Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0034—Fixed on a solid conventional detergent ingredient
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
  • B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
  • B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
  • B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
  • B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
  • B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons

Definitions

• silicone-containing foam damping agents regardless of whether they are added as a separate product or integrated into the detergent or mostly into the rinse aid, there is always the risk of "siliconizing" the wash ware with adverse effects on the wettability of the wash ware surfaces Can lead to malfunctions in use in household and large kitchens.
• the siliconization can lead to the fine shell pores sticking together, so that the egg content no longer receives oxygen and dies, which can be seen from a reduction in the hatching rate - the use of highly propoxylated and thus not only low-foaming, but also foam-suppressing surfactants , such as B.
• the adduct made of polyglycerol and 22 moles of propylene oxide with a molecular weight of about 2000 does not represent a usable solution to the problem, because such surfactants tend to interact with formulation components of the cleaning agents, in particular with caustic alkalis and chlorine carriers, which leads to discoloration of the products.
• the foam-suppressing effect of the additives decreases.
• foam dampers based on surfactants no longer meet the legal requirements of the "Ordinance on the Degradability of Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants in Detergents and Cleaning Agents.” Dated January 30, 1977, which has been binding for household dishwasher detergents since October 1, 1980 and for commercial dishwasher detergents on December 31, 1984.
• compositions to be used according to the invention thus consist of a paraffin wax which is solid at room temperature or preferably a paraffin wax mixture and a pyrogenic, hydrophobized silica.
• liquid defoaming compositions can either be physically dispersed in a liquid carrier material or mixed with a powdered carrier material.
• the liquid defoaming compositions can also be sprayed onto the actual powdery or granular detergent components in a known manner, these themselves serving as the carrier material. It is also possible to granulate the defoaming composition when granulating the entire components of the cleaning agent or parts thereof.
• the paraffin wax-containing liquid defoaming compositions also achieve a dust-binding and anti-caking effect with regard to the cleaning agents as such, which improves the handling of these products.
• the defoamers produced in solid form by mixing with carrier materials are also mixed in with the detergent components in a known manner.
• the constituents are dispersed in 60 to about 99, preferably 70-96 parts by weight of a carrier liquid which is preferably liquid, chain-branched primary alcohols, in particular Guerbet alcohols, or mineral oils or mixtures thereof.
• a carrier liquid which is preferably liquid, chain-branched primary alcohols, in particular Guerbet alcohols, or mineral oils or mixtures thereof.
• the proportion of hydrophobicized pyrogenic silica is about 0.05 to 25, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight and that of a paraffin wax or wax mixture which is solid at room temperature and has a solidification point in the range from 35 to 120 ° C. is 1 to 30, preferably 3 up to 25 parts by weight.
• the defoaming compositions to be used according to the invention can also consist of the paraffin wax or paraffin wax mixture which is solid at room temperature and the pyrogenic hydrophobized silica in combination with a powdery water-soluble carrier material.
• the amount distribution of the defoamer ingredients and the solid carrier material, which are combined by physical mixing, is the same as above in the liquid defoaming composition.
• the powdered water-soluble carrier material should be compatible with the aqueous system to be defoamed.
• the alkali salts of polymeric phosphates, borates, carbonates, silicates, sulfates or mixtures thereof are particularly suitable for this. Calcined sodium triphosphate is preferred. If you want to work phosphate-free, you can also use calcined or hydrated sodium sulfate.
• the pyrogenic hydrophobized silicas are well known in the art.
• the specific surface is 100 to 300 m 2 / g.
• the average primary particle size is between 5 m ⁇ and 50 m ⁇ .
• the hydrophobization is e.g. B. achieved by treatment with alkylchlorosilane and is described in US Patent 3,388,073.
• the solid paraffin wax or wax mixture has a solidification point in the range from approx. 35 to 120 ° C.
• the compounds falling under the collective name "paraffin wax” represent natural waxes of plants or animals which can be isolated from fossil materials such as lignite, peat and in particular petroleum, and synthetic waxes which can be prepared, for. B. by the Fischer-Tropsch process or by polymerizing ethylene or thermal degradation of high molecular weight polyethylene.
• paraffin waxes consist of long-chain. Hydrocarbons. These can be those with linear chains or iso- and ring paraffins with side chains without other functional groups. Paraffin waxes are generally complex mixtures without a sharp melting point. The solidification point (E.P.) is therefore measured to characterize them. This is the temperature range in which the wax changes from the liquid to the solid state by slow cooling.
• An important criterion for the usability of waxes according to the invention is their property of having a solidification point in the range from 35 to 120 ° C. This criterion and the easy technical accessibility make the natural and synthetic paraffin waxes and their mixtures appear particularly suitable.
• microcrystalline paraffin waxes which have a solidification point from 60 ° C. to 95 ° C., preferably from 62 ° C. to 90 ° C., are suitable as component (a).
• Such microcrystalline waxes are e.g. B. component of montan waxes or high-melting petroleum fractions (ceresin) and are characterized by a content of branched and cyclic paraffins.
• Their proportion of the foam regulating agents is preferably 30 to 55% by weight and in particular 40 to 50% by weight.
• Suitable component (b) are customary paraffin hydrocarbons which, in contrast to the aforementioned microcrystalline waxes, have a more or less pronounced crystallization behavior.
• the solidification point of these hydrocarbons which are generally referred to as hard paraffins, is between 40 ° C. and 60 ° C., preferably between 42 ° C. and 56 ° C.
• their proportion is 15 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight and in particular 25 to 45% by weight.
• the total amount of components (a) and (b) should be at least 50% by weight, preferably 65 to 85% by weight, in such mixtures which contain no further substances which inhibit foam.
• the component listed under (c) is present with 1 to 50% by weight, preferably with 5 to 25% by weight, and consists essentially of soft paraffin with a solidification point of 32 ° C. to 42 ° C., preferably one of 35 ° C to 40 ° C.
• Such paraffin fractions are e.g. B. commercially under the name Vaseline.
• the organic liquid used to disperse the defoaming compositions according to the invention is primarily chain-branched primary C 1S- C 30 alcohols, in particular the so-called Guerbet alcohols. They are simply branched iso alcohols, which are obtained from fatty alcohols by the Guerbet reaction. They can be represented by the following general formula:
• the two groups R may be the same or different and represent alkyl radicals having 4 to 16 carbon atoms.
• Guerbet alcohols with a total of 18 to 30 carbon atoms are preferred in the composition according to the invention.
• the Guerbet alcohols used can be uniform compounds or mixtures; Products that are liquid at room temperature are preferred.
• chain-branched primary alcohols for example products of corresponding chain length accessible by oxosynthesis, can also be used.
• High defoamer effectiveness and simple and cheap access to raw materials are criteria that are optimal in connection with Guerbet alcohols.
• Aliphatic hydrocarbons in particular mineral oils, which are liquid at room temperature can also be present in the formulations.
• Mineral oil is the collective name for the liquid distillation products obtained from mineral raw materials (petroleum, peat, etc.), which essentially consist of mixtures of saturated hydrocarbons. In living organisms, however, the oils consist of mixed glycerol esters of fatty acids. These oils of vegetarian origin can also be used.
• the order of mixing the components is irrelevant. However, it is advisable to add the carrier liquid, then add the melted paraffin waxes and immediately afterwards the hydrophobicized fumed silica.
• the stirring can take place at any stirring speed, but a paddle stirrer with normal stirring speeds is preferred.
• the liquid defoaming compositions according to the invention were obtained by homogenizing the individual constituents using a paddle stirrer in the specified carrier liquids. In order to ensure thorough mixing of the paraffinic waxes and the mineral oil component which are solid at room temperature, the homogenization had to be carried out at temperatures which were above the melting point of the wax or wax mixture used.
• the preparation of the solid defoaming compositions was carried out in a laboratory kneader with a heated work bowl and a capacity of 0.75 l (from Janke & Kunkel, Staufen / Breisgau, Germany), the calcined sodium triphosphate with a bulk density of 0.4-0.5 kg / l (Thermphos L, from Hoechst AG) was introduced and opened 50 - 90 ° C heated. The specified amount of the mixture of the hydrophobized silica and the paraffin or paraffin mixture liquefied by heating to 90 ° C. was then added. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature with further mixing.
• the defoaming compositions were mixed into the cleaning agents regardless of their condition in amounts of 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 2.5% by weight.
• 34 l were circulated at a temperature of 65 ° C. with a circulation of 160 to 180 l / min. Then, together with 100 ml of cold water at about 15 ° C., 76 g of whole egg and 38 g of detergent with / without defoaming compositions were added and the mixture was heated to 65 ° C. with circulation. After reaching this temperature (which took about 25 minutes), the height of the remaining foam was read off on a scale after the machine had come to a standstill. The foam height (blank value) - 76 g whole egg with 38 g cleaning agent without defoaming composition - was 240 mm.
• the pressure recorder result showed that the brief foaming of the washing liquor at low temperature was suppressed by the defoaming composition and that the full pump pressure was maintained in the circulation system for almost the entire period of the cleaning cycle.
• a cleaning agent consisting of:
• a cleaning agent consisting of:
• a cleaning agent consisting of:
• a cleaning agent consisting of:
• a cleaning agent consisting of:
• a cleaning agent consisting of:
• the detergent compositions of the examples listed above are free of surfactants. However, small amounts of up to about 2, preferably up to about 1.5% by weight of alkali and active chlorine-resistant nonionic surfactants can also be present. The compositions are then considered to be "essentially surfactant-free".

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6224236

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (19)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1984
  • 1984-01-02 DE DE19843400003 patent/DE3400003A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1984-12-12 EP EP84115265A patent/EP0150387B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1984-12-12 AT AT84115265T patent/ATE37559T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-12-12 DE DE8484115265T patent/DE3474316D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1984-12-17 US US06/682,390 patent/US4599189A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1984-12-27 JP JP59274248A patent/JPS60156515A/ja active Granted

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events