EP0212567A2 - Dispositif de régulation de l'alimentation en gaz de combustion et oxydant pour le brûleur d'un spectromètre d'absorption atomique - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation de l'alimentation en gaz de combustion et oxydant pour le brûleur d'un spectromètre d'absorption atomique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0212567A2
EP0212567A2 EP86111215A EP86111215A EP0212567A2 EP 0212567 A2 EP0212567 A2 EP 0212567A2 EP 86111215 A EP86111215 A EP 86111215A EP 86111215 A EP86111215 A EP 86111215A EP 0212567 A2 EP0212567 A2 EP 0212567A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine wheel
gas
oxidant
fuel gas
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86111215A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0212567A3 (en
EP0212567B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PE Manufacturing GmbH
Original Assignee
Bodenseewerk Perkin Elmer and Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bodenseewerk Perkin Elmer and Co GmbH filed Critical Bodenseewerk Perkin Elmer and Co GmbH
Publication of EP0212567A2 publication Critical patent/EP0212567A2/fr
Publication of EP0212567A3 publication Critical patent/EP0212567A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0212567B1 publication Critical patent/EP0212567B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
    • B01F23/19—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Arrangements, e.g. comprising controlling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/025—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/02—Measuring filling height in burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/16—Spectrometer burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2514—Self-proportioning flow systems
    • Y10T137/2521—Flow comparison or differential response
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2514—Self-proportioning flow systems
    • Y10T137/2521—Flow comparison or differential response
    • Y10T137/2529—With electrical controller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2559—Self-controlled branched flow systems
    • Y10T137/2564—Plural inflows
    • Y10T137/2567—Alternate or successive inflows
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7781—With separate connected fluid reactor surface
    • Y10T137/7793—With opening bias [e.g., pressure regulator]
    • Y10T137/7822—Reactor surface closes chamber
    • Y10T137/7823—Valve head in inlet chamber
    • Y10T137/7825—Rectilinear valve stem rigid with reactor surface

Definitions

  • a line-emitting light source emits a light bundle that contains the resonance spectral lines of a sought element.
  • This beam of light passes through a flame burning on a burner and falls on a photoelectric detector.
  • a liquid sample to be examined is sprayed into the flame by means of an atomizer, so that the sample is atomized by the flame and the elements contained in the sample are present in the flame in atomic form.
  • the then weakening of the light beam in the flame provides a measure of the proportion of the element sought in the sample.
  • the burner is fired with a fuel gas, e.g. Acetylene, and air operated as an oxidant.
  • nitrous oxide N 2 O
  • Nitrous oxide has a higher oxygen content than air.
  • the supply of fuel gas is increased in order to maintain the correct stoichiometric ratio between fuel gas and oxidant.
  • the gas control device mentioned at the outset is provided, which ensures the setting of the gas flows to the burner and the keeping of these gas flows constant.
  • a fixed throttle is provided and the pressure is changed to adjust the gas flow.
  • the flow of the fuel gas when switching to a second oxidant with a higher oxygen content, for example laughing gas can be increased in a defined manner via the servomotor and the setpoint of the pressure regulator.
  • DE-OS 28 33 553 discloses a gas control device for controlling the supply of fuel gas to a burner in an atomic absorption spectrometer, in which a digital value supplied by a control unit is converted into an electrical voltage by a D / A converter. This voltage is applied to a voltage-pressure converter, which converts it into a proportional pressure. The voltage-pressure converter in turn acts on a “volume booster” (not described in more detail) which is arranged in the fuel gas line downstream of a fixed pressure regulator. There is no flow measurement and feedback there.
  • DE-OS 30 05 784 shows a gas control device for controlling the fuel gas and oxidant supply to a burner in an atomic absorption spectrometer, in which the pressure of the oxidant is regulated by a fixed pressure regulator and the pressure regulator is followed by a flow regulator.
  • This flow regulator contains a fixed throttle and a needle valve downstream of it. The pressure drop across the fixed throttle is converted into an electrical signal by means of a differential pressure converter. Depending on this signal, the needle valve can be adjusted, possibly automatically via a servomotor.
  • a corresponding flow regulator is provided for the fuel gas.
  • DE-OS 25 52 890 shows a turbine wheel flow meter with a turbine wheel which carries at least one magnet which excites a magnetic field probe for generating output pulses with each revolution of the rotor.
  • the magnetic field probe contains a Hall sensor.
  • the invention has for its object to design a gas control device of the type mentioned with simple and inexpensive means so that the gas flows can be adjusted reproducibly.
  • the pressure regulator is set to such a pressure that the desired gas flow reproducibly flows through the fixed throttle.
  • a turbine wheel flow meter is used as a measuring device for the flow velocity, which gives direct digital signals to the control unit. It is not a variable throttle in the form of a - complex - needle valve adjusted but the setpoint of a pressure regulator arranged upstream of a fixed throttle. Compared to DE-OS 30 05 784, very complex electronic components in the form of the differential pressure converter and an A / D converter connected downstream of it are avoided.
  • the construction according to the invention thus creates a device which is inexpensive in comparison with previously known gas control devices and which nonetheless permits a reproducible setting of predetermined flow rates.
  • the gas control device contains a first connection 10, to which a first oxidant in the form of compressed air can be connected, a second connection 12, which can be connected to a source of laughing gas as the second oxidant.
  • a third connection 14 can be connected to a source of fuel gas, preferably acetylene.
  • a pressure sensor 16, 18 and 20 is connected to each of the three connections 10, 12 and 14. The pressure sensors 16, 18, 20 signal whether gas pressure is present at the connection in question. These signals are connected to a control unit 28 via signal lines 22, 24 or 26.
  • the control unit 28 is a microprocessor-controlled electronics according to the main patent bib (patent application P 34 07 552.6).
  • the first connection 10 is followed by a shut-off valve 30 designed as a solenoid valve, which is controlled by the control unit 28 via a control line 32 and is shut off in the de-energized state.
  • a shut-off valve 30 designed as a solenoid valve, which is controlled by the control unit 28 via a control line 32 and is shut off in the de-energized state.
  • a 3/2-way valve 34 is designed as a solenoid valve and is also controlled by the control unit 28 via a control line 36.
  • the 2/3 directional valve 34 connects the first connection 10 and the shut-off valve 30 connected downstream thereof to a line 38, while the second connection 12 is closed.
  • the 3/2-way valve 34 Connects in its second switching position the 3/2-way valve 34 the second port 12 with the line 38, while the connection to the shut-off valve 30 and the first port 10 is shut off.
  • the 3/2-way valve In the de-energized state, the 3/2-way valve is in its first switching position, which is shown in Fig. 1.
  • Von.der 38 leads a branch line 39 via a pressure regulator 37 to an atomizer.
  • a storage volume 41 is connected between the shut-off valve 30 and the 3/2-way valve 34.
  • the line 38 leads to a pressure regulator 40.
  • the output of the pressure regulator 40 is connected via a fixed throttle 44 to an oxidant connection of the burner.
  • the pressure regulator 40 is a conventional pressure reducing valve, the setpoint of which can be changed via an adjusting spindle.
  • the adjusting spindle can be adjusted by an actuator 46.
  • the servomotor 46 or suitable tapping means give position signals to the control unit 28.
  • the servomotor 46 is accordingly controlled by the control unit 28. This is represented by a line 48.
  • the third connection 14 is followed by a shut-off valve 50 designed as a solenoid valve.
  • the shut-off valve is controlled by the control unit 28 via a line 52.
  • the third connection 14 is connected to a pressure regulator 54 via the shut-off valve 50.
  • the pressure regulator 54 is also a conventional pressure reducing valve like the pressure regulator 40.
  • An adjusting spindle of the pressure regulator 54 for adjusting the setpoint is adjustable by means of a servomotor 56.
  • the servomotor 56 or suitable tapping means give position signals to the control unit 28.
  • the servomotor 56 is accordingly controlled by the control unit 28.
  • the exit of the Pressure regulator 54 is connected to a fuel gas connection of the burner via a fixed throttle 58.
  • the pressure regulator 37 in the branch line 39 is followed by a flow meter 43 via a throttle 37, the signal line 43 'of which is connected to the control unit 28.
  • a flow meter 45 whose signal line 45 ′ is connected to the control unit 28, is connected downstream of the pressure regulator 40 via the throttle 44.
  • a flow meter 59 whose signal line 59 'is connected to the control unit 28, is connected downstream of the pressure regulator 54 via throttle 58.
  • Each flow meter 43, 45, 59 is constructed in the manner shown in FIGS. 2a, b.
  • a turbine wheel 49 with vanes 51 is rotatably mounted in bearings 53 in a housing 47 which is closed on all sides.
  • a gas inlet 55 is designed like a nozzle and is oriented tangentially to the vanes 51 of the turbine wheel 49.
  • a gas outlet 57 of the housing 47 is connected to the line leading to the atomizer, the oxidant connection or the fuel gas connection of the burner.
  • Each flow meter 43, 45, 49 contains means for interacting with the turbine wheel 49 for generating signals for indicating the gas flow.
  • the turbine wheel 49 is provided with two diametrically opposite magnets 61 which can be embedded, for example, in the plastic from which the turbine wheel 49 is made.
  • a Hall sensor 63 is arranged in the housing 47 in the area of action of the magnets 61. which is connected to the respective signal line 43 ', 45' or 59 '.
  • an output signal is generated at the Hall sensor 63 when one of the magnets 61 arranged on the turbine wheel 49 passes the Hall sensor 63.
  • the frequency of these output signals is dependent on the rotational speed of the turbine wheel 49 and thus on the flow speed of the gas that strikes the turbine wheel 49 through the gas inlet 55.
  • the occurrence of these output signals can be used in various ways to determine the flow velocity of the gas. For example, the time between the occurrence of two successive output signals can be determined.
  • K and m parameters that are determined empirically for the different arrangements. The value of these parameters depends, for example, on the structure of the gas inlet 55 in the housing 47, on the structure of the housing 47 and on the shape of the turbine wheel 49. These parameters, especially K, are also dependent on the type and composition of the gas flowing through the housing 47 and that Turbine wheel 49 drives. However, the parameters can be determined with high accuracy for each arrangement and each gas, so that the gas flows of the specified type can be measured with great accuracy and reproducibly adjusted via the control unit 28 and the pressure regulator 37, 40, 54.
  • magnets 61 and the Hall sensor 63 which represent particularly simple and easy-to-implement signal-generating means
  • other, preferably non-contact, signal-generating means can also be used, which enable the rotational speed of the turbine wheel 47 to be determined.
  • the output signals of the Hall sensors 63 input into the control unit 28 are processed in the control unit 28, i.e. for certain circumstances, e.g. Air or nitrous oxide compared as an oxidant, stored or specified target values.
  • the respective controllers 37, 40, 54 are adjusted via the associated servomotors 37 ', 46 and 56.
  • the program steps required for this can easily be incorporated into the programming of the control unit 28 and do not require any further explanation at this point.
  • FIG. 3 An advantageous arrangement of the flow meters is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the housings 47 of the three flow meters 43, 45 and 59 are arranged together to form a block 69 which is directly connected to the pressure regulators 37, 40, and 54.
  • the gas inlets 55 of the individual housings 47 in the block 69 are formed by flow restrictors in the manner of the flow restrictors 44 and 58.
  • the gas outlets 57 are arranged, to which the lines to the atomizer, the oxidant connection and the fuel gas connection of the burner are connected directly.
  • the housing 47 as a whole or its parts in the region of the turbine wheel 49 can consist of a non-magnetic metal.
  • the turbine wheel 49 is braked by eddy currents which are caused by the rotation of the turbine wheel. This has the advantage that the service life of the device is increased and the frequency of the signals generated by the Hall sensor 63 is kept low, which increases the measuring accuracy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Flow Control (AREA)
EP19860111215 1984-03-01 1986-08-13 Dispositif de régulation de l'alimentation en gaz de combustion et oxydant pour le brûleur d'un spectromètre d'absorption atomique Expired - Lifetime EP0212567B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843407552 DE3407552A1 (de) 1984-03-01 1984-03-01 Gasregeleinrichtung zur regelung der brenngas- und oxidanszufuhr zu einem brenner bei einem atomabsorptions-spektrometer
DE3529547 1985-08-17
DE19853529547 DE3529547A1 (de) 1984-03-01 1985-08-17 Gasregeleinrichtung zur regelung der brenngas- und oxidanszufuhr zu einem brenner bei einem atomabsorptions-spektrometer

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0212567A2 true EP0212567A2 (fr) 1987-03-04
EP0212567A3 EP0212567A3 (en) 1989-03-29
EP0212567B1 EP0212567B1 (fr) 1990-04-11

Family

ID=37857096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860111215 Expired - Lifetime EP0212567B1 (fr) 1984-03-01 1986-08-13 Dispositif de régulation de l'alimentation en gaz de combustion et oxydant pour le brûleur d'un spectromètre d'absorption atomique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US4640677A (fr)
EP (1) EP0212567B1 (fr)
JP (2) JPH0660872B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU586699B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3407552A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2155205B (fr)

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JPH0750028B2 (ja) 1995-05-31
DE3407552A1 (de) 1985-09-05
JPH0660872B2 (ja) 1994-08-10
DE3529547C2 (fr) 1987-12-17
AU586699B2 (en) 1989-07-20
GB2155205A (en) 1985-09-18
GB8501762D0 (en) 1985-02-27
US4640677A (en) 1987-02-03
EP0212567A3 (en) 1989-03-29
JPS60205237A (ja) 1985-10-16
JPS6298238A (ja) 1987-05-07
GB2155205B (en) 1987-12-16
EP0212567B1 (fr) 1990-04-11
DE3529547A1 (de) 1987-02-26
AU6150486A (en) 1987-02-19
US4681530A (en) 1987-07-21
DE3407552C2 (fr) 1987-10-22

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