EP0218733A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum schnellen Trocknen von keramischen Produkten - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum schnellen Trocknen von keramischen Produkten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0218733A2
EP0218733A2 EP85112264A EP85112264A EP0218733A2 EP 0218733 A2 EP0218733 A2 EP 0218733A2 EP 85112264 A EP85112264 A EP 85112264A EP 85112264 A EP85112264 A EP 85112264A EP 0218733 A2 EP0218733 A2 EP 0218733A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oven
drying
vacuum
air
pipes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85112264A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0218733A3 (en
EP0218733B1 (de
Inventor
Giulio Galeone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ART CERAMICHE Srl
Original Assignee
ART CERAMICHE Srl
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ART CERAMICHE Srl filed Critical ART CERAMICHE Srl
Publication of EP0218733A2 publication Critical patent/EP0218733A2/de
Publication of EP0218733A3 publication Critical patent/EP0218733A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0218733B1 publication Critical patent/EP0218733B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum

Definitions

  • Dryers for ceramics of the static type under air stream are known, or of the type where the pieces to be dried are placed in an oven, the walls of which are surrounded by heat radiating surfaces, fed with electric current or heated liquid. It is also known the difficulty of drying ceramics of a certain size in a short time.
  • process of the present invention allows to match the physical condition of the material during the various stages of drying (drying together with shrinkage or drying alone).
  • the process according to the present invention consists in causing evaporation of water to be removed from the pieces by placing them in a heated ambient in presence of hot air adapted to reach all the most concealed recesses of the materials to be dried and then by placing the ambient under a rather high vacuum.
  • First stage heating of the piece introduced in a static or slightly ventilated room, at a pressure equal to that of the externalenvironment.
  • the internal room tends to becume steam saturated and therefore it occurs a heating in a nearly saturated ambient and with limited evaporation, this lasting almost up to the end of the shrinkage phase.
  • Second stage ambient is put under vacuum at about 380 Torr (500 millibars) and at the same time inlet of ambient air is effected through a device adapted to cause inside the oven a motion of highly turbulent air, so that the temperature of the material to be processed is kept above that of water evaporation under the above mentioned conditions.
  • Air may be preheated or it is heated through the supply ducts which are arranged inside the drying oven. Air motion is automatically caused by the high pressure differential between internal room and external environment. Duration and use of each stage depends from the shape of the article, the type of material and humidity contents with which the article enters the dryer.
  • the first stage is particularly suitable for the most difficult pieces to be dried, which must be shrunk, but it may be dispensed with in case it is not indispensable, either for the shape of the article, or when the humidity contents of the piece at its entrance in the oven is already lower than that causing the contemporaneous shrinkage in the particular article and material involved.
  • the second stage which is the most efficient, is that allowing to decrease strongly the drying time because of the high turbulence caused by the inlet device where air reaches a speed close to the sound velocity, so that even the most recessed zones of the article are touched and dangerous zones of concentrated drying are avoided.
  • the third stage allows to complete quickly the drying cycle because of the increased vacuum, so as to remove even the last spots of residual humidity.
  • the second solution is particularly suitable for plants having a high output, combining in a single operation the first two stages at ambient pressure and employing two separate rooms, namely:
  • Second stage The pieces are transferred to a second tunnel provided with heat radiating walls where a rather high vacuum is obtained, of about 60-45 Torr.
  • the reference numeral 1 is a dryer for ceramic material of known type as to form and shape, substantially comprising a metal inner structure 2 with parallelepipedal section in the form of a tunnel, externally covered by . an insulating shell 3 enclosed by a protective envelope 4.
  • a set of radiating panels 5 of electric type or fed with diathermic oil, so as to give the heat required for evaporation of water contained in the ceramic products to be dried.
  • the dryer is also provided in its lower part with rails 6 and 7 on which trolleys 8 are running, on which the pieces 9 to be dried are placed, as well as with a door 10 which is closed once the dryer is loaded, and the foregoing is the known prior art structure.
  • a pipe 11 is inserted, in communication at one end with the interior of the oven and connected at the other end with a vacuum pump 12.
  • Even more than one pump may be provided for a better distribution of suction in the oven, or for better commensuration of suction or vacuum level to the type of material to be processed, so as to avoid use of a too large apparatus when a smaller vacuum and/or suction is required.
  • the vertical pipes 13, 16, 18 are connected at their upper end with the longitudinal manifold 20 and the pipes 14, 15, 17 with the longitudinal manifold 21, said manifold being in turn connected each other by a single cross pipe 22 which sucks air from atmosphere through the upright pipe 23.
  • Sucked air may be preheated, if necessary, but it is generally sufficient the heating obtained by the simple passage in the pipes delivering it inside the oven.
  • one of the three stages may be dispensed with.
  • the plant consists of two indipendent elements 101 and 201 arranged in series.
  • the element 101 the first stage of quick drying with shinkage takes place, and in the element 201 occurs the second stage of final drying without shrinkage.
  • the element 101 is substantially a dryer for ceramic materials of known type as to shape and form, essentially comprising an internal metal structure 102 of parallelepipedal section in the form of a tunnel, externally covered with an insulating shell 103 enclosed in a protective envelope 104.
  • an internal metal structure 102 of parallelepipedal section in the form of a tunnel, externally covered with an insulating shell 103 enclosed in a protective envelope 104.
  • blowing pipes 105, 105' etc. provided with nozzles adapted to produce a laminar blow.
  • the dryer is also provided in its lower part with rails 106, 107 on which trolleys 108 are running, on which the pieces 109 to be dried are placed.
  • the tunnel is closed at its ends by moving lamellar elements 110, adapted to allow passage therethrough of the trolleys with the material and at the same time a certain air sealing.
  • blowing pipes are connected to one or more manifolds 111 in turn connected to one or more fans 112 adapted to suck hot air from a suitable source and to supply it to the blowing pipes 105, 105'.
  • the relative position between blowing pipes and material to be dried does not remain stationary, but on the contrary an alternative motion is imparted either to the blowing pipes or to the trolleys during the whole drying time which takes place in the short term of about one hour, the motion having a width equal to the distance between two blowing pipes in order to sweep with the blown air the material to be dried.
  • the device for effecting the alternative motion is not shown in the drawings, but there are several devices of different mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic type which are well known to a man skilled in the art.
  • the element 201 is also substantially a drying oven for ceramic materials of known type as to shape and form, essentially comprising an internal metal structure 202 of parallelepipedal section in the form of a tunnel, externally covered by an insulating shell 203 enclosed in a protective envelope 204.
  • an internal metal structure 202 of parallelepipedal section in the form of a tunnel externally covered by an insulating shell 203 enclosed in a protective envelope 204.
  • a set of radiating panels 205 of electric type or heated with diathermic oil, so as to produce the heat required for evaporation of water contained in the ceramic products to be dried.
  • the dryer is also provided in its lower part with rails 106 and 107 on which run the trolley 108 carrying the pieces 109 to be dried and with the doors 206 and 207 which are closed once the dryer is loaded.
  • a pipe 208 communicating at one end with the oven interior and at the other end with a vacuum pump 209.
  • Even more than one pump may be provided for a better distribution of suction in the oven, or for better commensuration of suction or vacuum level to the type of material to be processed, so as to avoid use of a too large apparatus when a smaller vacuum and/or suction is required.
  • This particular arrangement is such, that during operation of the system,the trolleys are transferred to the second drying oven 201, after completion of the first stage in the first element 101.
  • Air-tight doors 206 and 207 are closed, the heating device 205 and the vacuum pump 209 are actuated and at the same time additional trolleys are introduced in the first dryer 101.
  • the pump is stopped, doors are open and the oven is unloaded so as to be ready for a new operative cycle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP85112264A 1985-09-13 1985-09-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum schnellen Trocknen von keramischen Produkten Expired - Lifetime EP0218733B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2214485 1985-09-13
IT22144/85A IT1185911B (it) 1985-09-13 1985-09-13 Procedimento per l'essiccazione rapida di ceramica e impianto per realizzarlo

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0218733A2 true EP0218733A2 (de) 1987-04-22
EP0218733A3 EP0218733A3 (en) 1988-04-20
EP0218733B1 EP0218733B1 (de) 1991-01-23

Family

ID=11192146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85112264A Expired - Lifetime EP0218733B1 (de) 1985-09-13 1985-09-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum schnellen Trocknen von keramischen Produkten

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0218733B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3581542D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1185911B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0423377A1 (de) * 1989-09-15 1991-04-24 International Business Machines Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Gegenständen
WO1994005961A1 (de) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-17 Aichelin Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von industriefässern
EP0639747A1 (de) * 1993-08-21 1995-02-22 Dürr GmbH Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trocknen eines nach einer Bearbeitung mit einer Reinigungsflüssigkeit gereinigten Werkstücks
EP1314521A1 (de) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-28 Tecnicas de Vacio, S.L. Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Trocknung von keramischen Fliesen
EP2098811A2 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-09 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Tunneltrockner zum Trocknen von Formlingen, mit in Querabständen einander gegenüberliegend angeordneten Lufteinlässen und Tunnelmodul für einen Tunneltrockner
EP2264261A1 (de) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-22 Miquel Ventura Monsó Stange mit Keramikkern und Verfahren zum Erhalten von keramischen Stücken zum Bilden des Kerns
CN114800820A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-29 重庆安都陶瓷有限公司 酒坛陶罐胚体自动干燥系统
CN116238036A (zh) * 2023-03-02 2023-06-09 保靖县金锋陶瓷有限责任公司 一种陶瓷酒瓶施釉用的烘干机
CN117085810A (zh) * 2023-09-05 2023-11-21 国环高科(北京)环保科技有限公司 全自动土壤研磨烘干筛分系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108253737A (zh) * 2018-03-07 2018-07-06 吴江市松陵电器设备有限公司 一种将工件置于真空盒内的隧道式干燥装置及方法
CN112622011B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2022-04-26 安徽晶宫绿建集团有限公司 一种混凝土预制构件生产用立体蒸汽养护釜

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR489332A (fr) * 1918-03-19 1919-01-22 Vincent De Messimy Procédé et appareil pour la déshydratation des légumes, des fruits et des produits analogues
US1415623A (en) * 1918-10-12 1922-05-09 Vacuum Company Method of drying goods
FR582392A (fr) * 1923-09-04 1924-12-17 Beirnaert Droulers & Toulemond Séchoir continu pour produits céramiques
GB277135A (en) * 1926-06-25 1927-09-15 Drying Systems Inc Improvements in drying devices
US2802281A (en) * 1955-01-27 1957-08-13 Charles F Stone Apparatus for seasoning green wood
DE1202732B (de) * 1961-01-11 1965-10-07 Siemens Ag Trocknungsverfahren mit wechselndem Evakuieren des Trocknungsraumes
FR2173958A1 (de) * 1972-01-14 1973-10-12 Tweedy Of Burnley Ltd
FR2484068A1 (fr) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-11 Pagnozzi Vincenzo Ensemble pour le sechage de matieres solides, notamment du bois
US4354827A (en) * 1981-04-17 1982-10-19 Midland-Ross Corporation Process and device for improving heat exchange in furnaces heated by radiant heaters
DE3104499A1 (de) * 1981-02-09 1982-10-28 Rosenthal Ag, 8672 Selb Unterdruckanlage zum trocknen von keramischen formlingen

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR489332A (fr) * 1918-03-19 1919-01-22 Vincent De Messimy Procédé et appareil pour la déshydratation des légumes, des fruits et des produits analogues
US1415623A (en) * 1918-10-12 1922-05-09 Vacuum Company Method of drying goods
FR582392A (fr) * 1923-09-04 1924-12-17 Beirnaert Droulers & Toulemond Séchoir continu pour produits céramiques
GB277135A (en) * 1926-06-25 1927-09-15 Drying Systems Inc Improvements in drying devices
US2802281A (en) * 1955-01-27 1957-08-13 Charles F Stone Apparatus for seasoning green wood
DE1202732B (de) * 1961-01-11 1965-10-07 Siemens Ag Trocknungsverfahren mit wechselndem Evakuieren des Trocknungsraumes
FR2173958A1 (de) * 1972-01-14 1973-10-12 Tweedy Of Burnley Ltd
FR2484068A1 (fr) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-11 Pagnozzi Vincenzo Ensemble pour le sechage de matieres solides, notamment du bois
DE3104499A1 (de) * 1981-02-09 1982-10-28 Rosenthal Ag, 8672 Selb Unterdruckanlage zum trocknen von keramischen formlingen
US4354827A (en) * 1981-04-17 1982-10-19 Midland-Ross Corporation Process and device for improving heat exchange in furnaces heated by radiant heaters

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0423377A1 (de) * 1989-09-15 1991-04-24 International Business Machines Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Gegenständen
US5133136A (en) * 1989-09-15 1992-07-28 International Business Machines Corporation Method of and apparatus for drying articles
US5513446A (en) * 1992-09-07 1996-05-07 Aichelin Gmbh Method and apparatus for drying industrial barrels
WO1994005961A1 (de) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-17 Aichelin Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von industriefässern
EP0639747A1 (de) * 1993-08-21 1995-02-22 Dürr GmbH Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trocknen eines nach einer Bearbeitung mit einer Reinigungsflüssigkeit gereinigten Werkstücks
EP1314521A1 (de) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-28 Tecnicas de Vacio, S.L. Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Trocknung von keramischen Fliesen
EP2098811A2 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-09 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Tunneltrockner zum Trocknen von Formlingen, mit in Querabständen einander gegenüberliegend angeordneten Lufteinlässen und Tunnelmodul für einen Tunneltrockner
EP2098811A3 (de) * 2008-03-07 2014-08-27 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Tunneltrockner zum Trocknen von Formlingen, mit in Querabständen einander gegenüberliegend angeordneten Lufteinlässen und Tunnelmodul für einen Tunneltrockner
EP2264261A1 (de) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-22 Miquel Ventura Monsó Stange mit Keramikkern und Verfahren zum Erhalten von keramischen Stücken zum Bilden des Kerns
CN114800820A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-29 重庆安都陶瓷有限公司 酒坛陶罐胚体自动干燥系统
CN114800820B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2024-01-23 重庆安都陶瓷有限公司 酒坛陶罐胚体自动干燥系统
CN116238036A (zh) * 2023-03-02 2023-06-09 保靖县金锋陶瓷有限责任公司 一种陶瓷酒瓶施釉用的烘干机
CN116238036B (zh) * 2023-03-02 2023-10-03 保靖县金锋陶瓷有限责任公司 一种陶瓷酒瓶施釉用的烘干机
CN117085810A (zh) * 2023-09-05 2023-11-21 国环高科(北京)环保科技有限公司 全自动土壤研磨烘干筛分系统
CN117085810B (zh) * 2023-09-05 2024-02-09 国环高科(北京)环保科技有限公司 全自动土壤研磨烘干筛分系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0218733A3 (en) 1988-04-20
IT1185911B (it) 1987-11-18
EP0218733B1 (de) 1991-01-23
DE3581542D1 (de) 1991-02-28
IT8522144A0 (it) 1985-09-13

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