EP0239619B1 - Protective envelope device for packaging fragile articles - Google Patents

Protective envelope device for packaging fragile articles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239619B1
EP0239619B1 EP86906148A EP86906148A EP0239619B1 EP 0239619 B1 EP0239619 B1 EP 0239619B1 EP 86906148 A EP86906148 A EP 86906148A EP 86906148 A EP86906148 A EP 86906148A EP 0239619 B1 EP0239619 B1 EP 0239619B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
articles
mass
envelope
resilient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86906148A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0239619A4 (en
EP0239619A1 (en
Inventor
Theodore W. Lookholder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0239619A1 publication Critical patent/EP0239619A1/en
Publication of EP0239619A4 publication Critical patent/EP0239619A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0239619B1 publication Critical patent/EP0239619B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/44—Applications of resilient shock-absorbing materials, e.g. foamed plastics material, honeycomb material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/18—Filling preformed cavities
    • B29C44/182—Filling flexible bags not having a particular shape
    • B29C44/184—Filling flexible bags not having a particular shape and inserting the bags into preformed cavities
    • B29C44/185—Starting the expansion after rupturing or dissolving the bag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D81/03—Wrappers or envelopes with shock-absorbing properties, e.g. bubble films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/06—Open cell foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2553/02—Shock absorbing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to impact-absorbing packaging devices, and more particularly, to containers employing yieldable packing material to protect fragile articles from damage by impact during shipping and storage.
  • Prior art impact-absorbing packaging devices for shipping and storing fragile articles fall into four broad categories.
  • the articles are loosely enclosed in a flexible envelope the walls of which are padded with laminated pulverized paper, plastic air bubbles, foam, or similar resilient material.
  • the articles are enclosed in a rigid container and surrounded by a loose fill of impact-absorbing material, such as small pieces of polystyrene foam, shredded newspaper, excelsior, sawdust, or the like, which is intended to cushion them from shock.
  • shock-absorbing rigid inserts such as die-cut paperboard, orwooden or plasticforms, orflexible inserts, such as cushioning sacks containing resilient synthetic plastic foam, support the articles in a rigid container.
  • the articles are encapsulated in a moulded form-fitting shell of crushable material, such as polystyrene foam, which is generally enclosed in a rigid container.
  • the packaging disclosed in US Patent No. 4,193,499 is specifically intended to satisfy this need. It comprises a prefabricated double-walled envelope in which expandable material enclosed in the space between the walls is caused to expand, thereby converting the device into an impact-absorbing pod closely conforming to articles sealed in it.
  • the protective pod is formed by exposing a mixture incorporating polystyrene beads and a blowing agent to microwave radiation.
  • a unitary protective envelope device for packaging fragile articles comprising: an envelope adapted to sealably enclose such articles and having an outer wall and a conformable inner wall, said walls defining an expandable cavity therebetween; and a mass of resilient material contained in said cavity characterised in that said mass of resilient material contained in said cavity is held therein in a compressed condition and under a vacuum, said mass of material being adapted upon exposure to atmospheric pressure to expand to an impact-absorbing state, and thereby to force said inner wall into embracing conformity with said articles.
  • a method of packaging fragile articles comprising: sealably enclosing such articles in an envelope having an outer wall and a conformable inner wall, said walls defining a cavity therebetween containing a mass of resilient material, characterised by the steps of holding said mass of resilient material in compressed condition under vacuum and by exposing said mass of material to atmospheric pressure, thereby causing said material to expand and by such expansion to force said inner wall into embracing conformity with said articles.
  • the envelope device shown in Figs. 1 and 3 takes the form of an outwardly conventional-appearing shipping envelope 11 having an encircling outer wall 12 of durable material, such as 45 Kg (100 Ib) Kraft paper, or sheets of laminates of "Tyvek” polyethylene- or metallized "Mylar” ester-based film.
  • durable material such as 45 Kg (100 Ib) Kraft paper, or sheets of laminates of "Tyvek” polyethylene- or metallized "Mylar” ester-based film.
  • a laminate of 25.4 micrometres (1 mil) "Tyvek” film bonded to 45 Kg (100 Ib) Kraft paper was found to be especially suitable, since the latter's heat-sealing properties allow the envelope to be manufactured without the use of adhesives.
  • One edge of the outer wall 12 adjacent the open end of the envelope 11 is extended beyond the opening to serve as a flap 13, the inner surface of which may be coated with an adhesive 14 for sealing the opening.
  • the envelope 11 is provided with an inner wall 15 of pliable material, such as 27 Kg (60 Ib) (or lighter) Kraft paper, capable of conforming closely to the outer surface of articles enclosed in the envelope 11.
  • pliable material such as 27 Kg (60 Ib) (or lighter) Kraft paper, capable of conforming closely to the outer surface of articles enclosed in the envelope 11.
  • "Tyvek” and “Mylar” films, as well as laminates of lightweight Kraft paper with synthetic films for this purpose provide excellent results.
  • Inner wall 15 is either continuous with the outer wall 12, or is joined with the inner surfaces of outer wall 12 forming the mouth 16 of the envelope 11. Thus, inserting an article 19 into envelope 12 through its mouth 16 positions the article 19 between opposing faces of inner wall 15.
  • inner wall 15 is adapted to form an enclosed pouch within envelope 11.
  • inner wall 15 it may be advantageous to construct inner wall 15 in two opposing sections which are joined only in the area 21 remote from the mouth 16.
  • Slabs 22 of compressed resilient impact-absorbing material 23 are enclosed in the spaces between outer wall 12 and inner wall 15.
  • the material 23 may be any suitable natural or synthetic resiliently compressable open-celled cellular material, such as natural sponge, sponge rubber, or polyurethane, polyester, polyethylene or cellulose foam. It will be seen, in its normal expanded condition the material 23 may be a solid block, or it may be in the form of bonded or unbonded fragments. Very satisfactory results were achieved using open-celled polyurethane ether foam with an ILD (identifiable load deflection) between 9 and 80 and a density range from 13.6 Kg/m 3 (0.85 Ibs/cubic feet) to 40 Kg/m 3 (2.5 Ibs/cubic feet), in solid block and in bonded and unbonded chip foam. Typically, a block of polyurethane foam 5.8 cm (two inches) thick can be compressed to form a slab having a thickness of 0.64 cm (a quarter of an inch).
  • the material 23 in slabs 22 is maintained under vacuum and is held in compressed condition solely by atmospheric pressure.
  • Figs. 5-7 Several methods which may be employed to achieve this result are illustrated by Figs. 5-7.
  • Fig. 5 shows a typical slab 22, formed by compressing a block of polyurethane foam 23 between sheets 24 of pliable non-porous material, such as polyester, polyethylene, rubber, or the like, in a press.
  • pliable non-porous material such as polyester, polyethylene, rubber, or the like
  • the periphery of the sheets 24 is hermetically sealed by conventional means, such as thermal bonding or adhesives. Care is taken to ensure that there is sufficient unsealed sheet material surrounding the compressed material 23 to allow the material 23 to expand fully to its original size and shape, upon its exposure to atmospheric pressure.
  • the material 23 may be enclosed in a pliable container or pouch, rather than sandwiched between separate sheets, thus reducing the amount of sealing required.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate the successive steps of an alternate technique for producing slabs of compressed impact-absorbing material.
  • Fig. 6 depicts a block of such material 23, to which a thin pliable airtight coating 25 has been applied.
  • a suitable material such as latex or one of the conventional synthetic plastic polymers, may be applied directly to the surface of the material 23 by dipping, spraying or other well known means.
  • Openings 26 through coating 25 allow air to be expelled when the encapsulated block is compacted in a press. As shown in Fig. 7, once the material 23 is compressed, openings 26 are sealed, for example by means of patches 29, to prevent air from re-entering. As long as coating 25 remains unbroken, the material 23 is held in its compressed condition by the force exerted on it by atmospheric pressure.
  • openings 31 are provided in outer wall 12 to enable the user to puncture the wall of slabs 22 with a convenient pointed instrument, such as the writing tip of a ball-point pen, thereby allowing air at atmospheric pressure to enter the previously sealed vacuum container.
  • Figs. 2 and 4 illustrate the appearance and condition of the envelope 11 of Figs. 1 and 3 and enclosed article 19, after mouth 16 has been sealed by flap 13 and the material 23 in slabs 22 exposed to the atmosphere.
  • the material 23 expands to occupy the space between outer wall 12 and inner walls 15. Restricted from expansion outwardly by outer walls 12, the expanding material 23 exerts resilient force against inner walls 15, forcing them into conforming contact with article 19.
  • the compressed material 23 in slabs 22 is designed to extend laterally outwardly of the article 19 to be protected.
  • the purpose of this arrangement is to ensure that on expansion the material 23 substantially surrounds and embraces the article 19. It is advantageous, accordingly, not only that the inner walls 15 form a pouch to receive and position article 12, but in addition, that the pouch be of lesser length and width than the outer wall 12 and the compressed material 23, in order to provide space around the enclosed article for the latter to expand.
  • the envelope device serves as an impact-absorbing pod embracing and conforming closely with its contents.
  • the relative stiffness of the pod, and its overall impact-absorbing characteristics can readily be controlled by selection of a material 23 having the appropriate characteristics forthe intended application, and by tailoring of the dimensions of the outerwall 12 and the initial size and shape of the material 23 to produce the desired results.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • slabs 22 of compressed impact-absorbing material 23 are hermetically sealed under vacuum in enclosures formed by bonding the inner walls 15 of envelope 32 to outer wall 12, thereby eliminating the need for separate vacuum enclosures to hold the compressed material 23 in compressed condition.
  • the envelope 32 is provided with ports 33 in outer wall 12, through which air is expelled during the compression of material 23. These ports 33 are sealed with removable patches 34 once the material 23 has been fully compressed. Material 23 is exposed to atmospheric pressure by merely removing the patches 34.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 is identical in structure and operation with that of Figs. 1-4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
EP86906148A 1985-09-30 1986-09-22 Protective envelope device for packaging fragile articles Expired - Lifetime EP0239619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/781,759 US4620633A (en) 1985-09-30 1985-09-30 Protective envelope device for packaging fragile articles
US781759 1985-09-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0239619A1 EP0239619A1 (en) 1987-10-07
EP0239619A4 EP0239619A4 (en) 1988-09-28
EP0239619B1 true EP0239619B1 (en) 1990-03-14

Family

ID=25123822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86906148A Expired - Lifetime EP0239619B1 (en) 1985-09-30 1986-09-22 Protective envelope device for packaging fragile articles

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4620633A (ja)
EP (1) EP0239619B1 (ja)
JP (2) JPS63502099A (ja)
KR (1) KR930004065B1 (ja)
AU (1) AU6407986A (ja)
CA (1) CA1260878A (ja)
DE (1) DE3669480D1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1987002012A1 (ja)
ZA (1) ZA867270B (ja)

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USD946907S1 (en) 2020-07-29 2022-03-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Sheet with slits
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WO2022094333A1 (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-05 Pregis Innovative Packaging Llc Protective article with expandable polyolefin composite
KR102593501B1 (ko) * 2021-01-28 2023-10-24 김범진 이중봉투 제조방법
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR870700563A (ko) 1987-12-30
JPS63502099A (ja) 1988-08-18
EP0239619A4 (en) 1988-09-28
EP0239619A1 (en) 1987-10-07
JPH0547461B2 (ja) 1993-07-16
JPH0777905B2 (ja) 1995-08-23
ZA867270B (en) 1987-05-27
AU6407986A (en) 1987-04-24
CA1260878A (en) 1989-09-26
KR930004065B1 (ko) 1993-05-20
US4620633B1 (ja) 1991-12-31
US4620633A (en) 1986-11-04
WO1987002012A1 (en) 1987-04-09
DE3669480D1 (de) 1990-04-19
JPH0699990A (ja) 1994-04-12

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