EP0310488B1 - Inspection manhole for fluid transport installations - Google Patents

Inspection manhole for fluid transport installations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0310488B1
EP0310488B1 EP88402422A EP88402422A EP0310488B1 EP 0310488 B1 EP0310488 B1 EP 0310488B1 EP 88402422 A EP88402422 A EP 88402422A EP 88402422 A EP88402422 A EP 88402422A EP 0310488 B1 EP0310488 B1 EP 0310488B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manhole
inspection manhole
inspection
wall
hollows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88402422A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0310488A1 (en
Inventor
Guiseppe Muscianese
Michel Frank
Christian Gander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wavin BV
Original Assignee
Wavin BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wavin BV filed Critical Wavin BV
Priority to AT88402422T priority Critical patent/ATE62298T1/en
Publication of EP0310488A1 publication Critical patent/EP0310488A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0310488B1 publication Critical patent/EP0310488B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
    • E03F5/024—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories made of plastic material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
    • E03F5/021—Connection of sewer pipes to manhole shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
    • E03F5/025—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories provided with a liner

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a manhole for fluid transport installations, for example a drainage or sewer installation, of the type comprising a double-walled plastic manhole bottom with lateral openings for connecting inlets and / or fluid outlets, and one or more extensions coming to adapt to the manhole.
  • a double-walled plastic manhole cover is known, in which the space between the two walls is intended to receive concrete or the like during its installation on the site, in order to increase its weight and its resistance.
  • mechanical see for example DE-U-8 608 182.
  • the main object of the present invention is therefore to remedy this drawback and, to do this, it relates to a manhole of the aforementioned type which is essentially characterized in that the lower external wall of the manhole is provided with recesses serving as ribs reinforcement.
  • these recesses are of frustoconical shape and the top of the recesses is an integral part of the inner bottom wall of the manhole.
  • the two bottom bottom walls remain perfectly spaced from each other, providing a space in which the concrete can be introduced without any difficulty.
  • the manhole bottom has a circular section.
  • extensions are made of plastic with a double circular wall corresponding to the double wall of the bottom and a lower lip intended to come to fit inside the inner side wall of the element located immediately below.
  • a flat, round or oval elastomer seal is inserted in the plane of the joint between the riser and the element located immediately below.
  • the extensions have lateral openings for connecting additional fluid inlets.
  • the manhole shown in Figures 1 to 4 is made in one piece of plastic, for example polyethylene, by rotational molding or the like. It consists of a body 1 of cylindrical double-walled section, open at its upper part, and thus comprises a double side wall 2-3 and a double lower wall 4-5.
  • circular openings 6 are provided in the form of sleeves for connecting fluid inlet or outlet pipes, the sealing being ensured by an annular seal which is received in a groove 7 provided at this effect in the sleeve.
  • four large diameter and two smaller openings are provided which are located at a higher level, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • all these openings 6 are normally closed. on the inside by a veil of material 8 which will be easy to cut on the site depending on the branch lines to be made.
  • the double side wall 2-3 is provided in its upper part with a number of ribs 9 forming spacers and which thus ensure the rigidity of this wall without completely sealing it.
  • the rigidity of the lower double wall 4-5 is ensured by recesses 10 formed in the outer wall 4 and which form reinforcing ribs.
  • these recesses are of frustoconical shape and they are located at the level of the fluid passages, that is to say in the lowest parts.
  • the top of said frustoconical recesses here forms an integral part of the interior wall 5.
  • said tops could also simply bear against the interior wall under the influence of the pressure of the surrounding earth.
  • the manhole cover which has just been described is associated with one or more extensions such as that shown at 11 in FIGS. 5 and 6, in order to form a complete manhole.
  • This extension essentially consists of a cylindrical plastic body open at both ends and has also a double side wall 12-13 corresponding to the double side wall 2-3 of the manhole bottom 1. It is provided in the lower part with an inner lip 14 intended to be fitted into the inner side wall of the element lower formed, either by the back cover, or by another enhancement.
  • the extension is also provided with three openings 16, similar to the openings 6 in the manhole 1, with a groove 17 for the seal and a web of material 18 normally closing off the opening from the inside. Furthermore, this extension is also provided, both at the top and at the bottom, with ribs 19 forming spacers, which ensure the rigidity of the double side wall 12-13.
  • risers such as 11 are placed over them until they reach ground level.
  • the double wall 12-13 of all these extensions is also filled with concrete, possibly reinforced, the seal being ensured by the inner lip 14 engaging in the lower element.
  • a flat, round or oval elastomer seal is inserted in the joint plane between the different risers and also between the bottom and the riser located immediately above, in order to improve the seal between the outside and the 'inside the manhole and to avoid the entry of water from the groundwater or vice versa to avoid that the effluents pollute the environment.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

Inspection manhole for installations such as, for example, a drainage or sewerage installation, of the type comprising an inspection manhole bottom (1) made of a double-walled plastic material with lateral openings (6) for attaching fluid inlets and/or outlets thereto, and one or more risers being fitted onto the inspection manhole bottom, characterised in that the outer lower wall (4) of the inspection manhole bottom (1) is provided with hollows (10) serving as reinforcement ribbing. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un regard pour installations de transport de fluide, par exemple une installation de drainage ou d'égout, du type comprenant un fond de regard en matière plastique à double paroi avec des ouvertures latérales pour y raccorder des entrées et/ou des sorties de fluide, et une ou plusieurs rehausses venant s'adapter sur le fond de regard.The present invention relates to a manhole for fluid transport installations, for example a drainage or sewer installation, of the type comprising a double-walled plastic manhole bottom with lateral openings for connecting inlets and / or fluid outlets, and one or more extensions coming to adapt to the manhole.

On connaît un fond de regard en matière plastique à double paroi, dans lequel l'espace entre les deux parois est destiné à recevoir du béton ou un produit analogue lors de sa pose sur le site, en vue d'augmenter son poids et sa résistance mécanique, voir par exemple DE-U-8 608 182. Toutefois, on a pu constater qu'un tel fond de regard ne présentait pas une rigidité suffisante à sa partie inférieure, ce qui pouvait poser des problèmes, notamment lors de la mise en place du béton.A double-walled plastic manhole cover is known, in which the space between the two walls is intended to receive concrete or the like during its installation on the site, in order to increase its weight and its resistance. mechanical, see for example DE-U-8 608 182. However, it has been observed that such a manhole does not have sufficient rigidity at its lower part, which could cause problems, in particular during installation. place concrete.

La présente invention a donc pour but principal de remédier à cet inconvénient et, pour ce faire, elle a pour objet un regard du type susmentionné qui se caractérise essentiellement en ce que la paroi inférieure extérieure du fond de regard est munie de creux servant de nervures de renforcement.The main object of the present invention is therefore to remedy this drawback and, to do this, it relates to a manhole of the aforementioned type which is essentially characterized in that the lower external wall of the manhole is provided with recesses serving as ribs reinforcement.

De préférence, ces creux sont de forme tronconique et le sommet des creux fait partie intégrante de la paroi inférieure intérieure du fond de regard.Preferably, these recesses are of frustoconical shape and the top of the recesses is an integral part of the inner bottom wall of the manhole.

Ainsi, les deux parois inférieures du fond restent parfaitement écartées l'une de l'autre en ménageant un espace dans lequel on peut introduire le béton sans aucune difficulté.Thus, the two bottom bottom walls remain perfectly spaced from each other, providing a space in which the concrete can be introduced without any difficulty.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, le fond de regard a une section circulaire.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the manhole bottom has a circular section.

Quant aux rehausses, elles sont réalisées en matière plastique avec une double paroi circulaire correspondant à la double paroi du fond et une lèvre inférieure destinée à venir s'emboîter à l'intérieur de la paroi latérale intérieure de l'élément situé immédiatement en dessous.As for the extensions, they are made of plastic with a double circular wall corresponding to the double wall of the bottom and a lower lip intended to come to fit inside the inner side wall of the element located immediately below.

De préférence, un joint plat, rond ou ovale en élastomère est inséré dans le plan de joint entre la rehausse et l'élément situé immédiatement en dessous.Preferably, a flat, round or oval elastomer seal is inserted in the plane of the joint between the riser and the element located immediately below.

Le cas échéant, les rehausses comportent des ouvertures latérales pour y raccorder des entrées de fluide supplémentaires.If necessary, the extensions have lateral openings for connecting additional fluid inlets.

Une forme d'exécution de l'invention est décrite ci-après à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un fond de regard conforme à l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de ce fond de regard;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 2;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus d'une rehausse conforme à l'invention; et,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5;
An embodiment of the invention is described below by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a manhole bottom according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of this manhole;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a top view of an extension according to the invention; and,
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view along line VI-VI of Figure 5;

Le fond de regard représenté sur les figures 1 à 4 est réalisé d'une seule pièce en matière plastique, par exemple du polyéthylène, par rotomoulage ou autre. Il est constitué d'un corps 1 de section cylindrique à double paroi, ouvert à sa partie supérieure, et comporte ainsi une double paroi latérale 2-3 et une double paroi inférieure 4-5.The manhole shown in Figures 1 to 4 is made in one piece of plastic, for example polyethylene, by rotational molding or the like. It consists of a body 1 of cylindrical double-walled section, open at its upper part, and thus comprises a double side wall 2-3 and a double lower wall 4-5.

Dans la double paroi latérale 2-3 sont ménagées des ouvertures circulaires 6 en forme de manchons pour y raccorder des tuyaux d'entrée ou de sortie de fluide, l'étanchéité étant assurée par un joint annulaire venant se loger dans une gorge 7 prévue à cet effet dans le manchon. Dans l'exemple de réalisation particulier décrit ici, on a prévu quatre ouvertures de grand diamètre et deux plus petites qui sont situées à un niveau supérieur, comme illustré sur la figure 3. De façon connue en soi, toutes ces ouvertures 6 sont normalement obturées du côté intérieur par un voile de matière 8 qu'il sera facile de découper sur le chantier en fonction des embranchements à réaliser.In the double side wall 2-3, circular openings 6 are provided in the form of sleeves for connecting fluid inlet or outlet pipes, the sealing being ensured by an annular seal which is received in a groove 7 provided at this effect in the sleeve. In the particular embodiment described here, four large diameter and two smaller openings are provided which are located at a higher level, as illustrated in FIG. 3. In a manner known per se, all these openings 6 are normally closed. on the inside by a veil of material 8 which will be easy to cut on the site depending on the branch lines to be made.

Par ailleurs, la double paroi latérale 2-3 est munie dans sa partie supérieure d'un certain nombre de nervures 9 formant entretoises et qui assurent ainsi la rigidité de cette paroi sans l'obturer complètement.Furthermore, the double side wall 2-3 is provided in its upper part with a number of ribs 9 forming spacers and which thus ensure the rigidity of this wall without completely sealing it.

Conformément à la présente invention, la rigidité de la double paroi inférieure 4-5 est assurée par des creux 10 ménagés dans la paroi extérieure 4 et qui forment de nervures de renforcement. Dans l'exemple particulier décrit ici, ces creux sont de forme tronconique et ils sont situés au niveau des passages de fluide, c'est-à-dire dans les parties les plus basses. De plus, le sommet desdits creux tronconiques fait ici partie intégrante de la paroi intérieure 5. Toutefois, lesdits sommets pourraient également prendre simplement appui contre la paroi intérieure sous l'influence de la pression de la terre environnante.According to the present invention, the rigidity of the lower double wall 4-5 is ensured by recesses 10 formed in the outer wall 4 and which form reinforcing ribs. In the particular example described here, these recesses are of frustoconical shape and they are located at the level of the fluid passages, that is to say in the lowest parts. In addition, the top of said frustoconical recesses here forms an integral part of the interior wall 5. However, said tops could also simply bear against the interior wall under the influence of the pressure of the surrounding earth.

Le fond de regard qui vient d'être décrit est associé à une ou plusieurs rehausses telles que celle représentée en 11 sur les figures 5 et 6, afin de former un regard complet. Cette rehausse est essentiellement constituée d'un corps cylindrique en matière plastique ouvert aux deux extrémités et comporte également une double paroi latérale 12-13 correspondant à la double paroi latérale 2-3 du fond de regard 1. Elle est munie en partie basse d'une lèvre intérieure 14 destinée à venir s'emboîter dans la paroi latérale intérieure de l'élément inférieur constitué, soit par le fond de regard, soit par une autre rehausse.The manhole cover which has just been described is associated with one or more extensions such as that shown at 11 in FIGS. 5 and 6, in order to form a complete manhole. This extension essentially consists of a cylindrical plastic body open at both ends and has also a double side wall 12-13 corresponding to the double side wall 2-3 of the manhole bottom 1. It is provided in the lower part with an inner lip 14 intended to be fitted into the inner side wall of the element lower formed, either by the back cover, or by another enhancement.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation particulier décrit ici, la rehausse est également pourvue de trois ouvertures 16, analogues aux ouvertures 6 du fond de regard 1, avec une gorge 17 pour le joint d'étanchéité et un voile de matière 18 obturant normalement l'ouverture du côté intérieur. Par ailleurs, cette rehausse est également munie, à la fois en partie haute et en partie basse, de nervures 19 formant entretoises, qui assurent la rigidité de la double paroi latérale 12-13.In the particular embodiment described here, the extension is also provided with three openings 16, similar to the openings 6 in the manhole 1, with a groove 17 for the seal and a web of material 18 normally closing off the opening from the inside. Furthermore, this extension is also provided, both at the top and at the bottom, with ribs 19 forming spacers, which ensure the rigidity of the double side wall 12-13.

La mise en place du regard conforme à l'invention s'effectue de la manière suivante:The installation of the manhole according to the invention is carried out as follows:

On pose d'abord le fond 1 et on remplit l'espace libre entre les parois latérales 2-3 et les parois inférieures 4-5 avec un produit du genre béton afin de le lester et d'augmenter sa rigidité. Grâce aux nervures tronconiques 10 prévues à cet effet, la double paroi inférieure 4-5 ne risque pas de s'affaiser et se trouve ainsi parfaitement remplie.First placing the bottom 1 and filling the free space between the side walls 2-3 and the bottom walls 4-5 with a product of the concrete type in order to ballast and increase its rigidity. Thanks to the frustoconical ribs 10 provided for this purpose, the lower double wall 4-5 is not likely to collapse and is thus perfectly filled.

On réalise ensuite les raccordements nécessaires et on pose par dessus un certain nombre de rehausses telles que 11, jusqu'à atteindre le niveau du sol. La double paroi 12-13 de toutes ces rehausses est également remplie avec du béton, éventuellement armé, l'étanchéité étant assurée par la lèvre intérieure 14 venant en prise dans l'élément inférieur. De préférence, un joint plat, rond ou ovale en élastomère est inséré dans le plan de joint entre les différentes rehausses et également entre le fond et la rehausse située immédiatement au-dessus, afin d'améliorer l'étanchéité entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur du regard et d'éviter les entrées d'eau provenant de la nappe phréatique ou inversement d'éviter que les effluents polluent l'environnement.The necessary connections are then made and a number of risers such as 11 are placed over them until they reach ground level. The double wall 12-13 of all these extensions is also filled with concrete, possibly reinforced, the seal being ensured by the inner lip 14 engaging in the lower element. Preferably, a flat, round or oval elastomer seal is inserted in the joint plane between the different risers and also between the bottom and the riser located immediately above, in order to improve the seal between the outside and the 'inside the manhole and to avoid the entry of water from the groundwater or vice versa to avoid that the effluents pollute the environment.

Il ne reste plus alors qu'à enterrer le regard ainsi constitué, après avoir posé sur l'élément le plus élevé un couvercle amovible réalisé par exemple en béton armé.It then only remains to bury the manhole thus formed, after having placed on the highest element a removable cover made for example of reinforced concrete.

Claims (7)

1. An inspection manhole for fluid transport installations, e.g. a drainage or sewage installation, of the type comprising a doublewalled plastic manhole bottom (1) with side openings (6) for connecting fluid inlets and/or outlets thereto, and at least one or several heightening pieces (11) fitting on the manhole bottom, characterised in that the outer bottom wall (4) of the manhole bottom (1) is provided with hollows (10) forming reinforcing ribs.
2. The inspection manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollows (1) are truncated cone-shaped.
3. The inspection manhole according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the top of the hollows (10) is an integral part of the inner bottom wall (5) of the manhole bottom (1).
4. The inspection manhole according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the manhole bottom (1) has a circular section.
5. The inspection manhole according to claim 4, characterized in that the heightening pieces (11) are made of plastic material with a circular double wall (12-13) corresponding to the double wall (2-3) of the bottom (1) and a bottom lip (14) for fitting into the inner side wall of the element located immediately thereunder.
6. The inspection manhole according to claim 5, characterized in that a fla t, round or oval elastomer joint is inserted into the joint plane between the heightening piece and the element located immediately thereunder.
7. The inspection manhole according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the heightening pieces (11) have side openings (16) for connecting further fluid inlets thereto.
EP88402422A 1987-10-02 1988-09-26 Inspection manhole for fluid transport installations Expired - Lifetime EP0310488B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88402422T ATE62298T1 (en) 1987-10-02 1988-09-26 CLEANING OPENING FOR EQUIPMENT FOR TRANSPORTING LIQUIDS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8713652 1987-10-02
FR8713652A FR2621339B1 (en) 1987-10-02 1987-10-02 LOOK FOR FLUID TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0310488A1 EP0310488A1 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0310488B1 true EP0310488B1 (en) 1991-04-03

Family

ID=9355469

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88402422A Expired - Lifetime EP0310488B1 (en) 1987-10-02 1988-09-26 Inspection manhole for fluid transport installations

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0310488B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE62298T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3862277D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2022670B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2621339B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3001772T3 (en)
IE (1) IE61027B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4236193A1 (en) * 1992-10-27 1994-04-28 Willi Goebel Underground-drain access shaft - is in plastic annular sections forming double wall filled with free-flowing and hardening material

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DK0641897T3 (en) * 1993-08-13 1997-02-24 Zweva Holding Bv
NL9302180A (en) * 1993-12-14 1995-07-03 H A Prince Beheer Bergen Op Zo Holder of equipment.
DE19834317C2 (en) * 1997-08-28 2000-11-02 Walter Jens Process for the rehabilitation of the bottom of sewage shafts
US6195944B1 (en) * 1998-06-02 2001-03-06 Valley Industries Limited Liner
DE102006038664B4 (en) * 2006-08-17 2023-04-20 Funke Kunststoffe Gmbh manhole base
US9565919B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2017-02-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Antiperspirant compositions and methods for making same
US8187578B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2012-05-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Antiperspirant compositions and methods for making same
NL1036127C (en) * 2008-10-29 2010-05-03 Wavin Bv PLASTIC PUT WITH A WALL-WALLED EXTERIOR WALL, AND ANOTHER COMPOSITION FOR MANUFACTURING THEM.
BRPI0920768A2 (en) * 2008-10-29 2015-12-22 Wavin Bv method and assembly of the mold for rotational casting of a pipe part with an end of the spike as well as the pipe part obtained therewith
WO2013113723A1 (en) 2012-01-31 2013-08-08 Unilever Plc Dual-walled dispenser

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NL145308B (en) * 1965-01-29 1975-03-17 W J Van De Kerke En Zoon Nv INSPECTION SOCKET FOR A SEWERING PLANT.
GB1363302A (en) * 1972-10-13 1974-08-14 Hepworth Iron Co Ltd Manholes
DE2546800A1 (en) * 1975-10-18 1977-04-21 Geb Rexin Elisabeth Jochum Stacked entry shaft for sewage system - has sections of asbestos cement with annular space filled with concrete
GB1568364A (en) * 1976-10-28 1980-05-29 Lumb D Kit on parts for use in the construction of an inspection chamber
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DE8608182U1 (en) * 1986-03-25 1986-07-03 Buchgraber, Franz, Ing., Wien Control shaft for sewer pipe

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4236193A1 (en) * 1992-10-27 1994-04-28 Willi Goebel Underground-drain access shaft - is in plastic annular sections forming double wall filled with free-flowing and hardening material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2621339A1 (en) 1989-04-07
GR3001772T3 (en) 1992-11-23
ATE62298T1 (en) 1991-04-15
EP0310488A1 (en) 1989-04-05
FR2621339B1 (en) 1992-07-24
DE3862277D1 (en) 1991-05-08
ES2022670B3 (en) 1991-12-01
IE61027B1 (en) 1994-09-07
IE882911L (en) 1989-04-02

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