EP0299952B1 - Procédé pour l'avancement d'un tunnel et perceuse à bouclier pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé pour l'avancement d'un tunnel et perceuse à bouclier pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0299952B1
EP0299952B1 EP88890187A EP88890187A EP0299952B1 EP 0299952 B1 EP0299952 B1 EP 0299952B1 EP 88890187 A EP88890187 A EP 88890187A EP 88890187 A EP88890187 A EP 88890187A EP 0299952 B1 EP0299952 B1 EP 0299952B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure bell
bell
shield structure
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88890187A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0299952A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Wippig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sandvik Mining and Construction GmbH
Original Assignee
Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH filed Critical Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0299952A1 publication Critical patent/EP0299952A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0299952B1 publication Critical patent/EP0299952B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
    • E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for tunneling using a shield tunneling machine, in which the excavation space is sealed off from the shield construction by means of a pressure bell and under higher pressure than the space inside the shield construction, and to a device for carrying out this method, with a dismantling tool , in particular the cutting wheel, and a pressure bell that surrounds the removal tool in a sealing manner.
  • a tunnel boring machine has become known from DE-A-35 14 563, which has a cutting wheel with a rotating scraper disc and a conveying device which transports the mined material to the rinsing chamber of a hydraulic conveying device.
  • the scraper disc has evenly distributed cutting bars, which are provided with closable openings which open into sector chambers for the mined material. Through a targeted closing of the openings in the scraper disc, a support pressure on the face is generated by the controlled discharge of the material through the cutting wheel.
  • a device and a method for the removal of soil from the pressure chamber of a tunnel driving shield have become known.
  • a pressure-resistant sealing wall is built inside the shield construction behind the dismantling tools and a pressure chamber is formed which is spatially separated from the room in which operating personnel are located.
  • the pressure chamber is usually filled with compressed air in order to retain the water that occurs depending on the geological formation.
  • Earth pressure compensation shields are also known, in which the earth pressure is measured by separate measuring devices.
  • a change in material density is unavoidable due to the access of freshly dissolved soil.
  • the use of the known earth pressure compensation shields is mostly limited to soft, mushy soils in the groundwater.
  • the mined soil is compacted in a conveyor drum or screw to such an extent that the material forms an impermeable barrier which can support the working face and retain groundwater.
  • pressure transducers are arranged, which can be arranged both in the pressure chamber and in the area of the screw conveyor, whereby the possibility is to be created to control the extraction of soil from the screw according to the pressure conditions.
  • such pressure transducers can only cover a small, locally limited area, so that in view of the different material densities across the working face, relatively large uncertainties with regard to the actual pressure conditions on the mining area must be expected.
  • the invention now aims to provide a method of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to detect the actual pressure conditions on the working face more precisely and, in particular, enables a sensible control if there are greater fluctuations in the material density and in the working face Pressure conditions occur. In this way, settlements and other sudden occurrences are said Problems in tunneling become recognizable in good time and the opportunity is created to take countermeasures in good time.
  • the method according to the invention essentially consists in that the pressure in the excavation space is transferred directly to the material in the excavation space via a sealing pressure bell that can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the shield construction and swivels with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shield construction, and that the pressure bell is adjustable by means of an adjustable one and / or controllable drive is pressed against the material in the excavation space.
  • a sealing pressure bell that can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the shield construction and swivels with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shield construction, and that the pressure bell is adjustable by means of an adjustable one and / or controllable drive is pressed against the material in the excavation space.
  • the movable and swiveling, sealing pressure bell makes it possible to maintain a constant pressure over the entire height of the tunneling machine. Since the pressure in the excavation space is introduced directly onto the material via the pressure bell, distortions are avoided which occur when using support fluids in the excavation space, since when using support fluids the hydrostatic pressure in the area of the sole is naturally greater than in the area of the ridges of the Is tunnels.
  • the drive of the dismantling tools is stored in the pressure bell and the axis of rotation of this drive is pivoted together with the pressure bell, whereby a uniform utilization and thus a high, adapted, constant removal performance is made possible in each pivot position of the pressure bell according to the required supporting pressure.
  • the method according to the invention is supplemented with a correspondingly reliable measuring method and is advantageously carried out in such a way that the pressure load on the pressure bell is measured and that the pressure bell is adjusted as a function of the measured values by a plurality of separate displacement or swivel drives.
  • a plurality of representative measured values are obtained, which make it possible to carry out the displacement or pivoting movement of this pressure bell in accordance with the measured pressure values.
  • the device according to the invention for carrying out this method is essentially characterized, starting from the device mentioned at the outset, in that the pressure bell sealing a drive for the removal tool is sealingly displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the shield constructions and is pivotable with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shield construction, and in that the pressure bell is pressurized - And / or displacement transducers and displacement and / or swivel drives is connected.
  • the measure that the pressure bell is arranged sealingly displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the shield construction and pivotable relative to the longitudinal direction of the shield construction the possibility is created to set this pressure bell according to the respective requirements of the working face, in order in this way a regional compensation of the earth pressure according to the ensure geological conditions.
  • the pressure bell is pressed by separate, appropriately arranged displacement and / or swivel drives which are connected to pressure and / or displacement transducers for better control of the displacement and / or swivel movement.
  • a particularly simple combination of pressure transducers or displacement transducers with displacement and / or swivel drives can be achieved when using hydraulic cylinder-piston units, which enables the pressure bell to be pivoted in a targeted manner according to the pressure conditions.
  • the displacement and / or swivel drives of the pressure bell can be formed by fluidic cylinder piston units and the pressure transducers can be designed as pressure gauges connected to the working space of the fluidic cylinders.
  • Fluidic cylinder piston units of this type offer the advantage that, in addition to their function as a drive for the displacement or pivoting movement of the pressure bell, they can also serve as measuring sensors, in which case it is sufficient to connect simple pressure gauges to the working space of the respective fluidic cylinders instead of complex displacement sensors .
  • the displacement and / or swivel drives, and in particular the fluidic cylinder piston units, can advantageously be supported on a support structure supported within the shield construction.
  • an abutment which is stationary relative to the shield construction is created for the drives and the possibility is created to use the pressure bell not only for receiving the earth pressure, but also for directional control.
  • the support and control cylinders for the pressure bell or for the individual movable wall parts of the pressure bell can be used individually or in groups for obtaining the pressure measurements of the final pressure and for active control.
  • the support structure is advantageously designed as a further sealing wall in the shield construction, so that an additional security room is formed.
  • this additional safety space can be filled by introducing compressed air, so that the operating personnel are provided with increased safety.
  • the movable pressure bell itself can have edges parallel to the shield, which considerably simplifies the edge sealing.
  • the pressure bell can be supported in slide bearings, in particular spherical slide bearings, on the drive shaft or on the housing surrounding the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft of the cutting wheel must pass through the pressure bell and can advantageously be hollow, which creates the possibility of arranging a discharge device within the hollow drive shaft.
  • the pressure bell can have an opening for the connection of a discharge device, as a result of which the cut material can be transported away safely and quickly while at the same time maintaining the required pressure.
  • the design is advantageously made such that the pressure bell and optionally also the support structure have a lock.
  • the fluidic cylinder piston assemblies which can be designed in a particularly simple manner as hydraulic cylinder piston assemblies, are arranged distributed over the entire circumference of the pressure bell, whereby on the one hand the detection and registration of the earth pressure over the entire mining area or Face is possible and on the other hand the different earth pressures depending on the diameter of the tunneling machine can be clearly measured and recorded in all heights in front of the shield machine, especially in the roof, elm and sole.
  • the arrangement of the hydraulic cylinder-piston units on the circumference also enables secure support against the actual shield construction, so that even large forces can be safely absorbed or exerted.
  • Screw conveyors or similar systems are primarily suitable for the removal of soil, with additional cellular wheels, storage flaps or the like. be arranged in order to be able to control the runoff of the mined soil exactly.
  • the control of the support and control cylinders or the displacement and swivel drives of the pressure bell can be carried out in a simple manner by means of a freely programmable switching mechanism, the design preferably being such that the signal lines of the pressure measuring devices and / or displacement transducers have a freely programmable switching mechanism are connected and that control lines of the freely programmable switching mechanism are connected to the drives, in particular valves of the fluidic drives, of the displaceable and pivotable pressure bell.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section through a device according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows a view in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1 with the tool carriers removed.
  • a shield extension 1 is shown, at the end face 2 on the face side a sliding seal 3 for the displaceable and pivotable pressure bell 4 is arranged.
  • the displaceable pressure bell 4 extends near the face in the direction of the axis 5 and overlaps with its outer ring 4 'the tool carrier 6 of rotatably mounted dismantling tools.
  • the displaceable pressure bell 4 is supported by hydraulic cylinder-piston units 7 on a support structure 8, which is arranged in a stationary manner within the shield structure 1.
  • This support structure 8 is designed as a sealing wall and supports the bearing 9 for the drive shaft 10 of the tool holder 6.
  • the bearing 9 is spherical to enable pivoting of the drive 11 for the shaft 10 in the direction of the double arrow 12.
  • the storage is designed so that a displacement in the direction of the double arrow 13 parallel to the axis 5 of the shield removal is possible.
  • the pressure bell is displaceable and pivotable on the housing 14, which is held in the bearings 9, for which in turn spherical bearings 15 are provided.
  • the pressure bell 4 carries a pressure lock 16, via which the pressure chamber 17 in front of the pressure-resistant, displaceable and pivotable pressure bell 4 can be made accessible.
  • the hydraulic cylinder-piston units 7 can be pressurized to move or pivot the pressure bell 4.
  • Pressure measuring cells, not shown, are connected to the working spaces of the pistons of these cylinder-piston units 7, by means of which the respectively prevailing pressure conditions can be detected.
  • a screw conveyor 18 is connected via a funnel 19 to the displaceable and pivotable pressure bell 4, this screw conveyor 18 sealingly penetrating the pressure-resistant support structure 8. Between the pressure-resistant support structure 8 and the movable pressure bell there remains a space 20 which is in the If necessary, compressed air can be supplied as a second security room.
  • the screw conveyor 18 or a comparable discharge device can, however, also be inserted into the interior of the hollow drive shaft, indicated by dashed lines, the cavity of this drive shaft being designated by 21.
  • Fig. 2 the displaceable and pivotable pressure bell 4 is shown in the view seen from the working face.
  • the support cylinders, via which the pressure measurement values can also be obtained, are indicated schematically by 7. Outside the support cylinders, the feed cylinders 22 of the shield construction are indicated schematically.
  • the drive shaft for the removal tools is again designated 10.
  • the displaceable and pivotable pressure bell 4 has the receiving funnel 19 for the subsequent removal device formed by a screw conveyor 18.
  • the entire surface facing the working face can be arranged so as to be displaceable and pivotable within a shield cutting edge by means of a similar sliding seal 3 without an overlapping outer ring 4 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Removal Of Insulation Or Armoring From Wires Or Cables (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour l'avancement d'un tunnel en utilisant un tunnelier à bouclier, dans lequel on isole de façon étanche la chambre d'abattage de la construction du bouclier (1) au moyen d'une cloche à pression (4), et on met la chambre d'abattage sous une pression supérieure à celle de la cavité interne de la construction du bouclier, caractérisé en ce que l'on transmet directement au matériau situé dans la chambre d'abattage la pression régnant dans cette chambre, par l'intermédiaire d'une cloche à pression (4) assurant l'étanchéité, pouvant coulisser de façon étanche dans la direction longitudinale de la structure du bouclier et pouvant osciller par rapport à cette direction longitudinale, et en ce que l'on presse la cloche à pression (4) contre le matériau situé dans la chambre d'abattage au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraînement réglable et/ou régulable.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement (11) de l'outil d'abattage (6) est monté dans la cloche à pression (4), et en ce que l'axe de rotation de cet entraînement oscille en même temps que la cloche à pression (4).
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on mesure la pression exercée sur la cloche à pression (4), et en ce que l'on déplace cette cloche en fonction des valeurs mesurées, au moyen de plusieurs actionneurs séparés d'entraînement en translation ou en oscillation (7).
  4. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, comprenant un outil d'abattage (6), en particulier un disque de coupe, et une cloche à pression (4) entourant étroitement cet outil de coupe, caractérisé en ce que la cloche à pression (4) isolant de façon étanche un entraînement (10, 11) pour l'outil de coupe est montée coulissante à joint étanche dans la direction longitudinale de la structure du bouclier et oscillante par rapport à cette direction longitudinale, et en ce que la cloche à pression (4) est reliée à des capteurs de pression et/ou de déplacement ainsi qu'à des actionneurs (7) d'entraînement en translation et/ou en oscillation.
  5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les actionneurs d'entraînement en translation et/ou en oscillation de la cloche à pression (4) sont constitués par des vérins (7), et en ce que les capteurs de pression sont constitués par des dispositifs de mesure de pression reliés à la chambre de travail des vérins.
  6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que les vérins (7) prennent appui sur une structure de support (8) portée à l'intérieur de la structure du bouclier.
  7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (8) porte un palier (9) de l'entraînement (11) de l'outil d'abattage (10), en particulier un palier lisse permettant le déplacement axial et un palier d'oscillation permettant l'oscillation de l'axe.
  8. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (8) est constituée par une paroi supplémentaire d'isolement étanche prévue dans la structure du bouclier.
  9. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la cloche à pression (4) permet le passage de l'arbre d'entraînement (10) ou du carter (14) qui l'entoure dans des paliers lisses, en particulier dans des paliers lisses bombés (15).
  10. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre d'entraînement (10) du disque de coupe est réalisé sous forme creuse.
  11. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la cloche à pression (4) ou la structure de support (8) comporte un sas (16).
  12. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les actionneurs d'entraînement (7) de la cloche à pression (4) coulissante et oscillante peuvent être couplés par groupes.
  13. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la cloche à pression (4) comporte un passage (19) pour le raccordement d'un dispositif d'évacuation (18).
  14. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 13, caractérisé en ce que des conduites d'un agent sous pression, en particulier une conduite d'air comprimé, sont reliées à la chambre (20) située entre la cloche à pression (4) coulissante et oscillante et la structure de support (8) réalisée sous la forme d'une paroi d'isolement étanche.
  15. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les lignes de signaux des dispositifs de mesure de pression et/ou des capteurs de déplacement sont reliés à un dispositif de commutation librement programmable, et en ce que des lignes de commande de ce dispositif de commutation librement programmable sont reliées aux dispositifs d'entraînement (7), en particulier à des vannes des actionneurs d'entraînement fluidiques, de la cloche à pression (4) coulissante et oscillante.
EP88890187A 1987-07-17 1988-07-15 Procédé pour l'avancement d'un tunnel et perceuse à bouclier pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0299952B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0181587A ATA181587A (de) 1987-07-17 1987-07-17 Verfahren zum tunnelvortrieb sowie schildvortriebsmaschine zur durchführung dieses verfahrens
AT1815/87 1987-07-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0299952A1 EP0299952A1 (fr) 1989-01-18
EP0299952B1 true EP0299952B1 (fr) 1994-10-05

Family

ID=3521587

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88890187A Expired - Lifetime EP0299952B1 (fr) 1987-07-17 1988-07-15 Procédé pour l'avancement d'un tunnel et perceuse à bouclier pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0299952B1 (fr)
AT (2) ATA181587A (fr)
DE (1) DE3851728D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3929393C1 (fr) * 1989-09-02 1990-11-29 Howaldtswerke - Deutsche Werft Ag, 2300 Kiel, De
FR2783889B1 (fr) * 1998-09-29 2000-12-22 Nfm Tech Dispositif d'etancheite entre une tete de coupe d'un tunnelier et un arbre horizontal fixe
CN113236270B (zh) * 2021-04-27 2024-05-03 中铁工程服务有限公司 一种用于盾构掘进轴线的自保持装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3266257A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-08-16 Robbins & Assoc James S Shield tunneling method and mechanism
GB1573946A (en) * 1976-04-05 1980-08-28 Tekken Constr Co Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system
DE3229268A1 (de) * 1982-08-05 1984-02-09 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Abbauvorrichtung, insbesondere zur verwendung beim schildvortrieb mit fluessigkeitsgestuetzter ortsbrust
JPS61172993A (ja) * 1985-01-29 1986-08-04 株式会社　イセキ開発工機 シ−ルドトンネル掘進装置
DE3514563A1 (de) * 1985-04-23 1986-10-30 Strabag Bau-AG, 5000 Köln Tunnelvortriebsmaschine
DE3533425C1 (de) * 1985-09-19 1986-10-30 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen Stuetzfluessigkeitsdruckregelung fuer eine Schildvortriebsmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE112607T1 (de) 1994-10-15
DE3851728D1 (de) 1994-11-10
EP0299952A1 (fr) 1989-01-18
ATA181587A (de) 1995-04-15

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