EP0257017B1 - Klima- und Lüftungsgerät - Google Patents

Klima- und Lüftungsgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0257017B1
EP0257017B1 EP87890189A EP87890189A EP0257017B1 EP 0257017 B1 EP0257017 B1 EP 0257017B1 EP 87890189 A EP87890189 A EP 87890189A EP 87890189 A EP87890189 A EP 87890189A EP 0257017 B1 EP0257017 B1 EP 0257017B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
flap
heat exchanger
mixing chamber
internal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87890189A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0257017A3 (en
EP0257017A2 (de
Inventor
Wilhelm Pachner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALTEXA LUEFTUNGSTECHNISCHE ANLAGEN FERTIGUNGS-UND
Original Assignee
Altexa Lueftungstechnische Anlagen Fertigungs-Und Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Altexa Lueftungstechnische Anlagen Fertigungs-Und Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh filed Critical Altexa Lueftungstechnische Anlagen Fertigungs-Und Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh
Publication of EP0257017A2 publication Critical patent/EP0257017A2/de
Publication of EP0257017A3 publication Critical patent/EP0257017A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0257017B1 publication Critical patent/EP0257017B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
    • F24F1/022—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing comprising a compressor cycle
    • F24F1/027—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing comprising a compressor cycle mounted in wall openings, e.g. in windows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air conditioning and ventilation device, consisting of a housing for installation in a wall, window, facade or the like. according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Known and commercially available air conditioners are designed in such a way that they only work in recirculation mode, ie the used room air is re-used after cooling or heating returned to the room.
  • these air conditioners In order to allow outside air to get into the room to be conditioned, these air conditioners usually have manually operated ventilation openings or devices, through the max. 10-15% outside air can be added. In order for more than 15% outside air to get into the interior, additional ventilation devices must generally be installed.
  • Such a device is known for example from DE-A 29 05 884, wherein the heat exchangers can be operated either as a condenser or as an evaporator.
  • a major disadvantage of this device design is that, depending on the usual installation situation, these supply air and exhaust air openings usually remain open when the device is switched off and therefore, e.g. in winter, cold air can enter the interior unhindered and cause unpleasant drafts.
  • DE-A 33 15 444 discloses a device for ventilating and heating interiors, in particular living quarters, in which an air duct is provided for the interior air and an air duct for the outside air, with two flaps adding outside air to the inside air and inside air to the outside air can be.
  • a heat exchanger with a fan working as a condenser is arranged, while in the air duct for the outside air, a heat exchanger with a fan working as an evaporator is arranged.
  • a third heat exchanger which enables a heat exchange between the admixed inside air and the admixed outside air.
  • the arrangement of the flaps in front of the third heat exchanger enables three operating modes, namely heating the internal air passed through the condenser in one end position of the flaps, heating the outside air via the condenser in the other end position the flaps with simultaneous heat exchange between indoor and outdoor air via the third heat exchanger, and a mixed operation between these two operating modes in an intermediate position of the flaps.
  • the arrangement of the third heat exchanger is complex and requires additional space.
  • the object of the invention is to create a new air conditioning and ventilation device which excludes the disadvantages of the known device designs mentioned, in which it is possible to keep the contamination of the heat exchanger low, and in particular to achieve a smaller dimensioning of the heat exchanger in the second air duct, as well as to achieve a higher air flow rate for the extraction of the interior air in the second air duct, the same amount of interior air to be extracted to the outside in the ventilation mode as the outside air is blown inwards in the first air duct.
  • the air conditioning and ventilation device according to the invention is characterized by the features of the claims.
  • the heat exchanger can be made smaller with the same heat transfer capacity.
  • the direct supply of the indoor air to the blower achieves a higher air flow rate with the same blower output than if the indoor air were passed through the heat exchanger (higher air resistance through the heat exchanger).
  • the heat exchanger cannot be contaminated by the indoor air. Due to the partial covering of the heat exchanger by the flap, more indoor air than outside air is sucked out of the blower, so that in the exclusive ventilation mode with the compressor switched off, the same amount of inside air is sucked out to the outside as outside air is blown in through the first air duct.
  • the mixing chamber enables intensive mixing of the indoor and outdoor air.
  • an additional, controllable supply of outside air to pure supply air mode and / or pure exhaust air mode with only two heat exchangers is possible, with all connection openings to the outside air being automatically sealed off when the device is switched off.
  • an air filter is arranged in front of the heat exchanger.
  • a first embodiment of a device for adjusting the mixing ratio between inside and outside air in the first air duct is characterized in that a first flap is arranged in the area of the mixing chamber after the first inside air inlet and in front of the heat exchanger and that in the area after the first outside air inlet and one in front of the heat exchanger second flap is arranged, the first flap being mechanically coupled to the second flap via a linkage, so that when the first flap is open the second flap is closed and vice versa.
  • a second embodiment of a device for adjusting the mixing ratio between inside and outside air in the first air duct is characterized in that the mixing chamber is provided with a flap in front of the heat exchanger of the first air duct between the first inside air inlet and the first outside air inlet, the flap is rotatably mounted on a shaft on the wall of the mixing chamber.
  • a third embodiment of a device for adjusting the mixing ratio between inside and outside air in the first air duct is characterized in that between the inside and outside air the mixing chamber is provided with a flap in front of the heat exchanger of the first air duct between the first inside air inlet and the first outside air inlet is, the flap has the shape of a quarter circle and is rotatably mounted on a shaft which is arranged centrally in the inlet opening to the heat exchanger.
  • a fourth embodiment of a device for adjusting the mixing ratio between inside and outside air in the first air duct is characterized in that the mixing chamber is provided with a flap in front of the heat exchanger of the first air duct between the first inside air inlet and the first outside air inlet, the flap in the manner of a throttle valve is rotatably mounted in the middle of the mixing chamber on a shaft, from which a continuous web leads to the wall of the mixing chamber
  • a fifth embodiment of a device for adjusting the mixing ratio between indoor and outdoor air in the The first air duct is characterized in that the mixing chamber is provided with a flap in front of the heat exchanger of the first air duct between the first inside air inlet and the first outside air outlet, the flap being rotatably mounted in the middle of the mixing chamber on a shaft in the manner of a throttle valve, and has a semicircular part which bears against the wall of the mixing chamber.
  • All of the embodiments of the device for setting the mixing ratio between inside and outside air in the first air duct have a simple structure that ensures trouble-free function.
  • the mixing chamber enables intensive mixing of the indoor and outdoor air.
  • the flaps, slides, blinds or the like are advantageously continuously adjustable by means of a servomotor.
  • Each blower is attached with the associated heat exchanger and mixing chamber as a compact unit on a floor pan, so that the unit can be easily replaced for service or repair.
  • a heater is arranged between the heat exchanger and the fan of the first air duct, which increases the heating output in the event of low outside temperatures.
  • Figs. 10 and 11, 1 denotes a housing with the front wall 2 removed, which is directed toward the interior in the assembled state, so that the individual device components are easily accessible, or that the components fastened on a floor pan 3 can be used as a compact machine set in the housing and are removable.
  • the individual components are arranged side by side in such a way that, with a relatively low overall depth and height, there is an overall length of the housing which corresponds, for example, to the installation dimensions of standardized windows.
  • the housing itself can be extended to any desired size from a technically required minimum length. Through this variable In terms of construction, a dimensional adjustment to architectural specifications is possible.
  • an air inlet 4 is provided on the far left for the inside air, which corresponds to an inlet opening 4 ⁇ in the front wall 2 (Fig.2) and continues as a supply air mixing chamber 5 and ends there in an air inlet 6 for the outside air (Fig.11).
  • a channel 7 leads from the air inlet 6 to the corresponding inlet opening 6 ⁇ in the rear wall 8 (FIG. 3).
  • a return air flap 9 and an outside air flap 10 are arranged, which are rotatably mounted on vertical shafts 11 and 12.
  • pivot levers 13 and 14 are fastened, which are articulated via a connecting rod 15, so that when one shaft rotates, the other shaft is also rotated.
  • the shaft 11 is connected above the pivot lever 13 to the drive shaft of a servo motor 11 ⁇ , which enables a simultaneous, constant change in direction of the flaps 9 and 10.
  • the flaps operate in such a way that the flap 9 is closed when the flap 10 is open and vice versa, any intermediate positions of the flap 9 and 10 being possible.
  • the supply air mixing chamber 5 continues to the right into a channel which is formed by a first heat exchanger 16 and contains coils 17 with heat conducting plates 18. Between the air inlets 6 ⁇ and 6, the outside air for the admixture to the return air in the duct 7 sweeps over outer bends of the coils 17 of the heat exchanger 16 and is already preconditioned before entering the supply air mixing chamber 5.
  • An air filter 19 is arranged in front of the heat exchanger 16 (FIGS. 1, 10).
  • the heat exchanger 16 is followed by a short heating duct 20 in which an electric heater 21 (FIG. 1) is installed.
  • a fan 22 in the form of a radial fan is installed on the heating duct 20, the outlet opening 23 of which is directed upwards and opens into a trough 24 which is closed on three sides and is open to the front in order to form an air outlet 25 which extends into a corresponding outlet opening 26 in the front wall 2 of the housing 1 continues (Fig.2).
  • the trough 24 has a V-shaped air baffle 27 in the middle and two obliquely arranged air baffles 28 for wide-area air distribution.
  • In front of the outlet opening 26 are adjustable baffles 26 ⁇ through which the air flow can be steered in any direction.
  • the air-guiding trough 24 and the guide plates 27 and 28 are clad with sound-absorbing material, as a result of which the lowest possible operating noise is achieved.
  • the inside air is sucked in by the blower 22 through the air inlets 4, 4 'through the supply air mixing chamber 5, the heat exchanger 16 and the heating duct 20 and is returned to the room via the tub 24 and its air outlet 25 and the outlet opening 26.
  • a variable proportion of outside air of 0-100% can be added via the outside air flap 10.
  • the supply air mixing chamber 5, the heat exchanger 16 and the heating duct 20, and the blower 22 form a first compact ventilation unit which is mounted in the left area of the floor pan 3.
  • a second compact ventilation unit consisting of a heat exchanger 29, an exhaust air mixing chamber 30 and a blower 31, is mounted in the right area of the floor pan 3.
  • the heat exchanger 29 works as a condenser and the heat exchanger 16 as an evaporator, while in the heat pump mode, the heat exchanger 29 works as an evaporator and the heat exchanger 16 as a condenser.
  • the second ventilation unit enables heat to be removed from the heat exchanger (condenser) 29 in cooling mode and heat absorption in heating mode (heat pump).
  • a compressor 32 is mounted between the two ventilation units in the central region of the floor pan 3 and is connected to the two heat exchangers 16, 29 via coolant lines, as will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIG. 6.
  • the outside air is drawn in by the blower 31 via an air inlet 33 in the rear wall 8 of the housing 1 (FIG.
  • the exhaust air mixing chamber 30 has an opening 35 at the top, which can be closed by an exhaust air flap 36.
  • the exhaust air flap 36 is rotatably mounted on a horizontal shaft 37 which is connected to the drive axis of a further servomotor 37 '.
  • the opening 35 merges into a corresponding opening in a trough 38 which is too open towards the front and continues as an air inlet 39 for the internal air in the front wall 2 of the housing 1 (FIG. 2).
  • This arrangement enables an exhaust air operation in which the exhaust air flap 36 is completely opened by the servomotor 37 'and covers the heat exchanger (condenser) 29 on one side.
  • internal air is additionally drawn in through the air inlet 39, the trough 38 and via the opening 35 into the exhaust air mixing chamber 30 and is conveyed to the outside by the fan 31.
  • the heat exchanger can be made smaller with the same heat transfer capacity.
  • the direct supply of the indoor air to the blower achieves a higher air flow rate with the same blower output than if the indoor air were passed through the heat exchanger (higher air resistance through the heat exchanger).
  • the heat exchanger cannot be contaminated by the indoor air. Due to the partial covering of the heat exchanger by the flap, more indoor air than outside air is sucked out of the blower, so that in the exclusive ventilation mode with the compressor switched off, the same amount of inside air is sucked out to the outside as outside air is blown in through the first air duct.
  • all air-carrying and other parts are lined with sound insulation material.
  • To this Parts include the flaps 9, 10 and 36, the supply air mixing chamber 5, the exhaust air mixing chamber 30, the troughs 24 and 38, the baffles 27 and 28, and the entire inner surface of the housing 1.
  • the flap is provided on both sides with the soundproofing material also for sealing when the device is switched off.
  • the switchover from cooling operation to heating operation takes place via an electromagnetically actuated reversing valve 40 (FIG. 4), which is arranged in the compressor 32.
  • a double pressure switch 41 is arranged at the heat exchanger 29 and is used for pressure monitoring on the high and low pressure side of the coolant circuit.
  • the blower 31 has a switch box 42 with terminals, relays, fuses, etc., from which connecting cable to the servomotors 11 'and 37' to the blowers 22 and 31, to the radiator 18, to the compressor 38, to the reversing valve 40 and to the pressostat 41.
  • Control lines lead from the control box 42 to a central operating device (not shown), which contains a microprocessor which carries out the control functions and monitors the device.
  • the control unit is attached to a suitable location in the interior and contains a number of function keys for selecting the individual operating modes, such as COOLING, HEATING, El.HEAT, AIRMIX, FRESHAIR, EXHAUST, FREECOOLING and OFF. Furthermore, a thermistor-controlled temperature electronics with temperature selector for setting the desired room temperature and a speed selector for the blowers for setting the desired air volume. A 4-stage control of the speed and thus the air volume is preferably carried out. Furthermore, the control unit is provided with an optical fault display. The central control unit can also be used to control several air conditioning and ventilation units together.
  • the schematic representation of the coolant circuit and the air duct according to FIG. 4 shows, for example, the cooling operation.
  • the coolant heated by the compressor 32 passes through the reversing valve 40 to the heat exchanger (condenser) 29 and from there via a throttle element 43 e.g. in the form of a capillary tube to the heat exchanger (evaporator) 16.
  • the coolant is returned from the heat exchanger 16 via the reversing valve 40 to the suction side of the compressor 32.
  • the inside, mixed or outside air guided through the heat exchanger 16 depending on the preselected mode of operation is cooled by releasing the heat required for the evaporation of the refrigerant, while the heat absorbed by the coolant is given off to the outside air via the heat exchanger 29.
  • the reversing valve 40 is switched over to switch to heating operation, the functions of the heat exchangers are reversed, ie the heat exchanger 16 works as a condenser and the heat exchanger 29 as an evaporator.
  • the hot coolant line emerging on the high-pressure side of the compressor 32 is led down to the bottom trough 3 and is laid there in a serpentine manner in contact with the bottom trough 3 in order to achieve the greatest possible evaporation of the condensation water collecting in the bottom trough 3.
  • this coolant line is connected to the floor pan 3 by means of silicone rubber.
  • an outlet connection (not shown) as a safety drain for any excess condensate water.
  • the control unit also includes an internal electronic locking circuit that prevents multiple buttons, e.g. HEATING and COOLING, faulty or illogical operating modes are triggered that do not fall under the operating modes listed above.
  • buttons e.g. HEATING and COOLING
  • all the air inlet or outlet openings are arranged in the plane of the front wall 2 or the rear side 8 of the housing 1, which advantageously means that no lateral openings in the housing are required, which are taken into account during installation should be.
  • the installation of any necessary air duct on the housing 1 is also significantly facilitated by this measure, the entire opening area being adaptable to the speed gradations of the amount of air required in each case.
  • a plate 44 is attached behind the front wall 2 for safety reasons, after its removal only access to the units or components of the device is made possible.
  • two flaps 9 and 10 are used to adjust the mixing ratio between inside and outside air.
  • 5 and 7 show further exemplary embodiments, each with only one flap, which is arranged rotatably about a vertical shaft 46 in the mixing chamber 5 in front of the heat exchanger 16 between the air inlet 4 for the inside air and the air inlet 6 for the outside air.
  • the flap 45 is fastened to the wall of the mixing chamber 5 so that it can rotate about the shaft 46.
  • the flap 47 has the shape of a quarter circle, the shaft 46 being arranged centrally in the inlet opening to the heat exchanger 16.
  • a flap 48 is provided in the manner of a throttle valve, which is arranged rotatably in the middle of the mixing chamber 5 about the shaft 46, a continuous web 49 being provided as a lock between the shaft 46 and the wall of the mixing chamber 6, which a prevents unwanted mixing of indoor and outdoor air in this area.
  • Fig. 8 shows similar flap 50 as in Fig. 7, wherein instead of the web 49, a semicircular part 51 is arranged on the flap 50, which abuts the wall of the mixing chamber 5 and takes over the locking function.
  • Fig. 9 shows a variant in which the flaps 9 and 10 are replaced by sliders 52 and 53 and which are actuated by a rotary link 54, which outside the mixing chamber 5 is arranged rotatably about a shaft 46 ⁇ .
  • the flaps 9 and 10 or the like by adjustable blinds. be replaced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
EP87890189A 1986-08-14 1987-08-13 Klima- und Lüftungsgerät Expired - Lifetime EP0257017B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT219686A AT391933B (de) 1986-08-14 1986-08-14 Klima- und lueftungsgeraet zum einbau in eine wand, fenster oder dergleichen
AT2196/86 1986-08-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0257017A2 EP0257017A2 (de) 1988-02-24
EP0257017A3 EP0257017A3 (en) 1989-05-31
EP0257017B1 true EP0257017B1 (de) 1991-09-25

Family

ID=3529773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87890189A Expired - Lifetime EP0257017B1 (de) 1986-08-14 1987-08-13 Klima- und Lüftungsgerät

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0257017B1 (es)
AT (1) AT391933B (es)
DE (1) DE3773302D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2027324T3 (es)
GR (1) GR3002790T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0238131A (ja) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-07 Sanden Corp 車両用空調装置
US5341650A (en) * 1992-03-13 1994-08-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air conditioning apparatus having a plurality of inlets for taking in indoor air at a plurality of portions of main body thereof
FI97166C (fi) * 1992-11-10 1997-12-30 Flaekt Oy Sovitelma tuloilmankäsittelykoneen yhteydessä
JP3514518B2 (ja) * 1993-09-29 2004-03-31 三菱電機株式会社 分離型空気調和機
JP3485379B2 (ja) * 1995-04-06 2004-01-13 サンデン株式会社 車両用空気調和装置
KR100877335B1 (ko) * 2002-02-27 2009-01-07 한자 벤틸라토렌 운트 마쉬넨바우 노이만 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게 공기조화기
ITPD20060015U1 (it) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-08 Liebert Hiross Spa Dispositivo di condizionamento perfezionato del tipo a raffreddamento libero

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3315444A1 (de) * 1983-04-28 1984-10-31 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Vorrichtung zum belueften und heizen von innenraeumen, insbesondere wohnraeumen

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3182899A (en) * 1960-06-01 1965-05-11 Whirlpool Co Wall mounted dual fan structure
US3143864A (en) * 1963-01-04 1964-08-11 Fred J Schordine Hot and cold air conditioners
IS601B6 (is) * 1963-10-23 1966-12-19 Fordsmand Marc Tæki til upphitunar og kælingar rúms.
DE2133728A1 (de) * 1971-07-07 1973-01-25 Albert Dipl Ing Traugott Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen beund entlueftung von raeumen und einrichtungen mit waermeaustausch zwischen frischluft und fortluft
DE2905884A1 (de) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-28 Fsl Fenster System Lueftung Belueftungsanlage
JPS6023736A (ja) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-06 Toshiba Corp 空気調和装置
DE3338655A1 (de) * 1983-10-25 1985-05-02 Ltg Lufttechnische Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Regenerativer waermerueckgewinner
DE3341337A1 (de) * 1983-11-15 1985-05-23 Martin 7095 Rainau Wiedemann Klimageraet
DE3341827A1 (de) * 1983-11-19 1985-05-30 FSL Fenster-System-Lüftung GmbH, 6800 Mannheim Lueftungssystem fuer die raeume von gebaeuden

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3315444A1 (de) * 1983-04-28 1984-10-31 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Vorrichtung zum belueften und heizen von innenraeumen, insbesondere wohnraeumen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3002790T3 (en) 1993-01-25
AT391933B (de) 1990-12-27
ATA219686A (de) 1990-06-15
DE3773302D1 (de) 1991-10-31
EP0257017A3 (en) 1989-05-31
EP0257017A2 (de) 1988-02-24
ES2027324T3 (es) 1992-06-01

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