EP0192688B1 - Symmetrical rigging - Google Patents

Symmetrical rigging Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0192688B1
EP0192688B1 EP85904247A EP85904247A EP0192688B1 EP 0192688 B1 EP0192688 B1 EP 0192688B1 EP 85904247 A EP85904247 A EP 85904247A EP 85904247 A EP85904247 A EP 85904247A EP 0192688 B1 EP0192688 B1 EP 0192688B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sail
longitudinal
rigging
mast
gripping bar
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EP85904247A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0192688A1 (en
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Peter Dr. Ing. Plica
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE3432099A external-priority patent/DE3432099C2/en
Priority claimed from DE3514270A external-priority patent/DE3514270C1/en
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Priority to AT85904247T priority Critical patent/ATE40968T1/en
Publication of EP0192688A1 publication Critical patent/EP0192688A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/40—Arrangements for improving or maintaining the aerodynamic profile of sails, e.g. cambers, battens or foil profiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rig according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a rig is known from patent document EP-A-0 083 806.
  • the rig for sailboards described there consists of rigid transverse ribs that are connected to each other by longitudinal spars. The windward edge of the sail is always held by a longitudinal spar and thus stiffened. Continuous pockets and strings are used to attach the sail to the transverse ribs and longitudinal spars.
  • symmetrical rigs are that they can be flown against from two directions, so that in certain maneuvers there is no need to write or change sides. Accordingly, a grip bar for holding the rig is only required on the windward side.
  • an aerodynamically advantageous, elliptical sail outline is structurally easy to implement.
  • a disadvantage is that the mast-like spars on the windward sail edges generate air swirls through their cross-section and thus reduce the propulsion of the sail.
  • mast spars also has a disadvantage. Either they adapt to the curved sail outline as slender, straight rods and are deformed very strongly under wind pressure, or they are pre-curved in a stronger version, which in turn leads to higher costs and storage problems.
  • a symmetrical rig without mast-like spars on the longitudinal edges of the sail is also known from the international application PCT / CH 84/00 104.
  • the mast arranged in the middle is held by a mast pocket in the plane of the sail area, the cross section of the mast being designed so that it partially follows the deformations of the sail area.
  • this solution avoids the vortex-forming mast, the sail profile in the transverse direction, i.e. parallel to the air flow, remains uncontrollable, since shape-retaining components are missing in the transverse direction.
  • this rig like the ones described above, collects water in the mast pocket. This makes it difficult to pull the rig out of the water.
  • the invention has for its object to design a rig of the type mentioned so that longitudinal spars on the sail edges are eliminated and the sail surface is made largely free of deformation by suitable additional components.
  • the key-shaped sail surface with the stiffening elements is to form a composite component by expedient arrangement and connection of all parts to one another, which due to its favorable carrying behavior enables a reduction in the dimensions of the individual elements, in particular the longitudinal spars.
  • Figure 1 shows an overview of the various components of the rig in an advantageous embodiment with a longitudinal spar 2 and three transverse ribs 8, one of which is provided with a handle bar 4.
  • the sail surface 1 which is doubly curved in the same direction and preformed during manufacture, is made of high-strength material and is connected to the longitudinal spar and the transverse ribs only at the edges by means of short insertion tabs or belts.
  • the rig gets its final shape by tensioning the sail area 1 against the longitudinal spar 2 at the base of the rig.
  • battens of known type are arranged between the transverse ribs and are likewise only held at the sail edges.
  • the rig is guided by the sailor with the handle bar 4.
  • the line 7 is used in a known manner for pulling up the rig with the special feature that the upper end of the line 7 can be displaced via a ring on the tension band 6 of the transverse rib 8. This allows the rig to be pulled up on one side or the other as desired.
  • a slight longitudinal curvature is formed in the sail area 1 in the region of the longitudinal axis. If the straight longitudinal spar 2 is tensioned against the sail surface during construction, it must follow the curvature and develop restoring forces which generate tensile forces in the sail surface 1 essentially along the sail edges. This makes the rig dimensionally stable and self-supporting without external stress.
  • the mode of operation of the rig described here is not limited to the combination of a longitudinal spar 2 with three transverse ribs. Depending on the size and special requirements, the cross ribs can be used in any number.
  • a reinforcement of the sail area 1 in highly stressed areas by tapes, ropes or other suitable materials is also appropriate in special cases.
  • the longitudinal spar 2 is guided according to Figure 1 through openings 9 in the ribs 8. This results in a simple, non-positive connection and in the assembled state immovable connection between the ribs 8 and the longitudinal spar 2.
  • the ends of the ribs 8 are connected to the sail area 1 by short insertion tabs 13.
  • the ribs 8 are first laid flat on the spread sail surface 1, the stretched width of which corresponds to the arc length of the rib 8 between the insertion flaps 13. Since only the shorter chord length between the rib ends is required to insert the rib 8, the rib 8 can be easily inserted into the insertion tabs 13. Thereafter, the rib 8 is rotated 90 ° into the final position, the sail surface 1 lies against the leeward, curved rear side of the rib 8 and is tensioned at the same time. The longitudinal spar 2 then passed through the opening 9 secures the rib 8 against unintentional turning back.
  • variable rib cross section in FIG. 2 is evident from the associated sections in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the approximately flat-triangular cross-sectional shape according to section a-a is approximately retained in the outer quarters of the rib length. From the quarter point onwards, the cross-sectional height then increases increasingly to the center of the rib according to section b-b, the cross-section merging into a narrow rectangle.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 apply when wood is used as a building material.
  • open or closed profile cross sections with or without foaming are preferred, depending on the manufacturing process, while preserving the outer contour.
  • the design of the ribs 8 described here is on the one hand adapted to the stress caused by the wind forces and thus leads to less rib deformation. On the other hand, it enables the formation of the rib opening 9 for the advantageous, simple connection of the rib 8 to the longitudinal spar 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows the cross rib 8 connected to the grip strip 4. Since in this cross rib the full sail force occurring in the longitudinal spar 2 must be transmitted to the surfer via the grip strip 4, an adjustable drawstring 10 becomes between the center of the rib 8 and the center the handle bar 4 arranged, which largely reduces the stress and thus the deformation of the rib 8 and the handle bar 4.
  • an oval opening 12 shown in FIG. 1 is also provided in the sail area 1. It serves as a sail window and at the same time as an expansion compensator for the sail area 1.
  • the areas of the sail area 1 that are subject to high stress on both sides of the opening 12 undergo a plastic, irreversible deformation ( «sail bar») in the longitudinal direction of the sail, which in turn leads to a Reduction of the longitudinal curvature formed in the sail surface 1 leads.
  • This undesirable effect can be eliminated by the fact that the sail area 1 in the area of the longitudinal spar 2 is also stretched in the longitudinal direction.
  • the opening 12 will closed by an easily deformable material, which yields when the longitudinal spars 2 are tightened against the sail surface 1 and thus leads to the required expansion. It is important to ensure that reinforcement strips made of canvas or other low-stretch material running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sail are avoided within the opening 12.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

Symmetrical rigging which can be rotated and tilted at its base, for windsurfing boards and other sailing vehicles, having a dish-shaped sail surface with an oval contour (1), which has straight longitudinal spars in the region of the sail axis and transverse frames perpendicular thereto (3, 6), which are connected to the sail edges, are applied to the sail surface on the lee side and form a dish-shaped connection component together with the sail surface. The essentially distortion-free sail surface without any eddy-producing mast improves the aerodynamic efficiency of the rigging. There is no mast or slots for battens. Moreover, handling when starting is facilitated and transport is simplified because of the straight, short rod units.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rigg nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a rig according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiges Rigg ist aus dem Patentdokument EP-A-0 083 806 bekannt. Das dort beschriebene Rigg für Segelbretter besteht aus steifen Querrippen, die durch Längsspieren miteinander verbunden sind. Der luvseitige Segelrand wird stets durch eine Längsspiere gehalten und somit versteift. Zur Befestigung des Segels an den Querrippen und Längsspieren dienen durchlaufende Taschen und Verschnürungen.Such a rig is known from patent document EP-A-0 083 806. The rig for sailboards described there consists of rigid transverse ribs that are connected to each other by longitudinal spars. The windward edge of the sail is always held by a longitudinal spar and thus stiffened. Continuous pockets and strings are used to attach the sail to the transverse ribs and longitudinal spars.

Ein weiteres Rigg ist aus der Fachliteratur (DE-Zeitschrift «Surf», Heft 12/83, Seite 49) bekannt, bei dem die mastartigen Spieren einen umlaufenden Rahmen bilden und eine schlüsselförmige, ovale Segelfläche umfassen. Das Tuchsegel wird an den Rändern durchlaufend am Rahmen befestigt und besitzt offenbar keine formgebenden Elemente wie Latten oder spezielle Rippen. Ein im konstruktiven Aufbau gleichartiges Rigg wird in der DE-Zeitschrift «Surf», Heft 7/84, Seite 10, erwähnt.Another rig is known from the specialist literature (DE magazine "Surf", issue 12/83, page 49), in which the mast-like spars form a circumferential frame and comprise a key-shaped, oval sail surface. The cloth sail is continuously attached to the frame at the edges and apparently has no shaping elements such as battens or special ribs. A rig of the same construction is mentioned in the DE magazine «Surf», issue 7/84, page 10.

Daneben sind weitere Vorschläge für Riggs bekannt, bei denen nur die beiden Längsränder des Segels durch mastartige, gerade oder gekrümmte Spieren gehalten werden (z.B. DE-OS 29 29 884, DE-OS 31 07 097, DE-OS 30 17 362, DE-OS 30 40 218).In addition, further proposals for rigs are known in which only the two longitudinal edges of the sail are held by mast-like, straight or curved spars (for example DE-OS 29 29 884, DE-OS 31 07 097, DE-OS 30 17 362, DE- OS 30 40 218).

Der Vorteil symmetrischer Riggs liegt darin, daß sie von zwei Richtungen angeströmt werden können und deshalb bei bestimmten Manövern das Schiften bzw. der Seitenwechsel entfällt. Entsprechend ist eine Griffleiste zum Halten des Riggs nur auf der Luvseite erforderlich. Außerdem ist ein aerodynamisch vorteilhafter, elliptischer Segelumriß konstruktiv leicht zu verwirklichen.The advantage of symmetrical rigs is that they can be flown against from two directions, so that in certain maneuvers there is no need to write or change sides. Accordingly, a grip bar for holding the rig is only required on the windward side. In addition, an aerodynamically advantageous, elliptical sail outline is structurally easy to implement.

Als nachteilig ist anzusehen, daß die mastartigen Spieren an den luvseitigen Segelrändern durch ihren Querschnitt Luftwirbel erzeugen und so den Vortrieb des Segels mindern.A disadvantage is that the mast-like spars on the windward sail edges generate air swirls through their cross-section and thus reduce the propulsion of the sail.

Sind nur gekrümmte Randspieren vorhanden, so läßt sich die Wölbung des Segels nur schwer kontrollieren, da die Spieren sich unter Windlast verbiegen und die Form des Segels stark verändert wird.If there are only curved marginal spars, it is difficult to control the curvature of the sail, since the spars bend under wind load and the shape of the sail is greatly changed.

Nachteilig wirkt sich auch die gekrümmte Form von Mastspieren aus. Entweder passen sie sich als schlanke, gerade Stäbe dem gekrümmten Segelumriß an und werden unter Winddruck sehr stark verformt, oder sie werden in stärkerer Ausführung vorgekrümmt, was wiederum zu höheren Kosten und Lagerungsproblemen führt.The curved shape of mast spars also has a disadvantage. Either they adapt to the curved sail outline as slender, straight rods and are deformed very strongly under wind pressure, or they are pre-curved in a stronger version, which in turn leads to higher costs and storage problems.

Die Ausbildung eines symmetrischen Riggs ohne mastartige Spieren an den Segellängsrändern ist aus der US-Patentschrift Nr. 4 369 724 bekannt. Hier werden die Segellängsränder durch Drahtseile gehalten, die ihrerseits an einer tragenden Mast-Gabelbaum-Kombination befestigt sind. Zwischen den Drahtseilen ist ein Doppelsegel gespannt, in dessen Innerem sich der Mast und eine Hälfte des Gabelbaums befinden. Dieser Vorschlag vermeidet zwar die Randwirbel an den Segellängsrändern, ermöglicht jedoch durch die zwangsweise konvex gekrümmten Drahtseile keinen ovalen Segelumriß. Das freihängende Doppelsegel wird weitgehend nur durch Windkräfte in seiner Form beeinflußt und ist deshalb nur schwer zu kontrollieren.The formation of a symmetrical rig without mast-like spars on the longitudinal edges of the sail is known from US Pat. No. 4,369,724. The longitudinal edges of the sail are held here by wire ropes, which in turn are attached to a load-bearing mast-boom combination. A double sail is stretched between the wire ropes, inside which there is the mast and half of the boom. Although this proposal avoids the edge eddies on the longitudinal edges of the sail, the convexly curved wire cables do not allow an oval sail outline. The shape of the free-hanging double sail is largely influenced by wind forces and is therefore difficult to control.

Ein symmetrisches Rigg ohne mastartige Spieren an den Segellängsrändern ist weiterhin aus der internationalen Anmeldung PCT/CH 84/00 104 bekannt. Zur Verringerung des Luftwiderstandes wird hier der mittig angeordnete Mast durch eine Masttasche in der Ebene der Segelfläche gehalten, wobei der Querschnitt des Mastes so ausgebildet ist, daß er den Verformungen der Segelfläche teilweise folgt. Diese Lösung vermeidet zwar den wirbelbildenden Mast, das Segelprofil in Querrichtung, also parallel zur Luftströmung, bleibt jedoch unkontrollierbar, da formerhaltende Bauteile in Querrichtung fehlen. Außerdem sammelt sich bei diesem Rigg, wie auch bei den vorher beschriebenen, Wasser in der Masttasche. Das Aufziehen des Riggs aus dem Wasser wird dadurch erschwert.A symmetrical rig without mast-like spars on the longitudinal edges of the sail is also known from the international application PCT / CH 84/00 104. To reduce the air resistance, the mast arranged in the middle is held by a mast pocket in the plane of the sail area, the cross section of the mast being designed so that it partially follows the deformations of the sail area. Although this solution avoids the vortex-forming mast, the sail profile in the transverse direction, i.e. parallel to the air flow, remains uncontrollable, since shape-retaining components are missing in the transverse direction. In addition, this rig, like the ones described above, collects water in the mast pocket. This makes it difficult to pull the rig out of the water.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Rigg der genannten Gattung so auszubilden, daß Längsspieren an den Segelrändern entfallen und die Segelfläche durch geeignete zusätzliche Bauelemente weitgehend verformungsfrei gemacht wird. Außerdem soll die schlüsselförmige Segelfläche mit den aussteifenden Elementen durch zweckmäßige Anordnung und Verbindung aller Teile untereinander ein Verbundbauteil bilden, das aufgrund seines günstigen Tragverhaltens eine Verringerung in den Abmessungen der einzelnen Elemente, insbesondere der Längsspiere, ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to design a rig of the type mentioned so that longitudinal spars on the sail edges are eliminated and the sail surface is made largely free of deformation by suitable additional components. In addition, the key-shaped sail surface with the stiffening elements is to form a composite component by expedient arrangement and connection of all parts to one another, which due to its favorable carrying behavior enables a reduction in the dimensions of the individual elements, in particular the longitudinal spars.

Die Aufgabe wird bei dem gattungsgemäßen Rigg durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved in the generic rig by the characterizing features of claim 1. Useful embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile sind folgende:

  • 1. Durch Wegfall der Randspieren verringern sich die Wirbelverluste. Die flache, aerodynamisch geformte Längsspiere erzeugt in Segelmitte nur einen Bruchteil der bisherigen Verluste.
  • 2. Durch die aussteifende Wirkung der formstabilen Querrippen wird auch die unter allseitigem Zug stehende Segelfläche weitgehend verformungsfrei. Unkontrollierbare Veränderungen der Segelkrümmung entfallen. Das Rigg wirkt somit wie ein starres Profilsegel mit den bekannten aerodynamischen Vorteilen, wie sie bei asymmetrischen Profilsegeln nur durch mehrteilige, gegeneinander verdrehbare Profilteile erzielt werden.
  • 3. Gekrümmte, mastartige Spieren an den Rändern des Segels sind nicht mehr vorhanden. Sie werden durch eine gerade, einfach zu lagernde Längsspiere ersetzt. Abmessungen und Gewicht der Längsspiere verringern sich aufgrund der Verbundwirkung zwischen Segelfläche und den aussteifenden Elementen.
  • 4. Aufwendige, sich mit Wasser füllende Mast-und Lattentaschen entfallen, da infolge der Segelflächenkrümmung die Längsspiere und die Querrippen gegen das Segel gedrückt werden.
  • 5. Das Herausziehen des Riggs aus dem Wasser ist gegenüber bekannten Segelformen für Segelbretter leichter. Während beim konventionellen Tuchsegel durch wandernde Bauchbildung Wasser verdrängt und verschoben wird, schwimmt das symmetrische Profilrigg auf der Oberfläche oder läßt sich dank der starren Form in drehender Bewegung leicht aus dem Wasser ziehen.
  • 6. Der aerodynamisch vorteilhafte, elliptische Segelumriß ist sehr einfach zu verwirklichen.
The advantages achieved with the invention are as follows:
  • 1. By eliminating the marginal spars, the vortex losses are reduced. The flat, aerodynamically shaped longitudinal spar generates only a fraction of the previous losses in the middle of the sail.
  • 2. Due to the stiffening effect of the dimensionally stable cross ribs, the sail surface, which is under tension from all sides, is largely free of deformation. There are no uncontrollable changes in the curvature of the sail. The rig thus acts like a rigid profile sail with the well-known aerodynamic advantages that can only be achieved with asymmetrical profile sails by using multi-part profile parts that can be turned against each other.
  • 3. There are no longer any curved, mast-like spars on the edges of the sail. They are replaced by a straight, easy-to-store longitudinal spar. The dimensions and weight of the longitudinal spars are reduced due to the bond between the sail surface and the stiffening elements.
  • 4. Elaborate, water-filling mast and batten pockets are eliminated, since the longitudinal spars and the transverse ribs are pressed against the sail due to the curvature of the sail surface.
  • 5. Pulling the rig out of the water is easier compared to known sail forms for sailing boards. While water is displaced and displaced by wandering belly formation in the conventional canvas sail, the symmetrical profile rig floats on the surface or can be moved thanks to the pull the rigid form out of the water in a rotating motion.
  • 6. The aerodynamically advantageous, elliptical sail outline is very easy to implement.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsformen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the embodiments shown in the drawings.

Es zeigenShow it

  • Figur 1 die Ansicht des Riggs in perspektivischer DarstellungFigure 1 is a perspective view of the rig
  • Figur 2 die Ansicht einer typischen Rippe, gesehen in RigglängsrichtungFigure 2 shows the view of a typical rib, seen in the longitudinal direction of the rig
  • Figur 3 Schnitte a-a und b-b zu Figur 2 und 4Figure 3 sections a-a and b-b to Figure 2 and 4
  • Figur 5 die Ansicht der mit der Griffleiste verbundenen Rippe, gesehen in Rigglängsrichtung.Figure 5 shows the view of the rib connected to the handle, seen in the longitudinal direction of the rig.

Figur 1 zeigt als Übersicht die verschiedenen Bauteile des Riggs in einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsart mit einer Längsspiere 2 und drei Querrippen 8, von denen eine mit einer Griffleiste 4 versehen ist. Die gleichsinnig doppelt gekrümmelte und bei der Herstellung vorgeformte Segelfläche 1 aus hochfestem Material ist mit der Längsspiere und den Querrippen nur an den Rändern über kurze Einstecklaschen oder Gurte verbunden. Beim Aufbau erhält das Rigg seine endgültige Form durch Spannen der Segelfläche 1 gegen die Längsspiere 2 am Fußpunkt des Riggs.Figure 1 shows an overview of the various components of the rig in an advantageous embodiment with a longitudinal spar 2 and three transverse ribs 8, one of which is provided with a handle bar 4. The sail surface 1, which is doubly curved in the same direction and preformed during manufacture, is made of high-strength material and is connected to the longitudinal spar and the transverse ribs only at the edges by means of short insertion tabs or belts. When rigging, the rig gets its final shape by tensioning the sail area 1 against the longitudinal spar 2 at the base of the rig.

Zwischen den Querrippen sind je nach Bedarf Segellatten bekannter Art angeordnet, die ebenfalls nur an den Segelrändern gehalten werden.Depending on requirements, battens of known type are arranged between the transverse ribs and are likewise only held at the sail edges.

Das Rigg wird mit der Griffleiste 4 vom Segler geführt. Beim Start dient die Leine 7 in bekannter Art zum Hochziehen des Riggs mit der Besonderheit, daß das obere Ende der Leine 7 über einen Ring auf dem Zugband 6 der Querrippe 8 verschiebbar ist. Dadurch läßt sich das Rigg nach Belieben auf der einen oder anderen Seite hochziehen.The rig is guided by the sailor with the handle bar 4. At the start, the line 7 is used in a known manner for pulling up the rig with the special feature that the upper end of the line 7 can be displaced via a ring on the tension band 6 of the transverse rib 8. This allows the rig to be pulled up on one side or the other as desired.

In die Segelfläche 1 ist eine leichte Längskrümmung im Bereich der Längsachse eingeformt. Wird die gerade Längsspiere 2 beim Aufbau gegen die Segelfläche gespannt, so muß sie der Krümmung folgen und entwickelt Rückstellkräfte, die in der Segelfläche 1 Zugkräfte im wesentlichen längs der Segelränder erzeugen. Dadurch wird das Rigg ohne äußere Belastung formstabil und selbsttragend.A slight longitudinal curvature is formed in the sail area 1 in the region of the longitudinal axis. If the straight longitudinal spar 2 is tensioned against the sail surface during construction, it must follow the curvature and develop restoring forces which generate tensile forces in the sail surface 1 essentially along the sail edges. This makes the rig dimensionally stable and self-supporting without external stress.

Unter Einwirkung der Windlast vergrößern sich die oben angegebenen Zugkräfte in der Segelfläche 1. Je mehr die Windlast anwächst, desto besser wird die Formstabilität des Riggs.Under the influence of the wind load, the above-mentioned tensile forces in the sail area 1 increase. The more the wind load increases, the better the rigidity of the rig.

Umgekehrt werden bei entgegengesetzter, unplanmässiger Windlast die Zugkräfte in der Segelfläche geringer. Die Formstabilität nimmt ab, bis die Segelränder zu flattern beginnen. Dieser Zustand ist für die Konstruktion unbedenklich und läßt sich durch Drehung des Riggs in den Wind beenden.Conversely, with opposite, unscheduled wind loads, the tensile forces in the sail area are lower. The dimensional stability decreases until the edges of the sail begin to flutter. This condition is harmless for the construction and can be ended by turning the rig into the wind.

Die hier geschilderte Wirkungsweise des Riggs ist nicht auf die Kombination einer Längsspiere 2 mit drei Querrippen beschränkt. Je nach Grösse und besonderer Anforderung können die Querrippen in beliebiger Anzahl verwendet werden.The mode of operation of the rig described here is not limited to the combination of a longitudinal spar 2 with three transverse ribs. Depending on the size and special requirements, the cross ribs can be used in any number.

Auch eine Verstärkung der Segelfläche 1 in hochbeanspruchten Bereichen durch Bänder, Seile oder andere geeignete Materialien ist in besonderen Fällen zweckmässig.A reinforcement of the sail area 1 in highly stressed areas by tapes, ropes or other suitable materials is also appropriate in special cases.

Die Längsspiere 2 wird gemäß Figur 1 durch Öffnungen 9 in den Rippen 8 geführt. Dadurch ergibt sich eine einfache, kraftschlüssige und im aufgebauten Zustand unverschiebliche Verbindung zwischen den Rippen 8 und der Längsspiere 2.The longitudinal spar 2 is guided according to Figure 1 through openings 9 in the ribs 8. This results in a simple, non-positive connection and in the assembled state immovable connection between the ribs 8 and the longitudinal spar 2.

Die Enden der Rippen 8 sind mit der Segelfläche 1 durch kurze Einstecklaschen 13 verbunden. Beim Aufbau des Riggs werden die Rippen 8 zunächst flach auf die ausgebreitete Segelfläche 1 gelegt, deren gestreckte Breite zwischen den Einstecklaschen 13 der Bogenlänge der Rippe 8 entspricht. Da zum Einstecken der Rippe 8 nur deren kürzere Sehnenlänge zwischen den Rippenenden erforderlich ist, läßt sich die Rippe 8 mühelos in die Einstecklaschen 13 einführen. Danach wird die Rippe 8 um 90° in die endgültige Position gedreht, die Segelfläche 1 legt sich der leeseitigen, gekrümmten Rückseite der Rippe 8 an und wird dabei gleichzeitig gespannt. Die anschließend durch die Öffnung 9 geführte Längsspiere 2 sichert die Rippe 8 gegen unbeabsichtigtes Zurückdrehen.The ends of the ribs 8 are connected to the sail area 1 by short insertion tabs 13. When setting up the rig, the ribs 8 are first laid flat on the spread sail surface 1, the stretched width of which corresponds to the arc length of the rib 8 between the insertion flaps 13. Since only the shorter chord length between the rib ends is required to insert the rib 8, the rib 8 can be easily inserted into the insertion tabs 13. Thereafter, the rib 8 is rotated 90 ° into the final position, the sail surface 1 lies against the leeward, curved rear side of the rib 8 and is tensioned at the same time. The longitudinal spar 2 then passed through the opening 9 secures the rib 8 against unintentional turning back.

Die Ausbildung des veränderlichen Rippenquerschnitts in Figur 2 geht aus den zugehöringen Schnitten in Figur 3 und 4 hervor. Die annähernd flach-dreiecksförmige Querschnittsform gemäß Schnitt a-a bleibt in den äußeren Vierteln der Rippenlänge in etwa erhalten. Vom Viertelspunkt an vergrössert sich die Querschnittshöhe dann zunehmend bis zur Rippenmitte germäß Schnitt b-b, wobei der Querschnitt in ein schmales Rechteck übergeht.The formation of the variable rib cross section in FIG. 2 is evident from the associated sections in FIGS. 3 and 4. The approximately flat-triangular cross-sectional shape according to section a-a is approximately retained in the outer quarters of the rib length. From the quarter point onwards, the cross-sectional height then increases increasingly to the center of the rib according to section b-b, the cross-section merging into a narrow rectangle.

Die in Figur 3 und 4 gezeigten Vollquerschnitte gelten bei Verwendung von Holz als Baustoff. Bei einer Ausführung in Kunststoff oder Aluminium sind unter Wahrung der äußeren Umrißform offene oder geschlossene Profilquerschnitte mit oder ohne Ausschäumung je nach Herstellungsverfahren vorzuziehen.The full cross sections shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 apply when wood is used as a building material. In the case of a design in plastic or aluminum, open or closed profile cross sections with or without foaming are preferred, depending on the manufacturing process, while preserving the outer contour.

Die hier beschriebene Ausbildung der Rippen 8 ist einerseits der Beanspruchung durch die Windkräfte angepaßt und führt damit zu geringeren Rippenverformungen. Andererseits ermöglicht sie die Ausbildung der Rippenöffnung 9 für die vorteilhafte, einfache Verbindung der Rippe 8 mit der Längsspiere 2.The design of the ribs 8 described here is on the one hand adapted to the stress caused by the wind forces and thus leads to less rib deformation. On the other hand, it enables the formation of the rib opening 9 for the advantageous, simple connection of the rib 8 to the longitudinal spar 2.

Figur 5 zeigt die mit der Griffleiste 4 verbundene Querrippe 8. Da bei dieser Querrippe die volle, in der Längsspiere 2 auftretende Segelkraft über die Griffleiste 4 auf den Surfer übertragen werden muß, wird ein verstellbares Zugband 10 zwischen der Mitte der Rippe 8 und der Mitte der Griffleiste 4 angeordnet, das die Beanspruchung und damit die Verformung der Rippe 8 und der Griffleiste 4 weitgehend verringert.FIG. 5 shows the cross rib 8 connected to the grip strip 4. Since in this cross rib the full sail force occurring in the longitudinal spar 2 must be transmitted to the surfer via the grip strip 4, an adjustable drawstring 10 becomes between the center of the rib 8 and the center the handle bar 4 arranged, which largely reduces the stress and thus the deformation of the rib 8 and the handle bar 4.

Im Bereich der mit der Griffleiste 4 verbundenen Rippe 8 ist außerdem eine aus Figur 1 ersichtliche, ovale Öffnung 12 in der Segelfläche 1 vorgesehen. Sie dient als Segelfenster und gleichzeitig als Dehnungskompensator für die Segelfläche 1. Die hochbeanspruchten Bereiche der Segelfläche 1 zu beiden Seiten der Öffnung 12 erleiden im Laufe der Zeit eine plastische, nicht rückgängig zu machende Verformung («Segelreck») in Segellängsrichtung, die wiederum zu einer Verringerung der in die Segelfläche 1 eingeformten Längskrümmung führt. Dieser unerwünschte Effekt läßt sich daruch aufheben, daß die Segelfläche 1 im Bereich der Längsspiere 2 ebenfalls in Längsrichtung gedehnt wird. Die Öffnung 12 wird durch ein leicht verformbares Material geschlossen, das bei stärkerem Anspannen der Längsspiere 2 gegen die Segelfläche 1 nachgibt und so zu der erforderlichen Dehnung führt. Dabei ist darauf zu achten, daß innerhalb der Öffnung 12 parallel zur Segellängsachse verlaufende Verstärkungsstreifen aus Segeltuch oder anderem dehnungsarmen Material vermieden werden.In the area of the rib 8 connected to the grip strip 4, an oval opening 12 shown in FIG. 1 is also provided in the sail area 1. It serves as a sail window and at the same time as an expansion compensator for the sail area 1. Over time, the areas of the sail area 1 that are subject to high stress on both sides of the opening 12 undergo a plastic, irreversible deformation («sail bar») in the longitudinal direction of the sail, which in turn leads to a Reduction of the longitudinal curvature formed in the sail surface 1 leads. This undesirable effect can be eliminated by the fact that the sail area 1 in the area of the longitudinal spar 2 is also stretched in the longitudinal direction. The opening 12 will closed by an easily deformable material, which yields when the longitudinal spars 2 are tightened against the sail surface 1 and thus leads to the required expansion. It is important to ensure that reinforcement strips made of canvas or other low-stretch material running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sail are avoided within the opening 12.

Claims (8)

1. Rigging symmetrical to its longitudinal axis, which can be rotated and tilted at its base, comprising a gripping bar at the windward side, having a dish-shaped sail surface with an oval, polygonally limited contour and being held stretched by mast-type spars, characterized in that
one mast-type longitudinal spar (2) being straight if not bent, located in the longitudinal sail axis, having a flat, aerodynamically favourable cross section, and rigid, curved transverse ribs (8) stiffening the sail surface (1) with central openings (9) to fit in the longitudinal spar (2), are provided,
said longitudinal spar (2) and transverse ribs (8) being connected at their ends with the free sail edges by means of straps or insert clips
and being pressed over their entire length against the sail surface (1) on the windward side
forming a dish-shaped composite structure in connection with the sail surface (1).
2. Rigging according to claim 1 characterized in that the gripping bar (4) is hinged to one of the transverse ribs (8).
3. Rigging according to claim 1 characterized in that additional sail battens without batten sleeves are arranged between the tgransverse ribs (8).
4. Rigging according to claim 2 characterized in that a line (7) serves to lift the rigging out of the water, being attached with one end tightly to the mast-foot and with the other end movably along the tension-cord (6) of the transverse rib (8) provided with the gripping bar (4).
5. Rigging according to claim 2 characterized in that the transverse rib (8) provided with the gripping bar (4) has an adjustable tension cord (10) connecting the center of the transverse rib (8) with the center of the gripping bar (4).
6. Rigging according to claim 2 characterized in that the sail surface (1) has an oval opening (12) the diameter of which is bigger than half the sail width, located in longitudinal sail axis and close to the transverse rib (8) provided with the gripping bar (4).
7. Rigging according to claim 6 characterized in that the opening (12) is closed by a material with a modulus of elasticity which is considerably lower than that of the surrounding sail surface (1).
8. Rigging according to claim 6 and 7 characterized in that the opening (12) has only reinforcement strips of sail cloth or other poor stretching material, running perpendicular to the longitudinal sail axis.
EP85904247A 1984-08-31 1985-08-28 Symmetrical rigging Expired EP0192688B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85904247T ATE40968T1 (en) 1984-08-31 1985-08-28 SYMMETRICAL RIGG.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3432099 1984-08-31
DE3432099A DE3432099C2 (en) 1984-08-31 1984-08-31 Symmetrical rig
DE3514270A DE3514270C1 (en) 1985-04-19 1985-04-19 Symmetric rig
DE3514270 1985-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0192688A1 EP0192688A1 (en) 1986-09-03
EP0192688B1 true EP0192688B1 (en) 1989-03-01

Family

ID=25824351

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85904247A Expired EP0192688B1 (en) 1984-08-31 1985-08-28 Symmetrical rigging

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0192688B1 (en)
AU (1) AU4775385A (en)
DK (1) DK197986D0 (en)
ES (1) ES8701644A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986001481A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3540646A1 (en) * 1985-11-15 1986-05-22 Peter Dr. 8000 München Plica RIB FOR SYMMETRIC RIGG
DE3601510C1 (en) * 1986-01-20 1987-07-16 Peter Dr-Ing Plica Boom for a symmetrical rig
FR2597066A1 (en) * 1986-04-10 1987-10-16 Bard Gerald Propelling unit with symmetrical sail
DE10348598A1 (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-02-24 Eisenberg, Hans Jochen Sales-promotion sign has a C-shaped bracket holding a clip-fit hoop for a printed cloth panel
FR3027281B1 (en) * 2014-10-21 2018-03-23 Fabrice Baronnet GREATLY SIMPLIFYING AMERICAN CHANGE MANEUVER
FR3098187A1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-08 F.One Autonomous traction kite

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0083806A1 (en) * 1982-01-06 1983-07-20 Bram Jan Voslamber A sail and rigging for a sailing-apparatus
WO1985000333A1 (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-31 Urs Peter Meyer Sail rig

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3173395A (en) * 1963-04-18 1965-03-16 Price Ranch Double ended sailboat
US3707935A (en) * 1970-09-16 1973-01-02 J Rachie Surfing sailboat
FR2548621A1 (en) * 1983-07-04 1985-01-11 Comte Francois Rigging for sailboard

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0083806A1 (en) * 1982-01-06 1983-07-20 Bram Jan Voslamber A sail and rigging for a sailing-apparatus
WO1985000333A1 (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-31 Urs Peter Meyer Sail rig

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Motor Boat and Yachting, Vol.100, No.2189, 24.01.1964, London (GB), "That got away", see page 43 "A most unusual trimaran". *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK197986A (en) 1986-04-30
EP0192688A1 (en) 1986-09-03
ES546614A0 (en) 1986-12-01
ES8701644A1 (en) 1986-12-01
WO1986001481A1 (en) 1986-03-13
AU4775385A (en) 1986-03-24
DK197986D0 (en) 1986-04-30

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