de l'outil de moulage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11 pour la fabrication de moules de fonderie non massifs, en forme de coquilles, en sable de fonderie
EP88202375A 1987-10-22 1988-10-20 Dispositif de moulage à porosité variable pour la fabrication de moules de fonderie en sable et son procédé de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0316978B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88202375T ATE71862T1 (de) 1987-10-22 1988-10-20 Heteroporoeses formwerkzeug zur herstellung von gussformen aus formsand und verfahren zu dessen herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3735751 1987-10-22
DE19873735751 DE3735751A1 (de) 1987-10-22 1987-10-22 Heteroporoeses formwerkzeug zur herstellung von gussformen aus formsand und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0316978A1 EP0316978A1 (fr) 1989-05-24
EP0316978B1 true EP0316978B1 (fr) 1992-01-22

Family

ID=6338850

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88908950A Pending EP0342209A1 (fr) 1987-10-22 1988-10-20 Outil heteroporeux de formage de moules de fonte en sable de moulage et son procede de fabrication
EP88202375A Expired - Lifetime EP0316978B1 (fr) 1987-10-22 1988-10-20 Dispositif de moulage à porosité variable pour la fabrication de moules de fonderie en sable et son procédé de fabrication

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88908950A Pending EP0342209A1 (fr) 1987-10-22 1988-10-20 Outil heteroporeux de formage de moules de fonte en sable de moulage et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5190094A (fr)
EP (2) EP0342209A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2851293B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR890701245A (fr)
AT (1) ATE71862T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3735751A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2029000T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989003736A1 (fr)

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US6015518A (en) * 1994-11-02 2000-01-18 Unipor Ag Method of making a device for conducting a fluid between a space bounded by a fixed surface and a duct
US5709893A (en) * 1995-06-06 1998-01-20 The Boeing Company Breathable tooling for forming parts from volatile-emitting composite materials
US5686038A (en) * 1995-06-06 1997-11-11 The Boeing Company Resin transfer molding of composite materials that emit volatiles during processing
DE10326788B4 (de) * 2003-06-13 2005-05-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kontaktoberflächen für elektrische Kontakte und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US7416401B2 (en) * 2005-06-13 2008-08-26 The Boeing Company Lightweight composite fairing bar and method for manufacturing the same
DE102007001303B4 (de) * 2007-01-02 2008-09-18 Quadriga Gbmh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Füllkörpers für einen Kernkasten
US8465607B1 (en) 2008-09-18 2013-06-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Higher-performance solid-rocket propellants and methods of utilizing them
AT518323B1 (de) * 2016-02-29 2018-03-15 Wienerberger Ag Pressform für Dachziegel
DE102017217098B3 (de) * 2016-12-06 2018-04-05 Wolfram Bach Verfahren und Form- oder Kernwerkzeug zur Herstellung von Formen oder Kernen
DE202018106268U1 (de) 2018-11-04 2018-11-28 Wolfram Bach Werkzeug zur Herstellung von Formen oder Kernen durch elektrische Widerstandserwärmung eines kunststoffbasierten Materials
GB2600700B (en) * 2020-11-04 2023-07-12 Diageo Great Britain Ltd A system and method for forming a moulded article

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02501721A (ja) 1990-06-14
US5190094A (en) 1993-03-02
ATE71862T1 (de) 1992-02-15
JP2851293B2 (ja) 1999-01-27
EP0316978A1 (fr) 1989-05-24
DE3735751A1 (de) 1989-05-03
DE3868014D1 (de) 1992-03-05
EP0342209A1 (fr) 1989-11-23
DE3735751C2 (fr) 1989-08-31
ES2029000T3 (es) 1992-07-16
WO1989003736A1 (fr) 1989-05-05
KR890701245A (ko) 1989-12-19

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