EP0190539B1 - Appareillage pour l'électrodéposition de couches composites - Google Patents

Appareillage pour l'électrodéposition de couches composites Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0190539B1
EP0190539B1 EP85810615A EP85810615A EP0190539B1 EP 0190539 B1 EP0190539 B1 EP 0190539B1 EP 85810615 A EP85810615 A EP 85810615A EP 85810615 A EP85810615 A EP 85810615A EP 0190539 B1 EP0190539 B1 EP 0190539B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
annular space
workpiece
wall
cylindrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85810615A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0190539A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-François Paulet
Heinz Steup
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
Original Assignee
Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schweizerische Aluminium AG, Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd filed Critical Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority to AT85810615T priority Critical patent/ATE50802T1/de
Publication of EP0190539A1 publication Critical patent/EP0190539A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0190539B1 publication Critical patent/EP0190539B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/08—Electroplating with moving electrolyte e.g. jet electroplating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the galvanic deposition of a dispersion layer with a metallic basic structure and uniformly distributed, fine-grained hard material particles by continuously feeding an electrolyte circulating in a spiraling, eddy-free flow with metal ions and suspended fine-grained hard material particles onto the cylindrical or slightly conical, metallic Inner surface of a cathodically connected workpiece, in which the inner surface forms at least part of the outer wall of the annular electrolyte container.
  • Dispersion layers of this type usually a nickel / silicon carbide system, show versatile properties by varying the matrix material, the particle material, the particle size and distribution.
  • GB-PS 860 291 describes a coating method in which electrolyte is introduced into a tub through a supply line arranged above it, which is withdrawn from the bottom of the tub and fed to the electrolyte circuit.
  • the body to be coated on the surface rotates in the electrolyte.
  • Surface parts that are not to be provided with the coating must be covered with paint, for example, before immersion.
  • intensive post-processing is required because of its very rough surface.
  • Another shortcoming arises from the fact that the installation of the solid particles in the deposited metal is very different depending on the flow conditions; a uniform coating is not possible according to GB-PS 860 291. If inner surfaces of hollow bodies are to be provided with a coating, the formation of bubbles during the dipping process creates a further influence which interferes with the coating.
  • EP-A-0 108 035 describes a device of the type mentioned at the outset.
  • DE-A-3 142 739 describes a method and a device for applying a dispersion layer to hollow workpieces which do not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the hollow, in particular cylindrical or conical, workpiece is used as part of the electrolyte container and electrolyte material is fed to the inner surface via a moving feeder.
  • the feed for the suspension electrolyte forming the treatment bath is guided along the surface of the material to be coated.
  • US-A-2406956 describes the metal coating of axle bearing housings which are connected cathodically, have a cylindrical inner surface and are used as the upper part of the outer wall of an annular electrolyte container.
  • the inventors have set themselves the task of achieving the good, regular layer structure, which can be produced according to DE-A-3 142 739, more economically with simpler means.
  • the vortex-free, practically laminar regular flow in the area of the cylindrical or slightly conical inner surface of the workpiece is generated by the fact that it delimits an upper annular space outwards, below which a circulating turbulent flow of the electrolyte is generated in a lower annular space by a tangentially arranged one Supply line opens the electrolyte in the lowest area of this annular space and at least two baffles are arranged in the upper area of the lower annular space, which break the turbulence and lead the electrolyte in a vortex-free manner into the lowermost region of the inner surface to be coated, where the flow continues in a laminar manner and merges into the spiraling movement according to the invention.
  • the electrolyte and the hard material particles dispersed therein are slowly but steadily used up.
  • the hard particles are replaced during the process, if at all, in portions or continuously.
  • the metal ions deposited to produce the matrix layer are preferably replaced by arranging an anode in the electrolyte container which at least partially consists of the corresponding metal.
  • metal is dissolved on the anode to the same extent as it is deposited on the cylindrical or slightly conical inner surface of the workpiece to be coated.
  • the electrolyte circuit can extend over one or more cells for the production of dispersion layers according to the invention. For large production series, further economic advantages can be achieved by supplying cells from an electrolyte container in series.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a device for producing dispersion layers on brake drums in car wheels, a brake drum being placed on the cell.
  • the cell with the essentially annular electrolyte container has a lower annular space 10 made of polypropylene, which is delimited by a strong outer wall 12 and a thinner inner wall 14.
  • the feed line 16 for the electrolyte 48 is visible, which opens tangentially.
  • the electrolyte 48 rises in a turbulent circulating flow and reaches the lower circular chicane 18 fastened to the outer wall.
  • the electrolyte reaches the upper, likewise disk-shaped chicane 19 formed from the inner wall 14 , which separates the lower annular space 10 from the upper annular space 20 of the electrolyte container.
  • the upper edge 22 of the outer wall 12 of the lower annular space 10 has two bulges which extend over the entire circumference. These are designed in such a way that they fit into suitable recesses in the lower edge 26 of the attached brake drum 24.
  • This brake drum has a cylindrical inner surface 28, the brake surface, which is to be coated.
  • the brake drum also has a plurality of cooling fins 30.
  • the hub 32 of the brake drum extends into the interior of the electrolyte container 10, 20.
  • the inner surface 28 to be coated of the brake drum 24 used as a workpiece is at the same time the outer wall of the upper annular space 20.
  • the inner wall 34 of the upper annular space is an extension of the inner wall 14 of the lower annular space 10.
  • the inner wall 34 is angled inward in the upper area and forms part of the top surface and is close to or completely close to the brake drum 24.
  • the electrolyte 48 rises slowly in a spiral movement and flows in a regular laminar flow without eddy formation along the inner surface 28. This ensures a long contact time between the inner surface 28 of the brake drum 24 and the electrolyte 48 with the suspended hard material particles. which guarantees the build-up of a regular dispersion layer with a high build-up rate.
  • the electrolyte After reaching the top surface partially formed by the brake drum 24, the electrolyte flows through channels 36 cut out in the uppermost region of the inwardly angled inner wall 34 in the direction of the interior 38 of the electrolyte container 10, 20. Below the cell - not visible in FIG. 1 - the electrolyte is collected and returned to the feed line 16 by a circulating pump.
  • the anode 40 is fastened in the upper annular space 20, on the inner wall 34 and the part which is angled outwards. It consists of a basket with a mesh made of titanium and nickel balls filled into it. The attachment is carried out by titanium screws 42, which also ensure the contact of the anode basket with the positive power supply lines 44.
  • the anodic current supply lines 44 are connected to a direct current source, not shown in FIG. 1; the negative pole of which leads to the brake drum 24.
  • the titanium screws 42 fasten a titanium ring 46, which is connected to a total of six power supply lines 44, which are also made of titanium, but can optionally be at least partially replaced by copper lines.
  • the path of the electrolyte 48 with the suspended solid particles through the cell is outlined with arrows.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Dispositif pour l'électrodéposition d'une couche en dispersion, comprenant une structure métallique de base et des particules à grain fin de substance dure uniformément réparties, par amenée continue d'un électrolyte (48) circulant, sous la forme d'un écoulement spiralé ascendant, sans tourbillons, contenant des ions métalliques et des particules à grain fin de substance dure en suspension, le dépôt s'effectuant sur la surface métallique interne (28) de forme cylindrique ou légèrement conique d'une pièce (24) branchée comme cathode, dispositif dans lequel la surface interne (28) constitue au moins une partie de la paroi externe (12) du récipient d'électrolyte (10, 20) de forme annulaire, caractérisé en ce que, le récipient d'électrolyte (10, 20) est composé essentiellement d'un espace annulaire inférieur (10), comprenant une conduite d'amenée (16) pour l'électrolyte (48), débouchant tangentiellement dans la partie inférieure, au moins deux chicanes (18, 19) disposées dans la partie supérieure et destinées à briser les turbulences, de même que des évidements ménagés dans le bord supérieur (22) de la paroi externe (12) pour la réception à complémentarité de formes du bord inférieur (26) de conformation correspondante de la pièce (24), ainsi que d'un espace annulaire supérieur (20), ouvert en bas le long de la périphérie, qui est délimité par la surface interne (28) cylindrique ou légèrement conique de la pièce (24) en tant que paroi externe, par la chicane supérieure (19) en tant que fond, par le prolongement de l'espace annulaire inférieur en tant que paroi interne (34) et par la pièce (24) et/ou une partie coudée ou recourbée de la paroi interne (34) en tant que surface supérieure de recouvrement, que l'anode (40), de forme annulaire, est fixée à la paroi interne (34) de l'espace annulaire supérieur (20) du récipient d'électrolyte et peut être alimentée par des conducteurs d'amenée de courant (44) qui passent à travers le volume intérieur (38) du récipient d'électrolyte (10, 20) et que, au-dessus du niveau de la surface interne (28) cylindrique ou légèrement conique de la pièce (24), des canaux (36) mènent de l'espace annulaire supérieur (20) au volume intérieur (38) du récipient d'électrolyte (10, 20).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'espace annulaire inférieur (10), les chicanes (18, 19) et la paroi interne (34) de l'espace annulaire supérieur, y compris une partie formant éventuellement la surface supérieure de recouvrement, sont réalisés d'une matière synthétique, de préférence de polyéthylène ou de polypropylène, ou d'un métal qui résiste à la corrosion et est isolé vis-à-vis de la pièce (24) et de l'anode (40).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les chicanes (18, 19) sont discoïdes et sont reliées alternativement à la paroi interne (14) et à la paroi externe (12) de l'espace annulaire inférieur (10), la chicane supérieure (19) étant cependant reliée à la paroi interne (14) et sa périphérie étant disposée au niveau de la partie inférieure de la surface interne (28) cylindrique ou légèrement conique, avec formation d'une fente annulaire.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'anode (40) est réalisée comme un panier qui contient des grains métalliques, le panier et les conducteurs d'amenée de courant (44) étant de préférence de titane et les grains métalliques étant de préférence de nickel.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pièce (24) est un tambour de frein et la surface hinterne (28) est la surface de freinage de ce tambour.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le tambour de frein est en aluminium ou un alliage d'aluminium.
EP85810615A 1985-01-17 1985-12-23 Appareillage pour l'électrodéposition de couches composites Expired - Lifetime EP0190539B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85810615T ATE50802T1 (de) 1985-01-17 1985-12-23 Vorrichtung zum galvanischen abscheiden einer dispersionsschicht.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH20785 1985-01-17
CH207/85 1985-01-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0190539A1 EP0190539A1 (fr) 1986-08-13
EP0190539B1 true EP0190539B1 (fr) 1990-03-07

Family

ID=4181695

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85810615A Expired - Lifetime EP0190539B1 (fr) 1985-01-17 1985-12-23 Appareillage pour l'électrodéposition de couches composites

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4645580A (fr)
EP (1) EP0190539B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE50802T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3576370D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3742602A1 (de) * 1987-12-16 1989-06-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Vorrichtung zum erzeugen von dispersionsschichten
WO1990005801A1 (fr) * 1988-11-24 1990-05-31 Gerhard Gramm Dispositif pour appliquer et/ou oter des revetements sur des pieces
FR2641003B1 (fr) * 1988-12-23 1991-04-05 Tech Milieu Ionisant
FR2648157A1 (fr) * 1989-06-13 1990-12-14 Traitement Surface Mecanique Dispositif permettant d'assurer un depot electrolytique homogene sur des surfaces cylindriques de grandes dimensions
DE3937765A1 (de) * 1989-11-14 1991-05-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Bauteil mit einer siliziumcarbidhaltigen verschleiss-schutzschicht
DE3937763A1 (de) * 1989-11-14 1991-05-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum herstellen einer laufflaechenbewehrung
US6086731A (en) * 1996-10-24 2000-07-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Composite plating apparatus
US6444101B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2002-09-03 Applied Materials, Inc. Conductive biasing member for metal layering
DE602005007271D1 (de) * 2005-02-21 2008-07-10 Aerotecnica Coltri S P A Anode für eine vorrichtung zur galvanischen beschichtung der laufflächen von zylindern

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2406956A (en) * 1942-10-27 1946-09-03 Gen Motors Corp Apparatus for electroplating of bearing shells
US3922208A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-11-25 Ford Motor Co Method of improving the surface finish of as-plated elnisil coatings
US4085010A (en) * 1974-01-22 1978-04-18 Suzuki Motor Company Limited Process for powder-dispersed composite plating
US4174261A (en) * 1976-07-16 1979-11-13 Pellegrino Peter P Apparatus for electroplating, deplating or etching
IT1129345B (it) * 1980-10-29 1986-06-04 Fiat Ricerche Disp*sitivo per il trattamento elettrolitico della superficie di pezzi maccanici particolarmente di cilindri di motori a combustione interna
DE3241452C2 (de) * 1982-10-06 1985-05-30 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag, Chippis Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Erzeugung von Dispersionsbeschichtungen sowie deren Anwendung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0190539A1 (fr) 1986-08-13
ATE50802T1 (de) 1990-03-15
DE3576370D1 (de) 1990-04-12
US4645580A (en) 1987-02-24

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