EP0301556B1 - Method of manufacturing a building element in the shape of a hollow brick, concrete block or the like - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a building element in the shape of a hollow brick, concrete block or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301556B1
EP0301556B1 EP88112274A EP88112274A EP0301556B1 EP 0301556 B1 EP0301556 B1 EP 0301556B1 EP 88112274 A EP88112274 A EP 88112274A EP 88112274 A EP88112274 A EP 88112274A EP 0301556 B1 EP0301556 B1 EP 0301556B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavities
silicone
slabs
blocks
perforated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88112274A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0301556A2 (en
EP0301556A3 (en
Inventor
Romeo Tonello
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REXPOL Srl
Original Assignee
REXPOL Srl
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by REXPOL Srl filed Critical REXPOL Srl
Priority to AT88112274T priority Critical patent/ATE59873T1/en
Publication of EP0301556A2 publication Critical patent/EP0301556A2/en
Publication of EP0301556A3 publication Critical patent/EP0301556A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0301556B1 publication Critical patent/EP0301556B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • B28B11/043—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material filling cavities or chambers of hollow blocks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing construction elements according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the plates mentioned, between which the hollow blocks are lined up, are not formed by separate plates, but these plates represent the walls of the heating chambers facing the hollow blocks, between which the hollow blocks are arranged. Pipes are used to supply the heating medium. In each case, a tube protrudes through these heating chambers and thus also through the plate mentioned up to the top of each cavity. The heating pipes thus open at the top of each cavity. In this way, the heating steam can only be supplied at a single point.
  • the invention has for its object to provide such a method in which the heating steam is applied evenly over the entire volume of the cavities of the hollow stones, and with the simplest possible construction.
  • this object is achieved in that the plates consist of finely perforated silicone material and the heat is applied uniformly over the entire outer surface of the plates through the finely perforated silicone plates.
  • the heating steam is applied not only at one point, but evenly over the entire top of the cavities, so that the heating medium is distributed evenly over the entire cross section of the cavities and thus causes uniform foaming.
  • construction element / components according to the invention can be designed in the form of bricks, hollow stones, ceiling tiles as hour stone for attics or partitions as blocks made of reinforced concrete, honeycomb bricks etc.
  • the silicone plates preferably have such rigidity and are applied with such pressure that the silicone material penetrates into the cavities of the building blocks by a few millimeters.
  • foaming with polystyrene you get a bulge, i.e. the styrofoam foam recedes a few millimeters below the face of the stone.
  • These vaults are filled with mortar during masonry so that the mortar interlocks well with the stones, thus increasing the strength of the wall.
  • Components of this type can be produced using known mechanical aids or automatically, and the elements are handled in stacks or rows by means of conventional grippers.
  • the unfoamed polystyrene beads are allowed to flow into the holes from a metering funnel; the superfluous material is removed from the outside and reintroduced into the circular sound.
  • the heat is injected by means of water vapor from one or both sides, that is to say from the top and / or bottom of this arrangement.
  • the water vapor which is applied with pressure on the outside, passes through the perforated silicone covering material into the interior of the stones, which causes the styrofoam beads to foam up, in particular due to the pentane contained in them (as a blowing agent).
  • the foam fills the entire hollow volume.
  • the cavities are arranged vertically. A sufficient amount of polystyrene grains (polystyrene) is filled into the cavities. Then such a plate made of silicone material B2 is placed on top of the row of hollow stones. The material and the pressure of the cover plates B1, B2 is such that the silicone material penetrates the cavities by a few millimeters. When foaming, you get recesses or dents - for better interlocking with the mortar when bricking. Water vapor (arrows V) is applied from above or from above and below. The water vapor penetrates through the perforated plates B1, B2 into the interior; the action of heat foams the polystyrene so that the entire cavity is filled, the foamed polystyrene firmly adhering to the walls of the stones.
  • polystyrene polystyrene grains

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

New building elements for building constructions made of brick or concrete hollow blocks, the cavities in the bricks or blocks being filled with Styrofoam (polystyrene and the like). To manufacture these building elements, the hollow bricks are lined up on a perforated silicone sheet with their cavities vertical. Dull-edged polystyrene particles are poured in from above. A perforated sheet of silicone plastic is then likewise laid on top. Steam under pressure or another source of heat is then applied, as a result of which the polystyrene particles expand (foam) and thus fill all the cavities. Insulating but at the same time strong building elements are thus obtained in a simple, inexpensive manner and the buildings produced therefrom do not need to be insulated with a separate layer of insulating material. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Konstruktionselementen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing construction elements according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein solches Verfahren bzw. eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens ist bereits aus der DE-A-3200197 bekannt.Such a method or a device for carrying out such a method is already known from DE-A-3200197.

Die erwähnten Platten, zwischen welchen die Hohlsteine aufgereiht werden, sind dabei allerdings nicht von separaten Platten gebildet, sondern diese Platten stellen die den Hohlsteinen zugewandten Wandungen von Heizkammern dar, zwischen denen die Hohlsteine angeordnet sind. Zur Zufuhr des Heizmittels dienen dabei Rohre. Jeweils ein Rohr ragt durch diese Heizkammern und damit auch durch die erwähnte Platte hindurch bis an die Oberseite je eines Hohlraumes. Die Heizrohre münden also an der Oberseite je eines Hohlraumes. Auf diese Weise kann der Heizdampf aber immer nur an einer einzigen Stelle zugeführt werden.The plates mentioned, between which the hollow blocks are lined up, are not formed by separate plates, but these plates represent the walls of the heating chambers facing the hollow blocks, between which the hollow blocks are arranged. Pipes are used to supply the heating medium. In each case, a tube protrudes through these heating chambers and thus also through the plate mentioned up to the top of each cavity. The heating pipes thus open at the top of each cavity. In this way, the heating steam can only be supplied at a single point.

Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung ist also nachteilig, daß die Wärmezufuhr nicht gleichmäßig über den ganzen Querschnitt und die ganze Höhe der Hohlräume erfolgt und somit auch das Ausschäumen unregelmäßig ist. Entweder der Ausschäumvorgang bleibt mangelhaft, oder aber man muß zuviel und zu lange Heizdampf aufwenden, damit auch die von je einer Heizrohr-Einmündungsstelle entfernt gelegenen Styroporpartikel ausreichend mit Heizdampf beaufschlagt werden.In the known device, it is disadvantageous that the heat is not supplied uniformly over the entire cross section and the entire height of the cavities and thus the foaming is irregular. Either the foaming process remains inadequate, or you have to use too much and too long heating steam so that heating steam is also sufficiently applied to the styrofoam particles located at a junction point.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein solches Verfahren zu schaffen, bei welchem der Heizdampf gleichmäßig über das gesamte Volumen der Hohlräume der Hohlsteine aufgebracht wird, und zwar bei möglichst einfacher Bauweise.In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide such a method in which the heating steam is applied evenly over the entire volume of the cavities of the hollow stones, and with the simplest possible construction.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht gemäß der Erfindung darin, daß die Platten aus feinperforiertem Silikonmaterial bestehen und die Wärme durch die feinperforierten Silikonplatten hindurch gleichmäßig über die ganze Außenfläche der Platten aufgebracht wird. Somit wird gemäß der Erfindung der Heizdampf nicht nur an einer Stelle, sondern gleichmäßig über die gesamte Oberseite der Hohlräume aufgebracht, so daß sich also das Heizmittel gleichmäßig über den ganzen Querschnitt der Hohlräume verteilt und somit ein gleichmäßiges Ausschäumen bewirkt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the plates consist of finely perforated silicone material and the heat is applied uniformly over the entire outer surface of the plates through the finely perforated silicone plates. Thus, according to the invention, the heating steam is applied not only at one point, but evenly over the entire top of the cavities, so that the heating medium is distributed evenly over the entire cross section of the cavities and thus causes uniform foaming.

Mit dieser Erfindung werden noch weitere Vorteile erreicht. Insbesondere erhält man eine bessere Wärmeisolation, man spart Baustoff, insbesondere Zement, die erfindungsgemäßen Bauelemente sind auch weniger zerbrechlich. Die erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktionselement/Bauelemente können in Form von Ziegelsteinen, Hohlsteinen, Deckenziegel als Hourdisteine für Dachböden oder Trennwände ausgebildet sein als Blöcke aus Stahlbeton, Wabenziegel etc.Still further advantages are achieved with this invention. In particular, better heat insulation is obtained, construction material, in particular cement, is saved, and the components according to the invention are also less fragile. The construction element / components according to the invention can be designed in the form of bricks, hollow stones, ceiling tiles as hour stone for attics or partitions as blocks made of reinforced concrete, honeycomb bricks etc.

Vorzugsweise haben die Silikonplatten eine solche Steifigkeit und werden mit solchem Druck aufgebracht, daß das Silikonmaterial um ein paar Millimeter in die Hohlräume der Bausteine eindringt. Beim Ausschäumen mit Styropor erhält man also jeweils eine Einwölbung, d.h. der Styroporschaum tritt um einige Millimeter unter die Stirnseiten des Steins zurück. Diese Einwölbungen werden beim Vermauren mit Mörtel ausgefüllt, so daß sich der Mörtel gut mit den Steinen verzahnt, damit wird die Festigkeit der Mauer erhöht.The silicone plates preferably have such rigidity and are applied with such pressure that the silicone material penetrates into the cavities of the building blocks by a few millimeters. When foaming with polystyrene, you get a bulge, i.e. the styrofoam foam recedes a few millimeters below the face of the stone. These vaults are filled with mortar during masonry so that the mortar interlocks well with the stones, thus increasing the strength of the wall.

Derartige Bauelemente können mit bekannten mechanischen Hilfsmitteln bzw. automatisch hergestellt werden, mittels üblicher Greifer werden die Elemente stapelweise bzw. reihenweise gehandhabt.Components of this type can be produced using known mechanical aids or automatically, and the elements are handled in stacks or rows by means of conventional grippers.

Aus einem Dosiertrichter läßt man die ungeschäumten Styroporperlen in die Löcher fließen; das überflüssige Material wird außen abgenommen und von neuem in den Kreislaut eingeleitet. Wenn die zweite Silikon-Schicht oben aufgebracht ist, injiziert man die Hitze mittels Wasserdampf von einer oder von beiden Seiten, also von oben und/oder von unten dieser Anordnung. Der mit Druck außen aufgebracht Wasserdampf tritt durch das perforierte Silikon-Abdeckmaterial in das Innere der Steine, wodurch die Styroporperlen aufgeschäumt werden, insbesondere aufgrund des in ihnen enthaltenen Penthans (als Treibmittel). Der Schaum füllt das gesamte Hohlvolumen aus.The unfoamed polystyrene beads are allowed to flow into the holes from a metering funnel; the superfluous material is removed from the outside and reintroduced into the circular sound. When the second silicone layer is applied at the top, the heat is injected by means of water vapor from one or both sides, that is to say from the top and / or bottom of this arrangement. The water vapor, which is applied with pressure on the outside, passes through the perforated silicone covering material into the interior of the stones, which causes the styrofoam beads to foam up, in particular due to the pentane contained in them (as a blowing agent). The foam fills the entire hollow volume.

Auf der beigefügten Zeichnung wird die Erfindung nochmals erläutert:

  • Fig. 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement in Draufsicht.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung.
  • Gemäß Fig. 1 sind die Hohlräume C eines Vielkammer-Hohlblocksteins A mit Styroporschaum ausgeschäumt.
  • Gemäß Fig. 2 ist eine Reihe von Hohlsteinen, beispielsweise gemäß Fig. 1, nebeneinander auf eine Platte B1 aus Silikonmaterial aufgereiht. Die Silikonplatte ist fein perforiert und hat eine gewisse Plastizität.
The invention is explained again on the attached drawing:
  • 1 shows a component according to the invention in plan view.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically an arrangement for performing the method according to the invention.
  • 1, the cavities C of a multi-chamber hollow block A are foamed with polystyrene foam.
  • According to FIG. 2, a row of hollow stones, for example according to FIG. 1, is lined up next to one another on a plate B1 made of silicone material. The silicone plate is finely perforated and has a certain plasticity.

Die Hohlräume sind dabei vertikal angeordnet. In die Hohlräume wird eine ausreichende Menge Polystyrolkörner (Styropor) eingefüllt. Sodann wird eine eben solche Platte aus Silikonmaterial B2 oben auf die Reihe von Hohlsteinen aufgelegt. Das Material und der Druck der Abdeckplatten B1, B2 ist derart, daß das Silikonmaterial um einige Millimeter in die Hohlräume eindringt. Beim Ausschäumen erhält man somit Vertiefungen oder Einwölbungen-für die bessere Verzahnung mit dem Mörtel beim Mauern. Von oben oder von oben und unten wird Wasserdampf (Pfeile V) aufgebracht. Der Wasserdampf dringt durch die perforierten Platten B1, B2, hindurch in das Innere; die Wärmeeinwirkung schäumt das Polystyrol, so daß der gesamte Hohlraum ausgefüllt wird, wobei das geschäumte Polystyrol fest an den Wandungen der Steine haftet.The cavities are arranged vertically. A sufficient amount of polystyrene grains (polystyrene) is filled into the cavities. Then such a plate made of silicone material B2 is placed on top of the row of hollow stones. The material and the pressure of the cover plates B1, B2 is such that the silicone material penetrates the cavities by a few millimeters. When foaming, you get recesses or dents - for better interlocking with the mortar when bricking. Water vapor (arrows V) is applied from above or from above and below. The water vapor penetrates through the perforated plates B1, B2 into the interior; the action of heat foams the polystyrene so that the entire cavity is filled, the foamed polystyrene firmly adhering to the walls of the stones.

Claims (2)

1. Process for the manufacture of structural elements for the building industry in the form of bricks or hollow concrete blocks with continuous cavities (C) extending from one side to the other into which polystyrene particles are poured, each said structural element or hollow block (A) or row of such hollow blocks being placed or lined between a lower and an upper perforated slab in such a way that the slabs cover the continuous cavities to which the heat (V) required for expanding the polystyrene particles is applied through the perforated slabs characterized in that the slabs (B1, B2) are made of finely perforated silicone material and the heat (V) is applied through the finely perforated silicone slabs (B1, B2) uniformly across the entire external face of the slabs (B1, B2).
2. Process as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the two silicone slabs (B1, B2) or silicone plastic material have such pressure applied to them that the silicone material is pressed several millimetres into the cavities (C) of the blocks (A) to create recesses (frogs) to receive the mortar during brick-laying.
EP88112274A 1987-07-31 1988-07-29 Method of manufacturing a building element in the shape of a hollow brick, concrete block or the like Expired - Lifetime EP0301556B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88112274T ATE59873T1 (en) 1987-07-31 1988-07-29 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT IN THE FORM OF A HOLLOW BRICK OR CONCRETE PLUG OR THE LIKE. COMPONENTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8741648A IT1229970B (en) 1987-07-31 1987-07-31 ELEMENT FOR BUILDINGS IN BRICK AND EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION.
IT4164887 1987-07-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0301556A2 EP0301556A2 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301556A3 EP0301556A3 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0301556B1 true EP0301556B1 (en) 1991-01-09

Family

ID=11252525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88112274A Expired - Lifetime EP0301556B1 (en) 1987-07-31 1988-07-29 Method of manufacturing a building element in the shape of a hollow brick, concrete block or the like

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0301556B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE59873T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3861500D1 (en)
IT (1) IT1229970B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUT77731A (en) * 1994-10-22 1998-07-28 Volker Schmidt Building stone
ITMI20080302A1 (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Produzione Commercio Laterizi PROCEDURE FOR THERMAL INSULATION OF PERFORATED BRICKWORK, AS WELL AS THE PLANT FOR THERMAL INSULATION OF PERFORATED BRICKS.
DE102009005473A1 (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-07-22 SFH Maschinen- und Anlagenservice für Betonsteinindustrie GmbH Method for production of hollow block-masonry unit, involves filling warm-damming polystyrene in cavities of special manufacturing unit
DE102012110159A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Michael Kellerer Method and device for producing a brick with insulation filling and such brick

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2292081A1 (en) * 1974-11-19 1976-06-18 Toulpac Sa Thermally insulated building components - obtd. by filling hollow components with beads of expansible or expanded thermoplast, and agglomerating by heat
EP0027477B2 (en) * 1979-10-22 1989-05-17 Veit Dennert KG Baustoffbetriebe Process and device for the manufacture of hollow-block bricks with plastics filling
DE3200197A1 (en) * 1982-01-07 1983-07-14 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Apparatus for foam-filling the cavities of hollow blocks with expanded polystyrene
DE3504104A1 (en) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-07 Alfons 8963 Waltenhofen Häusler HOLLOW BLOCK STONE AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ITS PRODUCTION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE59873T1 (en) 1991-01-15
IT8741648A0 (en) 1987-07-31
IT1229970B (en) 1991-09-20
DE3861500D1 (en) 1991-02-14
EP0301556A2 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301556A3 (en) 1989-04-05

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