EP0212338B1 - Procédé pour l'usinage de la surface d'une came - Google Patents

Procédé pour l'usinage de la surface d'une came Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0212338B1
EP0212338B1 EP86110285A EP86110285A EP0212338B1 EP 0212338 B1 EP0212338 B1 EP 0212338B1 EP 86110285 A EP86110285 A EP 86110285A EP 86110285 A EP86110285 A EP 86110285A EP 0212338 B1 EP0212338 B1 EP 0212338B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
point
grinding wheel
cam
profile
contour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP86110285A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0212338A3 (en
EP0212338A2 (fr
Inventor
Horst Josef Dr. Ing. Wedeniwski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Fortuna Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0212338A2 publication Critical patent/EP0212338A2/fr
Publication of EP0212338A3 publication Critical patent/EP0212338A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0212338B1 publication Critical patent/EP0212338B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section
    • B24B19/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30084—Milling with regulation of operation by templet, card, or other replaceable information supply
    • Y10T409/301176—Reproducing means
    • Y10T409/301624—Duplicating means
    • Y10T409/30168—Duplicating means with means for operation without manual intervention
    • Y10T409/30224—Duplicating means with means for operation without manual intervention and provision for circumferential relative movement of cutter and work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303752—Process
    • Y10T409/303808—Process including infeeding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/13—Pattern section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for machining the surface of a cam, the outer contour of which has a base circle section, a secondary circle section, and two flanks which continuously connect the circle sections, in which the cam extends around a first, spatially fixed, through the center of the base circle going axis is rotatable, wherein a grinding wheel rotatable about a second axis parallel to the first axis is provided and the spacing of the axes is adjustable, so that, starting from a raw contour, a nominal contour can be generated by removing the surface by changing the grinding wheel by varying the distance the axes are moved while the cam is rotating, so that on the one hand a section of the grinding wheel which is in engagement on the surface can be guided along the contour in web operation and on the other hand can be adjusted in the feed operation by the surface distance between the raw contour and the desired contour.
  • the camshaft is rotatably arranged about a fixed axis, and a grinding wheel is rotatably mounted about an axis parallel to the camshaft axis.
  • the distance between the grinding wheel axis and the camshaft axis is changed with the camshaft rotating slowly in such a way that the surface section of the grinding wheel engaged in each case removes the surface of the cam in such a way that the desired target contour is finally created.
  • the distance variation is necessary in order to compensate for the respective contour of the cam to be machined. This part of the distance variation is referred to as "railway operation".
  • the distance between the axes must be varied in such a way that a certain infeed of the grinding wheel takes place, i.e. an approximation to the cam to be machined by the amount of the distance from the raw dimension to the target dimension. This part of the distance variation is referred to as "delivery operation".
  • the known methods which usually use numerically controlled processing machines, provide for simultaneous execution of rail operations and delivery operations.
  • next point to be approached is continuously interpolated depending on the rotation of the camshaft, the path movement and the infeed movement being numerically superposed as part of the interpolation.
  • the grinding wheel is mounted on a two-part carriage, one part of which runs on the other part, one part of the carriage being controlled as a function of the rail operation and the other as a function of the infeed operation.
  • the required superposition is achieved by mechanical superimposition.
  • a numerically controlled camshaft grinding machine in which the control is carried out via two different punched strips.
  • One of the punched tapes contains the information about the cam shape, while the other punched tape contains general processing parameters, for example for infeed, dressing, firing and the like.
  • the two punched strips are processed alternately by first adjusting the grinding machine to the cam by a certain delivery amount using the second punched tape and then generating the desired cam profile using the first mentioned punched tape.
  • the cam is stopped during the infeed of the grinding wheel and in a position in which the grinding wheel lies against the cam tip.
  • the cam tip is also the zero point for the polar coordinate system, in which the cam contour is stored in the former punched tape and which is called up again as soon as a further infeed step has been carried out by means of the second punched tape.
  • the deep grinding principle can also be used for grinding camshafts, although it is expressly stated as a disadvantage that the infeed specified with the workpiece allowance is not large enough to achieve high cutting performance and work simultaneously in a workpiece speed range that is sufficiently low in relation to the workpiece edge zone temperature.
  • a compensation system for a numerically controlled machine tool which is used for a cam grinding machine.
  • the known system uses a certain mathematical algorithm for adjusting the distance between the axis of the workpiece and the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel and for adjusting the angular position of the workpiece.
  • the known system therefore uses the interpolation already described above to calculate the path points in "path operation".
  • camshaft grinding machine is also known from DE-A-28 21 753, in which a number of cams are ground as a function of profiles of pattern cams, which are scanned by means of a button.
  • This known machine is therefore a conventional copy grinding machine, geared to the needs of camshaft grinding.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a method of the type mentioned in such a way that the desired target contours can be achieved without loss of accuracy with significantly reduced effort and high processing speed.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the section is first guided from a first point on the surface of the base circle of the raw contour only in the delivery mode to a second point of the base circle of the target contour and then is guided along the target contour by switching the operation only in rail operation, whereby the first point and the second point define an angle of rotation of the first axis which is between 20 ° and 180 °.
  • the measure to start the feed operation in the first phase from a point on the surface of the base circle of the raw contour has the advantage that there is a cylindrical outer contour, so that the operation in a particularly simple manner by suitable coordination of the angular speed of the cam and the Feed speed of the grinding axis can be adjusted.
  • the measure of doing this in an angular range between 20 and 180 ° has the advantage that suitable time / machining volumes can be set, depending on how this is expedient for the respective material or workpiece.
  • the section is first guided from a third point on the target contour only in the delivery mode to a fourth point of a second target contour and then guided along the second target contour by switching the operation only in rail mode.
  • the desired effect can be achieved even with large volumes of material to be removed.
  • This is particularly advantageous if the raw contour is very irregular, so that the required target contour cannot be achieved with a single machining process for machining reasons.
  • the point of the machining tool that is in engagement is not guided along a spiral that is wound several times, but the infeed area is always limited to a spatially narrow surface area, while the rest of the time, in turn, is driven exclusively in rail operation.
  • the location curve of the processing point thus has the shape of several location curves concentrically running at a parallel distance.
  • the locus of the respective processing point has the form of an Archimedean spiral, which can be handled particularly easily for control tasks in numerical control.
  • a camshaft 12 is rotatably arranged about a fixed axis 11, which is also referred to in technical terms as the C axis.
  • the camshaft 12 is clamped between two tips 13 and 14 of a headstock 15 or a tailstock 16, and a rotationally fixed connection 17 between the camshaft 12 and a spindle of the headstock 15 ensures that the camshaft 12 is driven.
  • a cam 18 of the camshaft 12 is being machined by means of a grinding wheel 19.
  • the grinding wheel 19 is actuated by a drive 20 which can be moved by means of a feed 21 relative to a fixed base 22 along an axis 23, which is also referred to in technical terminology as the x-axis.
  • the grinding wheel 19 itself is rotatable about an axis 24, so that the feed 21 is able to adjust the distance between the axes 11 and 24 in the direction of the axis 23 perpendicular thereto.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 do not show the control and regulating units which derive control signals for the feed 21 from the respective rotational position of the camshaft 12 in a manner known per se.
  • 3 and 4 show, in a greatly enlarged representation and rotated 90 ° clockwise in relation to the representation of FIG. 1, the conditions when machining the cam 18 by means of the grinding wheel 19.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show the starting position of the cam 18.
  • the cam 18 is provided with an outer contour in which a base circle 30 and a secondary circle 31 occur, which are connected to one another by straight or curved flanks 32.
  • the sections 30, 31, 32 drawn thick in FIGS. 3 and 4 denote a raw contour, i.e. a not yet finished cam, while the reference numerals 30a, 31a, 32a denote the corresponding elements of a target contour that is to be produced.
  • an infeed 33 is required, which corresponds to the distance of the contour 30/31/32 from the contour 30a / 31a / 32a.
  • An arrow 34 indicates the direction of rotation of the cam 18, and an arrow 35 indicates the direction of rotation of the grinding wheel 19.
  • Fig. 3 shows the cam 18 in the starting position.
  • the grinding wheel 19 has been moved up to the point where the cam 18 comes into contact with it, namely that the cam 18 in this basic position is aligned in its rotational position in such a way that the cam 18 and grinding wheel 19 meet one another at a first point 40 in the transition from the flank 32 to the base circle Touch 30.
  • a locus 41 drawn in FIG. 4 thus arises from the first point 40 on the raw contour to a second point 42 on the target contour, which is within a rotation angle ⁇ of, for example, 120 ° is achieved. Due to the linear feed of the grinding wheel 19, the locus 41 has the shape of an Archimedean spiral.
  • the grinding wheel 19 has thus been moved in a linearly controlled manner from the position 19 ′ shown in broken lines to the position 19 shown in solid lines.
  • the deflection of the grinding wheel 19 in the direction of the x-axis 23 is set such that the point on the surface of the grinding wheel 19 that is engaged in each case follows the desired contour 30a / 31a / 32a exactly.
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant in which the sequence of the two process sections described above is repeated cyclically.
  • the thick curve in Fig. 5 of the respective processing point again starts at the first point 40 and runs in the manner described in the pure delivery mode along the locus 51 to the second point 42, where the method changes to the rail mode, so that the path curve now runs along the desired contour 30a / 31a / 32a, as already described: this railway operation now continues to a third point 40a, which lies radially next to the first point 40.
  • the method returns to the pure infeed mode, and the path curve of the respective processing point in turn runs along a locus 41a which runs within the locus 41 already described.
  • the pure infeed operation now continues up to a fourth point 42a, which is located radially next to the second point 42, at which point the method again switches to pure rail operation, so that a further target contour 30b / 31b / 32b is created.
  • This further target contour is continued via a fifth point 40b located radially next to the first point 40 and the third point 40a, so that the further target contour 30b / 31b / 32b is traversed to the fourth point 42a, so that the desired further target contour 30b / 31b / 32b is now completely processed.
  • a four-cylinder camshaft was machined at a peripheral speed of the grinding wheel 19 of 45 m / s, the cams of which had a base circle of 38 mm in diameter and a cam stroke of approximately 10 mm.
  • the radial grinding allowance was between 2 and 2.5 mm.
  • the cam was rotated a total of four times for pre-grinding, a feed operation and a rail operation being set successively in the manner described. It was followed by a turn in pure rail operations. In the subsequent finish grinding, three revolutions with infeed operation and subsequent rail operation were set, and five revolutions without infeed operation followed.
  • the ratio of the infeed speed and the angular speed of the cam was chosen so that an angle ⁇ of 30 ° was set during pre-grinding and an angle ⁇ of 60 ° during finish-grinding.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Procédé pour l'usinage de la surface d'une came (18) dont le contour externe se compose d'un arc d'un cercle de base (30), d'un arc d'un cercle secondaire (31), ainsi que de deux flancs (32) reliant toujours les deux arcs de cercle (30, 31); procédé, dans lequel la came (18) est mobile autour d'un premier axe fixe (11) passant par le centre du cercle de base (30) et dans lequel est prévue une meule (19) mobile autour d'un second axe (24) parallèle au premier axe (11), la distance entre les axes (11, 24) étant réglable, de sorte qu'il est possible, à partir d'un contour brut (30/31/32), d'obtenir un contour théorique (30a/31a/32a) par enlèvement de matière au niveau de la surface, en déplaçant la meule (19) par variation de la distance entre les axes (11, 24) alors que la came (18) est en rotation, de sorte que, d'une part, la portion de la meule (19) qui se trouve en contact avec la surface peut être amenée en mode de profilage le long du contour et d'autre part peut être avancée en mode d'avance de la distance comprise entre le contour brut (30/31/32) et le contour théorique (30a/31a/32a), caractérisé en ce que la portion est amenée tout d'abord, uniquement en mode d'avance, d'un premier point (40) situé sur le cercle de base (39) du contour brut (30/31/32) à un second point (42) situé sur le cercle de base (30a) du contour théorique (30a/31a/32a) puis, par un changement de mode, uniquement en mode de profilage le long du contour théorique (30a/31a/ 32a), le premier point (40) et le second point (42) définissant un angle de rotation (I.\J) du premier axe (11) compris entre 20° et 180°.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une fois le contour théorique (30a/ 31a/32a) atteint, la portion de la meule est amenée tout d'abord, uniquement en mode d'avance, d'un troisième point (40a) situé sur le contour théorique (30a/31a/32a) vers un quatrième point (42a) d'un second contour théorique (30b/31b/ 32b) puis, par changement de mode, uniquement en mode de profilage le long du second contour théorique (30b/31b/32b).
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, en mode d'avance, l'outil d'usinage est amené avec une avance régulière.
EP86110285A 1985-08-14 1986-07-25 Procédé pour l'usinage de la surface d'une came Revoked EP0212338B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3529099 1985-08-14
DE19853529099 DE3529099A1 (de) 1985-08-14 1985-08-14 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum spanabhebenden bearbeiten einer oberflaeche von profilen mit einer von einer kreisform abweichenden kontur, insbesondere nockenwellen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0212338A2 EP0212338A2 (fr) 1987-03-04
EP0212338A3 EP0212338A3 (en) 1988-01-13
EP0212338B1 true EP0212338B1 (fr) 1990-11-22

Family

ID=6278462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86110285A Revoked EP0212338B1 (fr) 1985-08-14 1986-07-25 Procédé pour l'usinage de la surface d'une came

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4747236A (fr)
EP (1) EP0212338B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3529099A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6384845A (ja) * 1986-09-24 1988-04-15 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd 非真円形工作物の加工方法
DE4023587C2 (de) * 1990-07-25 1993-11-18 Fortuna Werke Maschf Ag Verfahren zum meßgesteuerten Umfangsschleifen von radial unrunden Werkstücken
DE4029129C2 (de) * 1990-09-13 1994-12-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Vorrichtung zum Schleifen von insbesondere hohlen Nocken
JPH06106410A (ja) * 1992-09-29 1994-04-19 Komatsu Ltd カムシャフトミラーのカムシャフト加工方法
GB9401462D0 (en) * 1994-01-26 1994-03-23 Western Atlas Uk Ltd Improvements in and relating to grinding
DE19626189A1 (de) * 1996-06-29 1998-01-02 Schaudt Maschinenbau Gmbh Verfahren zum Schleifen rotierender Werkstücke
GB2361445A (en) * 1999-02-03 2001-10-24 Unova Uk Ltd Angle head grinding
ATE204523T1 (de) * 1999-03-08 2001-09-15 Alstom Schweiz Ag Fräsverfahren
DE60030790T2 (de) * 1999-10-27 2007-01-11 Cinetic Landis Grinding Ltd. Verfahren zum Schleifen eines Werkstücks mit welchem konstante Zeitspaltvolumen erzielt werden
GB9928825D0 (en) 1999-12-06 2000-02-02 Unova Uk Ltd Improvements in and relating to grinding
JP3850224B2 (ja) * 2001-03-26 2006-11-29 株式会社ジェイテクト 研削加工方法及び数値制御研削盤
JP4065185B2 (ja) * 2002-11-26 2008-03-19 武蔵精密工業株式会社 非円形回転体ワークの研削方法及びその装置
DE10327623B4 (de) * 2003-06-19 2006-07-13 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Fräsverfahren zur Fertigung von Bauteilen
JP5228554B2 (ja) * 2008-03-19 2013-07-03 株式会社ジェイテクト 非真円箇所研削盤における工作物異常回転検出装置
DE102008061528A1 (de) 2008-12-10 2010-06-17 Wedeniwski, Horst Josef, Dr. Verfahren zum numerisch gesteuerten Schleifen von Nocken mit konkaven Flanken einer Nockenwelle
DE102014018784A1 (de) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Nockenprofils eines Nockenpaketes einer Nockenwelle und Nockenwelle
JP6844772B2 (ja) * 2017-02-28 2021-03-17 株式会社シギヤ精機製作所 研削装置及び、研削方法
CN110802474B (zh) * 2019-11-16 2021-04-20 湖南腾盛智能科技有限公司 一种直线滑轨打磨装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1062818A (en) * 1963-08-09 1967-03-22 Toyo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Rotating type cam grinding machine
US3482357A (en) * 1965-10-27 1969-12-09 Fujitsu Ltd Automatically controlled cam grinding system
US3919614A (en) * 1972-01-17 1975-11-11 Warner Swasey Co Dual-cycle cam grinding machine with electrical pulse operated wheel feed
US4084243A (en) * 1975-05-19 1978-04-11 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Cutter radius compensation system
FR2391033A1 (fr) * 1977-05-18 1978-12-15 Clichy Const Sa Machine a rectifier les arbres a cames
US4443976A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-04-24 Litton Industrial Products, Inc. Cylindrical grinding machine
JPS58192743A (ja) * 1982-04-29 1983-11-10 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd カム研削方法
DE3316619A1 (de) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-08 Otto 4010 Hilden Helbrecht Schleifmaschine fuer die raender von brillenglaesern
JPS6090667A (ja) * 1983-10-20 1985-05-21 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd カム研削方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3529099C2 (fr) 1989-04-27
US4747236A (en) 1988-05-31
DE3529099A1 (de) 1987-02-19
DE3675706D1 (de) 1991-01-03
EP0212338A3 (en) 1988-01-13
EP0212338A2 (fr) 1987-03-04

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