EP0255005B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Werkstoffe durch isostatisches Heisspressen von Metallpulver - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Werkstoffe durch isostatisches Heisspressen von Metallpulver Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0255005B1
EP0255005B1 EP87110429A EP87110429A EP0255005B1 EP 0255005 B1 EP0255005 B1 EP 0255005B1 EP 87110429 A EP87110429 A EP 87110429A EP 87110429 A EP87110429 A EP 87110429A EP 0255005 B1 EP0255005 B1 EP 0255005B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
reaction gas
metal powder
gas
capsule
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87110429A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0255005A2 (de
EP0255005A3 (en
Inventor
Heinrich K. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Feichtinger
Markus O. Prof. Dr. Speidel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vereinigte Schmiedewerke GmbH
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Schmiedewerke GmbH
Schmiedewerke Krupp Kloeckner GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Schmiedewerke GmbH, Schmiedewerke Krupp Kloeckner GmbH filed Critical Vereinigte Schmiedewerke GmbH
Priority to AT87110429T priority Critical patent/ATE56380T1/de
Publication of EP0255005A2 publication Critical patent/EP0255005A2/de
Publication of EP0255005A3 publication Critical patent/EP0255005A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0255005B1 publication Critical patent/EP0255005B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing metallic materials by hot isostatic pressing of metal powder or metal powder mixtures, collectively referred to as "metal powder", with high, in particular over 1%, contents of gases or vapors, in particular nitrogen, which are caused by pressurizing the metal powder with pressurized metal Reaction gas can be introduced into the material at a higher temperature.
  • the invention also includes an apparatus for performing this method.
  • Nitrogen is a substitution element and can partially replace other alloying elements, for example nickel. Nitrogen is an austenite stabilizing element.
  • nitride-forming elements such as chromium, vanadium, niobium, zirconium can also lead to the elimination of nitride phases, which have a favorable effect on the mechanical properties via the mechanism of precipitation hardening .
  • this effect can also have an effect on improving the creep resistance in the higher temperature range.
  • Highly embroidered steels can be produced using a melt metallurgical process. Steels whose nitrogen content is so low that bubbles do not form during solidification can also be melted with conventional melting units, such as the electric arc furnace or the induction furnace.
  • the nitrogen is added in the form of a nitrogen-containing ferro alloy, such as ferrochrome or ferromanganese.
  • ferrochrome or ferromanganese Such special ferro alloys are, however, very expensive. Therefore, this melt-metallurgical route for the production of embroidered steels is relatively expensive.
  • this remelting process creates a primary structure which, while having the advantages inherent in the electroslag remelting process, has a particularly high quality, but nevertheless still certain It has disadvantages with regard to inhomogeneities, as is common to all melt metallurgical processes with regard to micro and macro segregation, blowholes, pores and other defects.
  • the final material properties can possibly only be achieved by a thermomechanical aftertreatment, and the final shape, for example in the case of cap rings, can only be achieved by extensive machining.
  • Materials with high nitrogen contents can also be produced by powder metallurgy, for example by hot isostatic pressing.
  • This process is described for example in "Encyclopedia of Materials Science and Engineering", vol. 3, 1986, page 2186.
  • the metal powder to be pressed is filled into a deformable capsule, the air is sucked out of the capsule, the capsule and its contents are heated to an elevated temperature, and at the same time pressure is applied to all sides via a suitable medium, in particular gas exerted on the capsule and the metal powder contained therein.
  • a suitable medium in particular gas exerted on the capsule and the metal powder contained therein.
  • the powder is compacted into a compact body, with the elevated temperature causing a sintering process with solid-state diffusion, sometimes even in the presence of a liquid phase.
  • CH-PS 486 563 describes a process for producing a heat-resistant material in which a powder mixture consisting of a component A (iron, cobalt or nickel) with a component B (nitride or nitride mixture) and a component C (reactive tionable aluminum compound) is subjected to a pressure sintering process.
  • the powder components must be in a fine and homogeneous distribution. It is preferred if the individual components are present in a grain spectrum of 1-10 11 m.
  • the resulting metal-ceramic materials are hard, strong and resistant to chemicals, thermal shock and high temperature.
  • EP-OS 165 732 describes a process for the production of bodies consolidated with titanium nitride in dispersion, in which a powder consisting essentially of a titanium-containing ferritic or austenitic steel, preferably with 20% chromium and 25% nickel, first in a hydrogen-containing one Atmosphere is pre-sintered so that a body with sufficient strength is formed, which is, however, gas-permeable for the subsequent nitriding treatment. Then the pre-sintered body is flowed through with a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture in the temperature range of 1000-1150 ° C until the desired nitride content has been reached.
  • the bodies produced in this way can then either be subjected to a subsequent compression treatment by rolling or forging, or a nitrided powder can be produced by grinding, which can be processed further using the known methods of powder metallurgy.
  • a metal powder produced by atomizing a melt is filled into a steel container and successively degassed and nitrided.
  • the powder is exposed to an unspecified nitrogen pressure at 1150 ° C for two hours.
  • the resulting nitrogen content in the powder is a function of the treatment temperature, the nitrogen pressure, the nitration time and the mass transfer coefficient.
  • Such an embroidered powder was then hot isostatically pressed at 2000 bar and 1100 ° C. for two hours.
  • US Pat. No. 4,140,527 provides for the nitrogen powder to flow through the metal powder for a longer period of time, for example by embroidering at a higher temperature, but the final nitrogen content is and is the result of a complex interplay of pressure, temperature and time therefore difficult to set precisely.
  • the nitriding of the powder is a separate process step, associated with considerable effort, the nitriding time being very long, in particular because of the low nitrogen pressure provided.
  • the maximum achievable nitrogen content in equilibrium is limited to values of only 1% at most.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for hot isostatic pressing of metal powders, in particular steel powders, with which workpieces with high gas contents up to over 1% can be produced in a simple manner.
  • reaction gas diffuses from the pores into the body formed by the compacting and is stored in it either in a solid solution or in the form of precipitates, in particular metal nitrides or carbonitrides.
  • the process is expediently controlled in such a way that a continuous process occurs, i.e. that the pressures and temperature are continuously increased until the maximum values are reached.
  • the process gas is a mixture of a gas which is insoluble in powder and the intended reaction gas, the volume fraction of which is selected such that it is approximately in equilibrium with the gas content of the metal phase under the conditions prevailing during the sintering phase. It can then be achieved that diffusion cannot lead to different gas concentrations in the edge region of the compact. In the absence of equilibrium, diffusion would result through the capsule, which would either lead to depletion or to an accumulation of reaction gas at least in the edge region of the compact.
  • the conditions (temperature and pressure) during hot isostatic pressing and the composition of the metal powder can be selected so that the gas introduced into the material remains in solid solution.
  • solid solution hardening in a manner known per se both the mechanical properties, such as strength and toughness, and the chemical properties, such as stress corrosion resistance, are influenced in a favorable manner.
  • the metal powder can also be alloyed with elements which form compounds (nitrides) with the reaction gas, in particular nitrogen, which are then present in the material as finely divided precipitates.
  • the reaction gas in particular nitrogen
  • the high-temperature stability of steel alloys is brought about in particular by the fine precipitation of special nitrides.
  • a mixture of argon and nitrogen is particularly suitable as the process gas.
  • the device for carrying out the claimed method is characterized by a pressure vessel with a heating element (s) and a process gas supply line and a capsule in the pressure chamber, filled with metal powder, to which a reaction gas supply line is connected.
  • a fine-grained powder which corresponds in its composition to the corrosion-resistant and non-magnetizable cap ring steel X10CrMn1818, is filled into a steel capsule suitable for the subsequent sintering process under the usual precautionary measures, such as protection against oxidation, whereby it may then be subjected to a vacuum treatment.
  • the metal powder used has an intermediate grain volume of 30% by volume, depending on its bulk density.
  • the capsule 2 filled with the powder mixture 1 is introduced into a pressure vessel 3 with a heating furnace 4 for hot isostatic pressing.
  • the capsule 2 is connected to a container (not shown) by means of a line 6 leading through the outer wall in order to set the desired nitrogen pressure (reaction gas) in the interior of the capsule.
  • the process gas originating from a further reservoir (also not shown) and necessary for the compression process can be admitted into the autoclave via a further line 5.
  • the process gas consists of argon with an admixture of 3% by volume nitrogen.
  • the gas supply to capsule 2 is interrupted and the process gas mixture, consisting of 3% by volume nitrogen and 97% by volume argon, is now increased to a final pressure of 2000 bar.
  • the temperature is increased to 1250 ° C at the same time.
  • the concentration of 3% by volume in the process gas is in equilibrium with the 3% nitrogen in the powder.
  • the capsule 2 used in the above process can already largely have the shape of a ring which is similar to the shape of the cap ring to be produced, so that a minimum of machining post-processing steps is created.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP87110429A 1986-07-21 1987-07-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Werkstoffe durch isostatisches Heisspressen von Metallpulver Expired - Lifetime EP0255005B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87110429T ATE56380T1 (de) 1986-07-21 1987-07-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung metallischer werkstoffe durch isostatisches heisspressen von metallpulver.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3624622 1986-07-21
DE19863624622 DE3624622A1 (de) 1986-07-21 1986-07-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung metallischer werkstoffe durch isostatisches heisspressen von metallpulver

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0255005A2 EP0255005A2 (de) 1988-02-03
EP0255005A3 EP0255005A3 (en) 1988-11-09
EP0255005B1 true EP0255005B1 (de) 1990-09-12

Family

ID=6305641

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87110429A Expired - Lifetime EP0255005B1 (de) 1986-07-21 1987-07-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Werkstoffe durch isostatisches Heisspressen von Metallpulver

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0255005B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE56380T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3624622A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2018214B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE462641B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2151026C1 (ru) * 1999-11-10 2000-06-20 Губенко Лев Анатольевич Изостат для обработки материалов в жидкости

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3743261A (en) * 1971-07-21 1973-07-03 Crucible Inc Furnace and method for heating and compacting powdered metal charges
JPS52141406A (en) * 1976-05-21 1977-11-25 Kobe Steel Ltd Tool steel containing nitrogen made by powder metallurgy
EP0165732B1 (en) * 1984-06-15 1989-01-04 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Titanium nitride dispersion strengthened bodies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2018214B3 (es) 1991-04-01
EP0255005A2 (de) 1988-02-03
SE462641B (sv) 1990-08-06
DE3624622C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-06-16
DE3764898D1 (de) 1990-10-18
SE8702834L (sv) 1988-01-22
EP0255005A3 (en) 1988-11-09
SE8702834D0 (sv) 1987-07-10
DE3624622A1 (de) 1988-02-25
ATE56380T1 (de) 1990-09-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0331679B1 (en) High density sintered ferrous alloys
DE2943601C2 (de) Vorlegierte Stahlpulver zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von hochfesten Teilen
EP1249512B1 (de) Kaltarbeitsstahllegierung zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Teilen
DE1783134B2 (de) Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Hartlegierungen. Ausscheidung aus: 1533275 Annu Latrobe Steel Co., Latrobe, Pa. (V.StA.)
DE69908083T2 (de) Dispersionshärtende legierung und verfahren zur herstellung der legierung
CN111560564B (zh) 一种资源节约型高氮双相不锈钢及其近净成形方法
EP0348380B1 (de) Verwendung einer Eisenbasislegierung zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Teilen mit hoher Korrosionsbeständigkeit, hoher Verschleissfestigkeit sowie hoher Zähigkeit und Druckfestigkeit, insbesondere für die Kunststoffverarbeitung
DE69513432T2 (de) Legierungsstahlpulver, Sinterkörper und Verfahren
DE69119361T2 (de) Verfahren zum Verdichten durch hochdruckisostatisches Pressen
DE2204886C3 (de) Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Schnellarbeitsstahl-Formkörpern
DE2814553A1 (de) Verdichtete erzeugnisse aus nickel- superlegierungen
AT392929B (de) Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen herstellung von werkstuecken oder werkzeugen
EP0255005B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Werkstoffe durch isostatisches Heisspressen von Metallpulver
DE69737265T2 (de) Herstellung nickelenthaltenden, gesinterten, verfestigten, feritischen rostfreien stahls
DE3308409C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT314212B (de) Verfahren zum Sintern von Legierungen mit flüssiger Phase
DE2363264A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von harten und nicht deformierbaren legierungsgegenstaenden
DE532409C (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Eisenlegierungen
DE4207379A1 (de) Verfahren und herstellung eines sinterkoerpers aus hochlegiertem stahlpulver
DE925276C (de) Verschleissfeste Werkstoffe
DE1191113B (de) Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von kriechfesten Legierungen
DE2726939C2 (de) Verbundkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
WO2024240678A1 (de) Stahlwerkstoff und verfahren zum herstellen eines stahlwerkstoffs
WO2025015363A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von legiertem sinterstahl
DE1279332B (de) Verfahren zum pulvermetallurgischen Herstellen von Genauteilen aus Stelliten oder stellitaehnlichen Legierungen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19881129

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19900126

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19900912

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19900912

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 56380

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19900915

Kind code of ref document: T

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: VEREINIGTE SCHMIEDEWERKE GMBH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3764898

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19901018

BECN Be: change of holder's name

Effective date: 19900912

GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19920708

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19920720

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19920731

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19920731

Year of fee payment: 6

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19930718

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 19930719

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19930731

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: VEREINIGTE SCHMIEDEWERKE G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 19930731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19940201

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19990601

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20000609

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20000720

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010731

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20010806

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020329

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020718

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20020809

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050718