EP0208696B1 - Verfahren zur lösung von gas in flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Verfahren zur lösung von gas in flüssigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0208696B1
EP0208696B1 EP85905326A EP85905326A EP0208696B1 EP 0208696 B1 EP0208696 B1 EP 0208696B1 EP 85905326 A EP85905326 A EP 85905326A EP 85905326 A EP85905326 A EP 85905326A EP 0208696 B1 EP0208696 B1 EP 0208696B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
solution
reaction space
liquid
nozzle plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85905326A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0208696A1 (de
Inventor
Franz-Josef Damann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85905326T priority Critical patent/ATE40304T1/de
Publication of EP0208696A1 publication Critical patent/EP0208696A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0208696B1 publication Critical patent/EP0208696B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/45—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing
    • B01F23/454—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing by injecting a mixture of liquid and gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/75—Flowing liquid aspirates gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for mixing and dissolving gas in liquid, at a first, high pressure, a nozzle plate is supplied, from which it emerges at a second, lower pressure into a reaction chamber which has approximately the same cross section as the nozzle plate has and a length that is a multiple of the smallest transverse dimension of the nozzle plate, and into which the gas flows in the vicinity of the nozzle plate and from which the gas-solution mixture formed flows out laterally and is collected in a solution tank in which undissolved gas separates from the solution and from which this gas, sucked in by the liquid flow, enters the reaction chamber and the solution is removed from the solution tank.
  • the solution to the problem is that narrow injector jets of high speed are guided into the reaction space along its wall area and slow, nebulizing mixing jets of the liquid are conducted into the inner area and the gas-solution mixture is accumulated to a level surrounding the reaction space and the reaction space is up to immersed about 2/3 of its length below the level and the solution is discharged to a third, low pressure level as a supersaturated solution.
  • the method and the device are characterized by simplicity. There are no multiple pumps circulating the liquid necessary, and the nozzle bores in the nozzle plate can be relatively wide, so that filtering the liquid supplied from particles and suspended matter is not necessary if, for. B. sea or river water should be aerated. Waste water to be clarified or other liquids contaminated with suspended matter can also be supplied to the device, and it can be operated with a pressure of a few bar, so that no high-pressure pumps and system parts are required. For the preparation of bathrooms z. B. be worked directly with water line pressure, so that no pump is required. In a particularly advantageous manner, the nozzles in the nozzle plate are created in two different versions.
  • the nozzles lying on the outer rim are drilled cylindrically as propulsion jet nozzles so that they exert a suction on the surrounding gas due to their high jet speed.
  • the nozzles on the inner rings on the other hand, widen conically in the Venturi version, so that the jets emerging from them cause an intensive mixing of the liquid with the gas.
  • the reaction chamber length is expedient a multiple, for. B. 6 times the nozzle plate diameter.
  • the lower outlet openings are arranged at a height of approximately 0.5 times the reaction chamber diameter.
  • the total nozzle plate flow resistance is e.g. B. chosen so that about half of the available liquid pressure is used to flow through the nozzle plate and the other half to intensify the dissolving process if a highly supersaturated solution is to emerge at the lowest pressure level, which has a high stability over time of many hours and the supersaturated gas releases in extremely small bubbles of approximately 0.05 to 0.15 mm in diameter.
  • the pressure drop between the solvent tank and the solution outlet is chosen to be lower, the supersaturated gas will escape faster in larger bubbles with a diameter of 0.15 to 2 mm.
  • the bubble size and residence time of the dissolved gas in the supersaturated solution can be generated in a targeted manner using simple means.
  • reaction chamber In a simplified version, if z. B. to produce a mixture and solution of air in water, the reaction chamber is operated surrounded by normal pressure, so that only the internal dynamic pressure is effective.
  • the method and the device can be used in a wide variety of ways for chemical and biological reactors in closed and open operating modes.
  • the pumps and the device can be mounted on a float for water aeration and the supersaturated solution can be discharged via a pipe or hose line to a predetermined depth and mixed into such a large amount of water that no gas bubbles are formed, since very small gas bubbles are disadvantageous for gill breathers.
  • the supersaturated solution is expediently introduced into a liquid in a concentrated form; This results in an extremely fine, emulsion-like gas distribution due to the reduction of the solubility with decreasing pressure when the excess gas is eliminated.
  • This emulsion-like gas distribution from the supersaturated solution leads when the solution in larger amounts of liquid, such as. B. in the case of baths, is introduced after a dwell time of several minutes to hours to a complete redissolution of this intermediate state without the bubbles rising to the surface.
  • Such a gas introduction process is considerably more energy and cost-effective than the direct supply of gases through nozzles.
  • the method and the device described are particularly suitable for the neutralization or sterilization of waste water with carbonic acid or chlorine or ozone.
  • flocculants, neutralizing agents and / or oxidizing agents are advantageously introduced into the liquid feed to the reaction chamber, which are distributed extremely homogeneously in the nozzle stream and which, together with the gas bubbles formed during the application of the solution, to the substances to be attacked physically or chemically are transported so that in each case the flocculent portion, which is adjacent to a gas bubble, has a symbiotic effect when floating with it.
  • an acidic or basic gas e.g. B. carbonic acid or ammonia
  • the introduction of ozone or chlorine gas for the sterilization and oxidation, the introduction of ozone or chlorine gas.
  • a particularly simple embodiment of a device for dissolving air in liquids is obtained if the air is taken up directly on the suction side by the amount of liquid. A compressor system is then no longer necessary.
  • the method is advantageously suitable for producing carbonated fruit juices and other beverages.
  • the supersaturated solution is preferably filled under pressure.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a mixing and dissolving device.
  • the cylindrical, vertical reaction chamber 1 is arranged in a solution tank 2 under medium pressure, which is filled to the level N1 with solution L, reaching about 2/3 of its length below the level N1 of the solution L.
  • the liquid F is pressed into the reaction chamber 1 from above through the nozzle plate 12 and accumulates against the baffle surface 17 at the opposite end of the reaction chamber 1.
  • Slightly above the baffle surface 17 are lateral outlet openings 10 for the gas-liquid solution mixture GL. Excess gas rises in the form of bubbles and collects above the level N1 from where it is again sucked in and mixed with it by the relative negative pressure that the liquid jet generates there through inlet openings 11 arranged laterally in the reaction chamber 1 above.
  • the amount of gas G consumed by solution is fed to the solution tank 2 through its upper closure plate 22 via a gas flow regulator 5, the gas feed line 4 and a check valve 6 and is constantly replaced at medium pressure.
  • the pressure can be monitored on the manometer 8.
  • the vent valve 7 is used for the initial venting if a gas other than air is used. Otherwise, the air in the tank can only be used up. Compliance with level N1 can be observed on sight glass 9. If this is reached, the gas flow is switched on.
  • the solution L is discharged through a discharge line 25 via a control valve 24 through the lower closure plate 23 of the solution tank 2 and is available for the desired use. For example, the solution L changes into the supersaturated state due to the pressure drop at the control valve 24, and the Supersaturated solution UL is fed through line 26 to a distribution pipe 27 provided with bores at the bottom of a tub 20 to a body of water W or a liquid where the emulsion-like gas-solution mixture is distributed.
  • the tub 20 is filled, for example, with wastewater to be aerated. Since the gas-solution mixture is lighter than the wastewater, it gradually rises and the extremely finely divided gas dissolves in the still unsaturated wastewater. This process takes minutes; little gas rises to the surface in the form of small bubbles when the level N2 is a few decimeters above the distribution pipe.
  • the settings of the gas flow regulator 5 and the control valve 24 are relatively uncritical, since the level N1 stabilizes itself to a certain extent, since the mixing intensity and thus the gas consumption increases with increasing level N1.
  • the liquid F which is fed through the valve 30 via the line 3 to the nozzle plate 12 and is essentially determined in quantity by the resistance of the nozzle plate 12, must be saturated by the corresponding gas flow. It has proven to be useful to the high pressure of the liquid F of z. B. 6 bar to a medium pressure behind the nozzle plate 12 on z. B. reduce 3 bar, d. h to choose the flow resistance of the nozzle plate 12 and the control valve 24 the same. This applies if a supersaturated UL solution is required for use.
  • the pressure drop at the control valve must be reduced accordingly. Furthermore, the lower pressure at the outlet from the distribution pipe 27, as z. B. occurs in flowing waters, or to take into account the increased pressure when discharging into pressure reactors. If strong pressure fluctuations on the liquid supply side are to be expected, it is expedient to use the gas flow regulator 5 depending on the level N1, for. B. over a float or thermal or optical detector M, in a known manner to control a control device St and thus form a higher-level control loop.
  • FIG. 2 An advantageous design of the reaction space 1 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the cylinder 16 carries at the top a pipe connection 15 and a screw sleeve 18 with an inner shoulder 18a, by means of which the nozzle plate 12 is held on the cylinder 16 at the end. Disassembly for inspection purposes is therefore easily possible.
  • the cylinder 16 is closed by the baffle plate 17.
  • the length H of the cylinder is approximately 6 to 8 times its diameter d.
  • the baffle plate 17 which corresponds approximately to the radius r of the cylinder, 8 bores are provided as outlet openings 10, the diameter dm of which is dimensioned according to the overall cross section so that only a small flow resistance for the gas-liquid solution mixture arises.
  • Slightly below the nozzle plate 12 there are 8 further holes on all sides as inlet openings 11 in the cylinder, the diameter of which is dimensioned according to the overall cross section so that it is approximately 1/3 of the cross section of the outlet openings 10.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 An advantageous embodiment of the nozzle plate 12 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the nozzles 13, 14 are arranged radially equidistant from inside to outside on circles in divisions 1, 8, 16, 16.
  • the outer 16 nozzle bores 13 are cylindrical and have a diameter d1 of z. B. 2 mm at a radius r of the reaction space of 15 mm. They are used to generate the fast injector jets.
  • the mixing nozzles 14 have a cylindrical bore 14a on the inlet side, of the inlet diameter d2, which in the example is also 2 mm, and on the outlet side they have a conical widening 14b to approximately twice the outlet diameter d3, based on the inlet diameter d2.
  • the nozzle plate thickness Dp is approximately 1/4 of the radius r of the plate.
  • nozzle arrangements and size ratios are to be derived expertly from the example in accordance with the desired throughput and the pressure ratio. So small devices for aeration of aquariums completely made of plastic with z.
  • the nozzle plate can also be rectangular.
  • the dimensioning of the bores is then determined according to the smallest transverse dimension, as is the length of the reaction space.
  • FIG. 5 A large version of the device for aerating water is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the solution tank 2, including the mixing and dissolving device, is mounted on a frame SR, under which floating bodies 5 are located.
  • a pump P is mounted on the frame, which sucks water through a suction basket SK and presses it through the feed line 3 into the mixing device.
  • a compressor K presses compressed air via line 4 into the device.
  • the pump and compressor drives, which are also located on the frame, are not shown in detail.
  • the entire device floats on the water W and has a self-propulsion, not shown, or it is in the towing of a watercraft.
  • the supersaturated solution is pressed via a hose line 26 into the large-area distribution pipe 27, which is carried along at a predetermined depth.
  • the compressor K can also be replaced by a compressed gas store, or the air can also be sucked in by the pump P, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment to Fig. 1, which requires less length and smaller tank volume for the same performance.
  • the reaction chamber 1A is closed on the top by the nozzle plate 12 and has the gas inlet openings 11 on the side thereof, and on the bottom end the side of the further baffle plate 17A, preferably two pipe bends 60 bent upwards, the cross section of which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the reaction chamber 1A and the length thereof h2 corresponds to approximately one third of the reaction space length H.
  • an upper baffle plate 61 is arranged at a distance h3, which corresponds to approximately a quarter of the reaction space length H, which deflects the gas-gas solution flow GL downward and projects over the outlet openings 60A over a wide area.
  • the level of the solution L is in the tank up to a little above the upper baffle plate 61.
  • an upward discharge pipe 63 which has approximately twice the length h4 of the reaction space length H and is divided into several e.g. B. two, downward and near the end of the tank bottom, manifolds 62 branches.
  • At the top in the drain pipe 63 there are a number of narrow bores 64 from which exiting gas can rise upwards.
  • the detour at the end of the reaction chamber 1A and before the discharge leads to the improvement of the dissolving process on the one hand and the clarification of the solution L of gas bubbles within a smaller volume on the other hand.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows an alternative embodiment of the gas supply which is suitable for introducing air.
  • An air supply line 71 is connected to the intake port 70 of the liquid pump P1 and ends in a metering valve 5A, by which the air inflow of the liquid F to the pump is determined. Pumps that can only be arranged slightly below the water surface are particularly suitable for this operating mode, since they only have to work with a low suction vacuum.
  • the metering valve 5A is either set to a fixed volume flow or is controlled by a level control device St2, which is connected to a level sensor M1.
  • a metering valve 72 is also attached to the suction pipe 70 and is connected to a storage container 73 for a flocculant.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP85905326A 1985-01-16 1985-10-03 Verfahren zur lösung von gas in flüssigkeit Expired EP0208696B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85905326T ATE40304T1 (de) 1985-01-16 1985-10-03 Verfahren zur loesung von gas in fluessigkeit.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853501175 DE3501175A1 (de) 1985-01-16 1985-01-16 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur mischung und loesung von gas in fluessigkeit
DE3501175 1985-01-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0208696A1 EP0208696A1 (de) 1987-01-21
EP0208696B1 true EP0208696B1 (de) 1989-01-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85905326A Expired EP0208696B1 (de) 1985-01-16 1985-10-03 Verfahren zur lösung von gas in flüssigkeit

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US4735750A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0208696B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU4868185A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1318240C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3501175A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1986004262A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3501175A1 (de) 1986-07-17
DE3567815D1 (en) 1989-03-02
AU4868185A (en) 1986-08-13
CA1318240C (en) 1993-05-25
EP0208696A1 (de) 1987-01-21
DE3501175C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-07-14
WO1986004262A1 (en) 1986-07-31
US4735750A (en) 1988-04-05

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