EP0217021B1 - Dériveur de surtension et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Dériveur de surtension et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0217021B1
EP0217021B1 EP86109758A EP86109758A EP0217021B1 EP 0217021 B1 EP0217021 B1 EP 0217021B1 EP 86109758 A EP86109758 A EP 86109758A EP 86109758 A EP86109758 A EP 86109758A EP 0217021 B1 EP0217021 B1 EP 0217021B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
moulding compound
filler
resistor
particle size
granules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86109758A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0217021A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Rudolf Dr. Beer
Helmut Britsch
Tomy Dr. Kaiser
Günther Maier
Alois Muff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0217021A1 publication Critical patent/EP0217021A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0217021B1 publication Critical patent/EP0217021B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a surge arrester according to the first part of claim 1 and a method for its production.
  • connection fittings and with electrodes for controlling the voltage distribution are known, for example.
  • the electrodes are cast without a gap in a housing which consists of a hardened plastic matrix in which insulating, inorganic filler, which is largely formed as granules, is embedded. More than 80 percent by weight of the housing consist of filler.
  • the connection fittings are connected as separate assemblies to the housing and the respective end electrodes for controlling the voltage distribution.
  • a surge arrester is also known from patent specification EP 0 004 349, in which a resistance body made of voltage-dependent resistance material is surrounded by a housing without a gap.
  • This housing consists of a molding compound made of porcelain, which was sintered together just below the sintering temperature of the resistance body. The sintering temperature was over 1000 ° C, it can only be achieved with high energy consumption.
  • the connection fittings are attached after the sintering process by means of an elaborate adhesive and screwing process, a seal still having to be installed which protects the connection zone of the resistance body against any contamination.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, has the object to provide a surge arrester, the housing of which can be manufactured more quickly and cheaply with simple means, and to specify a method for its production.
  • the advantage of the invention can be seen in the fact that the mass production of surge arresters can be accelerated in a simple manner.
  • the surge arrester forms a one-piece assembly with its connection fittings and can easily be designed so that it can also be used as a support.
  • FIG. 1 shows a surge arrester composed of a plurality of cylindrical resistor bodies 1 which are in contact with one another on the respective end faces.
  • the resistance bodies 1 consist of voltage-dependent resistance material.
  • These connection fittings 3 have groove-like depressions 4.
  • the groove-like depressions 4 do not have to be angular, as shown, their contours can also be well rounded in order to reliably avoid any notch effects. Flats can also be provided in this area, which connect a twisting of the connection fitting 3.
  • An insulating housing 5 surrounds the stack of resistance bodies 1 and the respective contact area between the connection fittings 3 and the end faces 2 without a gap.
  • the housing 5 consists of a hardened plastic matrix in which an electrically insulating inorganic filler is embedded.
  • the filler content in the housing 5 is more than 80 percent by weight.
  • the housing 5 can, as shown on the left side, be provided with ribs 6 for outdoor use. For interior conditions, the version without ribs, as shown on the right, is sufficient.
  • the insulating filler mainly consists of commercially available granulated quartz.
  • the filler also contains a mixture of spherical bodies, the majority of which have a smaller particle size than the smallest particles of the granulated quartz material.
  • the spherical bodies are made of E-glass.
  • the ratio between granules made of quartz material and spherical bodies made of E-glass is almost 2: 1 in weight percent.
  • connection fittings 3 are advantageously made of steel.
  • the expansion coefficients of the connection fittings 3, the resistance body 1 and the housing 5 are then matched to one another such that small cracks can occur in the housing 5 when the surge arrester is heated due to operation. Furthermore, no detachment phenomena can occur between the housing 5 and the resistance body 1 and also between the housing 5 and the connection fittings 3. Likewise, the contact force required between the connection fittings 3 and the end faces 2 of the resistance body 1 is always maintained via the housing 5.
  • the adhesion between the connection fittings 3 and the housing 5 is improved by these groove-like depressions 4, which also increase the capacity of the housing 5 for axial forces.
  • FIG. 2 shows a connection section of an overvoltage arrester for the interior area, in which the connection fitting 3 is conical.
  • This form of the connection fitting 3 ensures a particularly good transmission of the axial forces from Housing 5 on the resistance body 1.
  • a flat 7 on the connection fitting 3 is intended to prevent rotation; it is also possible to apply several areas.
  • the stack of resistance bodies 1 is cast with a molding compound together with the contact area of the connection fittings 3 contacting this stack on the end faces 2.
  • This molding compound is mixed from the filler and casting resin in a ratio of at least 4: 1 percent by weight.
  • the filler mainly consists of granules, which contain particles of different sizes in different fractions.
  • the filler also contains a mixture of spherical bodies in which particles of different sizes are also contained in different fractions.
  • the size range of the particles of the different fractions of the filler overlap.
  • the largest particles of the fraction with the largest spherical bodies are larger than the smallest particles of the fraction with the smallest granulate particles.
  • the majority of the spherical bodies however, have a smaller particle size than the smallest granulate particles.
  • the granules consist of three fractions of quartz material, the average particle sizes of these three fractions being approximately 1: 2: 2.5.
  • the mixture of spherical bodies consists of two fractions of E-glass spheres, the mean particle sizes of which are approximately 1: 4.5.
  • the E-glass spherical bodies are coated with an adhesion promoter.
  • the filler components are mixed with the filler, heated and pre-dried before the casting resin is mixed.
  • the molding compound made of casting resin and filler is mixed, it is already degassed.
  • the casting resin used for the molding composition can come from one of the following four groups: anhydride-hardened epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic resins and polyurethane resins. Unsaturated polyester resins and acrylic resins can be used particularly cheaply, since these resins harden quickly without additional heat.
  • connection fittings 3 and the resistance bodies 1 are inserted into a casting mold and mechanically prestressed by means of springs, for example, in order to achieve good and reliable contact with one another. Furthermore, this mechanical bracing ensures that during the subsequent casting with the molding compound no gaps occur between the resistance bodies 1 themselves and between the resistance bodies 1 and the connection fittings 3, into which the molding compound could flow.
  • the casting mold is placed in a vacuum chamber with the longitudinal axis set vertically. The negative pressure in this chamber supports the flow of the molding compound into the mold.
  • the casting mold is exposed to mechanical vibrations, which on the one hand support the flow of the molding compound and on the other hand ensure that all cavities in the casting mold are filled.
  • the mold After the mold has been filled with the molding compound, the mold is removed from the vacuum chamber and placed in an oven. The molding compound is then cured for around 20 hours at changing temperatures in the range of 80 ° to 140 ° C. After the completion of this process, the housing 5 is formed from the molding compound, which holds the surge arrester together after the mold has been opened.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Dériveur de surtension avec deux armatures de raccordement (3), avec au moins une résistance connectée aux armatures de raccordement (3), avec un boîtier électriquement isolant (5) moulé sans espacement autour de la résistance, en une matrice synthétique durcie dans laquelle est noyé un matériau de remplissage inorganique isolant, essentiellement sous forme de granulat, plus de 80% en poids du boîtier (5) étant constitués par ce matériau de remplissage, carctérisé en ce que:
ladite au moins une résistance est constituée par au moins en empilement de corps résistants (1) en un matériau résistant dépendant de la tension,
le boîtier (5) entoure ledit au moins un empilement de corps résistants (1) et la zone des armatures de raccordement (3) connectée à celui-ci,
dans le matériau de remplissage est contenu en plus un mélange de corps sphériques, et
la plus grande partie des corps sphériques présente une granulométrie inférieure à celle des plus petites particules dun granulat.
2. Dériveur de surtension suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
le granulat est constitué de silice vitreuse,
les corps sphériques sont réalisés en verre non alcalin, et
le rapport du granulat en silice vitreuse aux corps sphériques en verre non alcalin est, en pourcents en poids, d'environ 2:1.
3. Dériveur de surtension suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les armatures de raccordement (3) sont fabriquées en acier et présentent au moins un creux (4) en forme de nervure aux points de liaison avec le boîtier (5).
4. Procédé de fabrication d'un dériveur de surtension suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le matériau de remplissage et une résine de moulage sont mélangés dans un rapport pondéral d'au moins 4:1 en une matière à mouler avec laquelle ladite au moins une résistance est enrobée par moulage, caractérisé en ce que, avant de mélanger la matière à mouler, on mélange le matériau de remplissage sous forme d'un granulat, dans lequel sont continues des particules de différentes granulométries en différentes fractions, et un mélange de corps sphériques, dans lequel sont présentes différentes granulométries en différentes fractions, les plus grosses particules de la fraction avec les plus gros corps sphériques étant plus grosses que les plus petites particules de la fraction avec les plus petites particules du granulat, et la plus grande partie des corps sphériques présentant une granulométrie inférieure à celle du granulat.
5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que
le granulat se compose d'au moins trois fractions de silice vitreuse dont les granulomètries moyennes sont environ dans les rapports 1:2:2,5, et
le mélange de corps sphériques se compose d'au moins deux fractions de billes de verre non alcalin dont les granulométries moyennes sont environ dans le rapport 1:4,5.
6. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que
avant le mélange de la résine de moulage avec le matériau de remplissage, les constituants du matériau de remplissage sont mélangés, chauffés et préséchés, et
pendant le mélange de la résine de moulage avec le matériau de remplissage, on dégaze la matière à mouler.
7. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la résine de moulage utilisée pour la matière à mouler provient de l'un des groupes des résines époxy durcies à l'anhydride, des résines polyester insaturées, des résines acryliques et des résines de polyuré- thane.
8. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une résistance constituée par au moins un empilement de corps résistants (1) est enrobée par la matière à mouler, ainsi que la zone des armatures de raccordement (3) en contact avec celui-ci.
9. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que
ledit au moins un empilement de corps résistants (1) est, avant l'enrobage par la matière à mouler avec les armatures de raccordement (3) placé dans un moule sous une précontrainte mécanique réciproque,
le moule est ensuite introduit dans une chambre sous vide, avec son axe longitudinal en position verticale, et
la dépression de celle-ci et la mise en vibration du moule favorisent l'écoulement de la matière à mouler dans le moule.
10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que
la matière à mouler est obtenue en mélangeant environ les constituants suivants en poids:
6,5% de résine époxy,
6,5% de durcisseur,
0,01 % d'accélérateur,
26,7% de silice vitreuse avec une granulomè- trie de 0,355 à 2 mm,
17,4% de silice vitreuse avec une granulomè- trie de 0,25 à 0,71 mm,
13,4% de silice vitreuse avec une granulomè- trie de 0,125 à 0,355 mm,
4,4% de corps sphériques en verre non alcalin avec une granulométrie de 0,075 à 0,15 mm,
26,1% de corps sphériques en verre non alcalin avec une granulométrie de 0 à 0,05 mm, les matériaux de remplissage sont chauffés à 120°C-140°C et sont ensuite mis en oeuvre à chaud,
la matière à mouler est dégazée pendant au moins dix minutes,
la dépression lors de la coulée de la matière à mouler atteint 600 à 1000 Pascal,
les vibrations appliquées au moule ont une fréquence de 100 à 200 Hz avec une amplitude de 0,1 à 1 mm,
le durcissement de la matière à mouler est effectué pendant environ 20 h à des températures variant dans un domaine de 80°C à 140°C.
EP86109758A 1985-09-02 1986-07-16 Dériveur de surtension et son procédé de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0217021B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH377485 1985-09-02
CH3774/85 1985-09-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0217021A1 EP0217021A1 (fr) 1987-04-08
EP0217021B1 true EP0217021B1 (fr) 1990-04-18

Family

ID=4263201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86109758A Expired - Lifetime EP0217021B1 (fr) 1985-09-02 1986-07-16 Dériveur de surtension et son procédé de fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4805064A (fr)
EP (1) EP0217021B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2509575B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3670544D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE63399T1 (de) * 1986-12-12 1991-05-15 Sediver Verfahren zur herstellung eines blitzableiters und durch dieses verfahren hergestellter blitzableiter.
JPS63208202A (ja) * 1987-02-25 1988-08-29 三菱電機株式会社 避雷装置
JP6027935B2 (ja) * 2013-03-29 2016-11-16 出光ライオンコンポジット株式会社 ポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂組成物及びその用途
DE102015009045B4 (de) * 2015-07-13 2021-03-25 TRIDELTA Meidensha GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Überspannungsableiters und Überspannungsableiter hergestellt gemäß dem Verfahren
USD1019339S1 (en) * 2021-12-29 2024-03-26 The Trustees for the Time Being of the Live Line International Trust Support arrangement

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE179571C (fr) *
US1922221A (en) * 1929-07-20 1933-08-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Resistance material
US2150167A (en) * 1935-09-23 1939-03-14 Electric Service Supplies Co Current control and discharge of transient overvoltages
GB542520A (en) * 1940-01-26 1942-01-13 Norton Grinding Wheel Co Ltd Improvements relating to compositions particularly for use in lightning arresters
GB553461A (en) * 1942-05-12 1943-05-21 Igranic Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric protective discharge devices
CH428197A (de) * 1964-11-26 1967-01-15 Ciba Geigy Verfahren zur Herstellung von Körpern aus Giessharz-Formstoff mit hohem Füllstoffgehalt
US3771091A (en) * 1972-10-31 1973-11-06 Gen Electric Potted metal oxide varistor
US4092694A (en) * 1977-03-16 1978-05-30 General Electric Company Overvoltage surge arrester having laterally biased internal components
US4210774A (en) * 1977-06-16 1980-07-01 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Filled polymer electrical insulator
JPS5915443Y2 (ja) * 1978-03-18 1984-05-08 三菱電機株式会社 避雷器
US4223366A (en) * 1978-11-15 1980-09-16 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Gapless surge arrester
US4404614A (en) * 1981-05-15 1983-09-13 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Surge arrester having a non-fragmenting outer housing
US4658324A (en) * 1983-03-23 1987-04-14 Okaya Electric Industries Co., Ltd. Surge absorbing device
DE3470975D1 (en) * 1983-12-22 1988-06-09 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Zinc oxide varistor
JPH0735003U (ja) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-27 前島工業株式会社 木材等の回転加工機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6254902A (ja) 1987-03-10
DE3670544D1 (de) 1990-05-23
US4805064A (en) 1989-02-14
EP0217021A1 (fr) 1987-04-08
JP2509575B2 (ja) 1996-06-19

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