EP0311134A1 - Matériau pour contacts électriques constitué par de l'argent et du graphite, fabriqué par la métallurgie des poudres procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Matériau pour contacts électriques constitué par de l'argent et du graphite, fabriqué par la métallurgie des poudres procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0311134A1
EP0311134A1 EP88116746A EP88116746A EP0311134A1 EP 0311134 A1 EP0311134 A1 EP 0311134A1 EP 88116746 A EP88116746 A EP 88116746A EP 88116746 A EP88116746 A EP 88116746A EP 0311134 A1 EP0311134 A1 EP 0311134A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silver
material according
powder
copper
graphite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88116746A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0311134B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Michal
Karl E. Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Saeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doduco Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter filed Critical Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
Priority to AT88116746T priority Critical patent/ATE77657T1/de
Publication of EP0311134A1 publication Critical patent/EP0311134A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0311134B1 publication Critical patent/EP0311134B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/30—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with decomposition of metal compounds, e.g. by pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a powder-metallurgically produced material for electrical contacts made of silver with 2 to 7% by weight of graphite and with an additive which increases the strength of the material.
  • Composite materials made of silver with 2 to 7% by weight of graphite are used for electrical contacts in circuit breakers and in circuit breakers.
  • contact pieces made of silver graphite combine a low tendency to weld silver graphite against copper or against silver-plated copper with the opposite contact piece in the contact material pairing that is usually used, with a low contact resistance after an arc effect on the contacting surface.
  • contact pieces made of silver graphite are subject to a relatively high erosion.
  • the switching chamber in which the contact pieces are accommodated is metallized by silver, which evaporates under the influence of an arc, and sooty by released graphite. This reduces the dielectric strength of the switching chamber.
  • Another proposal is to manufacture contact pieces from a silver-copper-graphite fiber composite material by filling graphite powder into a double-jacket tube, the inner wall of which is made of copper and the outer wall of which is silver; the double-walled tube is closed and extruded into a thinner rod, which is then cut into shorter pieces, which are put into a silver tube, which is closed at the ends and then reshaped by extrusion.
  • a contact material with a fine fiber structure is obtained (K. Müller and D. Stöckel "THE IRE PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SILVERBASED COMPOSITE CONTACT MATERIALS" Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Electric Contact Phenomena, Chicago, 1984, pp.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a material for electrical contacts made of silver with graphite and an additive that increases the strength of the material, in which low contact resistance, low welding tendency and low erosion (long service life) combine in a similar advantageous manner as in the well-known silver-copper-graphite fiber composite material; however, the new contact material is said to be more economical to produce than the known fiber composite material.
  • the material should contain at least 0.5% by weight of a base metal in order to be able to bring about an appreciable increase in strength. However, the material should not contain more than 50% by weight of one or more base metals, since otherwise the contact resistance will increase too much, in particular due to the formation of base metal oxides.
  • Particularly suitable base metals are one or more of the metals from the group of copper, nickel, iron, manganese, zinc, tungsten and molybdenum, copper being particularly preferred and the proportion of the base metal in the material preferably being 10 to 25% by weight.
  • base metals those which do not form an alloy with silver or, at best, a precipitation alloy at low temperature, and thereby cause the material to harden.
  • base metals those which have the highest possible electrical conductivity.
  • copper proves to be an optimal base metal additive, whereby a part of the copper, preferably only a portion of 2 to 3% by weight of the material, may be present as copper oxide (CuO), thereby ensuring that the contact pieces are not welded is increased. Because of the simultaneous considerable copper content, there is no need to set the copper oxide content as high as that of the prior art silver-copper oxide-graphite contact materials, so that its disadvantages do not apply to a contact material according to the invention with a low copper oxide content.
  • the materials according to the invention can be produced, at least in principle, like conventional silver-graphite materials by powder metallurgy by pressing powder mixtures, sintering and post-compression, if very fine-grained (average particle size smaller than approx. 0.5 ⁇ m) silver powder, copper powder and graphite powder are mixed with one another , pressed to shaped bodies, sintered and post-compressed, the compression should be so strong that the pore volume of the material is not more than 2%.
  • a particularly advantageous method for producing the material according to the invention is the subject of claim 13.
  • Advantageous further developments of this method are specified in the further subclaims.
  • a silver powder, a base metal powder and a graphite powder are not mixed with one another and pressed to form shaped bodies, but instead a powder of a precipitation alloy made of silver is produced with the base metal and this is mixed with graphite powder; molded articles are then pressed, sintered and post-compressed, the compression should be so strong that the pore volume be less than 2% wearing.
  • a particularly suitable method for obtaining such an alloy powder is spray pyrolysis (US-A-3 510 291, EP-0012 202 A1, DE-29 29 630 C2).
  • a solution which contains a silver salt and one or more base metal salts in solution is sprayed into a hot reaction vessel.
  • the salts are decomposed therein and the solvent evaporated, and an extraordinarily fine-grained alloy powder precipitates, which is particularly suitable for the production of the material according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
EP88116746A 1987-10-09 1988-10-10 Matériau pour contacts électriques constitué par de l'argent et du graphite, fabriqué par la métallurgie des poudres procédé pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0311134B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88116746T ATE77657T1 (de) 1987-10-09 1988-10-10 Pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte aus silber mit graphit und verfahren zu seiner herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3734178 1987-10-09
DE19873734178 DE3734178A1 (de) 1987-10-09 1987-10-09 Pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte aus silber mit graphit und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0311134A1 true EP0311134A1 (fr) 1989-04-12
EP0311134B1 EP0311134B1 (fr) 1992-06-24

Family

ID=6337969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88116746A Expired - Lifetime EP0311134B1 (fr) 1987-10-09 1988-10-10 Matériau pour contacts électriques constitué par de l'argent et du graphite, fabriqué par la métallurgie des poudres procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0311134B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE77657T1 (fr)
DD (1) DD275421A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3734178A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004093256A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Ami Doduco Gmbh Contacts a fiche electrique et produit semi-fini utilise pour les produire
CN105648261A (zh) * 2016-02-01 2016-06-08 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 用于高压大电流的银基换向器材料及制备方法和用途

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3806573A1 (de) * 1988-03-01 1989-09-14 Siemens Ag Kontaktpaar

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH301201A (de) * 1944-11-14 1954-08-31 Licentia Gmbh Kontaktmaterial für häufig betätigte Kontakte.
GB1059872A (en) * 1963-06-04 1967-02-22 Mitsuo Iwauchi Method for manufacturing electrical material
DE2141409A1 (de) * 1971-08-18 1973-03-01 Ts Ni Awtomobil Nij I Awtomoto Metallkeramischer stoff fuer elektrische kontakte und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4699763A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker contact containing silver and graphite fibers

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2929630C2 (de) * 1979-07-21 1983-12-15 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silberpulver

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH301201A (de) * 1944-11-14 1954-08-31 Licentia Gmbh Kontaktmaterial für häufig betätigte Kontakte.
GB1059872A (en) * 1963-06-04 1967-02-22 Mitsuo Iwauchi Method for manufacturing electrical material
DE2141409A1 (de) * 1971-08-18 1973-03-01 Ts Ni Awtomobil Nij I Awtomoto Metallkeramischer stoff fuer elektrische kontakte und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4699763A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker contact containing silver and graphite fibers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Metals Handbook, Ninth Edition, Vol. 3, Dezember 1980, Metals Park, Ohio W.H. CUBBERLY et al. "Electric-Contact Materials" seiten 626, 672-681 *seite 673, 679, 680, Insbesondere spalte 2, zeilen 24-27; spalte 3, zeilen 15-19* *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004093256A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Ami Doduco Gmbh Contacts a fiche electrique et produit semi-fini utilise pour les produire
CN100574014C (zh) * 2003-04-17 2009-12-23 艾米多杜科有限公司 电插头以及用于生产其的半成品
US8697247B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2014-04-15 Doduco Gmbh Electrical plug contacts and a semi-finished product for the production thereof
CN105648261A (zh) * 2016-02-01 2016-06-08 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 用于高压大电流的银基换向器材料及制备方法和用途
CN105648261B (zh) * 2016-02-01 2018-02-16 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 用于高压大电流的银基换向器材料及制备方法和用途

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3872338D1 (de) 1992-07-30
DE3734178A1 (de) 1989-04-20
ATE77657T1 (de) 1992-07-15
DD275421A5 (de) 1990-01-24
EP0311134B1 (fr) 1992-06-24

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