EP0148217B1 - Sail rig - Google Patents

Sail rig Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0148217B1
EP0148217B1 EP84902436A EP84902436A EP0148217B1 EP 0148217 B1 EP0148217 B1 EP 0148217B1 EP 84902436 A EP84902436 A EP 84902436A EP 84902436 A EP84902436 A EP 84902436A EP 0148217 B1 EP0148217 B1 EP 0148217B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sail
mast
rig
leech
boom
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EP84902436A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0148217A1 (en
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Urs P. Meyer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT84902436T priority Critical patent/ATE31173T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
    • B63H8/24—Arrangements for connecting the rigging to a board
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
    • B63H8/21—Wishbones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/40—Arrangements for improving or maintaining the aerodynamic profile of sails, e.g. cambers, battens or foil profiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sailing rig with a mast for sailing vehicles, especially for sailing boards, which mast is unbalanced and rotatably and pivotably connected to the sailing vehicle.
  • masts with a large cross section have been chosen.
  • a thick mast on the leading edge of the sail has a very aerodynamically disadvantageous effect in that it not only slows down the air flow, but also sets it in turbulence, which in particular nullifies the negative pressure on the leeward side that is necessary for propulsion.
  • the air resistance increases by more than 50% and the lift decreases by approx. 20%. This means that the propulsive force is reduced.
  • the masts with a thinner cross section are chosen, which has the further disadvantage of mast deformation. The problem of this undesired mast deformation in strong winds is solved in larger sailing vehicles by a staging, but the staging itself again creates air resistance and turbulence.
  • US Pat. No. 4,369,724 shows how the disadvantages mentioned (increase in air resistance, turbulence, reduction in propulsive force due to mast and adjuster) can also be eliminated with a non-elastic mast with a thicker cross section.
  • the mast is housed within a wing sail made of two canvas so that it is not exposed to the wind.
  • the adjuster cables are both incorporated in the edge of the sail at the point where the two cloths are connected, and attached to the mast top.
  • the mast can be adjusted relative to the curved boom, one half of which is also housed within the wing-shaped sail. For this purpose the tension of the
  • Edge of the sail housed meeting cable can be changed.
  • the disadvantages particularly associated with the mast have been eliminated with a lot of effort and a complicated operation.
  • the wing-shaped sail When the wing-shaped sail is in the water, its interior fills with water through the recesses for the boom. The fully loaded sail can only be lifted out of the water and put into its use position with great effort. This process takes a particularly long time, since the sail has no special openings for the outflow of the penetrated water.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to enable the production of sail rigs with simple components, which generate even more propulsion and less air resistance with the same wind strength and sail area, which produce useful propulsion even at a smaller angle of attack and are simple and easy to use .
  • these rigs should be a bit more manageable, lighter and cheaper to manufacture.
  • the positioning of the flat, elastic mast through the surface of the sail in the area of the deepest profile curvature of the sail ensures that the luff does not need a disturbing mast.
  • the air flowing in from the front can sweep over the sail without being braked or swirled, creating a lot of effective propulsion. This is especially true for the front third of the leeward side of the sail, where, as is known, most of the propulsion takes place in laminar flow, and this even with a very flat angle of attack of z. B. 10 ° to 15 °.
  • the sail is arched not only horizontally but also vertically when rigging with sufficient pretension by leech chisels and clew horns under the influence of wind.
  • the elastic mast adapts to the vertical sail curvature and, together with the stretched, angled fore and aft leech, has a very profile-stabilizing effect.
  • the sail and the mast are concave towards the windward side. Luff and leech, both of which are braced on the large boom, have the effect of a built-in meeting.
  • the mast tip and the mast base are bent against windward. This "catches" the wind and it no longer breaks out in the sail top. It is not tragic that the mast that runs across the sail can possibly cause a small kink in the horizontal sail profile curvature, because on the leeward side of the sail the flow breaks off even with ideal profiling at the point of the largest curvature, while this is open the windward side under pressure has no effect at all.
  • the mast which is attached across the sail, prevents the lowest point of the arch of the sail from being able to move backwards under high wind pressure, which means that the sail pressure point hardly changes anymore, so that sailing is easier and more pleasant because you no longer need to sail as much. Trim and change the sail position in gusty winds.
  • the sail-rig version with the one-sided boom and the symmetrically cut sail can save at least 1 kg in weight.
  • FIGs 1, 2 and 3 a sailing rig for a sailing board is shown.
  • the sail 1 has an asymmetrical, generally rectangular outline shape, each with two acute angles on the sail top 6 and lower 7, as well as each . has two obtuse angles on the front and rear clew 8 of the luff and leech. All 4 sailing corners are reinforced.
  • the sail has eyelets 11 on the lower leg 7, which allow the sail 1 to be tensioned vertically.
  • a mast pocket 4 with an opening in the lower sail 7 is sewn to sail 1 diagonally from the sail top 6 to the lower sail through the sail area.
  • the mast pocket can also be welded or glued to the sail. This depends on the material used for the sail 1 and the mast pocket 4.
  • the elastic mast 2 which preferably has a flat cross section, is located in this mast pocket. whose longitudinal axis lying parallel to the sail is at least twice as large as the transverse axis lying transverse to the sail.
  • the front part of the boom 3 is attached to the clew of the angled, mastless luff. This extends to the clew in the angled leech and gives the sail the necessary horizontal tension. Because this drawing shows the sail rig of a sail board, an articulable and swiveling mast foot 10 with the usual rubber joint is shown at the bottom of mast 2.
  • Figure 2 shows a front view of the same rig. It can be seen how the mast bends concavely together with the sail towards the windward side, and that the angled luff from the front boom end to the mast tip and the lower part of the mast takes on a kind of adjunct function, which prevents the mast from bending and with it also the sail to the other side, d. H. convex towards the windward side. bends.
  • FIG 3 the cross section of the same rig is shown at boom height. You can see the forward and stern leech 8 and their connection to the boom 3. Furthermore, you can see the horizontal cross section of the sail profile 1, the barely generating drag pocket 4 and the elastic, slat-shaped mast contained therein.
  • This mast has a flat cross section, the longitudinal axis is at least twice as long as its transverse axis.
  • the mast of Figure 3 has a longitudinal axis which is four times longer than the transverse axis.
  • the ratio between the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis of its cross section can vary. This is especially true when the mast tapers towards the mast top.
  • This rig is suitable for conventional sailing, where the same luff is always directed against the wind.
  • the rig shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 differs from the above in that the sail has a symmetrical cut to the left and right of the mast 2, and that it is only provided on one side with a large boom rod 5.
  • This rig is especially suitable for quick jibs, because the rig no longer has to be turned. The sailor always stays on the same side of the sail. This also applies to the neck and turn maneuvers. The wind can blow on both sides of the licks. The windward side is always the side of the sail where the boom pole 5 is attached.
  • the mast pocket is preferably sewn on the windward side of the sail.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The sail rig is comprised of a quadrangular sail (1) through the sail area of which is arranged from the extremity of the mast (6) down to the foot rope (7) a mast liner (4) wherein an elastic mast (2) of flat cross section aera is inserted. The wishbone (3) or the boom (5) is connected at the front to the luff clew (8) at the rear to the aft leech clew (8). Owing to the convex form, the edge of the sail, i.e. the boltropes, imparts to the sail area delimited by the boltropes an increase tension. Thus, during the tensioning operation, the sail is filled not only horizontally but also vertically. In the case of wind pressure, a concave filling of the sail directed towards the wind occurs. The mast (2) connected to the sail (1) throughout the sail area by the mast liner (4) bends in the same direction as the sail (1). The U-bent luff and aft leech tension produces a triangulation effect of which the action is similar to a tacking, while preventing the masthead from deviating to the leeward side. The tension forces of the sail acting on the mast (2) from the front and from the back are balanced; the forces acting on the mast (2) are therefore low. It is thus possible to build a lighter and more elastic mast (2). The luff without mast offers only a minimum resistance to the air and enhances a laminar flow; as a result, a substantial increase of the advance power and a reduction of the transversal forces are obtained. Furthermore, said sail rig provides a more straight wind attack angle so that it is possible to sail with a higher sail. As the masthead bends when facing the wind due to the wind pressure, the air flow in the higher region of the sail can not be discontinued.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Segel-Rigg mit einem Mast für Segelfahrzeuge, insbesondere für Segelbretter, welcher Mast unverstagt sowie dreh- und schwenkbar mit dem Segelfahrzeug verbunden ist.The invention relates to a sailing rig with a mast for sailing vehicles, especially for sailing boards, which mast is unbalanced and rotatably and pivotably connected to the sailing vehicle.

Heutige Segelfahrzeuge sind praktisch immer mit dreieckigen Gross-Segeln ausgestattet, welche entlang dem Vorliek durch einen möglichst steifen Mast gehalten werden, und deren Schothorn mit dem Hinterende des am Mast befestigten Grossbaumes verbunden sind. Viele kleinere Segelfahrzeuge, wie O-Jolle, Laser und Segelbrett besitzen weder Vorsegel noch irgendwelche Mastverstagung. Bei diesen sogenannten « Kat »-Takelungen können die auf den Mast einwirkenden Kräfte hohe Werte erreichen. Schom beim Setzen des Segels ergibt sich durch die notwendige Vorspannung eine beträchtliche Verbiegung des Mastes, und bei starkem Winddruck erzeugt die Zugkraft des Segels eine erhöhte Mast-Deformation. Dies hat zur Folge, dass sich die Segelprofilierung ungünstig verändert, wobei die Vortriebskraft reduziert und die Seitenkraft erhöht wird. Um die unerwünschte Mast-Deformation in akzeptablen Grenzen zu halten, sind bekanntlich Maste mit grossen Querschnitt gewählt worden. Ein dicker Mast an der Segelvorderkante wirkt sich jedoch aerodynamisch sehr nachteilig aus, indem er nicht nur die Luftströmung stark abbremst, sondern diese auch in Turbulenz versetzt, welche besonders den für den Vortrieb notwendigen Unterdruck auf der Segel-Leeseite zunichte macht. Es ist bekannt, dass in einem solchen Fall der Luftwiderstand um mehr als 50 % ansteigt und der Auftrieb um ca. 20 % kleiner wird. Dies bedeutet, dass die Vortriebskraft reduziert wird. Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile werden bekanntlich die Maste mit einem dünneren Querschnitt gewählt, welches den weiteren Nachteil der Mast-Deformation mitbringt. Das Problem dieser unerwünschten Mast-Deformation bei starkem Wind wird bei grösseren Segelfahrzeugen durch eine Verstagung gelöst, wobei jedoch die Verstagung selbst wieder Luftwiderstand und Turbulenz erzeugt.Today's sailing vehicles are practically always equipped with triangular large sails, which are held along the luff by a mast that is as rigid as possible, and whose clew is connected to the rear end of the large boom attached to the mast. Many smaller sailing vehicles, such as o-dinghies, lasers and sailing boards have no headsail or any mast adjustment. With these so-called “Kat” rigging, the forces acting on the mast can reach high values. Even when the sail is set, the necessary pre-tensioning causes the mast to bend considerably, and with strong wind pressure, the pulling force of the sail creates an increased mast deformation. This has the consequence that the sail profile changes unfavorably, whereby the propulsive force is reduced and the lateral force is increased. In order to keep the undesired mast deformation within acceptable limits, masts with a large cross section have been chosen. A thick mast on the leading edge of the sail, however, has a very aerodynamically disadvantageous effect in that it not only slows down the air flow, but also sets it in turbulence, which in particular nullifies the negative pressure on the leeward side that is necessary for propulsion. In such a case, it is known that the air resistance increases by more than 50% and the lift decreases by approx. 20%. This means that the propulsive force is reduced. In order to avoid these disadvantages, it is known that the masts with a thinner cross section are chosen, which has the further disadvantage of mast deformation. The problem of this undesired mast deformation in strong winds is solved in larger sailing vehicles by a staging, but the staging itself again creates air resistance and turbulence.

Das US-Patent 4'369'724 (Weiss) zeigt wie die genannten Nachteile (Vergrösserung des Luftwiderstandes, Turbulenzen, Reduzierung der Vortriebskraft durch Mast und Verstagung) auch bei einem nicht elastischen Mast mit dickerem Querschnitt behoben werden können. Der Mast ist innerhalb eines aus zwei Segeltüchern bestehenden Tragflächensegels untergebracht, sodass er dem Wind nicht ausgesetzt ist. Die Verstagungskabel sind sowohl im Rand des Segels an der Stelle eingearbeitet, an welcher die beiden Tücher miteinander verbunden sind, als auch am Masttop befestigt. Der Mast kann je nach Segelverhältnissen relativ zum gebogenen Gabelbaum, dessen eine Hälfte ebenfalls innerhalb des tragflächenförmigen Segels untergebracht ist, verstellt werden. Zu diesem Zweck muss die Spannung der imUS Pat. No. 4,369,724 (Weiss) shows how the disadvantages mentioned (increase in air resistance, turbulence, reduction in propulsive force due to mast and adjuster) can also be eliminated with a non-elastic mast with a thicker cross section. The mast is housed within a wing sail made of two canvas so that it is not exposed to the wind. The adjuster cables are both incorporated in the edge of the sail at the point where the two cloths are connected, and attached to the mast top. Depending on the sailing conditions, the mast can be adjusted relative to the curved boom, one half of which is also housed within the wing-shaped sail. For this purpose the tension of the

Rand des Segels untergebrachten Verstagungskabel geändert werden. Bei dieser bekannten Ausführung sind mit viel Aufwand und einer komplizierten Bedienungsweise die besonders mit dem Mast zusammenhängenden Nachteile beseitigt worden. Wenn das tragflächenförmige Segel im Wasser liegt, so füllt sich sein Innenraum über die Ausnehmungen für den Gabelbaum mit Wasser. Das vollgelaufene Segel kann nur unter grösster Kraftanstrengung aus dem Wasser emporgehoben und in seine Gebrauchsposition gebracht werden. Dieser Vorgang dauert besonders lange, da das Segel keine besonderen Oeffnungen für das Ausfliessen des eingedrungenen Wassers aufweist.Edge of the sail housed meeting cable can be changed. In this known embodiment, the disadvantages particularly associated with the mast have been eliminated with a lot of effort and a complicated operation. When the wing-shaped sail is in the water, its interior fills with water through the recesses for the boom. The fully loaded sail can only be lifted out of the water and put into its use position with great effort. This process takes a particularly long time, since the sail has no special openings for the outflow of the penetrated water.

Bei konventionellen Segelbrett-Riggs stellt die Verbindung zwischen Gabelbaum und Mast eine enorme, punktförmige Belastung dar, was dadurch erwiesen ist, dass die meisten Mast-Brüche an dieser Stelle vorkommen. Um die grossen Hebelkräfte einigermassen schadlos verkraften zu können, benötigen die bekannten, unverstagten Masten nicht nur einen kräftigen Profil-Querschnitt sondern auch hochwertige Werkstoffe, wodurch sie aerodynamisch ineffizient, teuer und schwer werden.With conventional sailboard rigs, the connection between the boom and mast represents an enormous, punctiform load, which is proven by the fact that most mast breaks occur at this point. In order to be able to cope with the large leverage forces to some extent without damage, the well-known, unstained masts not only need a strong profile cross-section but also high-quality materials, which make them aerodynamically inefficient, expensive and heavy.

Zur Behebung dieses Nachteils ist in der nicht vorveröffentlichten EP-A-0094661 vorgeschlagen worden, einen Mast mit optimaler Biegesteifigkeit und Bruchfestigkeit an der Stelle der grössten Belastung und mit aerodynamisch günstigem Profil-Querschnitt vorzusehen. An dem Mast ist die Vorderkante des Segels befestigt. Infolge des aerodynamisch günstigen Profil-Querschnittes ergeben sich eine laminare Luftströmung und kleinere Turbulenzen an der Vorderkante des Segels, sodass der Vortrieb sich verbessert.In order to remedy this disadvantage, it has been proposed in EP-A-0094661, which has not been published beforehand, to provide a mast with optimum bending stiffness and breaking strength at the point of greatest load and with an aerodynamically favorable profile cross section. The front edge of the sail is attached to the mast. The aerodynamically favorable cross-section of the profile results in a laminar air flow and smaller turbulence at the front edge of the sail, so that propulsion improves.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, mit einfachen Bauteilen die Herstellung von Segel-Riggs zu ermöglichen, die bei gleicher Windstärke und Segelfläche noch mehr Vortrieb und weniger Luftwiderstand erzeugen, die schon bei kleinerem Anstellwinkel nützlichen Vortrieb produzieren sowie einfach und ohne Mühe zu bedienen sind. Dabei sollen diese Riggs noch etwas handlicher, leichter und kostengünstiger in der Herstellung sein.The invention is therefore based on the object to enable the production of sail rigs with simple components, which generate even more propulsion and less air resistance with the same wind strength and sail area, which produce useful propulsion even at a smaller angle of attack and are simple and easy to use . At the same time, these rigs should be a bit more manageable, lighter and cheaper to manufacture.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies durch die im Patentanspruch sowie in den Unteransprüchen erwähnten Merkmale erreicht.According to the invention, this is achieved by the features mentioned in the patent claim and in the subclaims.

Durch die Positionierung des flachen, elastischen Mastes durch die Fläche des Segels im Bereich der tiefsten Profilwölbung des Segels wird erreicht, dass das Vorliek ohne störenden Mast auskommt. Die von vorne anströmende Luft kann ungebremst und unverwirbelt über das Segel streichen, wobei viel wirksamer Vortrieb erzeugt wird. Dies gilt besonders für das vordere Drittel der Leeseite des Segels, wo bekanntlich bei laminarer Strömung der grösste Teil des Vortriebes erfolgt, und dies schon bei sehr flachem Anstellwinkel von z. B. 10° bis 15°. Durch den dreidimensional gewölbten Segelschnitt wird das Segel beim Aufriggen unter genügender Vorspannung durch Unterliek-Kausch und Schothörner unter Windeinfluss nicht nur horizontal, sondern auch vertikal gewölbt. Der elastische Mast passt sich der vertikalen Segelwölbung an und wirkt zusammen mit dem gespannten, abgewinkelten Vor- und Achterliek sehr profilstabilisierend. Das Segel und der Mast sind gegen die Luvseite hin konkav gebogen. Vor- und Achterliek, welche beide am Grossbaum verspannt sind, wirken sich aus wie eine eingebaute Verstagung.The positioning of the flat, elastic mast through the surface of the sail in the area of the deepest profile curvature of the sail ensures that the luff does not need a disturbing mast. The air flowing in from the front can sweep over the sail without being braked or swirled, creating a lot of effective propulsion. This is especially true for the front third of the leeward side of the sail, where, as is known, most of the propulsion takes place in laminar flow, and this even with a very flat angle of attack of z. B. 10 ° to 15 °. By the three-dimensionally arched sail cut, the sail is arched not only horizontally but also vertically when rigging with sufficient pretension by leech chisels and clew horns under the influence of wind. The elastic mast adapts to the vertical sail curvature and, together with the stretched, angled fore and aft leech, has a very profile-stabilizing effect. The sail and the mast are concave towards the windward side. Luff and leech, both of which are braced on the large boom, have the effect of a built-in meeting.

Die Mast-Spitze und der Mast-Fuss sind gegen Luv gebogen. Dadurch wird der Wind « gefangen», und er bricht nicht mehr aus im Segel-Top. Dass durch den quer durch das Segel geführten Mast möglicherweise ein kleiner Knick in der horizontalen Segel-Profilwölbung entstehen kann, ist nicht tragisch, denn auf der Segel-Leeseite reisst die Strömung auch bei idealer Profilierung beim Punkt der grössten Wölbung ' ab, währenddem dies auf der unter Ueberdruck stehenden Luv-Seite überhaupt keine Auswirkung hat. Hingegen verhindert der quer durch das Segel befestigte Mast, dass sich der tiefste Punkt der Segelwölbung unter hohem Winddruck nach hinten verschieben kann, womit sich der Segeldruckpunkt kaum mehr verändert, sodass das Segeln einfacher und angenehmer ist, weil man nicht mehr so viel den Segel-Trimm und die Segel-Stellung verändern muss bei böigen Winden. Bei der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung des elastischen, lattenförmigen Mastes quer durch das Segel, ohne Verbindung mit dem Grossbaum-Vorderteil, sind die auf das Segel und den Mast wirkenden Kräfte ganz anderer Natur. Das Segel und der Mast benötigen nicht nur weniger statische Vorspannung als ein konventionelles dreieckiges Rigg, sondern auch die dynamischen durch Winddruck induzierten Kräfte sind wesentlich geringer, weil sie von zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten auf den Mast einwirken und sich praktisch gegenseitig aufheben. Deshalb kann der Mast viel leichter ausgeführt sein. Eine hohe Flexibilität ist sogar erwünscht.The mast tip and the mast base are bent against windward. This "catches" the wind and it no longer breaks out in the sail top. It is not tragic that the mast that runs across the sail can possibly cause a small kink in the horizontal sail profile curvature, because on the leeward side of the sail the flow breaks off even with ideal profiling at the point of the largest curvature, while this is open the windward side under pressure has no effect at all. On the other hand, the mast, which is attached across the sail, prevents the lowest point of the arch of the sail from being able to move backwards under high wind pressure, which means that the sail pressure point hardly changes anymore, so that sailing is easier and more pleasant because you no longer need to sail as much. Trim and change the sail position in gusty winds. When he f indungsgemässen arrangement of the elastic, lath-shaped mast across the sail, without connection to the main boom front part, the forces acting on the sail and the mast forces are quite different in nature. Not only does the sail and mast require less static pretension than a conventional triangular rig, the dynamic forces induced by wind pressure are also significantly lower because they act on the mast from two opposite sides and practically cancel each other out. Therefore the mast can be made much lighter. A high degree of flexibility is even desirable.

Infolge der Tatsache, dass das Segel weniger Vorspannung benötigt und mit etwas kleinerer Segelfläche ebensoviel Vortrieb erzeugt, lässt sich auch hier etwas Gewicht einsparen. Bei der Segel-Rigg-Version mit dem einseitigen Grossbaum und dem symmetrisch geschnittenen Segel kann man mindestens 1 kg Gewicht einsparen.As a result of the fact that the sail requires less pretension and generates just as much propulsion with a somewhat smaller sail area, some weight can also be saved here. The sail-rig version with the one-sided boom and the symmetrically cut sail can save at least 1 kg in weight.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen, in denen 2 Ausführungsformen des Erfindungsgegenstandes rein beispielsweise dargestellt sind. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 das Segel-Rigg in asymmetrischem Schnitt mit Gabelbaum in der Ansicht von der Seite ;
  • Fig. 2 das Segel-Rigg gemäss Fig. 1 in der Ansicht von vorne :
  • Fig. 3 das Segel-Rigg gemäss Fig. 1 im Querschnitt auf Höhe des Gabelbaums ;
  • Fig. 4 das Segel-Rigg in symmetrischem Schnitt mit einseitigem Grossbaum in der Ansicht von der Seite ;
  • Fig. 5 das Segel-Rigg gemäss Fig. 4 in der Ansicht von vorne :
  • Fig. 6 das Segel-Rigg gemäss Fig. 4 im Querschnitt auf Höhe des Grossbaums.
Further details and advantages result from the following description and the drawings, in which 2 embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown purely by way of example. Show it :
  • Figure 1 shows the sailing rig in an asymmetrical section with boom in the view from the side.
  • 2 shows the sailing rig according to FIG. 1 in a view from the front:
  • 3 shows the sailing rig according to FIG. 1 in cross section at the height of the boom;
  • Figure 4 shows the sailing rig in a symmetrical section with one-sided large tree in the view from the side.
  • 5 shows the sailing rig according to FIG. 4 in a view from the front:
  • Fig. 6 shows the sailing rig according to Fig. 4 in cross section at the height of the large tree.

In Figuren 1, 2 und 3.ist ein Segel-Rigg für ein Segelbrett dargestellt. Das Segel 1 hat eine asymmetrische, grundsätzlich rechteckige UmrissForm, die je zwei spitze Winkel am Segel-Top 6 und Unterliek 7, sowie je.zwei stumpfe Winkel am vorderen und hinteren Schothorn 8 des Vorliek und Achterliek aufweist. Alle 4 Segelecken sind verstärkt. Am Unterliek 7 hat das Segel Oesen 11, die es erlauben, das Segel 1 vertikal zu spannen. Vom Segel-Top 6 zum Unterliek ist diagonal durch die Segelfläche eine Masttasche 4 mit Oeffnung im Unterliek 7 mit dem Segel 1 vernäht. Die Masttasche kann auch mit dem Segel verschweisst oder verklebt werden. Dies hängt von dem jeweils verwendeten Material des Segels 1 und der Masttasche 4 ab. In dieser Masttasche befindet sich der elastische Mast 2, welcher vorzugsweise einen flachen Querschnitt aufweist. dessen parallel zum Segel liegende Längsachse mindestens zweimal so gross wie die quer zum Segel liegende Querachse ist. Am Schothorn des abgewinkelten, mastlosen Vorlieks ist der vordere Teil des Gabelbaumes 3 befestigt. Dieser reicht bis zum Schothorn im abgewinkelten Achterliek und gibt dem Segel die notwendige, horizontale Spannung. Weil diese Zeichnung das Segel-Rigg eines Segelbrettes darstellt, ist unten am Mast 2 ein artikulierbarer und schwenkbarer Mastfuss 10 mit dem üblichen Gummigelenk dargestellt.In Figures 1, 2 and 3 . a sailing rig for a sailing board is shown. The sail 1 has an asymmetrical, generally rectangular outline shape, each with two acute angles on the sail top 6 and lower 7, as well as each . has two obtuse angles on the front and rear clew 8 of the luff and leech. All 4 sailing corners are reinforced. The sail has eyelets 11 on the lower leg 7, which allow the sail 1 to be tensioned vertically. A mast pocket 4 with an opening in the lower sail 7 is sewn to sail 1 diagonally from the sail top 6 to the lower sail through the sail area. The mast pocket can also be welded or glued to the sail. This depends on the material used for the sail 1 and the mast pocket 4. The elastic mast 2, which preferably has a flat cross section, is located in this mast pocket. whose longitudinal axis lying parallel to the sail is at least twice as large as the transverse axis lying transverse to the sail. The front part of the boom 3 is attached to the clew of the angled, mastless luff. This extends to the clew in the angled leech and gives the sail the necessary horizontal tension. Because this drawing shows the sail rig of a sail board, an articulable and swiveling mast foot 10 with the usual rubber joint is shown at the bottom of mast 2.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Frontansicht desselben Riggs. Dabei ist ersichtlich, wie sich der Mast zusammen mit dem Segel zur Luvseite hin konkav verbiegt, und dass das abgewinkelte Vorliek vom Gabelbaum-Vorderende aus zur Mastspitze und zum Mast-Unterteil hin eine Art Verstagungs-Funktion übernimmt, welche verhindert, dass sich der Mast und mit ihm auch das Segel auf die andere Seite, d. h. zur Luvseite hin konvex. verbiegt.Figure 2 shows a front view of the same rig. It can be seen how the mast bends concavely together with the sail towards the windward side, and that the angled luff from the front boom end to the mast tip and the lower part of the mast takes on a kind of adjunct function, which prevents the mast from bending and with it also the sail to the other side, d. H. convex towards the windward side. bends.

In Figur 3 ist der Querschnitt desselben Riggs auf Gabelbaumhöhe dargestellt. Ersichtlich sind Vor- und Achterliekschothorn 8 und deren Verbindung mit dem Gabelbaum 3. Ferner sieht man den horizontalen Querschnitt des Segelprofils 1, die kaum Luftwiderstand erzeugende Masttasche 4 und der darin enthaltene elastische, lattenförmige Mast 2. Dieser Mast hat einen flachen Querschnitt, dessen Längsachse mindestens doppelt so lang ist wie dessen Querachse. Der Mast der Figur 3 hat eine Längsachse, welche viermal länger ist als die Querachse. Je nach Länge des Mastes 2 kann das Verhältnis zwischen der Längsachse und der Querachse seines Querschnittes variieren. Dies gilt besonders in dem Fall, wenn der Mast sich konisch verjüngt in Richtung MastTop. Dies Rigg eignet sich für konventionelles Segeln, bei dem immer dasselbe Vorliek gegen den Wind gerichtet ist.In Figure 3 the cross section of the same rig is shown at boom height. You can see the forward and stern leech 8 and their connection to the boom 3. Furthermore, you can see the horizontal cross section of the sail profile 1, the barely generating drag pocket 4 and the elastic, slat-shaped mast contained therein. This mast has a flat cross section, the longitudinal axis is at least twice as long as its transverse axis. The mast of Figure 3 has a longitudinal axis which is four times longer than the transverse axis. Depending on the length of the mast 2, the ratio between the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis of its cross section can vary. This is especially true when the mast tapers towards the mast top. This rig is suitable for conventional sailing, where the same luff is always directed against the wind.

Das in den Figuren 4, 5 und 6 dargestellte Rigg unterscheidet sich vom obigen dadurch, dass das Segel einen symmetrischen Schnitt links und rechts vom Mast 2 aufweist, und dass es nur auf der einen Seite mit einer Grossbaum-Stange 5 versehen ist. Dieses Rigg ist speziell für schnelle Halsen geeignet, denn das Rigg muss nicht mehr gewendet werden dabei. Der Segler bleibt immer auf der gleichen Seite des Segels. Dies gilt auch bei den Manövern Halsen und Wenden. Die seitlichen Lieks können beidseitig vom Wind angeströmt werden. Luv ist immer die Seite des Segels, wo die Grossbaum-Stange 5 befestigt ist. Vorzugsweise ist hier die Masttasche auf der Segel-Luvseite aufgenäht.The rig shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 differs from the above in that the sail has a symmetrical cut to the left and right of the mast 2, and that it is only provided on one side with a large boom rod 5. This rig is especially suitable for quick jibs, because the rig no longer has to be turned. The sailor always stays on the same side of the sail. This also applies to the neck and turn maneuvers. The wind can blow on both sides of the licks. The windward side is always the side of the sail where the boom pole 5 is attached. The mast pocket is preferably sewn on the windward side of the sail.

Claims (10)

1. A sail rig with a mast (2) for sailcraft, especially for sailboards, said mast utilizing no stays and being attached to the hull of said sailcraft by means of a rotating and pivoting connection device (10), characterized in that the sail (1) of essentially polygonal outline comprises an attachment device (4) extending along the shortest line between said head (6) and sail foot (7) substantially at a right angle relative to the main wind direction, said attachment device (4) enveloping the mast (2) at least partially along its longitudinal axis and enclosing said mast (2) fully parallel to its cross-axis, whereby said mast (2) lying flat against the sail (1) has such a cross-sectional shape that said mast elastically adapts itself along the sail's vertical axis to the windward oriented concave sail camber under the influence of the wind-induced forces ; and furthermore, whereby a hand-held boom (3, 5) is attached at its extremities with the tack and leech clews of said mastless, angled luff forward (8) and mastless angled leech aft (8) of said sail (1) for providing horizontal sail tension.
2. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said free-standing flexible mast (2) has a cross- section with a major axis at least twice as great as a minor axis thereof.
3. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said attachment device (4) of said sail (1) for said free-standing flexible mast (2) comprises a mast- sleeve (4) made of flexible material ; said sail (1) having a region of maximum sail camber ; said mast sleeve being connected to said sail (1) between said sail head (6) and sail foot (7) and through sail region of maximum sail camber ; and said mast sleeve (4) having at least at one of said sail head (6) and said sail foot (7) an opening for selectively inserting and removing said free-standing flexible mast (2).
4. The said sail rig as defined in claim 3, wherein mast sleeve (4) is sewn, glued or welded to the sail.
5. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said sail (1) is of assymmetrical outline on both sides of said free-standing flexible mast (2).
6. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said sail (1) is of assymmetrical outline on both sides of sail free-standing flexible mast (2).
7. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said boom comprises a wishbone-type boom (3) ; said wishbone-type boom having a curved spar on each side of said sail (1): the ends of said wishbone-type boom (3) being attached with said tack and leech clews of said mastiess luff and leech of of said sail (8, 8 respectively).
8. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said boom comprises a single boom spar 5 ; said single boom spar being located on the windward side of said sail (1) ; said sail (1) having a mastless angled luff forward and mastless angled leech aft (8, 8 respectively); said mastless angled luff having a tack clew ; said mastless angled leech having a leech clew ; and the ends of said single boom spar (5) being connected with said tack clew and said leech clew of said mastless angled luff and said mastless angled leech of said sail.
9. The sail rig as defined in one of the preceeding claims, wherein said attachment device (4) is structured such that there is essentially a continuous profile cross section where said sail (1) and said free-standing flexible mast (2) meet.
10. The sail rig as defined in claim 1, wherein said sail (1) has therewith associated rope lines ; and sail free-standing flexible mast (2) and said boom (3, 5) being interconnected exclusively by said sail (1) and said associated rope lines.
EP84902436A 1983-07-06 1984-06-25 Sail rig Expired EP0148217B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84902436T ATE31173T1 (en) 1983-07-06 1984-06-25 SAIL RIG.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3696/83 1983-07-06
CH369683A CH655472B (en) 1983-07-06 1983-07-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0148217A1 EP0148217A1 (en) 1985-07-17
EP0148217B1 true EP0148217B1 (en) 1987-12-02

Family

ID=4261564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84902436A Expired EP0148217B1 (en) 1983-07-06 1984-06-25 Sail rig

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4665854A (en)
EP (1) EP0148217B1 (en)
AU (1) AU3060684A (en)
CH (1) CH655472B (en)
DE (1) DE3467877D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985000333A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0192688B1 (en) * 1984-08-31 1989-03-01 Peter Dr. Ing. Plica Symmetrical rigging
FR2597066A1 (en) * 1986-04-10 1987-10-16 Bard Gerald Propelling unit with symmetrical sail
FI91620C (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-07-25 Lasse Jaemsae membrane Construction
US6116177A (en) * 1998-05-28 2000-09-12 Conant; Carson V. Mast with top boom
US8739721B2 (en) 2010-12-09 2014-06-03 International Laser Class Association Radial sail with reinforced luff tube
CN112027044A (en) * 2020-09-15 2020-12-04 大连理工大学 Grid type sail capable of intelligently controlling tightening direction

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0094661A2 (en) * 1982-05-18 1983-11-23 Urs P. Meyer Sail mast

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2379429A1 (en) * 1977-02-04 1978-09-01 Zurfluh Gerard Rigging for sailing boat - has jib supported in rotating wishbone held out by horizontal oval boom
DE2802471A1 (en) * 1978-01-20 1979-07-26 Siegfried Blech Wind-surfer sail rig - has single flexible boom in sail pocket with adjustable rope on each side
US4186680A (en) * 1978-01-24 1980-02-05 Harpole George B Sail assembly
DE2951209A1 (en) * 1979-12-19 1981-06-25 Mistral Windsurfing AG, Nürensdorf, Zürich Wind-surfer sail arrangement - has rotatable mast and wishbone boom along diagonals of rhomboid sail and sheet to boom clew-end
DE3024954A1 (en) * 1980-07-02 1982-01-28 Dirk Dipl.-Ing. Althaus Single sail rig for wind-surfer - with split mast and split boom forming frame about sail
US4369724A (en) * 1980-08-05 1983-01-25 John Weiss Wingsail
DE3047410A1 (en) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-15 Otto Dr.med. 5000 Köln Jung Variable area sail for sail board etc. - has hinged boom with double area sail whose fold abuts mast loosely

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0094661A2 (en) * 1982-05-18 1983-11-23 Urs P. Meyer Sail mast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3467877D1 (en) 1988-01-14
EP0148217A1 (en) 1985-07-17
WO1985000333A1 (en) 1985-01-31
CH655472B (en) 1986-04-30
US4665854A (en) 1987-05-19
AU3060684A (en) 1985-02-07

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