GB1573946A - Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system - Google Patents
Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1573946A GB1573946A GB5124/77A GB512477A GB1573946A GB 1573946 A GB1573946 A GB 1573946A GB 5124/77 A GB5124/77 A GB 5124/77A GB 512477 A GB512477 A GB 512477A GB 1573946 A GB1573946 A GB 1573946A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- feeding
- regulating valve
- regulator
- pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
(54) AUTOMATIC TUNNEL FACE HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
CONTROLLING APPARATUS IN SHIELD TYPE HYDRAULIC
TUNNEL BORING SYSTEM
(71) We, TEKKEN CONSTRUC
TION CO. LTD, a joint stock company
organized under the laws of Japan, of 5-3, Misaki-cho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,
Japan, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to a shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system and, more particularly, to the combination therewith of apparatus for automatically controlling the hydraulic pressure of the tunnel face of the ground being bored by the tunnel boring shield excavator.
Generally. it is very important for performing the hydraulic tunnel boring to properly maintain the hydraulic pressure on the tunnel face since, in the case when the hydraulic pressure becomes unstable, the ground layer which is generally unstable where the hydraulic boring system is employed may easily collapse even entailing serious ground sinking due to so-called piping phenomenon or the like with possible expansion and contraction of the layer around the tunnel face. It is absolutely necessary, therefore, to maintain the tunnel face hydraulic pressure stably constant during the tunnel boring.
In order to maintain the tunnel face hydraulic pressure constant in the boring system of the kind referred to, there has been suggested in, for example, the United
States Patent 3,769,804 a method wherein a hydraulic pressure setter included in a pressure regulator is set at a predetermined pressure. a pressure indicating signal transmitter is provided in a hydraulic chamber formed at boring head behind a rotary cutter of the tunnel boring shield excavator, any fluctuations in the hydraulic pressure inside the chamber are detected by the transmitter and an electric signal representing an external disturbance to the predetermined pressure is presented to the regulator, whereby a pump associated with a pipe for feeding a hydraulic material to the hydraulic chamber is precisely adjusted in its pumping rate and thus the hydraulic material fed is properly adjusted in its amount required for maintaining the predetermined pressure.According to this method, on the other hand, the feeding pump is installed on the ground surface so as to be at the distance from the tunnel face, which distance is increased as the boring advances, and the result of adjustments of the hydraulic material feeding rate or amount at the end of the tunnel face is subject to a certain time lag due to such distance. There has been also suggested as another measure to control the feeding amount of the hydraulic material by means of a valve provided in the feeding pipe, but it is difficult to achieve a quick rise of the hydraulic pressure at the tunnel face due to restricted amount of the material fed by the pump so that the tunnel face hydraulic pressure cannot be controlled promptly when the same is decreased.
The present invention is proposed to remove such defects as described above, successfully regulating the tunnel face hydraulic pressure with less time lag.
A primary object of the present invention is. therefore, to provide an automatic controlling apparatus for the tunnel face hydraulic pressure in a shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system, which is capable of achieving the control quickly.
According to the present invention, there is provided, in combination with a hydraulic tunnel boring system having a shield type boring excavator including a hydraulic pressure chamber defined between a rotary cutter head and a bulkhead, said chamber in use being fed with a hydraulic material through a feeding pipe and a mixture of said material and ground excavated by said cutter head being discharged through a discharging pipe, an apparatus for automatically controlling tunnel face hydraulic pressure in the chamber, which comprises a pressure gauge for measuring the tunnel face hydraulic pressure in thechamber, a regulating valve in the feeding pipe at a position adjacent the bulkhead, and a regulator connected to said pressure gauge and regulating valve for controlling the regulating valve in response to differences between the actual feeding pressure measured by the gauge and a predetermined pressure set by the regulator.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will be made clear as the following explanations of the invention advance as detailed with reference to preferred embodiments of the invention shown in accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE I is a schematic sectioned view showing an entire shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system employing an embodiment of the automatic hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus according to the present invention; and
FIGS. 2 to 4 are respective views similar to FIG. I showing the system employing other embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, a pressure gauge 5 for measuring the hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic pressure chamber 4 formed between a bulkhead 2 of a shield excavator 1 and a cutter head 3 rotated by a motor or the like (not shown) is provided at the bulkhead 2, a regulating valve 7 is provided at a position adjacent the bulkhead 2 in a pipe 6 for feeding such hydraulic material as slurry, muddy water or even plain water (which shall be referred to "water" hereinafter for simplicity) to the chamber 4 from a tank 9 installed on the ground surface through a pump 8. Further, a pipe 10 for discharging excavated ground formations together with the water is connected at one end to the chamber 4 through the bulkhead 2 and at the other end to the tank 9 as opened above the tank through a pump 11.
Hydraulic pressure measured by the pressure gauge 5 is converted to an electric signal by a pressure transmitter 13, which signal is given to a first regulator 14 indicating the hydraulic pressure and controlling the valve 7 and to a second regulator 15 indicating the pressure and controlling a variable speed motor 17 for operating the pump 8.
In the first regulator 14, a predetermined feeding hydraulic pressure value K required for maintaining a proper hydraulic pressure in the chamber 4 is set in advance, an actual pressure value S in the chamber 4 measured by the gauge 5 is indicated and an electric signal representing a difference if any between the respective pressure values
K and S is generated, which signal is given to a converter 16 which controls the regulating valve 7. It is preferable that the converter 16 is of a type which operates the regulating valve 7 by means of, for example, a compressed air responsive to the electric signal from the regulator 14.Also in the second regulator 15, a predetermined pumping hydraulic pressure value K' which is preferably slightly higher than the value K as will be described later is set in advance, the measured actual pressure value S is indicated and an electric signal representing any difference between the respective pressure values K' and S is generated, which signal is given to the variable speed motor
17 to vary the number of revolutions of the pump 8 and the amount and pressure of fed water of the pump.
The operation and effects of the present invention shall be explained in the following. Until the number of pumping revolutions of the pump 8 varies as indicated by the regulator 15 and until an increased hydraulic pressure due to the varied pumping of the pump 8 reaches the water chamber pressure, a considerable time is usually required so that there will be caused a certain time lag between an initiation of the pressure regulation and an establishment of the required pressure in the chamber 4. In the present invention, the regulating valve 7 of the water feeding pipe 6 is provided at a position adjacent the bulkhead 2 of the chamber 4 and the lower limit of opening degree of regulating valve 7 is made to be about 20% open so as to render a precise adjustment of the valve opening possible. On the other hand, even if the tunnel face hydraulic pressure is adjusted only by opening or closing the regulating valve 7, it will be impossible to control the tunnel face hydraulic pressure sufficiently unless the pumping water amount is varied to be of a predetermined value. In this case, the tunnel face hydraulic pressure can be adjusted to the predetermined value by varying the number of revolutions of the pump. That is, the required control of the tunnel face hydraulic pressure can be achieved in two steps of controlling the regulating valve 7 and the number of revolutions of the variable speed pump 8. In case the variation of the tunnel face pressure is slight, the control will be achieved only by opening or closing the regulating valve 7.
Further, the predetermining pumping pressure value K' of the regulator 15 is preferably made to be slightly higher than the predetermined feeding pressure value S of the regulator 14, so that the tunnel face hydraulic pressure will be controlled more favorably. In the single control of the regulating valve 7 or of the variable speed pump 8, the controlled range of the tunnel face hydraulic pressure is about 0.2 to 0.3 kg./cm2. However, if the two regulators are used according to the present invention to vary their set pressures, the controlled range of the tunnel face hydraulic pressure will be able to be expanded to 0.2 to 0.5 kg./cm2.
Referring next to FIG. 2 showing a second embodiment of the present invention, components identical to those in the first embodiment of FIG. 1 are identified by the same numerals accompanied by "a", respectively. In this embodiment. a first bypass water feeding pipe 19 is provided across a first regulating valve 7a provided in a water feeding pipe 6a, a second regulating valve 20 provided in the first bypass pipe 19 is controlled by a first regulator 14a, a third regulating valve 21 is provided between the first regulating valve 7a and a water feeding pump 8a, and this regulating valve 21 is controlled by another regulator 23 (which shall be referred to as "third" regulator hereinafter) operated by a second pressure gauge 22 provided in the feeding pipe 6a.
In the third regulator 23, a predetermined feeding water pressure value is set, and the regulator 23 controls the third regulating valve 21 in response to any difference between the predetermined pressure value set in the regulator 23 and an actual feeding water pressure measured by the gauge 22.
There is further provided a second bypass pipe 24 between the feeding pipe 6a and a discharging pipe 10a for a mixture of excavated ground formations and the water fed to the tunnel face, and a further regulating valve 25 is provided in this-bypass pipe 24. A swich '6 is provided between the regulating valve 7a and the regulator 14a so as to enable it possible to manually control energizations and de-energizations of the valve 7a.
In the first regulator 14a, there is also set a predetermined water pressure value as in the case of the first embodiment and the above described predetermined pressure value set in the third regulator 23 is made to be slightly higher than the value set in the first regulator 14a.
Referring to the operation of the instant embodiment for controlling the tunnel face hydraulic pressure, it should be first noted that a reservoir tank 9a for reserving the water to be fed to hydraulic chamber 4a of the shield excavator and receiving discharged mixture of the water and excavated ground formations for further recirculating the water to the chamber 4a is installed on the ground surface as in the case of the first embodiment and the water in the reservoir 9a to be fed to the chamber 4a initially has a considerably higher pressure than the required tunnel face hydraulic pressure, so that the intended maintenance of the tunnel face pressure has to be confronted with various difficulties.
The controlling apparatus of the present embodiment is suitably designed for achieving the controlling operation overcoming such difficulties. In initiating the hydraulic boring operation of the entire boring system shown, primarily, the first regulating valve 7a and another valve 33 provided in the discharging pipe 10a immediately downstream the bulkhead 2a are closed while the boring excavation of the shield excavator la is withheld, only the second regulating valve 20 in the bypass pipe 19 which has a remarkably smaller diameter than the water feeding pipe 6a is kept operable whereas the first regulating valve 7a in the feeding pipe 6a is made deenergized by opening the switch 26.Then the respective regulating valves 20 and 21 are properly operated by the respective regulators 14a and 23 depending on electric signals from the pressure gauges 5a and 22 denoting the hydraulic pressures in the hydraulic chamber 4a and feeding pipe 6a respectively, so that the water under a proper pressure will be fed to the chamber 4a through the bypass pipe 19 to establish the required tunnel face hydraulic pressure in the chamber 4a. During this initial operation, the water feeding pump 8a and discharging pump 1 lea are kept in nonoperating state.As a preparatory step to the initiation of the boring excavation, next, the pumps 8a and 1 la are operated while still closing the valve 33 in the discharging pipe 10a, and the further regulating valve 25 in the second bypass 24 is opened so that the water in the feeding pipe 6a will be circulated through the second bypass 24 to the discharging pipe 10a. At this time, the third regulating valve 21 is so controlled that the water pressure in the feeding pipe 6a between the second and third regulating valves 20 and 21 will - be of the predetermined value set in the third regulator 23.Then the respective valves 7a and 33 are opened under the above condition while closing the valve 25 in the second bypass 24 so that main flow path for circulating the fed water and discharged mixture will be established through the feeding pipe 6a, chamber 4a and discharging pipe 10a, and thereafter the boring excavation of the shield excavator la is started.
In the present second embodiment, all the regulating valves 20, 7a and 21 are provided at positions on the feeding pipe 6a respectively close to the hydraulic pressure chamber 4a so that any variations in the tunnel face hydraulic pressure caused from variations in operating states of the excavator during its stoppage and operation of the tunnel boring can be immediately responded to. That is, the signal of the pressure gauge 5a regulates the regulatir;g valves 7a and 20 which are close to .he bulkhead 2a through the regulator 14a to regulate the water flow volume in the feeding pipe 6a involving substantially no time lag.Further, as the second pressure gauge 22 causes the regulating valve 21 to be opened and closed through the regulator 23, the pressure of the water fed through the regulating valves 7a and 20 will be kept substantially constant. Further, as the diameter of the first bypass pipe 19 is much smaller than the diameter of the feeding pipe 6, the second regulating valve 20 will act more sensitively than the first regulating valve 7a to reduce the variations in the tunnel face hydraulic pressure remarkably smoothly. On the other hand, the pressure gauge 22, regulator 23 and regulating valve 21 serve to keep the pressure of the water passing through the regulating valves 7a and 20 substantially constant.
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, wherein a means for controlling the amount of water fed through the feeding pipe by means of the pump 8a is additionally employed. In the drawing, respective same parts as those in the foregoing embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 are identified by the same numerals accompanied by "b".
In this embodiment, a third bypass pipe 28 is provided in outlet port 27 of water feeding pump 8b, and an end of this bypass pipe 28 is opened above a reservoir tank 9b for the water to be fed and the mixture discharged. The water feeding pipe 6b is provided with a third pressure gauge 29 at a position close to the outlet port 27 of the pump 8b so that an actual feed pressure indicating signal will be generated by the gauge 29 and transmitted to a third regulator 30 connected to the gauge 29.This regulator 30 has a predetermined feeding water pressure value as set therein and, upon an occurrence of any difference between the feed pressure and the predetermined pressure, generates a signal denoting the difference, which signal is given to a fifth regulating valve 31 provided in the bypass pipe 28 so as to open and close this regulating valve 31, so that the feeding water volume in the feeding pipe 6b will be increased or decreased to keep the water pressure in the feeding pipe 6b at the predetermined feeding pressure. In this case, the pump 8b is not required to be of a variable speed type.
In FIG. 4, there is shown a further embodiment of the present invention wherein respective parts identical to those in the embodiment of FIG. 2 are referred to with the same numerals accompanying a letter "c". In the present embodiment, the regulating valve 21 in the embodiment of
FIG. 2 is omitted but, instead, the similar signal produced by the second regulator 23c, that is, the signal denoting the difference between the predetermined pressure in the regulator 23c and the actual feed pressure measured by the gauge 22c is given to a variable speed mechanism 32 associated with the pump 8c to increase or decrease the number of revolutions of the pump, control the amount of the water fed by the pump 8c and control the water pressure in the water feeding pipe 6c.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. In combination with a hydraulic tunnel boring system having a shield type boring excavator including a hydraulic pressure chamber defined between a rotary cutter head and a bulkhead, said chamber in use being fed with a hydraulic material through a feeding pipe and a mixture of said material and ground excavated by said cutter head being discharged through a discharging pipe, an apparatus for automatically controlling tunnel face hydraulic pressure in the chamber, which comprises a pressure gauge for measuring the tunnel face hydraulic pressure in the chamber, a regulating valve in the feeding pipe at a position adjacent the bulkhead, and a regulator connected to said pressure gauge and regulating valve for controlling the regulating valve in response to differences between the actual feeding pressure measured by the gauge and a predetermined pressure set by the regulator.
2. The combination as claimed in claim I which further comprises a pump in said feeding pipe for feeding the hydraulic material to the hydraulic chamber, and a second regulator connected to said pressure gauge and feeding pump for controlling the pump in response to differences between the actual feeding pressure and a predetermined pressure set by the second regulator.
3. The combination as claimed in claim 1 which further comprises, a bypass pipe bypassing the feeding pipe across said regulating valve, and a second regulating valve in said bypass pipe, the first regulator controlling said second regulating valve in response to said differences and also controlling the first regulating valve through a switch inserted between the first regulator and first regulating valve.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (7)
1. In combination with a hydraulic tunnel boring system having a shield type boring excavator including a hydraulic pressure chamber defined between a rotary cutter head and a bulkhead, said chamber in use being fed with a hydraulic material through a feeding pipe and a mixture of said material and ground excavated by said cutter head being discharged through a discharging pipe, an apparatus for automatically controlling tunnel face hydraulic pressure in the chamber, which comprises a pressure gauge for measuring the tunnel face hydraulic pressure in the chamber, a regulating valve in the feeding pipe at a position adjacent the bulkhead, and a regulator connected to said pressure gauge and regulating valve for controlling the regulating valve in response to differences between the actual feeding pressure measured by the gauge and a predetermined pressure set by the regulator.
2. The combination as claimed in claim I which further comprises a pump in said feeding pipe for feeding the hydraulic material to the hydraulic chamber, and a second regulator connected to said pressure gauge and feeding pump for controlling the pump in response to differences between the actual feeding pressure and a predetermined pressure set by the second regulator.
3. The combination as claimed in claim 1 which further comprises, a bypass pipe bypassing the feeding pipe across said regulating valve, and a second regulating valve in said bypass pipe, the first regulator controlling said second regulating valve in response to said differences and also controlling the first regulating valve through a switch inserted between the first regulator and first regulating valve.
4. The combination as claimed in claim 1
which further comprises a second pressure gauge in said feeding pipe, a third regulating valve in the feed pipe between said second pressure gauge and a hydraulic material feeding pump, and a third regulator connected between said second pressure gauge and the third regulating valve for controllably operating the third regulating valve in response to differences between an actual feeding pressure measured by the second pressure gauge and a predetermined pressure set by the third regulator.
5. The combination as claimed in claim 4 which further comprises a second bypass pipe by-passing the feeding pipe between a hydraulic material reservoir and the outlet side of the feeding pump, a fourth regulating valve in said second bypass pipe, a third pressure gauge in the feeding pupe adjacently downstream of the feeding pump, and a fourth regulator connected to said fourth regulating valve and third pressure gauge for controllably operating the fourth regulating valve in response to differences between an actual feeding pressure measured by the third pressure gauge and a predetermined pressure set by the fourth regulator.
6. The combination as claimed in claim 4 which further comprises a variable speed mechanism connected to said feeding pump for varying the hydraulic material feeding rate of the pump, said mechanism being controlled by said fourth regulator.
7. In combination with a hydraulic tunnel boring system an apparatus for automatically controlling tunnel face hydraulic pressure substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3720176A JPS52120528A (en) | 1976-04-05 | 1976-04-05 | Automatic controller of facing water pressure |
| JP10682076A JPS5332932A (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1976-09-08 | Automatic controller of facing water pressure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1573946A true GB1573946A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
Family
ID=26376313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5124/77A Expired GB1573946A (en) | 1976-04-05 | 1977-02-08 | Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2705580C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2347719A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1573946A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL179939C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0042993A1 (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha Iseki Kaihatsu Koki | Shield tunneling method and machine therefor |
| EP1281835A1 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-05 | NFM Technologies | Tunnel boring machine |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2497268B1 (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1983-07-29 | Iseki Kaihatsu Koki | METHOD AND MACHINE FOR DRILLING TUNNELS USING A HYDRAULIC BLOCKS |
| FR2548729B1 (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-10-18 | Tekken Constr Co | EXCAVATION CONTROL APPARATUS FOR DRILLING TUNNELS BY HYDRAULIC SHIELD |
| DE3437996A1 (en) * | 1984-10-17 | 1986-04-24 | Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart | Driving shield with fluid support |
| FR2585067B1 (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-12-11 | Gtm Ets Sa | LARGE DEPTH OF UNDERGROUND GALLERY SHIELD |
| DE3533425C1 (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1986-10-30 | Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen | Support fluid pressure control for a shield tunneling machine |
| DE3676184D1 (en) * | 1986-01-09 | 1991-01-24 | Wayss & Freytag Ag | EARTH SHIELD. |
| DE3622276A1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-01-07 | Bilfinger Berger Bau | Method and device for carrying out shield tunnelling while maintaining pressure in the working excavation (district) in particular for the purpose of erecting tunnel works |
| ATA181587A (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1995-04-15 | Voest Alpine Bergtechnik | METHOD FOR TUNNEL DRIVING AND SHIELD DRIVING MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
| FR2679959B1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-11-19 | Gtm Btp | METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE PRESSURE IN THE UPSTREAM PART OF AN EARTH PRESSURE TUNNEL, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD. |
| FR2764331B1 (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1999-08-20 | Nfm Tech | TUNNEL EXCAVATION MACHINE |
-
1977
- 1977-02-08 GB GB5124/77A patent/GB1573946A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-10 DE DE2705580A patent/DE2705580C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-03 FR FR7706244A patent/FR2347719A1/en active Granted
- 1977-03-11 NL NLAANVRAGE7702687,A patent/NL179939C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0042993A1 (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha Iseki Kaihatsu Koki | Shield tunneling method and machine therefor |
| EP1281835A1 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-05 | NFM Technologies | Tunnel boring machine |
| FR2828233A1 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-07 | Nfm Tech | TUNNEL EXCAVATION MACHINE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL179939C (en) | 1986-12-01 |
| DE2705580C3 (en) | 1980-01-03 |
| FR2347719B1 (en) | 1981-06-19 |
| DE2705580B2 (en) | 1979-05-03 |
| NL179939B (en) | 1986-07-01 |
| FR2347719A1 (en) | 1977-11-04 |
| NL7702687A (en) | 1977-10-07 |
| DE2705580A1 (en) | 1977-10-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19970207 |