EP0263242B1 - Circulateur à jonction pour micro-ondes - Google Patents

Circulateur à jonction pour micro-ondes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0263242B1
EP0263242B1 EP87109522A EP87109522A EP0263242B1 EP 0263242 B1 EP0263242 B1 EP 0263242B1 EP 87109522 A EP87109522 A EP 87109522A EP 87109522 A EP87109522 A EP 87109522A EP 0263242 B1 EP0263242 B1 EP 0263242B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
junction
ferromagnetic
circulator
dielectric
circulator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87109522A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0263242A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Dr.-Ing. Mörz
Wolfgang Dipl.-Phys. Weiser
Sigmund Dipl.-Ing. Lenz
Erich Dr.-Ing. Pivit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Telecom GmbH
Original Assignee
ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH filed Critical ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0263242A1 publication Critical patent/EP0263242A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0263242B1 publication Critical patent/EP0263242B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/30—Auxiliary devices for compensation of, or protection against, temperature or moisture effects ; for improving power handling capability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38—Circulators
    • H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
    • H01P1/387—Strip line circulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38—Circulators
    • H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
    • H01P1/39—Hollow waveguide circulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a branching circulator for microwaves which has a waveguide branching zone penetrated by a static magnetic field, in which a ferromagnetic resonator is arranged which consists of different dielectrics, at least one of which has ferromagnetic properties.
  • the ferrite structure consists of a plurality of ferrite disks, separated from one another by air gaps and arranged perpendicular to the static magnetic field, which are attached to metal carriers through which a cooling liquid flows.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a circulator of the type mentioned, which is particularly suitable for operation with very high radio frequency power.
  • the stratification of the ferromagnetic dielectric in the branching zone perpendicular to the static magnetic field has a very disadvantageous effect on the performance compatibility.
  • the E-field lines of the high-frequency field run parallel to the static magnetic field in the ferromagnetic resonator, so that the interfaces of the ferrite layers intersect the E-field vertically, which leads to very strong field strength increases in the air gaps between the ferrite layers .
  • Increasing the air gaps by expanding the resonator height in order to counteract the increase in field strength is only conditionally possible, since otherwise the static magnetic field can no longer be applied with tolerable effort.
  • the circulator according to the invention has a resonator in its branching zone, the ferromagnetic dielectric of which extends over the entire height of the waveguide branching zone and the non-ferromagnetic dielectric which serves for heat dissipation is also extended over the full height of the branching zone.
  • the static magnetic field and the high-frequency electrical field are oriented tangentially to the interfaces between the ferromagnetic and the non-ferromagnetic dielectrics. This avoids excessive field strengths in the ferromagnetic dielectric, so that the dielectric strength of the circulator becomes very high and it is therefore suitable for operation with extremely high powers.
  • the resonator structure designed according to the invention also enables large amounts of heat to be dissipated, which protects the ferromagnetic dielectric from thermal destruction. This applies especially to a finely structured one Configuration of the ferromagnetic dielectric, because then a particularly good heat transfer to the heat-dissipating dielectric is guaranteed.
  • branching circulators can advantageously be implemented both in waveguide technology and in L (Lecher) waveguide technology (for example stripline).
  • the section of a waveguide circulator shown in FIG. 1 shows two mutually opposite waveguide walls 1 and 2 of the circulator branching zone, a resonator structure arranged therein and a magnet system which generates a static magnetic field passing through the branching zone.
  • the magnet system in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 has two pole shoes 3 and 4 arranged above and below the waveguide branch, a permanent magnet 5 and a yoke 6 which forms the magnetic yoke outside the circulator branching zone and which is on the one hand on the pole shoe 3 and on the other hand on the permanent magnet 5 rests.
  • the resonator structure contains a ferromagnetic dielectric in the form of a plurality of ferrite rods 7, which are located between the two opposite waveguide walls 1, 2 extend parallel to the E-field of the circulator.
  • the E-field is as large as in a non-ferromagnetic dielectric that immediately surrounds the ferrite rods. There is therefore no increase in field strength at any point in the ferrite rods, unlike in conventional resonator structures with air gaps running transversely to the E field.
  • a resonator structure designed according to the invention has an extremely high dielectric strength, which is why a circulator with such a resonator structure is suitable for the transmission of very high powers.
  • the division of the ferromagnetic dielectric into many individual rods 7 arranged at a distance from one another creates a large cooling surface, which provides extremely favorable conditions for dissipating the heat generated in the ferrite rods 7.
  • a coolant flowing around the ferrite rods 7, for example air or another suitable gas or a dielectric liquid very large amounts of heat can be dissipated in a simple manner.
  • all ferrite rods 7 are surrounded by a dielectric cylinder 8, which is inserted into the branching zone and sealed on the inner sides of the waveguide walls and delimits the resonator.
  • a liquid or gaseous coolant is introduced through an influence channel 9 in the pole piece 4 and several holes 10 in the waveguide wall 2 and discharged through holes 11 in the opposite waveguide wall 1 and an outflow channel 12 in the other pole piece 3.
  • the two pole pieces 3 and 4 are sealed on the outer sides of the waveguide walls 1 and 2 against leakage of the coolant.
  • the through holes 10 and 11 in the waveguide walls 1 and 2 are dimensioned such that they are impermeable to the high-frequency field in the circulator.
  • each individual ferrite rod 7 can also be accommodated in a dielectric tube and the coolant can be passed through each tube.
  • the temperature gradient in the ferrite rods is very small in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, so that mechanical destruction of the ferrite rods is not to be feared due to thermal stresses.
  • the ferrite rods 7 are guided through openings 13, 14 in the two waveguide walls 1, 2 that are impermeable to the high-frequency field.
  • this provides a simple holder for the ferrite rods 7.
  • the magnetic resistance for the magnetic circuit is advantageously reduced due to the passage of the ferrite rods 7 through the waveguide walls 1, 2 up to the pole shoes 3, 4. As a result, only a smaller magnetic field strength needs to be applied, which is why a less complex magnet system is required.
  • the reduction in the magnetic resistance between the magnet system and the ferrite rods also has the advantage that the magnetization of the ferrite rods can be increased to such an extent that the circulator can also operate above the previous frequency limit of approximately 2.5 GHz in the above resonance mode. can work. Then there are hardly any spin wave losses in the ferrite rods, which could cause non-linear effects.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a planar branching circulator.
  • This circulator has a symmetrical line structure, consisting of two planar outer conductors 15, 16 and an inner conductor 17 arranged therebetween.
  • the resonator structure in the branching zone consists of several spaced apart and parallel to the E field Ferrite rods 17 aligned in the branching zone.
  • the ferrite rods 7 are guided through bores 18, 19 and 20 in the outer conductors 15, 16 and the inner conductor 17, so that the ferrite rods 7 reach as far as the pole shoes 3, 4 of the magnet system.
  • the magnet system corresponds to that described above and is therefore provided with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
  • openings 21, 22 and 23 are provided in the outer conductors 15, 16 and the inner conductor 17.
  • a solid dielectric e.g. beryllium oxide ceramic
  • thermal conductivity can also be used, in which the ferrite rods 7 are embedded.
  • any cross-sectional shape e.g. round, square, star-shaped, hexagonal or the like
  • the cross-section of the rods does not change in the direction of the static magnetic field.
  • FIG. 3 Another form of the ferromagnetic resonator is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the resonator consists of one Ferrite body 24, which extends for example in a waveguide circulator from a waveguide wall 25 to the opposite 26.
  • Holes 27 which run parallel to the static magnetic field and which are filled with a non-ferromagnetic, heat-dissipating dielectric are embedded in this ferrite body 24.
  • the holes 27 in the ferrite body 24 continue into the bores 28 and 29 passing through the waveguide walls 25 and 26, so that a gaseous or liquid dielectric can flow through the resonator.
  • An advantageous operating mode of the circulator according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 or 2 results if the pole shoes 3, 4 and the magnetic yoke 6 are made of ferrite material and the magnet 5 is replaced by a coil wound on the yoke 6. Current surges in the coil can then very quickly reorient the magnetic field and thus the direction of rotation of the circulator, which can be attributed to direct contact of the ferrite rods 7 with the pole shoes 3, 4. In the de-energized state of the coil, the remanent field strength in the yoke 6, the pole pieces 3, 4 and in the ferrite rods 7 maintains the static magnetic field in the resonator.

Landscapes

  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Circulateur de ramification pour micro-ondes présentant une zone de ramification de guide d'ondes traversée par un champ magnétique statique, dans laquelle est agencé un résonateur ferromagnétique qui consiste en différents diélectriques dont au moins un possède des propriétés ferromagnétiques, caractérisé par le fait que les surfaces-limites des différents diélectriques forment des corps tridimensionnels (7, 27) qui s'étendent sur toute la hauteur de la zone de ramification et dont les sections droites ne varient pas en direction du champ magnétique statique.
  2. Circulateur de ramification selon revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le diélectrique ferromagnétique sous forme de plusieurs barreaux (7) dirigés parallèlement au champ magnétique statique est noyé dans un autre diélectrique.
  3. Circulateur de ramification selon revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que, dans un circulateur de guide d'ondes les barreaux magnétiques (7) sont passés au travers d'ouvertures (13, 14) dans les parois (1, 2) en vis-à-vis que comporte le guide d'ondes, et par le fait que ces ouvertures (13, 14) sont dimensionnées de manière à être imperméables au champ haute fréquence dans le circulateur.
  4. Circulateur de ramification selon revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le cas d'un circulateur dont la ramification de guide d'ondes est réalisée en tant que structure de ligne planar (15, 16 17), les barreaux ferromagnétiques (7) sont passés par des trous (18, 19, 20) qui traversent la structure de ligne (15, 16, 17).
  5. Circulateur de ramification selon revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, dans un corps ferromagnétique (24) remplissent la zone de ramification, sont aménagés des trous de passage (27) s'étendant parallèlement au champ magnétique statique, qui sont remplis d'un autre diélectrique.
  6. Circulateur de ramification selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé par le fait que l'un des diélectriques est en céramique bonne conductrice de la chaleur.
  7. Circulateur de ramification selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé par le fait que l'un des diélectriques est un liquide qui s'écoule en passant par le résonateur ferromagnétique, pour évacuer la chaleur due aux pertes.
  8. Circulateur de ramification selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'un des diélectriques est un gaz qui s'écoule en passant par le résonateur ferromagnétique, pour évacuer la chaleur due aux pertes.
  9. Circulateur de ramification selon l'une des revendications 2, 3, 4, 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait que tous les barreaux ferromagnétiques (7) sont agencés dans un cylindre diélectrique (8) par lequel s'écoule un liquide ou un gaz.
  10. Circulateur de ramification selon l'une des revendications 2, 3, 4, 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait que chaque barreau ferromagnétique individuel pénètre dans un petit tube diélectrique par lequel passe un liquide ou un gaz.
  11. Circulateur de ramification selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par son utilisation en tant que circulateur commutable quant à son sens de rotation, le champ magnétique statique dans le résonateur ayant son orientation modifiée par une bobine parcourue par du courant, agencée à l'extérieur de la zone de ramification du guide d'ondes.
  12. Circulateur de ramification selon revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que la bobine est enroulée sur une culasse ferromagnétique (6) agencée en dehors de la zone de ramification, cette culasse formant un circuit magnétique avec le diélectrique ferromagnétique, dans la zone de ramification, et par le fait qu'en l'absence de courant dans la bobine l'intensité de champ rémanent dans la culasse (6) et dans le diélectrique (7) maintient le champ magnétique statique dans le résonateur.
EP87109522A 1986-10-04 1987-07-02 Circulateur à jonction pour micro-ondes Expired - Lifetime EP0263242B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863633908 DE3633908A1 (de) 1986-10-04 1986-10-04 Verzweigungszirkulator fuer mikrowellen
DE3633908 1986-10-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0263242A1 EP0263242A1 (fr) 1988-04-13
EP0263242B1 true EP0263242B1 (fr) 1991-09-11

Family

ID=6311099

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87109522A Expired - Lifetime EP0263242B1 (fr) 1986-10-04 1987-07-02 Circulateur à jonction pour micro-ondes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4810979A (fr)
EP (1) EP0263242B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1277727C (fr)
DE (2) DE3633908A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5384556A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-01-24 Raytheon Company Microwave circulator apparatus and method
US7683731B2 (en) * 2005-12-20 2010-03-23 Ems Technologies, Inc. Ferrite waveguide circulator with thermally-conductive dielectric attachments
US7561003B2 (en) 2007-10-31 2009-07-14 Ems Technologies, Inc. Multi-junction waveguide circulator with overlapping quarter-wave transformers
CN201536146U (zh) * 2009-07-20 2010-07-28 世达普(苏州)通信设备有限公司 一种新型多结带线微波环行结隔离器
US9136572B2 (en) 2013-07-26 2015-09-15 Raytheon Company Dual stripline tile circulator utilizing thick film post-fired substrate stacking
US9899717B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2018-02-20 Raytheon Company Stacked low loss stripline circulator
US20230155269A1 (en) * 2021-11-18 2023-05-18 Admotech Co., Ltd. High power isolator having cooling channel structure

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB781024A (en) * 1955-06-01 1957-08-14 Hughes Aircraft Co Microwave unidirectional coupling device
DE1069233B (fr) * 1955-12-08 1959-11-19
US3089101A (en) * 1959-02-27 1963-05-07 Herman N Chait Field displacement circulator
DE1117183B (de) * 1960-09-30 1961-11-16 Siemens Ag Richtungsleitung fuer sehr kurze elektromagnetische Wellen
DE1165695B (de) * 1962-05-22 1964-03-19 Telefunken Patent Breitbandiger Y-Zirkulator in Hohlrohrbauweise
US3434076A (en) * 1963-10-17 1969-03-18 Varian Associates Waveguide window having circulating fluid of critical loss tangent for dampening unwanted mode
US3466571A (en) * 1968-02-28 1969-09-09 Motorola Inc High peak power waveguide junction circulators having inductive posts in each port for tuning circulator
US3662291A (en) * 1970-06-19 1972-05-09 E & M Lab Waveguide ferrite circulator having conductive side of dielectric disc in contact with ferrite
US4122418A (en) * 1975-05-10 1978-10-24 Tsukasa Nagao Composite resonator
FR2443750A1 (fr) * 1978-12-08 1980-07-04 Lignes Telegraph Telephon Circulateur de puissance a faible perte d'insertion
SU1107198A1 (ru) * 1983-04-07 1984-08-07 Предприятие П/Я В-2749 @ -Циркул тор с диэлектрическим заполнением
US4605915A (en) * 1984-07-09 1986-08-12 Cubic Corporation Stripline circuits isolated by adjacent decoupling strip portions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3772920D1 (de) 1991-10-17
US4810979A (en) 1989-03-07
EP0263242A1 (fr) 1988-04-13
CA1277727C (fr) 1990-12-11
DE3633908A1 (de) 1988-04-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2463869B1 (fr) Composant inductif doté de propriétés de noyau améliorées
EP0111218B1 (fr) Electro-aimant pour tomographie par RMN
EP0263242B1 (fr) Circulateur à jonction pour micro-ondes
DE1591427B1 (de) Zirkulator und verfahren zum herstellen eines zirkulators
DE4241025C2 (de) Dielektrischer Resonator
EP0263241B1 (fr) Circulateur à jonction pour de fortes puissances H.F.
DE2307788C3 (de) Magnetron
DE2123577C3 (de) Magnetron
DE3527189C2 (fr)
EP0279873B1 (fr) Déphaseur
EP0263240B1 (fr) Circulateur à jonction pour de fortes puissances H.F.
DE3044774A1 (de) Ferrit-differentialphasenschieber
EP0429791B1 (fr) Dispositif pour syntoniser un résonateur
EP0309826A1 (fr) Canal de décharge pour laser à haute puissance
DE1591565C3 (de) Nichtreziproker Vierpol
DE4433064C1 (de) Anordnung zur Impedanzanpassung für nichtreziproke Bauelemente
DE2062962C3 (de) Nichtreziproker Vierpol
DE102015107209B4 (de) Hochfrequenzbauteil
DE4033180C2 (fr)
DE10104648A1 (de) I-Induktor als Hochfrequenz-Mikroinduktor
DE1285029B (de) Y-Zirkulator
DE1110706B (de) Nichtreziproke Koaxialleitung
EP0402631A1 (fr) Gyrotron quasi optique
DD216259B1 (de) Target zum hochratezerstaeuben ferromagnetischer materialien
DE1788556U (de) Nichtreziproker vierpol fuer elektromagnetische wellen.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880429

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910108

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3772920

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19911017

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 746

Effective date: 19930628

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: DL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PUE

Owner name: AFT ADVANCED FERRITE TECHNOLOGY GMBH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19960620

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19960716

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19960722

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19960920

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970731

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19970702

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980401

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050702