EP0221324A1 - Transducteur de signaux - Google Patents

Transducteur de signaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0221324A1
EP0221324A1 EP86113180A EP86113180A EP0221324A1 EP 0221324 A1 EP0221324 A1 EP 0221324A1 EP 86113180 A EP86113180 A EP 86113180A EP 86113180 A EP86113180 A EP 86113180A EP 0221324 A1 EP0221324 A1 EP 0221324A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
parts
turns
converter
converter according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86113180A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0221324B1 (fr
Inventor
Paul Zwicky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harman International Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Willi Studer AG Fabrik fuer Elektronische Apparate
Studer Revox AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Willi Studer AG Fabrik fuer Elektronische Apparate, Studer Revox AG filed Critical Willi Studer AG Fabrik fuer Elektronische Apparate
Publication of EP0221324A1 publication Critical patent/EP0221324A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0221324B1 publication Critical patent/EP0221324B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/04—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response
    • H04R3/08—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response of electromagnetic transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/002—Damping circuit arrangements for transducers, e.g. motional feedback circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a converter for converting an electrical input signal into an electrical or mechanical output signal with the aid of a winding and with a circuit connected thereto for generating a negative source impedance.
  • the converter has, for example, the construction of a transmitter or transformer.
  • the input signal which has certain current / voltage ratios, is converted into an output signal with other current / voltage ratios.
  • the output signal is a mechanical signal, that is to say a movement or a force
  • the converter has, for example, the construction of an electrodynamic converter or loudspeaker or also the construction of an electric motor. In both cases the winding is in a magnetic field and the current flowing through the winding, i.e. the input signal, causes the winding to move in the magnetic field. This can result in an oscillation or a continuous movement as the output signal.
  • the mechanical vibration of the membrane corresponds as closely as possible to the vibration of the electrical input signal. If this is not exactly the case, the loudspeaker clinks.
  • a possible reason for this, which deserves special attention in this case, is the fact that the current-carrying winding experiences mechanical restoring forces in the magnetic field in which it is located, which disrupt its own movement.
  • the electrical signal in the secondary winding is as exactly as possible proportional to the signal in the primary winding.
  • the transmitter is operated in areas for which its transmission characteristic is linear.
  • the transfer characteristic is not linear if the magnetizing current required by the iron core is not linear.
  • a circuit arrangement in particular with an electromagnetic or mechanical converter, is known from European patent application 0 041 472.
  • This circuit arrangement makes it possible to compensate for the distortions that a signal experiences in such a converter because the iron core has non-linear properties.
  • the voltage drop across the copper resistance of the inductance is determined and compensated for by applying an additional voltage.
  • This additional voltage is generated at a resistor that is connected in series to the winding or its copper equivalent resistor.
  • this resistor In order to optimally perform its function, this resistor must consist of the same material and the same temperature as the winding, for example. In practical terms, this means that this resistor must be located as close to the winding as possible. However, this is often not possible. In a dynamic speaker, for example, such a resistor cannot be placed close enough to the voice coil because there is no room for it.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating a converter in which the signal distortions that arise on the winding can be exactly compensated.
  • the invention is intended to enable precise control of the electromotive force transmitted to the winding.
  • Figure 1 shows a circuit for driving an electromechanical converter with a negative source impedance. This has connections 1 and 2, between which an input voltage Ue occurs.
  • the connection 1 is connected to the earth via resistors R1 and R2 'and a line 4.
  • the connection 2 is also connected to earth via resistors R3 and R4 'and a line 3.
  • a node 5 between the resistors R3 and R4 ' is connected via a line 7 to the non-inverting input 9 of an operational amplifier 8.
  • a node 6 between the resistors R1 and R2 ' is connected via a line 11 to the inverting input 10 of the operational amplifier 8.
  • the output 12 of the operational amplifier 8 is connected on the one hand via a line 13 and a resistor R4 to the node 5 and on the other hand to a winding 14.
  • the resistor R4 with the lines 7 and 13 forms a positive feedback to the non-inverting input 9 of the operational amplifier 8.
  • the winding 14 consists of a first part 15 and a second part 16. In between, a tap 17 is provided for a line 18 which connects the winding 14 to the node 6 via a resistor R2.
  • the line 18, the resistor R2 and the line 11 form a negative feedback to the inverting input 10 of the operational amplifier 8.
  • An equivalent resistor 19 is arranged between the output 12 of the operational amplifier 8 and the first part 15 of the winding 14.
  • the winding 14 can be understood, for example, as a voice coil of a dynamic loudspeaker or as a coil or armature winding of a DC motor.
  • the resistors R1, R2, R2 'with lines 4, 11, 18 form a resistance network A.
  • Resistors R3, R4, R4' with lines 3, 7, 13 form a resistance network B.
  • FIG. 2 shows a converter 20 which is connected to a circuit for driving it with a negative source impedance similar to FIG. 1.
  • This also has connections 1 and 2, between which an input voltage Ue occurs with the opposite polarity.
  • Resistors R1, R2, R2 'and lines 4, 11 , 18 are also assigned to terminal 1, but are connected to inverting input 10 of operational amplifier 8. Together, these form a resistance network A.
  • Resistors R3, R4, R4 'and lines 3, 7, 13 are also assigned to connection 2, but are connected to non-inverting input 9 of operational amplifier 8. Together they form a resistance network B.
  • the first part 15 of the winding 14 is connected on the one hand to the output 12 of the operational amplifier 8 and on the other hand via the tap 17 to the line 13.
  • the second part 16 lies between the tap 17 and the equivalent resistor 19, which means here that the second part 16 of the winding 14 has a higher ohmic resistance.
  • the equivalent resistor 19 is also connected to the earth.
  • the winding 14 is understood as part of a transmitter or converter 20, in particular as a primary winding.
  • a core 21 and a secondary winding 22 are also provided. This has connections 23 and 24, between which an output voltage Ua occurs. This converter 20 is thus able to convert an input voltage Ue into an output voltage Ua.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a circuit for generating a negative source impedance with a converter and accordingly with a winding 25 which has a first part 26 and a second part 27. Both parts 26 and 27 are connected to one another via a tap 28. An equivalent resistor 29 is assigned to the first part 26.
  • the first part 26 is at an output 30 of a first Opera tion amplifier 31 connected. This has an inverting input 32 which is connected to an input 35 via a line 33, a node 34 and a resistor R3.
  • the non-inverting input 36 of the operational amplifier 31 is connected to the earth.
  • a resistor R6 and a line 37 form a feedback of the output 30 to the inverting input 32.
  • a further feedback from the tap 28 to the inverting input 32 is formed by a resistor R7 and a line 38.
  • the second part 27 of the winding 25 is connected to an output 39 of a second operational amplifier 40.
  • Its non-inverting input 41 is connected to earth.
  • Its inverting input 42 is connected via a line 43 and a resistor R8 to the output 39, which results in a negative feedback.
  • the lines 43 and 37 are connected to one another via a further line 44 and a resistor R9, so that the inverting inputs 32 and 42 are connected to one another via the resistors R6 and R9 and the lines 37 and 44.
  • This arrangement corresponds to a push-pull output stage for a dynamic loudspeaker.
  • FIG. 4 shows a converter which is designed as a dynamic loudspeaker 45.
  • a magnetic circuit 46 with pole pieces 47 and 48 between which a magnetic field 49 is generated.
  • a voice coil 50 (as winding 14) is arranged to be movable parallel to an axis 51 of the transducer. It is firmly connected to a movable membrane 52 in a known manner.
  • the voice coil 50 is divided into a first part 53 with connections 54 and 55 and a second part 56 with connections 57 and 58.
  • the connections 55 and 57 meet in a tap 59 which, like the connection 54, is connected to a circuit 60 for generating a negative source impedance.
  • this arrangement means that the turns of the first part 53 of the voice coil 50 have a smaller diameter than the turns of the second part 56.
  • the turns of the second Part 56 have a smaller wire cross-section than the turns of the first part 53.
  • FIG. 5 shows, for example, a rotationally symmetrical winding of a transmitter 61 with primary windings 62 and 63 and a secondary winding 64 arranged between them. This arrangement also ensures that the ohmic resistance in the primary windings 62 and 63 is not the same, but that the electromotive Force or the magnetic induction that each primary winding 62 and 63 generates when a current flows through it, is the same size.
  • Such idle operation is possible, for example, if the converter consists of a DC motor. Then the DC motor cannot generate torque. However, if the transducer is a dynamic loudspeaker, the magnetic field in which the voice coil and thus the winding 14 is located is switched off. If the converter is a transmitter 20, the secondary winding 22 does not generate a magnetic field in idle operation, since between the connections 23 and 24 no electricity flows. The primary winding 14 is then also unloaded.
  • the second part 16 of the winding 14 has a higher resistance than the equivalent resistor 19. Since the resistance in the positive feedback thus drops, the voltage between the inputs 9 and 10 of the operational amplifier 8 rises. This has the consequence that the amplifier is increased. In both cases, the circuit with the converter reacts to a load current increase with an increase in the terminal voltage Uo at the output 12. This corresponds to the negative source impedance.
  • the equivalent resistor 19 is not installed as such, but is expressed, for example, in that the cross section of a wire which forms the part 15 is different from the cross cut the wire that forms part 16 of winding 14. This with the same number of turns for the two parts 1 5 and 16. Another possibility is to make the length of the wire for a turn of one part of the winding 14 larger than for the other part of the winding 14. This is due to the arrangements of the Winding 14 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 is achieved.
  • the equivalent resistor 19 can also be achieved by turns, the materials of which have a different electrical conductivity for each of the two parts 15, 16 of the winding 14.
  • the circuit according to Figure 3 shows a counter; '- Actuator for a loudspeaker.
  • the winding 25 forms the voice coil.
  • the part 26 is therefore assigned an equivalent resistor 29 in a known manner. With this arrangement, however, the voltage in the tap 28 is no longer zero, as if the two parts 26 and 27 of the winding 25 had the same resistances.
  • the negative feedback R7, 38 to the input 32 of the first operational amplifier 31 changes the amplification of the first operational amplifier 31 compared to the amplification of the second operational amplifier 40 in such a way that the voltage occurs again at the tap 28 and is maintained.
  • a DC motor 65 is shown in simplified form as a converter.
  • a circuit for generating a negative source impedance 66 is connected to it.
  • the direct current motor 65 has a rotor 67 with at least one permanent magnetic north pole N and south pole S each.
  • the rotor 67 is rotatably mounted in a stator 68, which is known per se and is therefore not shown here in more detail, which has, for example, three poles 69, 70 and 71 with windings 72, 73 and 74.
  • a commutation sensor 75 is arranged in the vicinity of the rotor 67.
  • the windings 72, 73 and 74 are again shown schematically in the circuit 66.
  • each have two parts 72 a and b, 73 a and b and 74 a and b, which are each separated by a tap 76, 77 and 78. These are connected via lines 79, 80 and 81 to a .06 switch.
  • One end 82, 83 and 84 of the windings 72, 73 and 74 are each connected to a further changeover switch 88 via a line 85, 86 and 87.
  • the other end 89, 90 and 91 is connected to earth via an equivalent resistor 92, 93 and 94, which is now known in its meaning.
  • the changeover switches 106 and 88 each have a rotatable switching element 95 and 96 which can periodically make contact with the lines 85, 86, 87 and 79, 80, 81 and break them off again.
  • the movement of the rotatable switching elements 95 and 96 is controlled by the commutation sensor 75 in a manner known per se, control commands being transmitted via a line 97.
  • the switching elements 95 and 96 are electrically connected via lines 98 and 99 to a resistor network A and B, which are further connected via lines 100 and 101 to an operational amplifier 102. Its output 103 is also connected to line 98.
  • Resistor networks A and B each have an input 104 and 105.
  • the mode of operation of the circuit 66 corresponds to that of FIG. 2. With the difference that, depending on the position of the rotor 67, the switching elements 95 and 96 connect the lines 98 and 99 to the windings 72, 73 or 74.
  • FIG. 7 shows a section along line 107 through the pole 71 and the winding 74.
  • the two parts 74 a and 74 b can be seen here.
  • the part 74b has a larger wire length per turn, which results in an increased ohmic resistance. This is indicated in FIG. 6 by the equivalent resistor 94.
  • the two parts 74a and 74b have the same number of turns.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
EP86113180A 1985-10-07 1986-09-25 Transducteur de signaux Expired - Lifetime EP0221324B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH432685 1985-10-07
CH4326/85 1985-10-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0221324A1 true EP0221324A1 (fr) 1987-05-13
EP0221324B1 EP0221324B1 (fr) 1991-05-22

Family

ID=4273984

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86113180A Expired - Lifetime EP0221324B1 (fr) 1985-10-07 1986-09-25 Transducteur de signaux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4720665A (fr)
EP (1) EP0221324B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3679373D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0350652A1 (fr) * 1988-07-15 1990-01-17 Studer Revox Ag Haut-parleur électrodynamique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE853298C (de) * 1950-08-01 1952-10-23 Bernhard Philberth Rueckgekoppelter dynamischer Lautsprecher
US3416091A (en) * 1965-03-05 1968-12-10 Northern Electric Co Amplifier circuit having feedback connection for reducing distortion caused by the non-linear characteristic of its output transformer
FR2236331A1 (en) * 1973-05-16 1975-01-31 Rodier Michel Speed regulation of electro-mechanical transducers - dynamically annuls apparent resistance by introducing resistance
FR2345880A1 (fr) * 1976-03-24 1977-10-21 Stahl Karl Procede pour ameliorer la reproduction des graves dans un haut-parleur, et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0041472A1 (fr) * 1980-05-31 1981-12-09 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH Circuit comportant un amplificateur relié à un transformateur de sortie
US4335274A (en) * 1980-01-11 1982-06-15 Ayers Richard A Sound reproduction system

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3965441A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-06-22 Trw Inc. Parallel resonant circuit with feedback means for increasing Q
US4514675A (en) * 1983-01-14 1985-04-30 Kanars Data Corporation Electronic damper for pulse motor
US4554504A (en) * 1984-04-30 1985-11-19 Reliance Electric Company Negative resistance compensated transformer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE853298C (de) * 1950-08-01 1952-10-23 Bernhard Philberth Rueckgekoppelter dynamischer Lautsprecher
US3416091A (en) * 1965-03-05 1968-12-10 Northern Electric Co Amplifier circuit having feedback connection for reducing distortion caused by the non-linear characteristic of its output transformer
FR2236331A1 (en) * 1973-05-16 1975-01-31 Rodier Michel Speed regulation of electro-mechanical transducers - dynamically annuls apparent resistance by introducing resistance
FR2345880A1 (fr) * 1976-03-24 1977-10-21 Stahl Karl Procede pour ameliorer la reproduction des graves dans un haut-parleur, et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4335274A (en) * 1980-01-11 1982-06-15 Ayers Richard A Sound reproduction system
EP0041472A1 (fr) * 1980-05-31 1981-12-09 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH Circuit comportant un amplificateur relié à un transformateur de sortie

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0350652A1 (fr) * 1988-07-15 1990-01-17 Studer Revox Ag Haut-parleur électrodynamique
US5129005A (en) * 1988-07-15 1992-07-07 Studer Revox Ag Electrodynamic loudspeaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4720665A (en) 1988-01-19
DE3679373D1 (de) 1991-06-27
EP0221324B1 (fr) 1991-05-22

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