EP0163943B1 - Interrupteur à gaz comprimé - Google Patents

Interrupteur à gaz comprimé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0163943B1
EP0163943B1 EP85105322A EP85105322A EP0163943B1 EP 0163943 B1 EP0163943 B1 EP 0163943B1 EP 85105322 A EP85105322 A EP 85105322A EP 85105322 A EP85105322 A EP 85105322A EP 0163943 B1 EP0163943 B1 EP 0163943B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot space
gas
blast switch
duct
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85105322A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0163943A3 (en
EP0163943A2 (fr
Inventor
Ekkehard Dr. Schade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0163943A2 publication Critical patent/EP0163943A2/fr
Publication of EP0163943A3 publication Critical patent/EP0163943A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0163943B1 publication Critical patent/EP0163943B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a compressed gas switch according to the first parts of independent claims 1 and 3.
  • the invention relates to a prior art of gas pressure switches, as is known from EP-A-0 033 355, for example, in FIG. 1.
  • the known switch when the switching arc is switched off, the quenching gas heated is guided via a comparatively narrow annular gap, which extends radially to the switching element axis, into a relatively small arc space which coaxially surrounds the switching elements.
  • a pressure can build up in this space, which causes an extinguishing gas flow into a blow-out space that is sufficient to extinguish the switching arc occurring at low currents.
  • this switch In order to extinguish the switching arc occurring in the case of high currents, this switch, however, still requires additional pressure storage spaces connected to the arc space via valves.
  • FIG. 4 of US-A-4 139 752 Another gas pressure switch with heating volume is described in Fig. 4 of US-A-4 139 752.
  • This switch stores the extinguishing gas heated by the switching arc in a toroidal heating volume coaxially surrounding the switching pieces and blows the switching arc radially when the heating effect of the switching arc decreases when the current to be switched off approaches a zero crossing.
  • a cooling device is provided in the ring channel. This cooling device lowers the temperature of the quenching gas used to blow the switching arc when it flows through the ring channel.
  • a cooling device is relatively complex and complicates both the flow of the extinguishing gas into the heating volume during the high-current phase and the flow of the extinguishing gas when the current to be switched off approaches a zero crossing from the heating volume.
  • the invention solves the problem of specifying a gas pressure switch which is simple in construction and in which, despite the simple construction, the quenching gas provided for blowing the switching arc is available at gas temperatures, which is very considerable below the temperature of the heated extinguishing gas.
  • the two pressure gas switches according to the invention are characterized by a high extinguishing capacity with a simple structure. This is due to the fact that the extinguishing gas heated during the switching process generates a circulation flow through which the heated extinguishing gas and the cool extinguishing gas located in the heating volume are mixed very quickly.
  • a housing filled with an extinguishing gas such as sulfur hexafluoride at a pressure of a few bar
  • an extinguishing gas such as sulfur hexafluoride at a pressure of a few bar
  • this housing there is a fixed contact piece 2, a movable contact piece 3 and an insulating body 4.
  • a heating volume 5 surrounding the contact pieces 2 and 3 is recessed, into which a ring channel 6 opens.
  • the annular channel 6 connects the heating volume 5 to an arc extinguishing zone 8 which is formed when the switching elements 2 and 3 separate and which receive a switching arc 7.
  • the heating volume 5 has an axial extent L and a radial depth D and is made up of two coaxially and two radially stretched walls limited.
  • the annular channel 6 has a width B that is small compared to the axial longitudinal extent L and radial depth D of the heating volume 5. Its outflow area is greater than or at most equal to the sum of the outflow areas of an insulating body 4 provided and closed by the movable switching element 3 in the switched-on state and a nozzle-shaped opening provided in the stationary switching element 2.
  • the heating volume 5 is preferably dimensioned such that its axial longitudinal extent and radial depth, measured from the confluence of the annular channel 6 and the heating volume 5, are approximately the same size.
  • the annular channel 6 runs almost exclusively in the radial direction through the inner of the two coaxially arranged boundary walls of the heating volume 5 and opens approximately the same distance from the two radially extending boundary walls of the heating volume 5.
  • the distances L 1 between the mouth of the annular channel 6 and the upper and lower radially extending boundary wall of the heating volume 5 correspond approximately to the radial depth D of the heating volume 5.
  • the switching piece 3 designed as a solid cylinder moved down.
  • the switching arc 7 is formed between the switching elements 2 and 3.
  • the switching arc heats up the extinguishing gas located in the arc extinguishing zone 8 in the high current phase, as a result of which its pressure increases.
  • the heated extinguishing gas of high pressure flows predominantly through the ring channel 6 into the heating volume 5.
  • a circulation flow represented by arrows is generated in the heating volume 5, which initially develops predominantly in the radial direction, and then after division on the outer coaxially formed boundary wall in the to move the upper and lower part of the heating volume.
  • the mixed extinguishing gas in the heating volume 5 flows via the ring channel 6 back into the arc extinguishing zone 8, where it blows the switching arc 7, and then via the switching element 2 designed as a nozzle tube and an opening provided in the insulating body 4 and released by the moving switching element 3 gets into an expansion room.
  • the ring channel 6 opens tangentially to the inner of the two coaxially extending boundary walls of the heating volume 5.
  • a jet of heated extinguishing gas entering the heating volume 5 is guided in the axial direction along the boundary wall (right part of FIG. 2 ), whereby a circulation flow promoting the mixing of heated and fresh extinguishing gas is generated.
  • annular channel 6 of the pressure gas switch according to FIG. 2 has an orifice part 9 which extends along the inner of the coaxial boundary walls of the heating volume 5 and a constriction 10.
  • a further improvement in the mixing is also achieved in that the heating volume 5 of the compressed gas switch according to FIG. 2 communicates with a further volume 12 via a connecting channel 11.
  • the connection channel 11 ends in the vicinity of the mouth of the ring channel 6 and is arranged parallel to the ring channel 6.
  • the flow cross section of the connecting channel 11 and the size of the volume 12 are selected such that when the pressure in the volume 5 increases, the pressure in the volume 12 lags behind by a substantial amount relative to the pressure in the volume 5. This ensures that when the current zero crossing is approached, a jet of comparatively fresh extinguishing gas emerges from the volume 12, which jet is additionally admixed with the premixed extinguishing gas flowing out of the heating volume 5.
  • the same selection criteria are preferably used for the confluence of the connecting channel 11 in the volume 12 and the shape of the volume 12 as for the heating volume 5, in order to achieve the best possible mixing of the heated and fresh extinguishing gas in the volume 12.
  • a device for compressing extinguishing gas is additionally provided.
  • This device has a cylinder 13 connected to the movable switching element 3 and a piston 14 which is stationary and axially displaceable in the cylinder 13 in a sealing manner.
  • the extinguishing gas located in the cylinder 13 above the piston 14 is compressed and fed into the heating volume 5 via a feed channel 15.
  • the channel 15 opens tangentially to a radially extending boundary surface of the heating volume 5.
  • a check valve 16 is also provided in channel 13.
  • the channel 15 can also open out on an axially extending boundary wall of the heating volume. It is particularly important when guiding the channel 15 that the extinguishing gas flowing out of the channel 15 during a switching operation has the same direction as the extinguishing gas flowing in from the ring channel 6 tangential to a further boundary wall of the heating volume 5 and circulating in the heating volume 5.
  • the movable contact piece 3 is hollow and forms a contact piece overlap with a contact surface 17 with the contact piece 2 in the switched-on state (left part of FIG. 3).
  • a constriction is located in the contact piece downstream of the contact area 17 in the axial direction 18 with an opening 19, the cross section of which is smaller than the cross section of the opening of the switching element 3 enclosed by the contact surface 17.
  • the constriction 18 closes a volume 20 which is delimited by the upstream part of the switching element 3 and which supports the heating power of the switching arc 7 when switching off and causes an increase in pressure in the heating volume 5.
  • the cross section of the opening 19 is preferably dimensioned such that the quenching gas exits from the volume 20 somewhat faster into the downstream part of the switching element 3 when the current passes zero the extinguishing gas from the heating volume 5 when the switching path is open.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé avec deux pièces de contact (2, 3) de forme cylindrique, mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre le long de l'axe du cylindre, et avec un volume d'échauffement (5) entourant coaxialement les pièces de contact (2, 3) pour y loger un gaz de soufflage, qui lors d'une opération de coupure est échauffé par un arc électrique de coupure jaillissant entre les deux pièces de contact (2, 3) et dans la phase d'échauffement est guidé dans le volume d'échauffement (5) par un canal annulaire (6) orienté essentiellement en direction radiale et présentant une largeur (B) petite comparée à la longueur axiale (L) et à la profondeur radiale (D) du volume d'échauffement (5), caractérisé en ce que la longueur axiale (L) et la profondeur radiale (D) du volume d'échauffement (5), chacune comptée à partir de l'embouchure du canal annulaire (6) dans le volume d'échauffement (5), sont approximativement égales (Fig. 1).
2. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) débouche dans le volume d'échauffement (5) à une distance sensiblement égale des' parois de limitation du volume d'échauffement (5) disposées sensiblement radialement.
3. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé avec deux pièces de contact (2, 3) de forme cylindrique, mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre le long de l'axe du cylindre, et avec un volume d'échauffement (5) entourant coaxialement les pièces de contact (2, 3) pour y loger un gaz de soufflage qui lors d'une opération de coupure est échauffé par un arc électrique de coupure jaillissant entre les deux pièces de contact (2, 3) et dans la phase d'échauffement est guidé dans le volume d'échauffement (5) par un canal annulaire (6) présentant une largeur (B) petite comparée à la longueur axiale (L) et à la profondeur radiale (D) du volume d'échauffement (5), caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) pénètre tangentiellement à une paroi de limitation du volume d'échauffement (5), et en ce que la longueur axiale (L) et la profondeur radiale (D) du volume d'échauffement (5), chacune comptée à partir de l'embouchure du canal annulaire (6) dans le volume d'échauffement (5), sont approximativement égales (Fig. 2, Fig. 3).
4. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) débouche tangentiellement à une paroi de limitation du volume d'échauffement (5) s'étendant essentiellement en direction axiale.
5. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) présente une embouchure (9) annulaire s'étendant dans le volume d'échauffement (5).
6. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) présente un étranglement (10) dans la région de l'embouchure (9).
7. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le volume d'échauffement (5) est relié à un autre volume (12) par un canal de liaison (11).
8. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) et le canal de liaison (11) sont parallèles l'un à l'autre et présentent des embouchures dans le volume d'échauffement (5) disposées à proximité l'une de l'autre.
9. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 3 avec un dispositif (cylindre 13, piston 14) de production de gaz de soufflage comprimé qui est raccordé au volume d'échauffement (5) par un canal de transfert (15), caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (6) et le canal de transfert (15) débouchent tangentiellement à au moins une paroi de limitation du volume d'échauffement (5) de telle manière que le gaz de soufflage qui sort des deux canaux (6, 15) lors d'une opération de commutation circule dans le même sens dans le volume d'échauffement (5).
10. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un clapet de non retour (16) dans le canal de transfert (15).
11. Interrupteur à gaz comprimé suivant la revendication 1 avec au moins une pièce de contact creuse (3), caractérisé en ce qu'à l'intérieur de la pièce de contact creuse (3) il est prévu un étranglement (18) qui est disposé avec un décalage en direction axiale par rapport à la surface de contact (17) des pièces de contact (2, 3) en position d'enclenchement et qui présente une section de passage plus petite que l'ouverture de la pièce de contact creuse (3) qui est entourée par la surface de contact (17).
EP85105322A 1984-06-07 1985-05-02 Interrupteur à gaz comprimé Expired EP0163943B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2772/84 1984-06-07
CH277284 1984-06-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0163943A2 EP0163943A2 (fr) 1985-12-11
EP0163943A3 EP0163943A3 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0163943B1 true EP0163943B1 (fr) 1989-08-09

Family

ID=4241262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85105322A Expired EP0163943B1 (fr) 1984-06-07 1985-05-02 Interrupteur à gaz comprimé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4652709A (fr)
EP (1) EP0163943B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07105184B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3425633A1 (fr)
ES (2) ES296664Y (fr)
IN (1) IN164798B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19641550A1 (de) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Asea Brown Boveri Leistungsschalter
EP1780741A1 (fr) 2005-11-01 2007-05-02 ABB Technology Ltd Switching chamber of a high voltage schwitch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3880190D1 (de) * 1987-05-13 1993-05-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Druckgasschalter.
JPH02239291A (ja) * 1989-03-13 1990-09-21 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 文節音声認識装置
DE4140776A1 (de) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-09 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De Metallgekapselte gasisolierte schaltanlage mit einem kabelanschlussgehaeuse
DE19627098A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-08 Asea Brown Boveri Leistungsschalter
DE19629475A1 (de) * 1996-07-10 1998-01-15 Siemens Ag Druckgasleistungsschalter
FR3030106B1 (fr) * 2014-12-11 2017-01-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Dispositif de coupure electrique haute tension a autosoufflage optimise

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE647726C (de) * 1932-11-18 1937-07-10 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Einrichtung fuer die Loeschung von Wechselstromlichtboegen
DE671502C (de) * 1935-05-12 1939-02-08 Studiengesellschaft Fuer Hochl Druckgasschalter mit druckabhaengiger Kammerentlastung
DE1127442B (de) * 1959-06-10 1962-04-12 Siemens Ag Elektrischer Fluessigkeitsschalter
DE1127443B (de) * 1959-12-12 1962-04-12 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Querstroemungsloeschkammer fuer elektrische Fluessigkeitsleistungsschalter
SE336160B (fr) * 1967-12-29 1971-06-28 Asea Ab
JPS524067A (en) * 1975-05-30 1977-01-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Gas breaker
FR2373141A1 (fr) * 1976-12-06 1978-06-30 Cem Comp Electro Mec Appareil electrique de coupure a haute tension, notamment un disjoncteur a autosoufflage de l'arc de coupure par un gaz
CH632609A5 (de) * 1977-03-24 1982-10-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Stromunterbrecher mit lichtbogenloeschendem gas.
DE2811508C2 (de) * 1977-03-24 1983-06-16 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo Elektrischer Druckgasschalter
JPS5438569A (en) * 1977-08-31 1979-03-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Switch
JPS55128221A (en) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Switch
CH649416A5 (de) * 1980-01-25 1985-05-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Druckgasschalter.
FR2520928A1 (fr) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-05 Alsthom Atlantique Disjoncteur a auto-soufflage pneumatique
JPS60167225A (ja) * 1984-02-10 1985-08-30 株式会社日立製作所 ガス遮断器

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19641550A1 (de) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Asea Brown Boveri Leistungsschalter
EP1780741A1 (fr) 2005-11-01 2007-05-02 ABB Technology Ltd Switching chamber of a high voltage schwitch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas
EP1780741B2 (fr) † 2005-11-01 2013-03-06 ABB Technology Ltd Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES297077Y (es) 1989-07-16
JPH07105184B2 (ja) 1995-11-13
ES296664U (es) 1988-01-01
EP0163943A3 (en) 1986-12-30
JPS614119A (ja) 1986-01-10
IN164798B (fr) 1989-06-03
US4652709A (en) 1987-03-24
ES296664Y (es) 1989-08-16
ES297077U (es) 1989-01-01
DE3572250D1 (en) 1989-09-14
DE3425633A1 (de) 1985-12-12
EP0163943A2 (fr) 1985-12-11

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