EP0188160A1 - Enteisungsanlage für eine Flügelstruktur - Google Patents

Enteisungsanlage für eine Flügelstruktur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0188160A1
EP0188160A1 EP85402600A EP85402600A EP0188160A1 EP 0188160 A1 EP0188160 A1 EP 0188160A1 EP 85402600 A EP85402600 A EP 85402600A EP 85402600 A EP85402600 A EP 85402600A EP 0188160 A1 EP0188160 A1 EP 0188160A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
ribbon
wing structure
wing
conductive fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85402600A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0188160B1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Barbier
Alain Cohendy
Rémy Reynet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Group SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Publication of EP0188160A1 publication Critical patent/EP0188160A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0188160B1 publication Critical patent/EP0188160B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing

Definitions

  • the technique then evolved on the "heating panels" side, that is to say the placing of plates or mats of a fibrous composite structure in which conductive fibers are dispersed (whether boron or carbon) .
  • the supply of electric current to pass through the fibers is carried out by the connection of wires to a metal frame attached to the edge of the panel and kept in contact with the fibers or to a metal deposit, produced by vaporization or by electrolytic means, at the ends of the panel containing the fibers.
  • these devices have a major defect with regard to the necessary electrical contacts between the fibers and the supply wires.
  • the resins used in the composite materials have a fairly average adhesive power, so that detachments of the metallic foils can distribute the current to the fibers.
  • the improvement in bonding leads to an increase in the resistance of the contact points resulting in very localized overheating degrading the adhesive and the resin and therefore to weakening of the mechanical connection and rupture of the electrical connection.
  • the extra thicknesses which exist at the points of the electrical connections are detrimental to the respect of the aerodynamic profile of the airfoil and constitute a hindrance to the correct positioning of the shielding structures and of protection of the leading edges against shocks and the erosion.
  • the present invention intends to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a deicing device in which the heating element or elements are integrated without altering the resistance of the leading edge of the airfoil, and are connected to the supply wires in an extremely stable without constituting critical points both from the electrical point of view and from the mechanical point of view.
  • the device is also obtained by a simple manufacturing process which allows it to be easily adapted to the wing or blade profile to be fitted or even to be integrated therein at the same time of the manufacture of the wing or the blade.
  • the invention therefore has as its first object an element with electrical resistance forming part of a device for deicing a wing structure such as the wing of an airplane or the blades of a helicopter comprising conductive fibers. drowned in a composite fiber structure and supply wires electrically connected to said conductive fibers.
  • the conductive fibers are carbon fibers in the form of at least one ribbon in which the fibers are oriented longitudinally, prepreg of resin and of which at least one end is subject in a deformable tubular element with metallic meshes ensuring the electrical connection by contact with said strip and by welding or crimping with the corresponding supply wire.
  • a second object of the invention resides in a de-icing device comprising at least one of the aforementioned elements and which consists of a length, determined as a function of the resistance to be obtained from the above-mentioned carbon fiber ribbon, including the part tape covered by said tubular element, disposed between at least two layers of a composite material so as to form a heating mat.
  • the aforementioned element may consist of at least two sections of parallel and side by side ribbon arranged on either side of an intermediate layer of composite material and connected in series by one of their ends to the by means of a section of ribbon overlapping said ends not covered by said intermediate layer.
  • a third object of the invention is the method for producing the above defrosting device in which the heating mat is formed flat and then is placed between a form and a counterform where it is polymerized under pressure to obtain the profile. the leading edge of the wing structure to be fitted.
  • an element 1 resistant from the electrical point of view, consisting of a ribbon 2 of carbon fibers oriented parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the ribbon, and prepreg d '' a resin capable of being polymerized and hardened. It will be noted that for a section of 3 square millimeters the section of pure carbon is, in a ribbon used of the order of 1.9 mm 2 .
  • One of the ends 2a of the ribbon is capped with a tubular element 3 with mesh formed by knitting of a suitable metal wire.
  • FIG. 2 shows that in order to produce a defrosting device with the above-mentioned element 1, an element 6 such as that on an insulating base substrate 5 (for example glass fabric preferably prepreg) is provided, 1 above which is here constituted by three sections 6a, 6b, 6c of carbon fiber ribbon which form an electrical resistance of a value which will depend, for a given section of the ribbon, on the total length of the element 6.
  • the free ends of the sections 6a and 6c are fitted with tubular knits soldered in tin to the connection wires 7a 7b.
  • a second protective layer 8 identical to layer 5 covers the latter and the element 6 which it carries.
  • the mat thus formed can be polymerized under pressure between a shape and a counter-shape reproducing the profile of the wing on which the device will be docked. Care will have been taken to place the substrates 5 and 8 so that they completely cover the ends of the sections 6a and 6b sheathed with the knitted sleeve so that only the conductors 7a and 7b are located outside the assembly.
  • the pressure applied during the polymerization makes it possible, on the one hand, to firmly anchor the sleeves in the resin of the ribbon and, on the other hand, to ensure intimate contact between the two substrates 5 and 8 in the area between the two sections 6a. 6c creating an effective isolation from one with respect to the other.
  • the section 6b having been simply placed at the end of the sections 6a and 6c, the pressure also makes it possible to obtain good electrical continuity between them.
  • Figures 3 to 10 illustrate the constitution of a defrosting device intended to be supplied with three-phase current.
  • a defrosting device intended to be supplied with three-phase current.
  • three sections 10 of ribbon of prepreg carbon fibers are placed parallel and regularly spaced from each other by a distance at least equal to the width of the ribbon.
  • a section of overlapping ribbon 11 one of their three ends constitutes the common triangle mounting of the three resistors that the device will include.
  • An intermediate layer 12 also made of preferably pre-impregnated glass fabric is then placed on the sections 10 and 11 so as to leave uncovered the ends 10a of the sections 10.
  • the defrosting device made in a very simple manner flat can then be polymerized under pressure into a suitable mold. It can also be incorporated into the very mold for constituting the wing structure (airplane wing or helicopter blade) itself made of composite material. In the latter case, we will have chosen substrates 9, 12 and 17 of the same kind as those which are used for the constitution of the wings or blades.
  • the invention finds an interesting application in the field of aeronautics.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
EP85402600A 1984-12-26 1985-12-23 Enteisungsanlage für eine Flügelstruktur Expired - Lifetime EP0188160B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8419801 1984-12-26
FR8419801A FR2578377B1 (fr) 1984-12-26 1984-12-26 Element chauffant de dispositif de degivrage d'une structure alaire, dispositif et son procede d'obtention

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0188160A1 true EP0188160A1 (de) 1986-07-23
EP0188160B1 EP0188160B1 (de) 1991-06-05

Family

ID=9310966

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402600A Expired - Lifetime EP0188160B1 (de) 1984-12-26 1985-12-23 Enteisungsanlage für eine Flügelstruktur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4737618A (de)
EP (1) EP0188160B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0747400B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1258481A (de)
DE (1) DE3583133D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2578377B1 (de)
IN (1) IN165810B (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0427619A2 (de) * 1989-11-09 1991-05-15 Saint-Gobain Vitrage International Heizbare Verbundglasscheibe für Fahrzeuge
EP0506521A1 (de) * 1991-03-27 1992-09-30 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Heizbare Verbundglasscheibe
FR2719182A1 (fr) * 1990-11-21 1995-10-27 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Dispositif de dégivrage électrique.
EP0717585A1 (de) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Eurocopter France Verbundmaterial und Verbundelement mit dadurch sichergestellter elektrischer Kontinuität, dessen Herstellungsverfahren und dessen Verwendung in Flugzeugindustrie
WO2009095335A2 (de) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-06 Airbus Operations Gmbh Faserverbundbauteil für ein luft- oder raumfahrzeug
EP2667025A1 (de) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaufel einer Windturbine mit Heizmatte
ITBO20120382A1 (it) * 2012-07-13 2014-01-14 Arturo Ferozzi Procedimento per la produzione di pannelli riscaldanti, e pannello realizzato con tale procedimento
CN105050216A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2015-11-11 宋金昌 复合纤维电热捻线及其制备方法
WO2017032803A1 (de) * 2015-08-26 2017-03-02 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Heizsystem zur elektrothermischen temperierung und verfahren zur herstellung hierzu
US10841980B2 (en) 2015-10-19 2020-11-17 Laminaheat Holding Ltd. Laminar heating elements with customized or non-uniform resistance and/or irregular shapes and processes for manufacture
US10925119B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2021-02-16 Laminaheat Holding Ltd. Fabric heating element
USD911038S1 (en) 2019-10-11 2021-02-23 Laminaheat Holding Ltd. Heating element sheet having perforations

Families Citing this family (70)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3835981A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-26 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Verfahren zur pruefung der toleranzen von bohrungen
CA2074487C (en) * 1990-01-24 1995-06-27 Otis H. Hastings Electrically conductive laminate for temperature control of surfaces
FR2691238A1 (fr) * 1992-05-18 1993-11-19 Friga Bohn Cuvette d'évacuation des condensats pour évaporateurs.
DE4221454A1 (de) * 1992-06-30 1994-03-10 Fibertec Gmbh Heizelement aus elektrisch leitfähigen Fasergeweben und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE4221455A1 (de) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-13 Giulini Chemie Heizelement aus Komposit-Werkstoffen
FR2744872B1 (fr) * 1996-02-08 1998-04-10 Eurocopter France Dispositif de chauffage d'un profil aerodynamique
US5954977A (en) * 1996-04-19 1999-09-21 Thermion Systems International Method for preventing biofouling in aquatic environments
US5981911A (en) * 1996-04-19 1999-11-09 Thermicon Systems International Method for heating the surface of a food receptacle
US5932124A (en) * 1996-04-19 1999-08-03 Thermion Systems International Method for heating a solid surface such as a floor, wall, or countertop surface
US5966501A (en) * 1996-04-19 1999-10-12 Themion Systems International Method for controlling the viscosity of a fluid in a defined volume
US6018141A (en) * 1996-04-19 2000-01-25 Thermion Systems International Method for heating a tooling die
FR2756253B1 (fr) * 1996-11-27 1999-01-29 Eurocopter France Elements resistifs pour le chauffage d'un profil aerodynamique, et dispositif de chauffage d'un profil aerodynamique incorporant de tels elements
FR2756254B1 (fr) * 1996-11-27 1999-01-29 Eurocopter France Dispositif de chauffage d'un profil aerodynamique
DE69818992T2 (de) * 1997-05-20 2004-07-22 Thermion Systems International, Stratford Einrichtung und verfahren zum heizen und enteisen von windturbinenblättern
US6237874B1 (en) 1997-09-22 2001-05-29 Northcoast Technologies Zoned aircraft de-icing system and method
US6279856B1 (en) 1997-09-22 2001-08-28 Northcoast Technologies Aircraft de-icing system
US5934617A (en) 1997-09-22 1999-08-10 Northcoast Technologies De-ice and anti-ice system and method for aircraft surfaces
DE29809206U1 (de) * 1998-05-22 1998-10-22 Limax Oel Gas Fernwaermetechni Flexible Heizmatte
US7087876B2 (en) * 1998-06-15 2006-08-08 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College High-frequency melting of interfacial ice
US7164100B2 (en) * 1998-06-15 2007-01-16 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College High-frequency de-icing of cableways
US7883609B2 (en) 1998-06-15 2011-02-08 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Ice modification removal and prevention
US6403935B2 (en) * 1999-05-11 2002-06-11 Thermosoft International Corporation Soft heating element and method of its electrical termination
US6832742B2 (en) * 1999-10-25 2004-12-21 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College System and method for an electrical de-icing coating
WO2001043507A1 (en) 1999-12-10 2001-06-14 Thermion Systems International A thermoplastic laminate fabric heater and methods for making same
RU2218291C1 (ru) * 1999-12-30 2003-12-10 Трастиз Оф Дартмут Колледж Система и способ получения электрического антиобледенительного покрытия
DE10024624A1 (de) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-22 Bayer Ag Modifizierte Polyisocyanate
DE10151298A1 (de) * 2001-10-17 2003-04-30 Joerg Runge-Rannow Heizfolie aus mehreren Schichten und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
AU2003213017A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-09-04 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Systems and methods for modifying an ice-to-object interface
US20090235681A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2009-09-24 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Pulse Electrothermal Mold Release Icemaker For Refrigerator Having Interlock Closure And Baffle For Safety
US20080196429A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2008-08-21 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Pulse Electrothermal And Heat-Storage Ice Detachment Apparatus And Method
US8405002B2 (en) * 2002-02-11 2013-03-26 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Pulse electrothermal mold release icemaker with safety baffles for refrigerator
US20080223842A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2008-09-18 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Systems And Methods For Windshield Deicing
US7638735B2 (en) * 2002-02-11 2009-12-29 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Pulse electrothermal and heat-storage ice detachment apparatus and methods
US6696674B1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-02-24 Anthony J. Doornsbosch Snow and ice melting system
ITMI20030188A1 (it) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-06 Alfonso Branca Procedimento di deformazione di un elemento e relativo
FR2866000B1 (fr) 2004-02-11 2007-04-06 Eurocopter France Tapis chauffant compose de fibres electriquement conductrices.
JP2008503710A (ja) * 2004-06-22 2008-02-07 ザ トラスティーズ オブ ダートマウス カレッジ 氷を剥がすためのパルスシステムおよび方法
JP4093316B2 (ja) * 2004-09-29 2008-06-04 富士通株式会社 放熱フィンの製造方法
US7157663B1 (en) 2005-10-12 2007-01-02 The Boeing Company Conducting-fiber deicing systems and methods
US20070080481A1 (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-12 The Boeing Company Apparatus and methods for fabrication of composite components
US7291815B2 (en) 2006-02-24 2007-11-06 Goodrich Corporation Composite ice protection heater and method of producing same
US7923668B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2011-04-12 Rohr, Inc. Acoustic nacelle inlet lip having composite construction and an integral electric ice protection heater disposed therein
EP2363429A1 (de) * 2006-03-10 2011-09-07 Goodrich Corporation Blitzschlagschutz mit geringer Dichte zur Verwendung in Flugzeugen
DE102006016861A1 (de) * 2006-03-21 2007-09-27 Heitexx Ltd. Kontaktierungssystem, Heizelement und Herstellung eines Kontaktierungssystems und eines Heizelements
EP2660385B1 (de) * 2006-05-02 2018-07-04 Goodrich Corporation Blitzschutzmaterial
CN101484763A (zh) * 2006-05-22 2009-07-15 达特默斯大学托管会 复杂形状的脉冲电热除冰
US20080166563A1 (en) * 2007-01-04 2008-07-10 Goodrich Corporation Electrothermal heater made from thermally conducting electrically insulating polymer material
JP2009107515A (ja) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-21 Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd 航空機の複合材製構造体の製造方法及びその構造体
US7837150B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2010-11-23 Rohr, Inc. Ice protection system for a multi-segment aircraft component
US8006934B2 (en) * 2008-03-31 2011-08-30 United Technologies Corporation Heating architecture for a composite fairing
US8424324B2 (en) 2008-11-05 2013-04-23 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Refrigerant evaporators with pulse-electrothermal defrosting
US8800145B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2014-08-12 Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Refurbishing method and system for a main rotor blade spar
US9111658B2 (en) 2009-04-24 2015-08-18 Applied Nanostructured Solutions, Llc CNS-shielded wires
CN102460447A (zh) * 2009-04-27 2012-05-16 应用纳米结构方案公司 防止或除去复合结构结冰的基于cnt的电阻加热
US8561934B2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2013-10-22 Teresa M. Kruckenberg Lightning strike protection
US8931296B2 (en) * 2009-11-23 2015-01-13 John S. Chen System and method for energy-saving inductive heating of evaporators and other heat-exchangers
US20120082806A1 (en) 2010-10-04 2012-04-05 Kyle Ryan Kissell Heatable coating with nanomaterials
US8463113B2 (en) * 2010-12-20 2013-06-11 Gyu Eob HWANG Fan heater applying a carbon fiber ribbon secured in each heating cartridge
FI20115536L (fi) * 2011-05-31 2013-03-25 Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt Oy Tuuliturbiinin siipi ja tähän liittyvä valmistusmenetelmä
EP2602455B1 (de) * 2011-12-07 2015-02-11 Nordex Energy GmbH Windenergieanlagenrotorblatt mit einem elektrischen Heizelement
US9085464B2 (en) 2012-03-07 2015-07-21 Applied Nanostructured Solutions, Llc Resistance measurement system and method of using the same
CN103179704B (zh) * 2012-08-24 2016-06-08 山东盛世隆服饰有限公司 复合纤维电热捻线及其制备方法
EP3040013A1 (de) 2014-12-31 2016-07-06 Indesit Company S.p.A. Heizverfahren für haushaltsgeräte und entsprechende waschmaschine
US20160187001A1 (en) 2014-12-31 2016-06-30 Indesit Company S.P.A. Oven
EP3040472A1 (de) 2014-12-31 2016-07-06 Indesit Company S.p.A. Haushaltsgerät-heizverfahren und zugehöriger trockner bzw. waschtrockner
EP3285545B1 (de) * 2016-08-17 2020-05-06 Ratier-Figeac SAS Heizvorrichtung
US10708979B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-07-07 De-Ice Technologies Heating a bulk medium
US11873098B2 (en) * 2018-10-22 2024-01-16 Goodrich Corporation Heater design for carbon allotrope ice protection systems
WO2020122867A1 (en) 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 General Electric Company Method for manufacturing a structural component of a blade segment for a rotor blade of a wind turbine
EP4355995A1 (de) * 2021-06-16 2024-04-24 LM Wind Power A/S Windturbinenschaufel mit enteisungssystem

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB613655A (en) * 1946-06-24 1948-12-01 Robert Scheffer Ely Improvements in or relating to electric heating elements, particularly applicable tode-icing
US2884509A (en) * 1957-03-05 1959-04-28 Electrofilm Inc Heating element containing a conductive mesh
US3146340A (en) * 1961-08-21 1964-08-25 Baird Atomic Inc Heating devices
US3178560A (en) * 1960-11-18 1965-04-13 Dowty Rotol Ltd Electrical de-icing devices
DE1254264B (de) * 1958-04-24 1967-11-16 Goodrich Co B F Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines geschichteten elektrischen Heizkoerpers von plattenfoermiger Gestalt
GB1115023A (en) * 1964-09-05 1968-05-22 M H Godden Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical resistance heating mats
DE2147137A1 (de) * 1970-09-21 1972-05-25 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Flächenheizvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
DE2316707A1 (de) * 1972-04-06 1973-10-31 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Feuchtigkeitsfester plattenerhitzer
DE2307640A1 (de) * 1973-02-16 1974-08-22 Presswerk Koengen Gmbh Heizbarer schichtstoffpresskoerper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
FR2356336A1 (fr) * 1976-06-25 1978-01-20 Licentia Gmbh Element chauffant a resistance electrique destine a etre utilise notamment sur des profiles d'avions ou sur des pales de rotors d'helicopteres
EP0022919A2 (de) * 1979-07-13 1981-01-28 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Gewebeimprägnieren durch Harzinjektionen
EP0038922A2 (de) * 1980-04-25 1981-11-04 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Anordnung zur Beheizung grossflächiger Laminatformkörper

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU197708A1 (ru) * 1966-03-23 1973-01-08 ВСЕСОЮЗНАЯ IШ.-уул -•'УУк''ГГ<(.?>&'?3! tHihl^it-Abfr:'.- EUi.'tiБ^'-|€:ЛИО^ТКА (ТЕРЛ10
US4301356A (en) * 1978-03-09 1981-11-17 Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heating unit and method for production thereof

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB613655A (en) * 1946-06-24 1948-12-01 Robert Scheffer Ely Improvements in or relating to electric heating elements, particularly applicable tode-icing
US2884509A (en) * 1957-03-05 1959-04-28 Electrofilm Inc Heating element containing a conductive mesh
DE1254264B (de) * 1958-04-24 1967-11-16 Goodrich Co B F Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines geschichteten elektrischen Heizkoerpers von plattenfoermiger Gestalt
US3178560A (en) * 1960-11-18 1965-04-13 Dowty Rotol Ltd Electrical de-icing devices
US3146340A (en) * 1961-08-21 1964-08-25 Baird Atomic Inc Heating devices
GB1115023A (en) * 1964-09-05 1968-05-22 M H Godden Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical resistance heating mats
DE2147137A1 (de) * 1970-09-21 1972-05-25 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Flächenheizvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
DE2316707A1 (de) * 1972-04-06 1973-10-31 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Feuchtigkeitsfester plattenerhitzer
DE2307640A1 (de) * 1973-02-16 1974-08-22 Presswerk Koengen Gmbh Heizbarer schichtstoffpresskoerper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
FR2356336A1 (fr) * 1976-06-25 1978-01-20 Licentia Gmbh Element chauffant a resistance electrique destine a etre utilise notamment sur des profiles d'avions ou sur des pales de rotors d'helicopteres
EP0022919A2 (de) * 1979-07-13 1981-01-28 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Gewebeimprägnieren durch Harzinjektionen
EP0038922A2 (de) * 1980-04-25 1981-11-04 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Anordnung zur Beheizung grossflächiger Laminatformkörper

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0427619A2 (de) * 1989-11-09 1991-05-15 Saint-Gobain Vitrage International Heizbare Verbundglasscheibe für Fahrzeuge
EP0427619A3 (en) * 1989-11-09 1992-02-26 Saint-Gobain Vitrage International Heated laminated glass window for vehicles
FR2719182A1 (fr) * 1990-11-21 1995-10-27 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Dispositif de dégivrage électrique.
EP0506521A1 (de) * 1991-03-27 1992-09-30 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Heizbare Verbundglasscheibe
FR2674720A1 (fr) * 1991-03-27 1992-10-02 Saint Gobain Vitrage Int Vitrage feuillete chauffant.
EP0717585A1 (de) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Eurocopter France Verbundmaterial und Verbundelement mit dadurch sichergestellter elektrischer Kontinuität, dessen Herstellungsverfahren und dessen Verwendung in Flugzeugindustrie
FR2728395A1 (fr) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-21 Eurocopter France Element en materiau composite avec assemblage(s) de continuite electrique a travers l'element, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation en aeronautique
WO2009095335A3 (de) * 2008-01-29 2009-09-24 Airbus Operations Gmbh Faserverbundbauteil für ein luft- oder raumfahrzeug
WO2009095335A2 (de) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-06 Airbus Operations Gmbh Faserverbundbauteil für ein luft- oder raumfahrzeug
US9669937B2 (en) 2008-01-29 2017-06-06 Airbus Operations Gmbh Fiber composite part for an aircraft or spacecraft
EP2667025A1 (de) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaufel einer Windturbine mit Heizmatte
ITBO20120382A1 (it) * 2012-07-13 2014-01-14 Arturo Ferozzi Procedimento per la produzione di pannelli riscaldanti, e pannello realizzato con tale procedimento
US10925119B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2021-02-16 Laminaheat Holding Ltd. Fabric heating element
CN105050216A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2015-11-11 宋金昌 复合纤维电热捻线及其制备方法
WO2017032803A1 (de) * 2015-08-26 2017-03-02 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Heizsystem zur elektrothermischen temperierung und verfahren zur herstellung hierzu
US10841980B2 (en) 2015-10-19 2020-11-17 Laminaheat Holding Ltd. Laminar heating elements with customized or non-uniform resistance and/or irregular shapes and processes for manufacture
USD911038S1 (en) 2019-10-11 2021-02-23 Laminaheat Holding Ltd. Heating element sheet having perforations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2578377A1 (fr) 1986-09-05
DE3583133D1 (de) 1991-07-11
IN165810B (de) 1990-01-13
JPH0747400B2 (ja) 1995-05-24
EP0188160B1 (de) 1991-06-05
CA1258481A (fr) 1989-08-15
US4737618A (en) 1988-04-12
JPS61157495A (ja) 1986-07-17
FR2578377B1 (fr) 1988-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0188160B1 (de) Enteisungsanlage für eine Flügelstruktur
CA2222469C (fr) Dispositif de chauffage d&#39;un profil aerodynamique
CA2222468C (fr) Elements resistifs pour le chauffage d&#39;un profil aerodynamique, et dispositif de chauffage d&#39;un profil aerodynamique incorporant de tels elements
EP1564142B1 (de) Wärmematte aus elektrisch leitfähigen Fasern
FR2779314A1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage a elements resistifs d&#39;un profil aerodynamique
FR2744872A1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage d&#39;un profil aerodynamique
CA2727749C (fr) Systeme de drainage d&#39;un courant de foudre genere par une decharge orageuse sur un aeronef
EP2321178B1 (de) Fertigungsverfahren für eine enteisungsstruktur einer triebwerksgondel
US20100108661A1 (en) Multi-layer heating assembly and method
FR2934566A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d&#39;un ensemble de degivrage sur un panneau d&#39;une nacelle.
WO2010026305A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d&#39;un panneau acoustique d&#39;une lèvre d&#39;entrée d&#39;air d&#39;une nacelle
EP2196393A1 (de) Enteisungssystem, Erstellungsverfahren und Flugzeugstruktur mit einem solchen System
EP1569301B1 (de) Elektrische Verbindung für ein Widerstandselement aus elektrisch leitfähigen Fasern
FR2630545A1 (fr) Piece de forme armee de fibres de carbone
FR2528795A1 (fr) Dispositif de degivrage pour aeronefs
FR3101283A1 (fr) Structure chauffante pour véhicule automobile
FR3096219A1 (fr) Structure chauffante pour véhicule automobile
FR2888080A1 (fr) Stratifie contenant en son sein un tissu conducteur de l&#39;electricite, degivreur electrothermique comportant ce stratifie et pale d&#39;helice comportant ce degivreur
FR2685250A1 (fr) Procede d&#39;incorporation d&#39;un element de rechauffage dans une structure en materiau composite.
FR2634755A1 (fr) Alimentation electrique de couches minces electro-conductrices deposees sur un substrat en verre
EP0991492B1 (de) Verbesserter, kompakter, elektrischer lötkolben
DE3718319A1 (de) Reflektor
EP2503842B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Stromversorgung eines Widerstandselements, und mit einer solchen Vorrichtung und einem solchen Widerstandselement ausgestattetes elektrisches System
EP4198283A1 (de) Heizmatratze für ein flugzeugvereisungsschutzsystem
BE658389A (de)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19860919

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: AEROSPATIALE SOCIETE NATIONALE INDUSTRIELLE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19880804

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3583133

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19910711

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19981204

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001003

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20011227

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021223

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20021223