EP0279873B1 - Déphaseur - Google Patents

Déphaseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0279873B1
EP0279873B1 EP87102471A EP87102471A EP0279873B1 EP 0279873 B1 EP0279873 B1 EP 0279873B1 EP 87102471 A EP87102471 A EP 87102471A EP 87102471 A EP87102471 A EP 87102471A EP 0279873 B1 EP0279873 B1 EP 0279873B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
ferromagnetic
rods
phase shifter
high frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87102471A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0279873A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Mörz
Erich Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Pivit
Sigmund Dipl.-Ing. Lenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Telecom GmbH
Original Assignee
ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH filed Critical ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Priority to EP87102471A priority Critical patent/EP0279873B1/fr
Priority to DE8787102471T priority patent/DE3782332D1/de
Priority to US07/156,798 priority patent/US4837528A/en
Priority to CA000559298A priority patent/CA1285326C/fr
Publication of EP0279873A1 publication Critical patent/EP0279873A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0279873B1 publication Critical patent/EP0279873B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/19—Phase-shifters using a ferromagnetic device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/30—Auxiliary devices for compensation of, or protection against, temperature or moisture effects ; for improving power handling capability

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a phase shifter, consisting of a waveguide, in which is arranged along at least one plane distributed in the direction of wave propagation and parallel to the high-frequency electrical field, which extends from one waveguide wall to the opposite and a static oriented parallel to the high-frequency electrical field Magnetic field is exposed.
  • page 225 discloses that such an arrangement, when operated in the range of small losses below or above the gyromagnetic resonance of the ferromagnetic material, acts as a reciprocal phase shifter.
  • Another ferrite phase shifter used in a phase striker circulator is known from DE-A-24 14 939.
  • the ferromagnetic material is in the form of parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide extending strips arranged on the inner sides of two opposing waveguide walls.
  • This ferrite phase shifter, on which DE - A - 24 14 939 is based, is designed with a certain material composition of the ferrite strips for the transmission of high-frequency signals with high pulse powers.
  • it is not suitable for the transmission of high-frequency fields with very high continuous power, since the heat loss generated due to the relatively high transmission loss (approx. 0.3 dB) can no longer be dissipated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a phase shifter of the type mentioned, which is suitable for operation with very high radio frequency power.
  • the inventive design of the ferromagnetic material in the phase shifter has a very high dielectric strength, which means that the phase shifter can be operated with extremely high power.
  • the design of the ferromagnetic material according to the invention also enables large amounts of heat to be dissipated, which protects the ferromagnetic material from thermal destruction. This applies primarily to a finely structured configuration of the ferromagnetic material, because then a particularly good heat transfer to the heat-dissipating material Dielectric is guaranteed.
  • the phase shifter circulator shown in FIG. 1 consists, in a manner known per se, of a magic T 1 designed in waveguide technology with two waveguide arms 2, 3 designed as a ferrite phase shifter and a 3dB coupler 4 connected to the two waveguide arms.
  • This phase shifter has the following mode of operation:
  • a high-frequency field fed in at the gate 1a of the magic T is divided into the same energy parts between the two gates 2a and 3a to which the ferrite phase shifters 2 and 3 are connected.
  • the ferrite phase shifters 2 and 3 are now magnetized so that the high-frequency fields passing through them have a mutual phase shift of 90 ° at the phase shifter outputs 2b and 3b.
  • the subsequent 3dB coupler 4 combines the two high-frequency fields present at the phase shifter outputs 2b and 3b at its output 4a, so that the high-frequency field fed in at gate 1a is completely available, if one disregards the losses in the arrangement.
  • a high-frequency field is applied to the gate 4a of the 3dB coupler 4, it appears to be divided into equal parts of energy at the two gates 2b and 3b, but with a mutual phase shift of 90 °. Due to the phase-shifting effect of the two phase shifters 2 and 3, the two high-frequency fields reach the gates 2a and 3a of the magic T in opposite phases. In the magic T 1, both high-frequency fields are superimposed, and the high-frequency field originally fed into the 3dB coupler 4 is finally at the gate 1b of the magic T available.
  • phase shifter circulator In order to be able to operate the phase shifter circulator just described, shown in FIG. 1, with very high power (approx. 100 kW to 2000 kW), the nature of the phase shifters and in particular the design of the ferromagnetic material located in the waveguides is very important at.
  • the ferromagnetic material in the waveguide 2 or 3 is shaped into a multiplicity of rods 5 which extend parallel to the narrow sides of the waveguide from one waveguide wall to the opposite. All ferromagnetic rods 5 are aligned parallel to the high-frequency electrical field propagating in the waveguide and to a static magnetic field applied from the outside.
  • the ferrite rods 5 are located at a distance from a narrow side of the waveguide, which corresponds to approximately 0.2 times the width of the waveguide. In a departure from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, such ferromagnetic rods can be arranged at the same distance in front of each of the two narrow waveguide sides.
  • the ferromagnetic rods are operated by applying a correspondingly high static magnetic field in the area above the gyromagnetic resonance.
  • the division of the ferromagnetic material into many individual rods 5 arranged at a distance from one another creates a large cooling surface, which provides extremely favorable conditions for dissipating the heat generated in the ferromagnetic rods 5.
  • a coolant flowing around the ferromagnetic rods 5 e.g. Air or another suitable gas or a dielectric liquid can easily dissipate very large amounts of heat.
  • the ferromagnetic rods 5 are surrounded individually or in groups by dielectric hollow cylinders which, like the ferromagnetic rods 5, extend over the entire waveguide height and are sealed on the inside of the waveguide walls .
  • a gas or liquid is admitted into this dielectric hollow cylinder 6 through openings 7 in a waveguide wall and discharged again through openings 8 in the opposite waveguide wall.
  • the magnet system which generates the static magnetic field for the ferromagnetic rods 5 consists of pole shoes 9 and 10 arranged on both waveguide walls above and below the rods 5, permanent magnets 11 and 12 lying thereon and a yoke 13 forming the magnetic yoke 13.
  • cooling liquid or cooling gas through the openings 7 or 8 can be introduced or discharged into the dielectric hollow cylinder 6 in the waveguide 2, the pole shoes 9 and 10 of the magnet system covering the openings 7 and 8 are provided with inflow and outflow channels 14, 15.
  • the openings 7 and 8 in the waveguide walls are dimensioned so that they are impermeable to the radio frequency field.
  • the ferromagnetic rods 5 are brought up to the pole shoes 9 and 10 through further openings 16 and 17 in the waveguide walls which are impermeable to the high-frequency field.
  • this provides a simple holder for the ferromagnetic rods 5, and on the other hand, the direct contact between the ferromagnetic rods 5 and the pole pieces 9, 10 keeps the magnetic contact resistance between the magnets 11, 12 and the ferromagnetic rods 5 low.
  • all ferromagnetic rods 5 can also be accommodated together in an elongated dielectric container 18 installed parallel to a narrow waveguide side, as is the case in the waveguide 3 (see Figure 1).
  • This can be achieved, for example, by the fact that, as stated in the waveguide 2, the number of ferromagnetic rods 5 present in a dielectric hollow cylinder 6 increases from hollow cylinder to hollow cylinder or that the distances between the ferromagnetic rods 5 to the interior of the waveguide become smaller, as is the case using the example of the waveguide 3 becomes clear.
  • the thickness of the ferromagnetic rods towards the interior of the waveguide could also be increased from rod to rod.
  • the dielectric container 18 has been tapered towards the waveguide outputs in the case of the waveguide 3.
  • the dielectric container 18 can be tapered either continuously or in steps.
  • the dielectric hollow cylinders 6 equipped with ferromagnetic rods 5 are arranged in waveguide 2 at a distance of approximately a quarter wavelength, the broad-band and low-reflection properties of the phase shifter result.
  • the ferromagnetic material of the phase shifter is shaped into rods 5.
  • an elongated ferromagnetic body 20 can be arranged in a waveguide 19 along at least one plane parallel to a waveguide narrow side, which is provided with through holes 21 running parallel to the static magnetic field. These through bores 21 continue in openings 22 and 23 in the waveguide walls in order to allow a cooling gas or a cooling liquid to pass through the ferromagnetic body 20.
  • phase shifter described above are suitable for use in a phase shifter circulator operated with extremely high high-frequency powers, as was initially explained with reference to FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Déphaseur constitué par un guide d'ondes à conducteur creux dans lequel sont agencés des barreaux ferromagnétiques répartis le long d'au moins un plan s'étendant dans la direction de propagation des ondes et parallèlement au champ électrique à haute fréquence, ces barreaux ferromagnétiques s'étendant d'une paroi du conducteur creux jusqu'à celle située en face, et étant exposés à un champ magnétique statique orienté parallèlement au champ électrique à haute fréquence, caractérisé par le fait que chacun des barreaux ferromagnétiques (5) est placé, individuellement ou conjointement avec plusieurs autres, dans un cylindre diélectrique creux (6) par lequel un liquide ou un gaz s'écoule pour refroidir le ou lesdits barreau(x) ferromagnétique(s).
  2. Déphaseur constitué par un guide d'ondes à conducteur creux dans lequel sont agencés des barreaux ferromagnétiques répartis le long d'au moins un plan s'étendant dans la direction de propagation des ondes et parallèlement au champ électrique à haute fréquence, ces barreaux ferromagnétiques s'étendant d'une paroi du conducteur creux jusqu'à celle située en face, et étant exposés à un champ magnétique statique orienté parallèlement au champ électrique à haute fréquence caractérisé par le fait que tous les barreaux ferromagnétiques (5) sont disposés conjointement dans une enceinte diélectrique allongée (18) par laquelle un liquide ou un gaz s'écoule pour refroidir les barreaux ferromagnétiques (5).
  3. Déphaseur selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les barreaux ferromagnétiques (5) sont passés par des ouvertures (16, 17) dans les parois opposées du conducteur creux, et par le fait que ces ouvertures (16, 17) sont dimensionnées de manière à être imperméables au champ à haute fréquence dans le conducteur creux (2).
  4. Déphaseur selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'épaisseur des barreaux ferromagnétiques (5) est croissante de barreau en barreau, des entrées du conducteur creux vers l'intérieur de celui-ci.
  5. Déphaseur selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les intervalles entre barreaux ferromagnétiques voisins (5) diminuent des entrées du conducteur creux vers l'intérieur de celui-ci.
  6. Déphaseur constitué par un guide d'ondes à conducteur creux dans lequel du matériau ferromagnétique est disposé en étant réparti le long d'au moins un plan s'étendant dans la direction de propagation des ondes et parallèlement au champ électrique à haute fréquence, ce matériau ferromagnétique s'étendant d'une paroi du conducteur creux à la paroi opposée et étant exposé à un champ magnétique statique orienté parallèlement au champ électrique à haute fréquence, caractérisé par le fait que le matériau ferromagnétique est réalisé sous la forme d'un corps allongé (20) qui est muni de trous traversants (21) s'étendant parallèlement au champ magnétique statique, et par le fait qu'un liquide ou un gaz passe par les trous traversants (21), afin de refroidir le corps ferromagnétique (20).
  7. Déphaseur selon revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que la quantité du matériau ferromagnétique (20) croît progressivement des entrées du conducteur creux vers l'intérieur de celui-ci.
EP87102471A 1987-02-21 1987-02-21 Déphaseur Expired - Lifetime EP0279873B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87102471A EP0279873B1 (fr) 1987-02-21 1987-02-21 Déphaseur
DE8787102471T DE3782332D1 (de) 1987-02-21 1987-02-21 Phasenschieber.
US07/156,798 US4837528A (en) 1987-02-21 1988-02-17 Microwave phase shifter
CA000559298A CA1285326C (fr) 1987-02-21 1988-02-19 Dephaseur de micro-ondes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87102471A EP0279873B1 (fr) 1987-02-21 1987-02-21 Déphaseur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0279873A1 EP0279873A1 (fr) 1988-08-31
EP0279873B1 true EP0279873B1 (fr) 1992-10-21

Family

ID=8196775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87102471A Expired - Lifetime EP0279873B1 (fr) 1987-02-21 1987-02-21 Déphaseur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4837528A (fr)
EP (1) EP0279873B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1285326C (fr)
DE (1) DE3782332D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5013997A (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-05-07 General Electric Company Liquid cooled, high power, ferrite phase shifter for phased array antennas
JPH0425303U (fr) * 1990-06-22 1992-02-28
US5607631A (en) * 1993-04-01 1997-03-04 Hughes Electronics Enhanced tunability for low-dielectric-constant ferroelectric materials
EP1287579A1 (fr) 2000-04-20 2003-03-05 Paratek Microwave, Inc. Dephaseur accordable a guide d'onde et ligne a ailettes

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036278A (en) * 1955-04-29 1962-05-22 Herman N Chait Rectangular waveguide circulator
GB781024A (en) * 1955-06-01 1957-08-14 Hughes Aircraft Co Microwave unidirectional coupling device
DE1069233B (fr) * 1955-12-08 1959-11-19
US2956245A (en) * 1956-04-16 1960-10-11 Sperry Rand Corp Microwave isolator
DE1117183B (de) * 1960-09-30 1961-11-16 Siemens Ag Richtungsleitung fuer sehr kurze elektromagnetische Wellen
US3434076A (en) * 1963-10-17 1969-03-18 Varian Associates Waveguide window having circulating fluid of critical loss tangent for dampening unwanted mode
US3408597A (en) * 1966-05-11 1968-10-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Nonreciprocal gyromagnetic waveguide device with heat transfer means forming a unitary structure
FR1548492A (fr) * 1967-10-20 1968-12-06
US3629735A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-12-21 Us Army Waveguide power limiter comprising a longitudinal arrangement of alternate ferrite rods and dielectric spacers
DE2414939C2 (de) * 1974-03-28 1985-04-11 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Phasenschieberzirkulator für extrem hohe Impulsleistung
US4122418A (en) * 1975-05-10 1978-10-24 Tsukasa Nagao Composite resonator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4837528A (en) 1989-06-06
DE3782332D1 (de) 1992-11-26
EP0279873A1 (fr) 1988-08-31
CA1285326C (fr) 1991-06-25

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