EP0292780A1 - Elektrischer Draht - Google Patents

Elektrischer Draht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0292780A1
EP0292780A1 EP88107511A EP88107511A EP0292780A1 EP 0292780 A1 EP0292780 A1 EP 0292780A1 EP 88107511 A EP88107511 A EP 88107511A EP 88107511 A EP88107511 A EP 88107511A EP 0292780 A1 EP0292780 A1 EP 0292780A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric wire
accordance
film
gel film
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88107511A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0292780B1 (de
Inventor
Sinji Osaka Works Inazawa
Kazuo Osaka Works Sawada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OFFERTA DI LICENZA AL PUBBLICO
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority to AT88107511T priority Critical patent/ATE58447T1/de
Publication of EP0292780A1 publication Critical patent/EP0292780A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0292780B1 publication Critical patent/EP0292780B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/065—Insulating conductors with lacquers or enamels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/10—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances metallic oxides
    • H01B3/105—Wires with oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric wire, and more particularly, it relates to an electric wire which is applied to an electric wire requiring fire resistance and heat resistance such as a magnet wire or a wire employed in the vicinity of a nuclear reactor, or a special wire or cable requiring corrosion resistance.
  • the aforementioned electric wire requiring heat resistance or corrosion resistance is generally prepared by a covered conductor, which is coated with organic material.
  • an organic coating film is insufficient in long-term stability, heat resistance, chemical durability and the like.
  • a conductor coated with a compound of metal or metalloid which is different from the material for the conductor, in order to attain heat resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • National Patent Publication Gazette No. 501783/1985 in the name of Raychem Inc. published in Japan on October 17, 1985, discloses a conductor which is coated with an oxide or a nitride by vacuum deposition, in order to provide heat resistance to an electric wire to be utilized under a high temperature.
  • a compound for forming such coating is prepared by an oxide or a nitride of aluminum, silicon etc. Since such oxide is excellent in heat resistance and corrosion resistance, an electric wire coated with the oxide can be provided with high heat resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • Such a ceramic film is formed by:
  • an oxide of ceramics such as Al2O3 or SiO2 is excellent in heat resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • an oxide formed by vacuum deposition is rather insufficient in adhesion to the material, such as copper, for a conductor. Therefore, when an electric wire coated with an oxide is used under corrosive environment over a long period of time, for example, the oxide film may partially peel off from the copper surface, to result in corrosion from the exposed portion.
  • the vapor phase thin film growth method such as vacuum deposition is employed as a method of forming an oxide film on the surface of a conductor.
  • a film obtained by vacuum deposition or the like may be inferior in flexibility. Therefore, when a wire coated with an oxide by vacuum deposition is used in a bended state, for example, the oxide film may be broken by stress applied to the surface of the conductor, to result in corrosion from the broken portion.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an electric wire which effectuates excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance over a long period of time, by forming a film having excellent adhesion and flexibility.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric wire which can be industrially obtained by simple means in a step of coating an elongated wire conductor.
  • An electric wire in accordance with the present invention comprises a conductor and a gel film formed by applying a solution obtained by hydrolyzing and dehydrating/condensing alkoxide onto an outer part of the conductor and leaving the same.
  • the gel film contributing to heat resistance which is formed by a sol-gel method in the present invention, is excellent in flexibility and adhesion since the same is left not to be completely changed into a ceramic state but to remain in a gel state.
  • This gel film is changed into a ceramic state by heating, to be improved in heat resistance.
  • the gel film is formed as a main heat resisting layer in the present invention.
  • the conductor is preferably left in an atmosphere being at a temperature not less than 25°C, not more than 400°C, in order to form the gel film as a main heat resisting layer.
  • the conductor surface is preferably plated with Ni or Cr for attaining oxidation resistance, before the same is coated with the solution and left in the aforementioned manner.
  • the gel film Upon heating, the gel film is considerably shrunk to be reduced in thickness. Such shrinkage of the film may result in inferior durability of insulation. While a conductor subjected to low voltage may be simply coated with a gel film alone, a problem is caused in durability of insulation when such a simple coated wire is applied to a power cable. Therefore, particulates of a metal oxide, a metal nitride or a metal boride are preferably dispersed/mixed in the gel film as ceramic filler for suppressing shrinkage of the gel film.
  • an adhesion layer may be provided between the gel film and the conductor, or between the gel film and a plating layer formed on the surface of the conductor.
  • the adhesion layer may be prepared by a film completely changed into a ceramic state by applying a solution obtained by hydrolyzing and dehydrating/condensing alkoxide and thereafter heating the same.
  • the adhesion layer may be prepared by a ceramic layer formed by CVD, on the basis of such a viewpoint of the inventors that a layer formed by CVD is larger in adhesion to a substrate than a gel film.
  • the inventive wire may be provided with an outermost layer of organic material, in order to improve slipperiness in winding and durability of insulation under the room temperature.
  • the particulates of a metal oxide etc. may be dispersed/mixed in the organic material layer to improve durability of insulation.
  • the organic material layer may be formed from a solution of organic material, added to which is a solution obtained by hydrolyzing and dehydrating/condensing alkoxide with addition of tetraalkylammonium halide to be mixable into the solution of organic material, in order to improve heat resistance.
  • a gel film in accordance with the present invention may be formed as a multilayer film having two or more layers, in order to improve heat resistance, corrosion resistance and durability of insulation.
  • alkoxide may be hydrolyzed by moisture contained in the atmospheric air, without directly adding water to an alkoxide solution.
  • Figs. 1A to 1D are sectional views showing electric wires in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 1A shows an electric wire, which comprises a conductor 1 of copper etc. coated with a gel film 2 of one or more layers.
  • Fig. 1B shows an electric wire which comprises a conductor 1, a plating layer 3 of Ni or Cr formed on the surface thereof, a gel film 2 covering the plating layer 3 and a covering layer 6 of organic material.
  • Fig. 1C shows an electric wire which has a gel film 2 and a ceramic film 4 formed under the gel film 2 by CVD to serve as an adhesion layer.
  • Fig. 1D shows an electric wire which has a ceramic film 5 formed by a starting raw material of alkoxide, to serve as an adhesion layer. This ceramic film 5 is formed by applying a solution obtained by hydrolyzing and dehydrating/condensing metal alkoxide and thereafter heating the same.
  • Samples for a heat resistance test of the aforementioned electric wires embodying the present invention were prepared as follows: Each of coating solutions 1 to 6, being prepared by the following methods, was applied onto a copper wire of 2.0 mm ⁇ in diameter by a dipping method at a lift-up speed of 1.0 m/min., to form a multilayer film on the copper wire.
  • Tetrabutylorthosilicate [Si(OC4H9)4], isopropyl alcohol [C3H7OH] and water [H2O] were mixed in the mole ratio 10:50:40 to obtain a solution, to which nitric acid was added by 1/100 mol of tetrabutylorthosilicate. Then the solution was stirred at a temperature of 80°C for 100 minutes, and thereafter returned to the room temperature.
  • Tetraethylorthosilicate [Si(OC2H5)4], ethyl alcohol [C2H5OH] and water [H2O] were mixed in the mole ratio 3:60:37 to obtain a solution, to which nitric acid was added by 1/100 mol of tetraethylorthosilicate. Then the solution was stirred at a temperature of 70°C for 100 minutes, and thereafter returned to the room temperature.
  • Tetrabutylorthosilicate [Si(OC4H9)4], isopropyl alcohol [C3H7OH] and water [H2O] were mixed in the mole ratio 20:60:20 to obtain a solution, to which nitric acid was added by 1/100 mol of tetrabutylorthosilicate. Then the solution was stirred at a temperature of 80°C for 200 minutes, and thereafter returned to the room temperature.
  • Tetrabutylorthosilicate [Si(OC4H9)4], isopropyl alcohol [C3H7OH] and water [H2O] were mixed in the mole ratio 10:50:40 to obtain a solution of 100 g, to which silicagel by Wako Junyaku (WAKOGEL, C-100) of 30 g was previously added. Then nitric acid was added by 1/100 mol of tetrabutylorthosilicate, and the solution was stirred at a temperature of 80°C for 100 minutes, and thereafter returned to the room temperature.
  • Tetrabutylorthosilicate [Si(OC4H9)4], isopropyl alcohol [C3H7OH] and water [H2O] were mixed in the mole ratio 10:50:40 to obtain a solution, to which nitric acid was added by 1/100 mol of tetrabutylorthosilicate. Then the solution was stirred at a temperature of 80°C for 100 minutes and thereafter returned to the room temperature. Tetrabutylammonium bromide [(C4H9)4N+Br ⁇ ] of 20 g was added to the solution of 100 g and stirred with addition of chloroform [CHCl3], to perform extraction.
  • This extract was decompressed/dried by an evaporator to remove the solvent, thereby to obtain a pale yellow consistent solution [SiO2 polymer].
  • This SiO2 polymer was mixed into 10 ml of a p-xylene 30% solution of polyimide, which was then stirred under the room temperature.
  • samples A, B, C, D, E and F were obtained by copper wires having multilayer coating films at least including gel films, as shown in Tables 1 to 6.
  • Insulation Test As shown in Fig. 2, two samples 7a and 7b were brought into contact with each other to be heated by a heater 12 at a prescribed temperature for 30 minutes with application of voltage of 50 V, thereby to confirm insulating performance.
  • Vibration Test In the insulation test, a motor 15 as shown in Fig. 2 was rotated with a dead weight 16 of 5 g, to apply vibration.
  • numerals 7a and 7b indicate the samples
  • numeral 8 indicates a quartz plate on which the samples 7a and 7b are placed to be in contact with each other
  • numeral 9 indicates a quartz pipe for storing the samples 7a and 7b placed on the quartz plate 8, having an end sealed by a closure 10 of silicon rubber and another end blocked by a glass wool member 11.
  • a heater 12 prepared by a tube furnace is provided around the quartz pipe 9, in order to heat the samples 7a and 7b.
  • a thermocouple 13 is inserted into the quartz pipe 9 through the closure 10, in order to measure the temperatures of the samples 7a and 7b.
  • Numerals 14a and 14b indicate lead wires, which are connected to the samples 7a and 7b respectively, to be linked to electrodes for the insulation test.
  • the motor 15 is provided on an end of the quartz plate 8 outwardly extending from the quartz pipe 9 through the glass 9 wool member 11, in order to apply vibration to the samples 7a and 7b.
  • the dead weight 16 of 5 g is mounted on the shaft of the motor 15, which is rotated to vibrate the quartz plate 8, thereby to transfer the vibration to the samples 7a and 7b.
  • a support 17 is provided in order to support the quartz plate 8.
  • Table 7 shows the results of such a heat resistance test with characteristics of the respective samples under the room temperature.
  • x mmd shows the value of a diameter which caused no abnormality in the coated layer when the copper wire of each sample was wound on a rod of x mm in diameter in a bending test.
  • Table 7 also shows voltage resistance (V).
  • Table 7 further shows results of insulation-sustainable temperature (°C) and vibration-proof temperature (°C).
  • the "insulation-sustainable temperature” indicates the maximum temperature capable of sustaining insulating performance and the "vibration-proof temperature” indicates the maximum temperature capable of sustaining insulating performance against the vibration applied in the aforementioned manner.
  • the electric wire in accordance with the present invention is excellent in flexibility and its insulating performance can be maintained under a high temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
EP88107511A 1987-05-12 1988-05-10 Elektrischer Draht Expired - Lifetime EP0292780B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88107511T ATE58447T1 (de) 1987-05-12 1988-05-10 Elektrischer draht.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62115576A JPS63281313A (ja) 1987-05-12 1987-05-12 耐熱電線
JP115576/87 1987-05-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0292780A1 true EP0292780A1 (de) 1988-11-30
EP0292780B1 EP0292780B1 (de) 1990-11-14

Family

ID=14665994

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88107511A Expired - Lifetime EP0292780B1 (de) 1987-05-12 1988-05-10 Elektrischer Draht

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0292780B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63281313A (de)
AT (1) ATE58447T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1298744C (de)
DE (1) DE3861058D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2019430B3 (de)
GR (1) GR3001461T3 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0410003A1 (de) * 1989-02-14 1991-01-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Isolierte drahtlitze
EP0416131A1 (de) * 1989-03-28 1991-03-13 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Isolierte elektrische litze
EP0435154A1 (de) * 1989-12-28 1991-07-03 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Verfahren zum Herstellen von mineralisch isoliertem Draht
EP0460238A1 (de) * 1989-12-27 1991-12-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Isolierter draht
EP0461267A1 (de) * 1989-12-28 1991-12-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Anorganisches isolierungsherstellungsverfahren
EP0494424A1 (de) * 1991-01-10 1992-07-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Limited Anorganische Isolierung
US5336851A (en) * 1989-12-27 1994-08-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Insulated electrical conductor wire having a high operating temperature
FR2709592A1 (fr) * 1993-09-02 1995-03-10 Pirelli Cables Câble résistant aux agressions chimiques.
US5436409A (en) * 1991-01-10 1995-07-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Electrical conductor member such as a wire with an inorganic insulating coating
EP0729157A1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Elektrisches Leiterelement wie ein Draht mit anorganischen Isolierbeschichtung
DE102008039326A1 (de) 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 IWT Stiftung Institut für Werkstofftechnik Verfahren zum elektrischen Isolieren von Elektroblech, elektrisch isoliertes Elektroblech, lamellierter magnetischer Kern mit dem Elektroblech und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines lamellierten magnetischen Kerns
DE102010054595B4 (de) * 2009-12-18 2014-02-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Elektrisch isolierende Beschichtung und Verfahren zum Bilden einer elektrisch isolierenden Beschichtung

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6605674B1 (en) 2000-06-29 2003-08-12 Ondeo Nalco Company Structurally-modified polymer flocculants
JP2006100168A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Totoku Electric Co Ltd 耐熱マグネットワイヤおよびその製造方法
CN102938276B (zh) * 2012-11-19 2015-08-12 四川明星电缆股份有限公司 一种安全型耐火中高压电缆制造方法
CN102938275B (zh) * 2012-11-19 2015-08-12 四川明星电缆股份有限公司 一种耐火中高压电缆制造方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170441A1 (de) * 1984-07-08 1986-02-05 Raychem Limited Elektrische Drähte und Kabel
EP0188369A2 (de) * 1985-01-14 1986-07-23 Raychem Limited Feuerfester beschichteter Gegenstand
EP0188370A2 (de) * 1985-01-14 1986-07-23 Raychem Limited Elektrischer Draht mit feuerfester Beschichtung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170441A1 (de) * 1984-07-08 1986-02-05 Raychem Limited Elektrische Drähte und Kabel
EP0188369A2 (de) * 1985-01-14 1986-07-23 Raychem Limited Feuerfester beschichteter Gegenstand
EP0188370A2 (de) * 1985-01-14 1986-07-23 Raychem Limited Elektrischer Draht mit feuerfester Beschichtung

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0410003A1 (de) * 1989-02-14 1991-01-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Isolierte drahtlitze
EP0410003A4 (en) * 1989-02-14 1992-11-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd Insulated electric wire
EP0416131A4 (en) * 1989-03-28 1992-11-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Insulated electric wire
EP0416131A1 (de) * 1989-03-28 1991-03-13 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Isolierte elektrische litze
US5336851A (en) * 1989-12-27 1994-08-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Insulated electrical conductor wire having a high operating temperature
EP0460238A1 (de) * 1989-12-27 1991-12-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Isolierter draht
EP0460238A4 (en) * 1989-12-27 1992-11-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries Insulated wire
EP0461267A1 (de) * 1989-12-28 1991-12-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Anorganisches isolierungsherstellungsverfahren
EP0461267A4 (en) * 1989-12-28 1992-11-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of manufacturing inorganic insulator
EP0435154A1 (de) * 1989-12-28 1991-07-03 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Verfahren zum Herstellen von mineralisch isoliertem Draht
EP0494424A1 (de) * 1991-01-10 1992-07-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Limited Anorganische Isolierung
US5436409A (en) * 1991-01-10 1995-07-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Electrical conductor member such as a wire with an inorganic insulating coating
FR2709592A1 (fr) * 1993-09-02 1995-03-10 Pirelli Cables Câble résistant aux agressions chimiques.
EP0729157A1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Elektrisches Leiterelement wie ein Draht mit anorganischen Isolierbeschichtung
DE102008039326A1 (de) 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 IWT Stiftung Institut für Werkstofftechnik Verfahren zum elektrischen Isolieren von Elektroblech, elektrisch isoliertes Elektroblech, lamellierter magnetischer Kern mit dem Elektroblech und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines lamellierten magnetischen Kerns
DE102010054595B4 (de) * 2009-12-18 2014-02-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Elektrisch isolierende Beschichtung und Verfahren zum Bilden einer elektrisch isolierenden Beschichtung
US8802230B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-08-12 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Electrically-insulative coating, coating system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2019430B3 (es) 1991-06-16
JPS63281313A (ja) 1988-11-17
DE3861058D1 (de) 1990-12-20
ATE58447T1 (de) 1990-11-15
CA1298744C (en) 1992-04-14
GR3001461T3 (en) 1992-10-08
EP0292780B1 (de) 1990-11-14

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