EP1780741B2 - Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas - Google Patents

Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1780741B2
EP1780741B2 EP05405616A EP05405616A EP1780741B2 EP 1780741 B2 EP1780741 B2 EP 1780741B2 EP 05405616 A EP05405616 A EP 05405616A EP 05405616 A EP05405616 A EP 05405616A EP 1780741 B2 EP1780741 B2 EP 1780741B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
switching
heating
volume
heating volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP05405616A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1780741B1 (fr
EP1780741A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Kriegel
Xiangyang Ye
Martin Seeger
Andreas Dahlquist
Mattias Lundborg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
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Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP05405616A priority Critical patent/EP1780741B2/fr
Priority to DE502005006389T priority patent/DE502005006389D1/de
Priority to AT05405616T priority patent/ATE419637T1/de
Publication of EP1780741A1 publication Critical patent/EP1780741A1/fr
Publication of EP1780741B1 publication Critical patent/EP1780741B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a switch with such a switching chamber.
  • two switching pieces movable relative to one another along an axis limit an arc zone in the axial direction.
  • a switching arc formed hot compressed gas is passed from the arc zone via a heating channel in a coaxial switching parts comprehensive heating volume.
  • the supplied hot compressed gas is mixed with already existing cold gas and performed at approach of the current to be disconnected to a zero crossing as quenching gas for blowing the switching arc in the arc zone.
  • the breaking capacity of this switching chamber resp. a equipped with this switching chamber high-voltage switch depends on the pressure and the temperature of the extinguishing gas. Pressure and temperature are determined by the shape and volume of the heating volume. While the volume only influences the pressure build-up, the shape of the heating volume significantly influences the gas mixing and thus also the extinguishing temperature.
  • a switching chamber of the type mentioned is described in EP 1 372 172 A1 ,
  • This switching chamber has two along an axis relatively movable switching pieces, which limit a switching path axially during a switching operation.
  • the switching path is connected via a channel 7, 15 with a coaxial with the switching pieces gas storage space 9.
  • an axially aligned partition 10 is present, the two coaxially arranged subspaces 13, 14 of the gas storage space 9 separates from each other.
  • An adjoining the channel 7, 15 and acting as an extension of this channel subspace 13 serves as Einströmteilraum, whereas a partial space 14 surrounding the subspace 13 serves as Ausströmteilraum.
  • the intermediate wall 10 ends above a floor 25 of the gas storage space 9 with a circumferential, slot-shaped opening 12, which connects the two subspaces 13, 14 with each other.
  • the intermediate wall 10 therefore acts as a projecting into the gas storage space 9 tube, which limits two axially successive partial volumes of the gas storage space 9, of which a first axially bounded by the wall 25 and the free end of the tube and the second is formed by the discharge part space 14.
  • Bein approximation to a zero crossing of the current to be disconnected is then generated by mixing with existing in the gas storage chamber 9 already cool quenching gas and by heat to the partition cool quenching gas, which flows through the openings 9, 11 and 12 and the channel 7, 15 in the switching path and there blown the switching arc.
  • the heating channel is formed at the confluence with the heating volume as an annular gap and the annular gap is arranged in a radially oriented transverse wall of the heating volume.
  • the outside of the annular gap is formed by an edge formed as a ring.
  • FIG. 5 Another switching chamber of a high voltage switch is in EP 0 163 943 B1 , in particular embodiment according to Fig.2 shown.
  • This switching chamber is designed axially symmetrical and has a designed in the manner of a torus heating volume 5.
  • the heating volume 5 is connected by an axially guided annular channel 6 with a limited when switching off a current of two switching pieces 2, 3 arc zone 8.
  • Through the channel 6 in the heating volume 5 passing hot compressed gas is mixed with cold gas, which is already present in the heating volume 5. It is such a good quality extinguishing gas available, which flows when approaching the current to be disconnected at a zero crossing via the annular channel 6 in the arc zone 8 and the arc burning in this zone 7 can effectively blow.
  • a tubular mouth part 9 projecting into the heating volume 5 and a constriction 10 formed in the inside of the mouth part 9 are provided.
  • a switching chamber for a high voltage circuit breaker with a compression device and a heating volume is in DE 199 10 166 A1 described.
  • This switching chamber also has a heating volume into which the heating channel enters with a mouth part projecting into the heating volume. This mouth part widens conically outward and, in contrast to the aforementioned prior art, increases the flow cross-section in the mouth region of the heating channel.
  • the object is to provide a switching chamber of the type mentioned, are effectively mixed in the cold gas and a hot gas generated at shutdown to form a high quality extinguishing gas with simple means and so a good Switching power of the switching chamber and a switch equipped with this switching chamber is ensured.
  • a trained as a ring, sharp edge is formed in the free end of the pipe at the transition from the heating channel to the heating volume, the sharpness is sufficient to turn off medium short-circuit currents with a between about 10 and about 30% of the nominal short-circuit cut-off current of the high-voltage switch size gas vortex dissolve from the hot gas flow, and to mix after flow reversal premixed and pre-cooled gas from the first sub-volume at the edge and cool gas from the second sub-volume with each other, the edge has a radius of curvature smaller 1 mm. This edge acts as a trailing edge of a flow body. Therefore, even with a relatively weak, i.
  • Hot gas flow generated by a low power arc promotes cracking of the hot gas flow at the edge, thereby promoting the formation of vortices downstream of the edge.
  • Inflowing hot gas and at least a portion of already existing cold gas are so effectively premixed in the first part volume.
  • Still existing unmixed cold gas remains in the second sub-volume and is well mixed when approaching the zero crossing of the current to be turned after the flow reversal at the edge with the pre-mixed in the first sub-volume and pre-cooled gas and passed as high-quality extinguishing gas through the heating channel in the arc zone.
  • the radius of curvature of the edge is less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm.
  • this sub-volume can be geometrically formed so that it has the most favorable for a good mixing dimensions.
  • the geometrical dimensions can now be selected in a manner known per se so that the ratio of the length of the torus in the axial direction to the square root of the cross-sectional area of the mixing volume perpendicular to the axis is approximately 0.5 is.
  • a switching chamber of a high voltage circuit breaker contains a filled with a compressed insulating gas, such as based on sulfur hexafluoride or a sulfur hexafluoride, filled and largely axially symmetric designed housing 1 and a received from the switching chamber housing 1 and also largely axially symmetrical contact arrangement designed the contact assembly shown during a shutdown has two switching pieces 3, 4, of which the switching piece 3 arranged along an axis 5 movable and the switching piece 4 is held stationary in the housing 1.
  • the switching piece 4 does not necessarily have to be fixed, it may also be designed to be movable.
  • the two switching pieces are coaxially covered by an insulating nozzle 6 and a heating volume 7 for storing pressurized gas.
  • the heating volume is designed in the manner of a torus with a rectangular cross section in the circumferential direction. This torus has a perpendicular to the axis 5, annular cross-sectional area of size A and extends in the axial direction over a length 1.
  • the heating volume 7 can generally accommodate about 1 to 2 liters of compressed gas.
  • the right end of the contact piece 4 is inserted in an electrically conductive manner in the left end of the tubular contact piece 3.
  • the two switching pieces 3, 4 separate from each other and this forms a footing on the two ends of the switching pieces arc 8
  • the - like Fig.1 is removable - burns in an arc zone 9.
  • the arc zone is bounded axially by the two contact pieces 3, 4 and radially by the insulating nozzle 6.
  • the arc zone 9 communicates with a heating channel 10 which opens into the heating volume 7 coaxially with the arc zone 9 coaxially extending, parallel to the axis 5 extending portion 11.
  • the pressure in the arc zone 9 is generally greater than in the heating volume 7.
  • the heating channel 10 then leads from the arc 8 formed hot gas in the heating volume 7. Leaves the heating effect of the arc 8 as it approaches the zero crossing of the current , so there is a flow reversal. Gas stored in the heating volume 7 flows as quenching gas via the heating channel 10 into the arc zone 9 and there blows the arc 8 at least until it is extinguished in the current zero crossing.
  • extinguishing gas delivered by the heating volume 7 can be fed into the arc zone 9 with a blowing aid, for example a piston-cylinder compression device 13 actuated by the switch drive.
  • a blowing aid for example a piston-cylinder compression device 13 actuated by the switch drive.
  • Small currents are up to about 10% of the rated short-circuit breaking current of the high-voltage circuit breaker and are generally in the range of a few kA, for example 4 to 6 kA.
  • the quality of the extinguishing gas stored in the heating volume 7 for arc blowing and thus also the breaking capacity of the switch chamber depend on the pressure and the temperature of the extinguishing gas. Pressure and temperature are determined by the shape and the volume V of the heating volume 7. While the size of the heating volume 7 only affects the pressure build-up, the shape of the heating volume influences the gas mixing and thus the extinguishing temperature. However, the quality of the extinguishing gas also depends substantially on the flow behavior of the hot gas on the way from the arc zone 9 into the heating volume 7.
  • An extinguishing gas with good extinguishing properties is achieved in that the axially parallel aligned mouth portion 11 at the transition from the heating channel 10 to the heating volume 7 outside of a trained as a ring, sharp edge 12 is limited.
  • This edge was formed during machining of the switching chamber by machining the Isolierdüse 6. It has a radius of curvature of about 0.1 mm and acts as a trailing edge of a flow body formed by the insulating nozzle 6 in the case of a weak flow directed into the heating volume 7 by the arc zone 9.
  • the edge 12 shows even with a radius of curvature of about 1 mm nor the function of a trailing edge, but this function is all the more effective the lower the radius of curvature, respectively. the sharper the edge 12 is.
  • the material of the edge in general an insulating material, in particular PTFE, the size of the radius of curvature is limited downwards.
  • FIG.2 (a) form a hot gas flow H that enters far into the heating volume 7. Since the edge 12 is made sharp, it acts as a trailing edge of a flowing flow of hot gas flow body. Even with relatively sluggish hot gas flows, which are generated by low-power arcs, therefore, a stall at the edge 12 and thus the formation of vortices downstream of the edge 12 are favored.
  • the flow H is directed radially outwards on a radially oriented rear boundary wall 14 of the heating volume 7.
  • Inflowing hot gas H and a part of already existing cold gas are already premixed.
  • Unmixed cold gas C remains in an adjacent to a radially oriented front boundary wall 15 and in the radial direction of the sharply formed edge 12 subsequent input area of the heating volume 7. If the current reversal occurs when approaching the current zero crossing, it results from Fig.2 apparent flow path (b).
  • a particularly good mixing of cold and hot gas is achieved only after the flow reversal according to FIG. 2 (b).
  • Good mixing of the supplied hot gas H and the present in the heating volume 7 cold gas C before the flow reversal is achieved when switching off a mean short-circuit current at least one to two, but generally up to three half-waves act (arc time of typically 15 to 30 ms) or when the short-circuit current has at least approximately 60% of the rated short-circuit breaking current, the arc burning time is only 0.5 to 1.5 half-waves (5 to 15 ms).
  • the contact assembly 2 is shown closed, so that the arc and the arc zone of this figure are not apparent.
  • the mouth portion 11 is bounded to the outside by a tube 16 protruding into the heating volume 7.
  • This tube projects beyond the predominantly radially guided front wall 15 of the heating volume 7 with a free end. In this free end of the sharp edge 12 is formed.
  • the junction of the heating channel is moved in the axial direction to the right. The free end of the tube 16 therefore divides the heating volume in two successive partial volumes in the axial direction.
  • the partial volume V 1 is formed in the manner of a torus, which extends between the predominantly radially oriented rear wall 14 of the heating volume 7 and the free end of the tube 16 and has a predominantly rectangular cross-section in the circumferential direction.
  • the length of the subvolume V 1 is I 1
  • that of the subvolume V 2 is I 2 .
  • the ratio of length I 1 of the torus in the axial direction to the square root of the cross-sectional area A of the torus perpendicular to the axis 5 is about 0.5.
  • a particularly intensive mixing of cold C and hot gas H is achieved if, as can be seen from the course according to (b), the short-circuit current to be disconnected has a medium or large amplitude and over a longer arc time (typically 15 to 30 ms) or is effective over a 0.5 to 1.5 half-wave limited short arc time (typically 5 to 15 ms).
  • the required volume of the heating volume is specified by the prescribed for the switching chamber Abschalt medicinal, thus by advancing the mouth portion 11 into the heating volume 7 by means of the tube 16, the diameter of the heating volume. 7 and thus also kept the diameter of the switching chamber small and costs accordingly saved.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Chambre d'interruption pour un interrupteur haute tension isolé au gaz, avec deux pièces de contact (3, 4) mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre le long d'un axe (5), qui limitent axialement une zone d'arc électrique (9) lors d'une opération d'interruption, un volume de chauffage (7) entourant coaxialement les pièces de contact (3, 4), et un canal de chauffage (10) communiquant avec la zone d'arc électrique (9), qui débouche dans le volume de chauffage (7) avec une partie (11) orientée parallèlement à l'axe (5) et entourant coaxialement la zone d'arc électrique (9), dans laquelle la partie d'embouchure (11) est limitée vers l'extérieur par un tube (16) pénétrant dans le volume de chauffage (7), dont l'extrémité libre divise le volume de chauffage (7) en deux volumes partiels (V1, V2) se succédant en direction axiale, et dans laquelle un gaz chaud (H), formé dans la zone d'arc électrique (9) lors d'une opération d'interruption d'un courant à couper dans une phase de forte intensité, s'écoule dans le volume de chauffage (7) par le canal de chauffage (10) et, lorsque le courant s'approche d'un passage par zéro, un gaz d'extinction (L) circulant en sens inverse est conduit du volume de chauffage (7) à la zone d'arc électrique (9), caractérisée en ce que, dans l'extrémité libre du tube (16), à la transition entre le canal de chauffage (10) et le volume de chauffage (7), il se trouve une arête vive (12) façonnée en forme d'anneau, dont l'acuité suffit pour déclencher des tourbillons de gaz hors de l'écoulement de gaz chaud (H) lors de la coupure de courants de court-circuit moyens d'un niveau situé entre environ 10 et environ 30 % du courant nominal de coupure de court-circuit de l'interrupteur haute tension, et pour mélanger l'un à l'autre, après l'inversion de l'écoulement, un gaz prémélangé et prérefroidi (H') provenant du premier volume partiel (V1) au niveau de l'arête (12) et un gaz froid (C) provenant du deuxième volume partiel (V2), l'arête (12) présentant un rayon de courbure inférieur à 1 mm.
  2. Chambre d'interruption selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le rayon de courbure est inférieur à 0,1 mm.
  3. Chambre d'interruption selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le premier volume partiel (V1) est formé à la manière d'un tore et présente en direction périphérique une section transversale principalement rectangulaire.
  4. Chambre d'interruption selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre la longueur (l1) du tore en direction axiale et la racine carrée de la surface de la section transversale (A) du premier volume partiel (V1) perpendiculairement à l'axe (5) vaut environ 0,5.
  5. Chambre d'interruption selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième volume partiel (V2) présente un espace intérieur plus petit que le premier volume partiel (V1).
  6. Interrupteur haute tension comportant la chambre d'interruption selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5.
EP05405616A 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas Active EP1780741B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405616A EP1780741B2 (fr) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas
DE502005006389T DE502005006389D1 (de) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Schaltkammer eines Hochspannungsschalters mit einem Heizvolumen zur Aufnahme von Druckgas
AT05405616T ATE419637T1 (de) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Schaltkammer eines hochspannungsschalters mit einem heizvolumen zur aufnahme von druckgas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405616A EP1780741B2 (fr) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1780741A1 EP1780741A1 (fr) 2007-05-02
EP1780741B1 EP1780741B1 (fr) 2008-12-31
EP1780741B2 true EP1780741B2 (fr) 2013-03-06

Family

ID=36061419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05405616A Active EP1780741B2 (fr) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume for admission of pressure gas

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EP (1) EP1780741B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE419637T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005006389D1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0163943B1 (fr) † 1984-06-07 1989-08-09 BBC Brown Boveri AG Interrupteur à gaz comprimé
DE19902835A1 (de) † 1999-01-20 2000-08-17 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einer Isolierdüse
DE19910166A1 (de) † 1999-02-24 2000-09-21 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einer Kompressionseinrichtung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19629475A1 (de) * 1996-07-10 1998-01-15 Siemens Ag Druckgasleistungsschalter
DE19705095C1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-04-02 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Löschung des Schaltlichtbogens eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters sowie Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE10226044A1 (de) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-24 Alstom Druckgasschalter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0163943B1 (fr) † 1984-06-07 1989-08-09 BBC Brown Boveri AG Interrupteur à gaz comprimé
DE19902835A1 (de) † 1999-01-20 2000-08-17 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einer Isolierdüse
DE19910166A1 (de) † 1999-02-24 2000-09-21 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einer Kompressionseinrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
D. YOSHIDA, H. ITO, H. KOHYAMA, T. SAWADA, K. KAMEI, M. HIDAKA: "Evaluation of current Interrupting capability of SF6 gas blast circuit breakers", PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GAS DISCHARGE AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, 2 September 2002 (2002-09-02) - 6 September 2002 (2002-09-06), LIVERPOOL †
G. GAUDART, P. CHÉVRIER, V. GIRLANDO, A. LUBELLO: "New Circuit Breaker 245 KW 50 Hz and 60 Hz with a very low operating energy", 2ND EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON HV & MV SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT, 20 November 2003 (2003-11-20) - 21 November 2003 (2003-11-21), LYON, FRANCE †

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1780741B1 (fr) 2008-12-31
EP1780741A1 (fr) 2007-05-02
ATE419637T1 (de) 2009-01-15
DE502005006389D1 (de) 2009-02-12

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