EP0281575A1 - Produit de recurage et de nettoyage non nuisible a l'environnement. - Google Patents

Produit de recurage et de nettoyage non nuisible a l'environnement.

Info

Publication number
EP0281575A1
EP0281575A1 EP19870905270 EP87905270A EP0281575A1 EP 0281575 A1 EP0281575 A1 EP 0281575A1 EP 19870905270 EP19870905270 EP 19870905270 EP 87905270 A EP87905270 A EP 87905270A EP 0281575 A1 EP0281575 A1 EP 0281575A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
cleaning
scouring
powder
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19870905270
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0281575B1 (fr
Inventor
Ilona Susk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IPARI FEJLESZTESI BANK
Original Assignee
IPARI FEJLESZTESI BANK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IPARI FEJLESZTESI BANK filed Critical IPARI FEJLESZTESI BANK
Priority to AT87905270T priority Critical patent/ATE59678T1/de
Publication of EP0281575A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281575A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281575B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281575B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/20—Water-insoluble oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an environmentally friendly abrasive and cleaning agent suitable for many cleaning purposes, which can also be used for washing and rust removal.
  • the agent can be used to remove a wide variety of contaminants, such as oils, grease, soot, scale, rust, etc., from various surfaces - faience, enamel, porcelain, glass, metal, tiles, ceramics, stone, plastic.
  • Many methods and cleaning agents are known for cleaning hygienic and other household furnishings (wash basin, tub, lavatory, washing-up bowl, stove, refrigerator, etc.) with which the faience or enamel surface, metallic, chrome-plated surfaces can be treated.
  • the most common contaminants are scale deposits, greasy dust-like contaminants and metal oxides.
  • the powdered means all have essentially the same structure. They contain ground stone as the basic material and grinding material, so-called washing-active substances, hydrocarbon derivatives and water-soluble alkalis such as sodium hydroxide solution or soda as chemical active substances.
  • washing-active substances hydrocarbon derivatives
  • water-soluble alkalis such as sodium hydroxide solution or soda
  • a really satisfactory cleaning effect can only be achieved in a relatively narrow area of application, ie such an agent can either be used only as a detergent or only as a scouring powder in the bathroom; none of these agents is suitable for rust removal.
  • the above means are harmful to the environment, because the active washing components they contain are compounds that do not degrade and cause environmental damage in natural waters.
  • the aim of the invention was to provide a cleaning and scouring powder which consists of a single component and (without active ingredients and auxiliaries) develops its action solely on the basis of the specific properties of this component.
  • the scouring, cleaning and cleaning powder should clean effectively, be suitable for numerous applications, cause no scratches, be environmentally friendly; it should be able to be produced from a waste material in an energy-saving manner.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a fine, dry regrind made of synthetically produced glass, in particular the glass material of bottles and preserving jars (preserving jars), with a grain size of 0.01-0.30 mm, in the case for the purposes mentioned above fine distribution 0.01-0.1 mm, in continuous or discontinuous grain size distribution, is ideally suited.
  • This glass is a complex complex of metal and alkali metal silicates, with mononuclear and polynuclear - and 4 oxo anions and giants molecules of lattice or chain structure.
  • This silicate complex arises during glass production in the form of an amorphous substance not containing crystalline quartz.
  • This end product glass has to be physically - by grinding - a dusty one Product is crushed so that it can be used as a scouring and cleaning agent. For this purpose it is not indifferent what kind of glass the powder is made from.
  • the glass composition used for bottles and preserving jars is particularly suitable.
  • the main criterion is that the alkali metal oxides (Na 2 O, K 2 O) should be present in the glass in a relatively large amount (about 10%), furthermore that the glass should be lead-free, ie must not contain lead oxide (PbO), because lead compounds are toxic. For this reason, the types of glass lead crystal and semi-crystal are not suitable. Also other toxic substances may not be present in the regrind. In order to be able to comply with this condition with certainty, it is advisable to use only the waste that arises in the manufacture of glasses and bottles intended for the food industry. A ball mill is expediently used for grinding the bottles and cullet.
  • the mechanical action the comminution in a wet medium, releases thermal forces from the material, which bring the material into a magnetically and chemically activated state.
  • the activation which acts like a heat treatment, simultaneously destroys the bacteria that may be present in the material. It is characteristic of the mechanochemical activation, for example, that the water-insoluble silicon dioxide is water-soluble after activation.
  • the approximately 20% water content must be removed from the regrind. Drying can be done simply by leaving it in the air, but it is also possible to use a drying device.
  • the device is intended to keep the material in motion, its heating medium must not melt the alkalis bound to the surface of the particles, the alkaline substances in the suspension which have dissolved must not escape with the steam.
  • Suitable devices are for For example, the externally heated rotating drum used to dry one of the basic materials used in glass production, dolomite, and the so-called atomizer, which is used to spray dry fine ceramic powders.
  • the cleaning effect of the cleaning and scouring agent according to the invention is based on a completely new physico-chemical law, which results from the fact that the glass is finely ground; in this state it has properties that differ from those of compact glass as well as from quartz powder and result from the structure of the substance.
  • the glass consists of a Si atom in the middle, structural units containing (common) oxygen atoms at the tips of the tetrahedron, which form a three-dimensional structure, a space network made of tetrahedra (e.g.
  • the polysilicate molecules and different ones in the irregularly shaped ones
  • Large gaps in the space lattice are individual metal atoms, especially sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe), the composition, expressed in
  • Oxides - can be specified as follows: SiO 2 73%, Na 2 O 12%, K 2 O 0.5%, CaO 8.5%, MgO 3.0%, Al 2 O 3 1.5%, Fe 2 O 3 0.3%.
  • these sodium and potassium ions which are partly fixed to the particle and partly detached from the particle, split the water, forming hydrogen and sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the amounts formed are, of course, small, and some molecules of lye may form on the surface of a glass particle. But that is completely sufficient to tear off the contaminants that come into contact with the particle from their base during cleaning. This is also the case if the lye molecules remain bound to the particle, because they also participate in the cleaning process in this form.
  • C al ci umca rbonat is also contained in the aqueous medium that comes into contact with the glass powder and is deposited in the form of scale on the surfaces of the bathroom furnishings. Since the sodium or potassium ions bound to or detached from the particles have a greater affinity than calcium, they take its place (see also ion exchange), whereby potassium carbonate (potash, K 2 CO 3 ) or sodium carbonate ( Soda, Na 2 CO 3 ) form. The fastest and most extensive process for the formation of potash and soda is when carbon dioxide acts from the air. This can be during the wet grinding and also during the drying of the F a 11. It is extremely important for this to dry out the glass powder completely after manufacture and before consumption. nen. A glass powder with residues of grinding moisture is not functional, its cleaning power cannot be compared with that of the dried powder.
  • the cleaning powder according to the invention can also be used for rust removal.
  • oxides on metal surfaces are quickly removed.
  • the complex ions are present in the aqueous suspension of the glass powder like in an electrolyte, they form local elements with the rust and thus exert a reducing effect. It is generally known that the complex compounds are excellent reducing agents or metal cleaning agents.
  • the reduction or rust removal process in the present F a 11 is as follows:
  • the contaminants usually contain grease.
  • the sodium hydroxide solution that forms a certain amount of soap can even be expected.
  • the compounds formed in the manner described make the suspension of the glass powder in water Strongly alkaline (pH around 11 in the case of a 1: 1 soak, which increases the degree of dissociation, certain impurities can be hydrolyzed and the liquid gains the properties of an electrolyte. These factors are very important for the cleaning effect.
  • the water-soluble alkali compounds are present in a concentration of a few m / m%, but only a negligible part, namely about 1%, is in solution. Most of the alkali compounds are on the surface of the particles fixed and take part in a so-called hydration cover in the cleaning process.
  • These so-called surface-active substances reduce the interfacial tension between water and contaminants due to their hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecular parts and thereby improve wettability, they lead to an increased adsorption of the hydroxide ions on the surface of the contaminants, and thereby occurs between the carrier surface (e.g. the surface to be cleaned Surface of a wash bowl) and the dirt layer due to the monomolecular layer that forms an electrostatic repulsion that separates the two layers from one another.
  • the surface and dirt layer now have the same charge sign and repel each other because they are both hydrophilic. The contamination is loosened, detached and removed, supported by mechanical processing.
  • complex anions such as water glass, silica gel, silica gel with hydroxide, or occasionally hydroxonium ligands are present as surface-active substances, which could be addressed as anionic, rather than ampholytic, washing-active substances.
  • These connections cannot be detected with standardized alcoholic extraction because they are insoluble in alcohol. However, they can be precipitated from the aqueous suspension with acid.
  • the amount of these washing-active substances in the scouring powder according to the invention is different and is some, but at least 4-5 m / m%.
  • Metasilicic acid H 2 SiO 3
  • the hardness of the individual particles which can be attributed to the structural stability of the structure-forming tetrahedron molecules and the hardness of the silicon ions, is likewise decisive for the properties of the cleaning agent according to the invention.
  • the hardness is lower than the Brinell hardness 7, which the quartz crystal (SiO 2 ) has, or the hardness of the silicon, which is also 7 on the Mohs hardness scale.
  • this is to be understood to mean that a layer of water forms between the particle of the cleaning agent and the particle of the contaminant during wetting, which causes adhesion between the two particles, by means of which the contaminant is torn off its surface. and then sticks to the glass particle.
  • the very small (up to 10 ⁇ m) glass particles are twice unstable, firstly as glass and secondly as an amorphous substance (fractions of approximately one micron).
  • the latter can be related to the paramagnetism that arises during grinding and that the glass powder actually has. This is shown by the fact that the powder is attracted to magnets, does not fall off a strong ferromagnet, for example, or only through the effect of the greater adhesion of the water. From the double instability, however, it follows that the very small particles have excellent adsorption properties and, for example, easily bind gases, solutes, dust particles of the same order of magnitude.
  • Silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) and silica gel (H 2 SiO 3 ) are known to be excellent adsorbents.
  • glass powder this can be explained by the fact that on the surfaces of the glass particles the binding forces of the ions are not fully compensated, but are even in an excited state due to the paramagnetism that arises during grinding activation.
  • the above-mentioned high adsorption capacity of the small particles also has a disadvantage, namely that they also act on one another and this tends to agglomerate (lump formation, caking). In the specified size range, this tendency to form lumps - especially in the case of paramagnetic excitation - becomes greater when the pressure is high, the material is concentrated, the temperature rises or water is present.
  • the usual auxiliary devices such as brushes, hard sponges, rags etc. are used for scrubbing. Finally, the scrubbed surface is washed off with plenty of water. With repeated use, stubborn dirt can also be removed.
  • the agent is not suitable for removing coherent, thick layers of rust. No foam development occurs when the agent according to the invention is used.
  • the scouring and cleaning powder according to the invention has the following main advantages: a) it has all the properties which are of importance for the cleaning mechanism, such as reducing the surface tension, content or formation of detersive or surface-active substances and water-soluble alkalis, and also with regard to hardness and particle shape cheap, because the surface of enamel is practically not scratched; b) made from natural substances (raw materials for glass production: limestone, quartz sand, metal oxides, soda) it can easily be returned to nature (natural glasses or glass precursors: pearlite, obsidian, zeolite), is environmentally friendly and does not contaminate natural waters; c) it can be stored indefinitely and does not change its quality in the process (however, large quantities should not be stacked on top of one another due to the pressure that arises); d) the manufacturing technology is much simpler and cheaper compared to the production of the known similar products, it is: realizable with less energy and low investment; e) a great advantage is that the manufacturer waste materials are used.
  • the greasy-dirty ring that remains in the bathtub after draining the water at the level of the previous water is slightly moistened.
  • a quantity of the scouring powder according to the invention corresponding to a coffee spoon, is placed on a wet sponge, thus rubbing the contamination, again moistening with a little lukewarm water. After a short time and without any special effort, the tub is clean. Finally, the tub is rinsed with plenty of water.
  • Kesselstein (W.asserstein) easily settles in the drainage part of the toilet bowl.
  • the powder according to the invention and some commercially available products for this purpose are used for cleaning.
  • the easiest way to remove the approximately 0.5 mm thick scale layer is by rubbing with the scouring powder according to the invention.
  • the other cleaning agents were far less effective: 2. Caola-bip, 3. tub light, 4. Hyperdol, 5. Ultra washing-up powder.
  • the gas heater On a tiled wall, the gas heater has left an even coating of smoke. 1 m 2 of the large, contiguous area is always treated. The surface is moistened with a sponge. Then a small spoonful of powder is sprinkled on the sponge, spread thinly so that the moisture of the sponge is absorbed into the powder, and then the surface, which is also damp, is rubbed. The tiles regain their former light color. Then it is washed with the wet sponge and finally rubbed dry with a dry, absorbent, soft cloth. The entire area is described by the square meter cleaned way.
  • a floor lined with Mettlachi (Mettlachi: 10x10 cm hard ceramic plates, floor tiles for kitchen, bathroom, balcony) is cleaned from the usual dust and grease contaminants with the scouring powder according to the invention.
  • the floor is hydrophobic in several places, i.e. water-repellent, which previously made cleaning difficult because the floor was not wetted in these places.
  • the water immediately jumps to spots on the surface wetted with water.
  • a little of the scouring powder according to the invention is sprinkled on the hydrophobic areas, and then the surface is rubbed with the rag (so that it does not contain too much water).
  • the previously hydrophobic areas of the floor are also well wetted.
  • Example 5 The door panels of a kitchen cabinet covered with plastic are cleaned with the scouring powder according to the invention from adhering food residues, fingerprints and other traces. The procedure is as described in the previous examples. The surfaces can be cleaned quickly and easily.
  • Example 6 The procedure is as described in the previous examples. The surfaces can be cleaned quickly and easily.
  • a floor covering (kitchen) made of PVC is cleaned with the agent according to the invention from the usual contaminants occurring in the kitchen. Warm water is used for wiping. After prewetting and sprinkling with a little abrasive powder, the floor is rubbed with the wrung-out abrasive rag, with larger impurities with a little more effort, then it is wiped up again with a little more water.
  • the floor is nice and clean and dries without staining.
  • Example 7 Kitchen utensils made of stainless steel and enamelled pots are cleaned with the cleaning agent according to the invention.
  • the contaminants are soot, grease and burned-on contaminants. Warm water and a root brush are used for cleaning.
  • the dirt burned onto the wall of the pots can also be removed relatively easily.
  • tests are also carried out in parallel with other known cleaning and washing-up agents. It can be stated that hyperdol has approximately the same effect as the scouring powder according to the invention and also the washing-off powder Ultra comes close to this effect, "tub light” has a somewhat weaker effect and the least effect of caolabip is exerted.
  • Example 8 Example 8
  • Test pieces of an oxidized copper plate are cleaned with the scouring powder according to the invention and for comparison also with known scouring powders.
  • Lukewarm water is used to wet the oxidized metal surface.
  • a quantity of the powder to be examined, which corresponds to the amount of water, is sprinkled on the wetted surface and rubbed on the surface with a finger.
  • the scouring agent according to the invention is by far the best. It is hardly necessary to rub, the oxide layer disappears completely and the copper regains its radiant color. The other powders have to be rubbed harder, but the result is not so obvious.
  • the second best is "bathtub light", which, despite great effort, does not completely clean the surface and is unable to give copper back its old shine.
  • the further order is: 3. Hyperdol, 4. Caola-bip, 5. Ultra washing-up powder. Ultra doesn't remove the oxide at all.
  • the scouring powder according to the invention leaves no scratch marks visible to the naked eye on the surface of the copper
  • Example 10 Test pieces made of rusty steel sheet are cleaned with the scouring powder according to the invention. The results are similar to those described in Example 8.
  • the scouring powder according to the invention is highly effective, the other agents are considerably less effective (Wannenlich Hyperdol) or ineffective (Caola-bip, washing-up powder Ultra).
  • the scouring agent according to the invention leaves no scratch marks on the steel surface.
  • An oxidized aluminum surface is cleaned with the scouring powder according to the invention and for comparison also with the known agents.
  • the powder according to the invention has proven itself best, the action of the other agents follows the sequence given in Example 8.
  • the agent according to the invention makes the aluminum surface radiant, bright, oxide-free and leaves no discernible traces.
  • the preceding examples show that the abrasive agent according to the invention is universally applicable and has an excellent effect in the case of the most varied of surfaces. It can be used with water of any temperature, although warm water is slightly cheaper.
  • the liquid containing the cleaning powder can be poured into open water, but also into the ground, because it does not contain any harmful substances. This sewage does not cause any additional pollution in the sewer system either.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Un produit de récurage et de nettoyage non nuisible à l'environnement et utile pour de nombreuses applications de nettoyage permet d'enlever les salissures les plus diverses, huiles, graisses, suie, tartre, rouille et ainsi de suite des surfaces les plus diverses, fayence, émail, porcelaine, verre, métal, carrelages, céramique, pierre, plastique. Ce nouveau produit à récurer contient une matière moulue fine et sèche de verre fabriqué synthétiquement, en particulier le verre utilisé pour des bouteilles et des pots de conserves, avec une composition granulométrique continue ou discontinue. La grosseur préférée des grains se situe entre 0,01 et 0,30 mm, de préférence entre 0,01 et 0,1 mm. Le produit à récurer peut contenir des additifs tels que désinfectants, aromatisants et colorants.
EP19870905270 1986-07-24 1987-07-23 Produit de recurage et de nettoyage non nuisible a l'environnement Expired - Lifetime EP0281575B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87905270T ATE59678T1 (de) 1986-07-24 1987-07-23 Umweltfreundliches scheuer- und putzmittel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU306586 1986-07-24
HU306586A HU195976B (en) 1986-07-24 1986-07-24 Environment-compatible scrubbing agent for cleaninenvironment-protekting scouring composition first of all for cleaning surfaces with rust, scale, fatg mainly rusty, scaly, greasy, sooty surface and for washing mould , soot, and for washing mould

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281575A1 true EP0281575A1 (fr) 1988-09-14
EP0281575B1 EP0281575B1 (fr) 1991-01-02

Family

ID=10962369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870905270 Expired - Lifetime EP0281575B1 (fr) 1986-07-24 1987-07-23 Produit de recurage et de nettoyage non nuisible a l'environnement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0281575B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01501157A (fr)
HU (1) HU195976B (fr)
WO (1) WO1988000613A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110756502A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2020-02-07 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 一种手表盖板的清洗方法
CN112969776A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2021-06-15 弗尔斯皮尔斯有限公司 方法和组合物

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TR200103637T2 (tr) * 1999-07-09 2002-04-22 Schott Glas Toksik olmayan mikrobiyosit temizleme maddesi
US20030087589A1 (en) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-08 Earthstone International Llc Foamed glass and ground glass surface or object treating agent, use therefor, and method of making same

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH185097A (de) * 1937-01-25 1936-07-15 Franz Dr Mueller Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallputzmittels.
DE752622C (de) * 1940-03-09 1951-08-23 Otto Hoehn K G Streufaehiges Metallputz- und -poliermittel, insbesondere fuer Herdplatten
JPS59217797A (ja) * 1983-05-24 1984-12-07 ライオン株式会社 懸濁安定性の良好な液体洗浄剤組成物

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8800613A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110756502A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2020-02-07 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 一种手表盖板的清洗方法
CN112969776A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2021-06-15 弗尔斯皮尔斯有限公司 方法和组合物

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUT44282A (en) 1988-02-29
EP0281575B1 (fr) 1991-01-02
JPH01501157A (ja) 1989-04-20
HU195976B (en) 1989-01-30
WO1988000613A1 (fr) 1988-01-28

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