Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/528—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where at least one of the chains R1, R2 or R3 is interrupted by a functional group, e.g. a -NH-, -NR-, -CO-, or -CON- group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/18—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from amino alcohols
  • C11D1/20—Fatty acid condensates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

• One of the ways to improve the washing power when washing at low temperatures is to use nonionic surfactants, alone or in combination with anionic surfactants of the alkylbenzenesulfonate type, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkanesulfonates, olefin sulfonates etc.
• DE-PS 23 27 describes 867 a washing process using a detergent with a combination of aliphatic polyethylene glycols from the group of the ethoxylated C 12 to C 20 alcohols, alkanediols, amines, carboxylic acids, carbonamides or sulfonamides with degrees of ethoxylation from 2 to 6 and from 8 to 20, the mixing ratio of the low ethoxylated compound to the higher ethoxylated compound being 1: 5 to 2: 1.
• washing and washing aids for carrying out a washing process are known, the surfactant combination of 20 to 90 wt .-% anionic, zwitterionic or nonionic surfactants and 10 to 80 wt .-% of a fabric softener, which contains a fatty acid condensation product with a certain proportion of fatty acid partial glycerides, the fatty acid condensation product being prepared by reacting a triglyceride from higher fatty acids with a hydroxyalkyl polyamine.
• This detergent has both cleaning and fabric softening properties. The production of a detergent with particularly good detergency at low washing temperatures cannot be derived from this.
• a detergent containing nonionic and optionally anionic surfactants and a condensation product prepared by reacting a triglyceride from higher fatty acids and a hydroxyalkyl polyamine and other conventional detergents, has increased detergency if it
• the low-ethoxylated aliphatic C 12 to C 20 alcohols can be natural or synthetically produced linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alcohols with 12 to 20 carbon atoms, to which 2 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide have been added. Ethylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols or oxo alcohols or combinations of fatty alcohols or oxo alcohols are generally used.
• Component a) can additionally or alternatively also consist of alkylphenol ethoxylates whose alkyl group contains 6 to 15 carbon atoms and to which 1.5 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide are attached.
• the higher ethoxylated aliphatic C 12 to C 20 alcohols are also derived from natural or synthetic alcohols with 12 to 20 carbon atoms, which can be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated and to which 8 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide are added per mole of alcohol Has.
• Component b) also or additionally comprises higher ethoxylated alkylphenols having 6 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group to which 6 to 20 mol ethylene oxide has been added.
• the weight ratio of component a): b) in the context of the present invention is in the range from 1: 0.5 to 1: 5.
• the stated combination of the nonionic surfactants with a low and a high proportion of ethylene oxide relates to combinations which consist both of low ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols with higher ethoxylated alkylphenols and also combinations of lower ethoxylated alkylphenols with higher ethoxylated alcohols. In any case, it is important that the combination contains low ethoxylated constituents and higher ethoxylated constituents in a ratio of 1: 0.5 to 1: 5.
• a condensation product which can be used according to the invention contains, for example, 2 to 20, preferably 5 to 15% by weight of diamide ester, 20 to 60, preferably 25 to 45% by weight of diamide, 5 to 40, preferably 10 to 35% by weight of monoamides, 5 to 40, preferably 10 to 30 wt .-% unreacted fatty acid triglyceride, the rest up to 100 wt .-% consists of free fatty acids, free amine, glycerin.
• a particularly suitable condensation product is obtained, for example, by reacting 1 mol of fatty acid triglyceride, preferably 1 mol of hardened beef tallow, corresponding to 3 mol of fatty acid residues and 1 mol of hydroxyethylethylenediamine, which is acidified, if desired, with an inorganic or a non-surfactant organic acid.
• the preparation of the condensation product is based on a hydroxyalkyl polyamine which is allowed to react with a triglyceride while heating to temperatures from 90 to 150 ° C., preferably from 90 to 130 ° C. Depending on the temperature used, up to 15, preferably up to 18, hours are necessary to set the reaction equilibrium. If 1 mol of hardened tallow is reacted with one mol of hydroxyethylethylenediamine under the conditions mentioned, condensation products of approximately the following composition are obtained: The rest up to 100% are free acids, glycerin and water.
• the reaction can be carried out until the reaction equilibrium is established; However, products in which the fatty acid condensation product makes up at least 50% by weight and preferably 60 to 90% by weight of the reaction product can also be used for technical purposes.
• the reaction product is cooled in a known manner and, if necessary, brought into a specific form, for example flake form or granule form or powder form.
• the reaction melt can also be mixed beforehand with a water-soluble non-surfactant organic or inorganic acid and the reaction product can be made slightly alkaline to slightly acidic.
• Suitable water-soluble organic or inorganic acids are, for example, acetic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid. Glycolic acid is preferably used.
• the fatty acid condensation product is combined in the detergent according to the invention, in addition to the combination of low-ethoxylated and higher-ethoxylated alcohols or alkylphenols, with 5 to 60% by weight of other detergent constituents and, if appropriate, with anionic surfactants, but the amount of these does not exceed the amount of the nonionic surfactants turn off.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali metal or ammonium or amine salts of linear alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfooates, olefin sulfonates, alpha-sulfofatty acid ester salts and alkyl sulfates.
• the other detergent components that can be contained in the process product and combined with the condensation product include, for example, framework substances of the water-soluble inorganic phosphate type; Also suitable are alkali metal salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids, such as, for example, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; alkali salts are also suitable organic phosphonic acids, such as, for example, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylene triphosphonic acid, ethylenediaminetetramethyltenphosphonic acid, diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid; Also suitable are polymeric carboxylic acids, such as, for example, polyacrylic acid, polyhydroxyacrylic acid, and copolymers of maleic acid with vinyl methyl ether or acrylic acid; Insoluble frameworks are also suitable, such as the sodium alumosilicates of type Zeolite A 4 that have recently been used increasingly as a phosphate substitute.
• Suitable frameworks are sodium carbonate and sodium or magnesium silicate.
• Other common detergent ingredients are graying inhibitors, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and ethoxylated starch.
• Alkali salts of saturated fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or siticon oils and / or paraffins in amounts of up to 4% are suitable as foam inhibitors.
• Compounds that are generally derived from diaminostilbene disuifonic acids are suitable as optical brighteners; but also derivatives of the type of diarylpyrrazolines, aminocoumarin, distirylbiphenyl, thiophene, alone or in mixtures, can be used as optical brighteners.
• bleaching agent is frequently added to detergents, which are preferably understood to mean active oxygen carriers, such as sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, in each case alone or in combination with organic, peracid-forming n-acyl compounds, for example tetraacetylethylene diamine, tetraacetylglycoluril as bleach activators.
• active oxygen carriers such as sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate
• organic, peracid-forming n-acyl compounds for example tetraacetylethylene diamine, tetraacetylglycoluril
• H 2 O 2 -supplying salts such as, for example, caroates, perbenzoates or peroxyphthalates, and also organic or inorganic active chlorine carriers, such as, for example, alkali metal hypochlorites, dichloro- or tricho-isocyanuric acid or their alkali metal salts, can be used as bleaching agents.
• the detergents according to the invention occasionally contain enzymes, with proteases and amylases resistant to alkali, perborate and surfactants being preferred. So much is used on proteases that there is a protease activity of 100 to 2,500 LVU per gram of finished product, and on amylases so much that there is an amylase activity of 20 to 2,000 SKBE per gram of finished product.
• Powdery detergents can be prepared by first preparing the condensation product and then suspending it together with the other detergent constituents, insofar as they are heat-stable, into an aqueous suspension and then spray drying. The spray-dried product can then be mixed with the remaining ingredients such as bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes and fragrances. To produce liquid detergents, the condensation product, which is present in molten or emulsified form, is worked into the preferably warm solution of the other constituents in water.
• the detergents according to the invention show significantly improved washing performance and controlled foam behavior when used.
• Example 1 shows the production of a detergent according to the invention (Example 1) and the production of detergents according to the prior art (Example 2, without the addition of a condensation product) and the production of a further detergent according to the prior art without the addition of a condensation product and without addition a combination of nonionic surfactants, consisting of low ethoxylated and highly ethoxylated compounds (Example 3).
• Example 1 5% by weight of tallow fatty alcohol + 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 5% by weight of tallow fatty alcohol + 14 moles of ethylene oxide were sprayed onto the basic detergent of Example 1, as described in Example 1.
• Example 1 10% by weight of tallow fatty alcohol + 14 moles of ethylene oxide, as described in Example 1, were sprayed onto the basic detergent of Example 1.
• the tallow fatty alcohol in all three examples consisted of 60 to 67 wt .-% fatty alcohol with 18 carbon atoms, 25 up to 35% by weight of fatty alcohol with 16 carbon atoms and up to 4 to 7% by weight of fatty alcohol with 14 carbon atoms.
• washing tests were carried out in a 4 kg dry laundry household washing machine. Normally soiled household laundry and test fabrics with test soiling were used. The water hardness was 9 ° dH, the dosage in the two-eye washing process in the pre-wash and main wash was 80 g each.
• the whiteness (reflectance in%) of the washed test fabric was determined using an Elrephomat DFC 5 (Zeiss company) with a FL 46 filter and statistically evaluated. The following results were obtained:

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (8)

Citations (1)

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• 1984
  • 1984-06-06 AT AT185984A patent/AT384435B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1985
  • 1985-05-30 EP EP19850106659 patent/EP0164072B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1985-05-30 DE DE8585106659T patent/DE3585375D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1985-06-05 ES ES543944A patent/ES8604297A1/es not_active Expired

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