EP0307415B1 - Cavity floor - Google Patents

Cavity floor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0307415B1
EP0307415B1 EP87905432A EP87905432A EP0307415B1 EP 0307415 B1 EP0307415 B1 EP 0307415B1 EP 87905432 A EP87905432 A EP 87905432A EP 87905432 A EP87905432 A EP 87905432A EP 0307415 B1 EP0307415 B1 EP 0307415B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support feet
cavity floor
ribs
floor according
floor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87905432A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0307415A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Thiel
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Schmidt Reuter Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH and Co KG
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Schmidt Reuter Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH and Co KG
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Priority to AT87905432T priority Critical patent/ATE65280T1/en
Publication of EP0307415A1 publication Critical patent/EP0307415A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
    • E04F15/02405—Floor panels
    • E04F15/02417—Floor panels made of box-like elements
    • E04F15/02423—Floor panels made of box-like elements filled with core material
    • E04F15/02429—Floor panels made of box-like elements filled with core material the core material hardening after application
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
    • F24D5/10—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with hot air led through heat-exchange ducts in the walls, floor or ceiling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24669—Aligned or parallel nonplanarities
    • Y10T428/24678—Waffle-form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y10T428/24818—Knitted, with particular or differential bond sites or intersections

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cavity floor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Raised floors are known with a profiled floor film, which is placed with its support feet on the subfloor or on an insulation layer and forms a formwork for the screed material to be applied, from which the top floor is made EP-A-0 057 372. Below the floor film is formed the trusses around a cavity, which for laying cables, hoses and the like. and can be used as a warm air room for underfloor heating.
  • the well-known floor film consists of a flexible, soft plastic material that cannot be walked on.
  • the screed is applied to the flooring film as a thin, liquid screed and is evenly distributed. The feet adapt to any unevenness in the sub-floor.
  • This flooring film has the disadvantage that it cannot be walked on because of its low load-bearing capacity and therefore does not allow the liquid screed material to be smoothed out manually.
  • the support film In another known cavity floor (WO-A-8602120), the support film consists of square fields which taper in the support feet, but whose square structure is retained in the support feet. The fields run at right angles and parallel to one another, so that a grid of webs crossing at right angles remains between the fields.
  • the support feet each have a lower truncated pyramid and an adjoining upper truncated pyramid with different apex angles. Both truncated pyramids are separated from each other by a horizontal crease line.
  • the upper truncated pyramids have ribs that bulge outwards.
  • the support film In the known cavity floor, the support film is only stiffened by the ribs so that it can withstand the weight of the screed mass.
  • the ribs only have the function of reinforcing the laterally protruding upper truncated pyramid so that it has approximately the same load-bearing capacity as the unreinforced lower truncated pyramid.
  • Such a support sheet the thickness of which is less than 1 mm, has no load-bearing capacity which allows people to walk on the support sheet before the screed is filled.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cavity floor of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, the film is accessible before applying the screed and yet adapts to any unevenness in the sub-floor and can be filled with screed-like consistency.
  • the horizontal areas of the floor film between the support feet are soft and flexible, while the support feet themselves are so stiff on the one hand due to the material thickness and on the other hand through their profiling that they have a high degree of load-bearing capacity.
  • the floor film is therefore flexible in the deformation areas, while the support feet are stiffened by ribs so that they can be called rigid both in the vertical direction and against lateral forces.
  • the rigid deformation feet are immediately followed by the horizontal deformation area, so that the film can deform freely in the entire distance between two support feet and adapt to the local conditions.
  • the base feet of the floor film form non-deformable blocks, while the upper deformation area is flexible.
  • the feet are of such a shape and size that a foot cannot sink into them, i.e. the diameter of their inner circle at the open end should be less than 75 mm. Furthermore, due to their shape and the shape of the ribs and the steepness of their lateral surface, the support feet have such a high internal stiffness that deformations are neither possible under the weight of a person nor by lateral pressure.
  • a high dimensional stability of the support feet can be achieved in that the edge of a support foot at the open end has no straight sections that are longer than 20 mm, and preferably none at all rectilinear sections.
  • the forces from the horizontal upper area of the floor foil are introduced without deformation into the outer surface and into the ribs via curved folding lines. At the lower ends of the ribs there are at most short horizontal straight crease lines.
  • the flooring film has a low weight, is easy to cut due to the large area of the horizontal deformation areas and enables quick and easy installation and adaptation to the building floor plan.
  • a particular advantage is that the floor covering can be walked on without a load-distributing cover.
  • the wall thickness of the support feet is at least about 1 mm and at most about 2 mm, preferably at most about 1.2 mm. This wall thickness is dimensioned on the one hand so that the floor film has a high load-bearing capacity in the vertical direction on the support feet, taking into account the stiffening shape, but on the other hand so thin that adjacent film plates or film strips can be placed on top of one another at their edges without steps in the screed layer arise.
  • edges of foil plates or foil strips can be placed loosely on one another without the need for gluing or sealing between them.
  • the screed applied in a pulp-like consistency does not penetrate between the loose edge areas.
  • support feet can also be placed in one another in the overlap regions without significant height deviations of the top of the film-like formwork.
  • the low wall thickness of the film material is that when the floor cavity is used for the distribution of heating air, the top floor has a low thermal conductivity, so that the heat from the heating air is well transferred to the top floor and is radiated or derived therefrom.
  • the wall thickness of the film should therefore be as small as possible. The lower limit of this wall thickness is determined by the mechanical strength and load capacity.
  • the ribs form inwardly directed channels. These channels increase the section modulus or the rigidity of the support feet, they reduce the volume of the support feet and thereby also the amount of screed required for filling, they cause turbulence if the floor cavity is used for the distribution of heating air and increase the surface area by one to achieve better heat transfer from the warm air to the screed.
  • At least five ribs are preferably distributed over the circumference of the support feet.
  • the floor film according to the invention is preferably supplied in plate form, which is always a film web of a defined width and limited length.
  • the floor film according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of plastic material of uniform thickness, which is at least about 1 mm and at most 2 mm, preferably at most about 1.2 mm.
  • the film has a web or plate-shaped flat area 10, from which the support feet 11 are formed by deep drawing.
  • the support feet 11 generally have a frustoconical shape and a circular horizontal cross section, with inwardly frustum-shaped channel-shaped ribs 13 being formed in the frustoconical surface 12, which are round and have an approximately semicircular cross section.
  • the support feet extend from the horizontal region 10 with a constant cross-section to the bottom surface 14.
  • the ribs 13 form longitudinal channels, which (in a view from below according to FIG.
  • ribs 13 are star-shaped to the upper end of the support foot 11 extend.
  • the ends of the inwardly directed ribs 13 are filled at the top by the material of the region 10 and open towards the bottom, so that the bottom surface 14 has approximately the shape of a gear wheel.
  • six ribs 13 are arranged at regular intervals around the circumference of the supporting foot 11.
  • the diameter of the circumferential circle of a support foot 11 on the lower closed end face of the support foot is designated D c .
  • This circumferential circle is the circle that envelops all contours of the end face.
  • the diameter of the inner circle of the support foot at the open end is designated D o .
  • the circles with the diameters D c and D o lie on a cone jacket, the cone angle " ⁇ " of which is relatively small and is a maximum of 50 °, preferably a maximum of 40 °.
  • the support feet 11 are arranged at the crossing points of a network of intersecting lines, so that they form longitudinal and transverse rows.
  • the distance a between the open ends of neighboring feet is nowhere greater than 75 mm.
  • the adjacent support feet include both the support feet arranged in the same rectangular rows as the support foot in question and the support feet arranged in a diagonal row with the support foot in question.
  • the distance a refers to two supporting feet in a diagonal row.
  • This distance a is at least equal to the diameter D o of the inner circle on the open support foot, so that the deformation areas 10 have a surface area that is large enough to allow deformations of these deformation areas to adjust the height of the support feet to an uneven sub-floor.
  • the distance a must not exceed 75 mm, because otherwise there is a risk that a person walking on the floor foil can sink between two support feet.
  • the width of an adult's heel is about 80 mm. Such a heel cannot sink into the supporting foot 11.
  • a thermal insulation layer 17 is arranged on the sub-floor 16, for example a raw concrete ceiling, and the floor film 15 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the screed 18 is applied to the floor film 15 to form the top floor. This screed fills the support feet 13 completely and forms a continuous layer over the horizontal area 10.
  • the floor film 15 previously placed loosely on the thermal insulation layer 17 can be walked on without load-distributing aids.
  • the floor film can also be reversed, i.e. can be used with the support feet pointing upwards. It is also not necessary to use the floor film as formwork for a screed material, but the floor film can be used as a load-bearing element of a cavity floor, with a load-distributing layer being arranged over it.
  • the stiffening of the support feet 11 can also be achieved by means of ribs which are directed outwards, but this results in a greater material requirement for screed and a lower load-bearing capacity.
  • each support foot 11 has outwardly directed ribs 13, which in turn are reinforced by narrower ribs 20, which are also directed outwards.
  • Each support foot 11 has four radial ribs 13, which are arranged in a cross shape and extend over the entire height of the support foot. The radial width of the ribs 13 increases from the end wall 14 towards the open end.
  • the horizontal fold line 21, in which the lateral surface 12 of the support foot merges into the horizontal surface 10, has an arc-shaped concave region 21a in the area between two support feet 13 - with respect to the central axis of the support foot - and an arcuate-convex area 21b on the support feet 13. The arcuate areas 21a and 21b smoothly merge.
  • the horizontal fold line 21 has no straight sections, the ability to transfer load from the region 10 to the support foot 11 is improved and the stability of the support feet is increased.
  • the circumferential circle 22 of the support foot, on its end face 14 has the diameter D c and the inner circle 23 of the support foot at the open end has the diameter D o .
  • the imaginary circles 22 and 23 lie on an (imaginary) cone jacket, the cone angle of which is denoted by ⁇ .
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 is the maximum distance a of adjacent support feet at no point greater than 75 mm and further at no point smaller than the diameter D c of the circumferential circle 22 of the end face 14. This ensures that a shoe heel in area 10 cannot collapse that but on the other hand the flat area 10 can perform its function as a deformation area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

The cavity floor comprises a thin profiled sheet (15), filled and covered with a screed and provided with truncated-cone support feet (11), which are arranged at similar intervals and are separated from one another by horizontal distorsion regions (10). These support feet (11) are provided, over their entire height, with inwardly-facing ribs (13), and the thickness of their material is such that they can be walked upon. The thin sheet (15) adapts to the uneven parts of the underlying floor, but can withstand the weight of a person, thereby facilitating the spreading and distribution of the floor screed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hohlraumboden nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a cavity floor according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bekannt sind Hohlraumböden mit einer profilierten Fußbodenfolie, die mit ihren Tragfüßen auf den Unterboden bzw. auf eine Dämmschicht gestellt wird und eine Schalung für das aufzubringende Estrichmaterial bildet, aus dem der Oberboden hergestellt wird EP-A-0 057 372. Unterhalb der Fußbodenfolie entsteht um die Tragüße herum ein Hohlraum, der zum Verlegen von Kabeln, Schläuchen u.dgl. und als Warmluftraum für eine Fußbodenheizung benutzt werden kann. Die bekannte Fußbodenfolie besteht aus einem biegsamen weichen Kunststoffmaterial, das nicht begehbar ist. Der Estrich wird als dünnflüssiger Fließestrich auf die Fußbodenfolie aufgegeben und verteilt sich gleichmäßig. Dabei passen sich die Tragfüße etwaigen Unebenheiten des Unterbodens an. Diese Fußbodenfolie hat den Nachteil, daß sie wegen ihrer geringem Tragfähigkeit nicht begehbar ist und somit auch ein manuelles Glattstreichen des flüssigen Estrichmaterials nicht ermöglicht.Raised floors are known with a profiled floor film, which is placed with its support feet on the subfloor or on an insulation layer and forms a formwork for the screed material to be applied, from which the top floor is made EP-A-0 057 372. Below the floor film is formed the trusses around a cavity, which for laying cables, hoses and the like. and can be used as a warm air room for underfloor heating. The well-known floor film consists of a flexible, soft plastic material that cannot be walked on. The screed is applied to the flooring film as a thin, liquid screed and is evenly distributed. The feet adapt to any unevenness in the sub-floor. This flooring film has the disadvantage that it cannot be walked on because of its low load-bearing capacity and therefore does not allow the liquid screed material to be smoothed out manually.

Bekannt sind ferner Fußbodenplatten aus dickwandigem starren Material, das eine hohe Tragfähigkeit und Festigkeit hat und somit begehbar ist, das aber einen selbsttätigen Ausgleich etwaiger Unebenheiten des Unterbodens nicht ermöglicht. Nachteilig ist ferner der hohe Materialverbrauch und das hohe Eigengewicht der starren Formplatten. Das Zuschneiden der Formplatten ist schwierig (GB-PS 996 807).Also known are floor panels made of thick-walled rigid material, which has a high load-bearing capacity and strength and can therefore be walked on, but which does not allow automatic compensation of any unevenness in the sub-floor. Another disadvantage is the high material consumption and the high weight of the rigid mold plates. Cutting the mold plates is difficult (GB-PS 996 807).

Bei einem weiteren bekannten Hohlraumboden (WO-A-8602120) besteht die Stützfolie aus quadratischen Feldern, die sich in den Tragfüßen verjüngen, deren quadratische Struktur in den Tragfüßen aber erhalten bleibt. Die Felder verlaufen rechtwinklig und parallel zueinander, so daß zwischen den Feldern ein Raster aus sich rechtwinklig kreuzenden Stegen stehenbleibt. Die Tragfüße haben jeweils einen unteren Pyramidenstumpf und einen sich daran anschließenden oberen Pyramidenstumpf mit unterschiedlichen Scheitelwinkeln. Beide Pyramidenstümpfe sind durch eine horizontale Knicklinie voneinander getrennt. Die oberen Pyramidenstümpfe weisen nach außen ausgebauchte Rippen auf. Bei dem bekannten Hohlraumboden wird die Stützfolie durch die Rippen nur so versteift, daß sie dem Gewicht der Estrichmasse standhalten kann. Die Rippen haben lediglich die Funktion, den seitlich weit ausladenden oberen Pyramidenstumpf so zu verstärken, daß er etwa dieselbe Tragfähigkeit hat wie der unverstärkte untere Pyramidenstumpf. Eine solche Stützfolie, deren Stärke kleiner ist als 1 mm, hat keine Tragfähigkeit, die es erlaubt, daß Personen auf der Stützfolie gehen, bevor der Estrich eingefüllt ist.In another known cavity floor (WO-A-8602120), the support film consists of square fields which taper in the support feet, but whose square structure is retained in the support feet. The fields run at right angles and parallel to one another, so that a grid of webs crossing at right angles remains between the fields. The support feet each have a lower truncated pyramid and an adjoining upper truncated pyramid with different apex angles. Both truncated pyramids are separated from each other by a horizontal crease line. The upper truncated pyramids have ribs that bulge outwards. In the known cavity floor, the support film is only stiffened by the ribs so that it can withstand the weight of the screed mass. The ribs only have the function of reinforcing the laterally protruding upper truncated pyramid so that it has approximately the same load-bearing capacity as the unreinforced lower truncated pyramid. Such a support sheet, the thickness of which is less than 1 mm, has no load-bearing capacity which allows people to walk on the support sheet before the screed is filled.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hohlraumboden der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art zu schaffen, dessen Folie vor dem Aufbringen des Estrichs begehbar ist und sich dennoch etwaigen Unebenheiten des Unterbodens anpaßt und mit Estrich breiartiger Konsistenz verfüllbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a cavity floor of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, the film is accessible before applying the screed and yet adapts to any unevenness in the sub-floor and can be filled with screed-like consistency.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hohlraumboden sind die horizontalen Bereiche der Fußbodenfolie zwischen den Tragfüßen weich und flexibel, während die Tragfüße selbst einerseits durch die Materialstärke und andererseits durch ihre Profilierung so steif sind, daß sie ein hohes Maß an Tragfähigkeit haben. Die Fußbodenfolie ist also in den Verformungsbereichen nachgiebig, während die Tragfüße durch Rippen so versteift sind, daß sie sowohl in vertikaler Richtung als auch gegen seitliche Kräfte als starr bezeichnet werden können. An die starren Tragfüße schließt sich unmittelbar der horizontale Verformungsbereich an, so daß die Folie sich in dem gesamten Abstand zwischen zwei Tragfüßen ungehindert verformen und an die örtlichen Gegebenheiten anpassen kann. Die Tragfüße der Fußbodenfolie bilden unverformbare Klötze, während der obere Verformungsbereich flexibel ist. Die Tragfüße haben eine solche Form und Größe, daß ein Fuß darin nicht einsinken kann, d.h. der Durchmesser ihres Innenkreises am offenen Ende sollte kleiner sein als 75 mm. Ferner haben die Tragfüße durch ihre Formgebung und die Anformung der Rippen und die Steilheit ihrer Mantelfläche eine so hohe innere Steifigkeit, daß Verformungen weder unter dem Gewicht einer Person noch durch seitliches Eindrücken möglich sind.In the cavity floor according to the invention, the horizontal areas of the floor film between the support feet are soft and flexible, while the support feet themselves are so stiff on the one hand due to the material thickness and on the other hand through their profiling that they have a high degree of load-bearing capacity. The floor film is therefore flexible in the deformation areas, while the support feet are stiffened by ribs so that they can be called rigid both in the vertical direction and against lateral forces. The rigid deformation feet are immediately followed by the horizontal deformation area, so that the film can deform freely in the entire distance between two support feet and adapt to the local conditions. The base feet of the floor film form non-deformable blocks, while the upper deformation area is flexible. The feet are of such a shape and size that a foot cannot sink into them, i.e. the diameter of their inner circle at the open end should be less than 75 mm. Furthermore, due to their shape and the shape of the ribs and the steepness of their lateral surface, the support feet have such a high internal stiffness that deformations are neither possible under the weight of a person nor by lateral pressure.

Eine hohe Formstabilität der Tragfüße kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß der Rand eines Tragfußes an dessen offenen Ende keine geradlinigen Abschnitte hat, die länger sind als 20 mm, und vorzugsweise überhaupt keine geradlinigen Abschnitte. Dadurch ergeben sich an den oberen und unteren Enden der Tragfüße nur kurze oder überhaupt keine geraden, sondern bogenförmige Knicklinien in den Bereichen, in denen die Mantelfläche in den Verformungsbereich übergeht. Über bogenförmige Knicklinien werden die Kräfte aus dem horizontalen oberen Bereich der Fußbodenfolie verformungsfrei in die Mantelfläche und in die Rippen eingeleitet. Auch an den unteren Enden der Rippen ergeben sich allenfalls kurze horizontale gerade Knicklinien.A high dimensional stability of the support feet can be achieved in that the edge of a support foot at the open end has no straight sections that are longer than 20 mm, and preferably none at all rectilinear sections. As a result, there are only short or no straight, but rather arc-shaped crease lines at the upper and lower ends of the support feet in the areas in which the lateral surface merges into the deformation area. The forces from the horizontal upper area of the floor foil are introduced without deformation into the outer surface and into the ribs via curved folding lines. At the lower ends of the ribs there are at most short horizontal straight crease lines.

Die Fußbodenfolie hat ein geringes Eigengewicht, ist wegen des großen Flächenanteils der horizontalen Verformungsbereiche leicht schneidbar und ermöglicht eine schnelle und einfache Verlegung und Anpassung an den Gebäudegrundriß.The flooring film has a low weight, is easy to cut due to the large area of the horizontal deformation areas and enables quick and easy installation and adaptation to the building floor plan.

Ein besonderer Vorteil besteht darin, daß die Fußbodenfolie ohne lastverteilende Überdeckung begangen werden kann.A particular advantage is that the floor covering can be walked on without a load-distributing cover.

Die Wandstärke der Tragfüße beträgt mindestens etwa 1 mm und höchsten etwa 2 mm, vorzugsweise höchstens etwa 1,2 mm. Diese Wandstärke ist einerseits so bemessen, daß die Fußbodenfolie unter Berücksichtigung der versteifenden Formgebung eine hohe Tragfähigkeit in vertikaler Richtung an den Tragfüßen hat, andererseits aber auch so dünn, daß benachbarte Folienplatten oder Folienstreifen an ihren Rändern übereinandergelegt werden können, ohne daß in der Estrichschicht Stufen entstehen.The wall thickness of the support feet is at least about 1 mm and at most about 2 mm, preferably at most about 1.2 mm. This wall thickness is dimensioned on the one hand so that the floor film has a high load-bearing capacity in the vertical direction on the support feet, taking into account the stiffening shape, but on the other hand so thin that adjacent film plates or film strips can be placed on top of one another at their edges without steps in the screed layer arise.

Die Ränder von Folienplatten oder Folienstreifen können lose aufeinandergelegt werden, ohne daß eine Verklebung oder Abdichtung zwischen ihnen erforderlich ist. Der in breiartiger Konsistenz aufgebrachte Estrich dringt nicht zwischen die lose aufeinanderliegenden Randbereiche ein. Infolge der relativ geringen Wandstärke des Folienmaterials können in den Überlappungsbereichen auch Tragfüße ineinandergesetzt werden, ohne daß es zu wesentlichen Höhenabweichungen der Oberseite der folienartigen Schalung kommt.The edges of foil plates or foil strips can be placed loosely on one another without the need for gluing or sealing between them. The screed applied in a pulp-like consistency does not penetrate between the loose edge areas. As a result of the relatively small wall thickness of the film material, support feet can also be placed in one another in the overlap regions without significant height deviations of the top of the film-like formwork.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der geringen Wandstärke des Folienmaterials besteht darin, daß bei Benutzung des Bodenhohlraums für die Verteilung von Heizungsluft der Oberboden einen geringen Wärmeleitwiderstand hat, so daß die Wärme der Heizungsluft gut auf den Oberboden übertragen und von diesem abgestrahlt oder abgeleitet wird. Die Wandstärke der Folie sollte daher so gering wie möglich sein. Die untere Grenze dieser Wandstärke wird durch die mechanische Festigkeit und Tragfähigkeit bestimmt.Another advantage of the low wall thickness of the film material is that when the floor cavity is used for the distribution of heating air, the top floor has a low thermal conductivity, so that the heat from the heating air is well transferred to the top floor and is radiated or derived therefrom. The wall thickness of the film should therefore be as small as possible. The lower limit of this wall thickness is determined by the mechanical strength and load capacity.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung bilden die Rippen nach innen gerichtete Kanäle. Diese Kanäle erhöhen das Widerstandsmoment bzw. die Steifigkeit der Tragfüße, sie verringern das Volumen der Tragfüße und dadurch auch die zur Auffüllung benötigte Estrichmenge, sie rufen, falls der Bodenhohlraum für die Verteilung von Heizungsluft benutzt wird, Verwirbelungen hervor und vergrößern die Oberfläche, um einen besseren Wärmeübergang von der Warmluft zum Estrich zu erzielen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ribs form inwardly directed channels. These channels increase the section modulus or the rigidity of the support feet, they reduce the volume of the support feet and thereby also the amount of screed required for filling, they cause turbulence if the floor cavity is used for the distribution of heating air and increase the surface area by one to achieve better heat transfer from the warm air to the screed.

Vorzugsweise sind mindestens fünf Rippen über den Umfang der Tragfüße verteilt angeordnet.At least five ribs are preferably distributed over the circumference of the support feet.

Die erfindungsgemäße Fußbodenfolie wird vorzugsweise in Plattenform geliefert, wobei es sich stets um eine Folienbahn von definierter Breite und begrenzter Länge handelt.The floor film according to the invention is preferably supplied in plate form, which is always a film web of a defined width and limited length.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht der Fußbodenfolie, teilweise geschnitten,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht der Fußbodenfolie von unten,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch ein ' Ausführungsbeispiel eines unter Verwendung der Fußbodenfolie hergestellten Hohlraumbodens,
Fig. 4
einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform der Fußbodenfolie entlang der Linie IV-IV von Fig. 5 und
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht der Fußbodenfolie von Fig. 4.

Show it:
Fig. 1
a side view of the floor film, partially cut,
Fig. 2
a view of the floor film from below,
Fig. 3
3 shows a cross section through an exemplary embodiment of a cavity floor produced using the floor film,
Fig. 4
a vertical section through a second embodiment of the floor film along the line IV-IV of Fig. 5 and
Fig. 5
4 shows a top view of the floor film from FIG. 4.

Die Fußbodenfolie nach Fign. 1 und 2 besteht aus Kunststoffmaterial von gleichmäßiger Stärke, die mindestens etwa 1 mm und höchstens 2 mm, vorzugsweise höchstens etwa 1,2 mm beträgt. Die Folie weist einen bahn- oder plattenförmigen ebenen Bereich 10 auf, aus dem durch Tiefziehen die Tragfüße 11 ausgeformt sind. Die Tragfüße 11 haben generell kegelstumpfförmige Gestalt und kreisförmigen horizontalen Querschnitt, wobei in der kegelstumpfförmigen Mantelfläche 12 nach innen gerichtete kanalförmige Rippen 13 ausgebildet sind, die rund ausgebildet sind und etwa halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt haben. Die Tragfüße erstrecken sich von dem horizontalen Bereich 10 mit konstantem Querschnitt bis zur Bodenfläche 14. In der Außenfläche des Tragfußes 11 bilden die Rippen 13 längslaufende Kanäle, die sich (in Ansicht von unten gemäß Fig. 2) sternförmig bis zum oberen Ende des Tragfußes 11 erstrecken. Die Enden der nach innen gerichteten Rippen 13 sind oben durch das Material des Bereichs 10 ausgefüllt und nach unten hin offen, so daß die Bodenfläche 14 etwa die Form eines Zahnrades hat. Bei dem vorliegenden Auführungsbeispiel sind sechs Rippen 13 in gleichmäßigen Abständen um den Umfang des Tragfußes 11 angeordnet.The floor film according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of plastic material of uniform thickness, which is at least about 1 mm and at most 2 mm, preferably at most about 1.2 mm. The film has a web or plate-shaped flat area 10, from which the support feet 11 are formed by deep drawing. The support feet 11 generally have a frustoconical shape and a circular horizontal cross section, with inwardly frustum-shaped channel-shaped ribs 13 being formed in the frustoconical surface 12, which are round and have an approximately semicircular cross section. The support feet extend from the horizontal region 10 with a constant cross-section to the bottom surface 14. In the outer surface of the support foot 11, the ribs 13 form longitudinal channels, which (in a view from below according to FIG. 2) are star-shaped to the upper end of the support foot 11 extend. The ends of the inwardly directed ribs 13 are filled at the top by the material of the region 10 and open towards the bottom, so that the bottom surface 14 has approximately the shape of a gear wheel. In the present exemplary embodiment, six ribs 13 are arranged at regular intervals around the circumference of the supporting foot 11.

Der Durchmesser des Umfangskreises eines Tragfußes 11 an der unteren geschlossenen Stirnfläche des Tragfußes ist mit Dc bezeichnet. Dieser Umtangskreis ist derjenige Kreis, der sämtliche Konturen der Stirnfläche umhüllt. Der Durchmesser des Innenkreises des Tragfußes am offenen Ende ist mit Do bezeichnet. Die Kreise mit den Durchmessern Dc und Do liegen auf einem Kegelmantel, dessen Kegelwinkel "α" relativ klein ist und maximal 50°, vorzugsweise maximal 40°, beträgt.The diameter of the circumferential circle of a support foot 11 on the lower closed end face of the support foot is designated D c . This circumferential circle is the circle that envelops all contours of the end face. The diameter of the inner circle of the support foot at the open end is designated D o . The circles with the diameters D c and D o lie on a cone jacket, the cone angle "α" of which is relatively small and is a maximum of 50 °, preferably a maximum of 40 °.

Wie aus Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, sind die Tragfüße 11 an den Kreuzungsstellen eines Netzes aus sich rechtwinklig schneidenden Linien angeordnet, so daß sie längslaufende und querlaufende Reihen bilden.As can be seen from Fig. 2, the support feet 11 are arranged at the crossing points of a network of intersecting lines, so that they form longitudinal and transverse rows.

Der Abstand a zwischen den offenen Enden benachbarter Trafüße ist an keiner Stelle größer als 75 mm. Zu den benachbarten Tragfüßen gehören sowohl die im Rastermaß der Tragfüße in denselben rechtwinklingen Reihen wie der betreffende Tragfuß angeordneten Tragfüße als auch die mit dem betreffenden Tragfuß in einer diagonalen Reihe angeordneten Tragfüße. Der Abstand a bezieht sich auf zwei in einer diagonalen Reihen benachbarte Tragfüße. Dieser Abstand a ist mindestens gleich dem Durchmesser Do des Innenkreises am offenen Tragfuß, damit die Verformungsbereiche 10 eine Flächenausdehnung haben, die groß genug ist, um Verformungen dieser Verformungsbereiche zur Höhenanpassung der Tragfüße an einen unebenen Unterboden zuzulassen. Andererseits darf der Abstand a das Maß von 75 mm nicht übersteigen, weil sonst die Gefahr besteht, daß eine Person, die auf der Fußbodenfolie geht, zwischen zwei Tragfüßen einsinken kann. Die Breite des Schuhabsätzes einer erwachsenen Person beträgt etwa 80 mm. Ein solcher Schuhabsatz kann nicht in den Tragfuß 11 hinein absinken.The distance a between the open ends of neighboring feet is nowhere greater than 75 mm. The adjacent support feet include both the support feet arranged in the same rectangular rows as the support foot in question and the support feet arranged in a diagonal row with the support foot in question. The distance a refers to two supporting feet in a diagonal row. This distance a is at least equal to the diameter D o of the inner circle on the open support foot, so that the deformation areas 10 have a surface area that is large enough to allow deformations of these deformation areas to adjust the height of the support feet to an uneven sub-floor. On the other hand, the distance a must not exceed 75 mm, because otherwise there is a risk that a person walking on the floor foil can sink between two support feet. The width of an adult's heel is about 80 mm. Such a heel cannot sink into the supporting foot 11.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Hohlraumboden ist auf dem Unterboden 16, z.B. einer Rohbetondecke, eine Wärmedämmschicht 17 angeordnet und auf dieser steht mit nach unten gerichteten Tragfüßen die Fußbodenfolie 15 der Fign. 1 und 2. Auf die Fußbodenfolie 15 ist der Estrich 18 zur Bildung des Oberbodens aufgebracht. Dieser Estrich füllt die Tragfüße 13 vollständig aus und bildet über dem horizontalen Bereich 10 noch eine durchgehende Schicht. Zum Aufbringen des Estrichs 18 kann die zuvor lose auf die Wärmedämmschicht 17 aufgelegte Fußbodenfolie 15 ohne lastverteilende Hilfsmittel begangen werden.In the cavity floor shown in FIG. 3, a thermal insulation layer 17 is arranged on the sub-floor 16, for example a raw concrete ceiling, and the floor film 15 of FIGS. 1 and 2. The screed 18 is applied to the floor film 15 to form the top floor. This screed fills the support feet 13 completely and forms a continuous layer over the horizontal area 10. To apply the screed 18, the floor film 15 previously placed loosely on the thermal insulation layer 17 can be walked on without load-distributing aids.

Die Fußbodenfolie kann auch umgekehrt, d.h. mit nach oben gerichteten Tragfüßen benutzt werden. Es ist auch nicht erforderlich, die Fußbodenfolie als Schalung für ein Estrichmaterial zu benutzen, sondern die Fußbodenfolie kann als tragendes Element eines Hohlraumbodens benutzt werden, wobei über ihr eine lastverteilende Schicht angeordnet wird.The floor film can also be reversed, i.e. can be used with the support feet pointing upwards. It is also not necessary to use the floor film as formwork for a screed material, but the floor film can be used as a load-bearing element of a cavity floor, with a load-distributing layer being arranged over it.

Abweichend von dem oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel kann die Versteifung der Tragfüße 11 auch durch Rippen erreicht werden, die nach außen gerichtet sind, jedoch entsteht hierbei ein größerer Materialbedarf an Estrich und eine weniger hohe Tragfähigkeit.In a departure from the exemplary embodiment described above, the stiffening of the support feet 11 can also be achieved by means of ribs which are directed outwards, but this results in a greater material requirement for screed and a lower load-bearing capacity.

In den Fign. 4 und 5 ist eine Fußbodenfolie mit einer anderen Form der Tragfüße 11 dargestellt. Hierbei hat jeder Tragfuß 11 nach außen gerichtete Rippen 13, die ihrerseits noch durch schmälere Rippen 20, die ebenfalls nach außen gerichtet sind, verstärkt sind. Jeder Tragfuß 11 hat vier radiale Rippen 13, die kreuzförmig angeordnet sind und sich über die gesamte Höhe des Tragfußes erstrecken. Die radiale Breite der Rippen 13 nimmt von der Stirnwand 14 zum offenen Ende hin zu. Die horizontale Knicklinie 21, in der die Mantelfläche 12 des Tragfußes in die horizontale Fläche 10 übergeht, hat im Bereich zwischen zwei Tragfüßen 13 - bezogen auf die Mittelachse des Tragfußes -  einen bogenförmigkonkaven Bereich 21a und an den Tragfüßen 13 einen bogenförmig-konvexen Bereich 21b. Die bogenförmigen Bereiche 21a und 21b gehen glatt ineinander über.In Figs. 4 and 5, a floor film with a different shape of the support feet 11 is shown. Each support foot 11 has outwardly directed ribs 13, which in turn are reinforced by narrower ribs 20, which are also directed outwards. Each support foot 11 has four radial ribs 13, which are arranged in a cross shape and extend over the entire height of the support foot. The radial width of the ribs 13 increases from the end wall 14 towards the open end. The horizontal fold line 21, in which the lateral surface 12 of the support foot merges into the horizontal surface 10, has an arc-shaped concave region 21a in the area between two support feet 13 - with respect to the central axis of the support foot - and an arcuate-convex area 21b on the support feet 13. The arcuate areas 21a and 21b smoothly merge.

Dadurch, daß die horizontale Knicklinie 21 keine geraden Abschnitte hat, wird die Fähigkeit, von dem Bereich 10 Last auf den Tragfuß 11 zu übertragen, verbessert und die Kippsicherheit der Tragfüße erhöht.Because the horizontal fold line 21 has no straight sections, the ability to transfer load from the region 10 to the support foot 11 is improved and the stability of the support feet is increased.

Der Umfangskreis 22 des Tragfußes, an dessen Stirnfläche 14 hat den Durchmesser Dc und der Innenkreis 23 des Tragfußes am offenen Ende hat den Durchmesser Do. Die imaginären Kreise 22 und 23 liegen auf einem (gedachten) Kegelmantel, dessen Kegelwinkel mit α bezeichnet ist.The circumferential circle 22 of the support foot, on its end face 14 has the diameter D c and the inner circle 23 of the support foot at the open end has the diameter D o . The imaginary circles 22 and 23 lie on an (imaginary) cone jacket, the cone angle of which is denoted by α.

Auch bei dem Beispiel der Fign. 4 und 5 ist der maximale Abstand a benachbarter Tragfüße an keiner Stelle größer als 75 mm und ferner an keiner Stelle kleiner als der Durchmesser Dc des Umfangskreises 22 der Stirnfläche 14. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß ein Schuhabsatz im Bereich 10 nicht einbrechen kann, daß aber andererseits der ebene Bereich 10 seine Funktion als Verformungsbereich ausüben kann.In the example of FIGS. 4 and 5 is the maximum distance a of adjacent support feet at no point greater than 75 mm and further at no point smaller than the diameter D c of the circumferential circle 22 of the end face 14. This ensures that a shoe heel in area 10 cannot collapse that but on the other hand the flat area 10 can perform its function as a deformation area.

Claims (10)

1. A cavity floor comprising a profiled foil consisting of a sheet material provided with formed out parts forming support feet (11) that are arranged at mutual distances, the horizontal upper areas (10) constituting deformation areas between said support feet for automatic height adjustment of said support feet when under load, and said support feet (11) comprising ribs (13) that extend in height up to said deformation area (10), and a concrete floor layer that covers said support feet and provides a flat floor surface over said foil, characterised in that said support feet (11) are provided with a lateral surface (12) free of horizontal kink lines, that said ribs (13) extend over the entire height of said lateral surface (12), that the wall thickness of said foil (15) is at least 1 mm and is 2 mm at most and is as great as to make said support feet (11), due, on the one hand, to the material thickness and, on the other hand, to their profiling, rigid and capable of bearing a walking person, whereas said deformation areas are flexible and the peripheral circle (22) at the end surface (14) of a support foot (11) and the inner circle (23) at the open end of said support foot both lie on a conical lateral surface with a maximum top angle (α) of 50°.
2. The cavity floor according to claim 1, characterised in that the wall thickness of the foil is at least 1. 2 mm.
3. The cavity floor according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said ribs (13) form inwardly directed channels.
4. The cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the ribs (13) have a round cross-section.
5. The cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that the ribs (13) have a constant cross-section all along the height of the support feet (11).
6. The cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that top angle (α) of the frustoconical lateral surface (12) is approximately 25°.
7. The cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterised in that the edge (21) at the open end of a support foot (11) has no straight parts longer than 20 mm.
8. The cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that the distance (a) between the open ends of adjacent support feet (11) is nowhere greater than 75 mm.
9. The cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-8, characterised in that the diameter (D) of the inner circle at the open end of a support foot (11) is smaller than 75 mm.
10. A floor foil for making a cavity floor according to any one of claims 1-9.
EP87905432A 1986-07-31 1987-07-29 Cavity floor Expired - Lifetime EP0307415B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87905432T ATE65280T1 (en) 1986-07-31 1987-07-29 CAVITY FLOOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8620530 1986-07-31
DE8620530U 1986-07-31
DE19863637987 DE3637987A1 (en) 1986-07-31 1986-11-07 Cave floor
DE3637987 1986-11-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0307415A1 EP0307415A1 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0307415B1 true EP0307415B1 (en) 1991-07-17

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ID=25849145

Family Applications (1)

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EP87905432A Expired - Lifetime EP0307415B1 (en) 1986-07-31 1987-07-29 Cavity floor

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Country Link
US (1) US4993202A (en)
EP (1) EP0307415B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02500376A (en)
DE (2) DE3637987A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1988000997A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3637987C2 (en) 1988-09-29
EP0307415A1 (en) 1989-03-22
DE3771500D1 (en) 1991-08-22
JPH02500376A (en) 1990-02-08
US4993202A (en) 1991-02-19
DE3637987A1 (en) 1988-02-04
WO1988000997A1 (en) 1988-02-11

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