DE3213254A1 - Windsurfing board, the special feature of which is a rig which can be reefed and trimmed - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention differs from the hitherto customary rig for windsurfers in three decisive points: A) the mast, which is drop-shaped in cross-section, can be turned as desired about its longitudinal axis in relation to the angle of incidence of the apparent wind, so that B) the sail battens of the loosely guided sail can be tightened or relieved; C) the sail can be reefed on the water. Sail positions and mast positions in optimum form are possible due to A) and B). Transversely set mast with bulbous sail, downwind. Inclusion of the lee side of the mast in the sail, sailing with flowing sheets. Likewise when luffing, or further turning and thus flatter sail and separation of flow from the mast to reduce the sail pressure. Generating an S-shaped wing profile by relieving the leech, for further pressure reduction during increasing wind. The reefing possibility is an additional safety feature, necessary in order to be able to reduce the sail area in the face of a suddenly increasing wind.

Description

Sailing board with a reefing and trimmable rig as a special feature.

The invention relates to sailing boards, in particular to the rig for such a board, consisting of a freely rotatable and pivotable on all sides Rigging attached to the sailboard, consisting of a freely rotatable and pivotable rig A mast connected by means of a hinge on the board, consisting of a spreader tree from 2 spars, which are connected with their ends and the mast, -a sail, which is attached with the front to the mast, freely between the spars extends backwards and is attached to the spars at the aft end.

A sailing board of this type is known in Germany as the Auslegeschrift 1,914,604. When describing df sailboard, the rear end is of a triangular shape Sails attached to the point of junction of both spars where these are more or are less movably connected to each other. In use, the sailor is with his Hands pull the windward side of the spreader boom towards you and thus give the sail a stand give that the incoming wind will be caught and stretch the sail to leeward. As such, this creates a favorable airfoil-like shape in the horizontal section Shape against the incoming wind. This is especially true at lower wind speeds and if you don't sail too close to the wind. But a sailor wants as high as possible if he is sailing on the wind, he will gradually have to close the sail further pull harder on the windward side of the spreader tree. This applies to a greater extent with increasing wind power. It is well known that in the last two described Situations a flatter sail with less curvature is aerodynamically more favorable, to achieve a higher speed and to be able to sail closer to the wind ..

But the greater force that the sailor has on the windward side on the handle bar exercises, this will bend more and thereby shorten with as a result that the sail is less tensioned and this creates a larger bulge, which is exactly the opposite represents of what is desired.

In the case of the sailing board described in the aforementioned German publication pushed over the conical mast from above with a so-called mast pocket, see above that in fact there is no talk of someone reinforced with a rope or wire Luff, although this pocket is listed as a luff in the publication. Will now the wind power is greater, then this construction forces the sailor to use the standard sail to be rigged and supplemented by a sail with a smaller surface. This demands not just a second or third sail or storm sail, but it is a laborious one Action which, on top of that, was not carried out in a competition or on a drive since the sailor will generally not have a second sail with him. in the In sailing competitions, ever higher speeds are required, which to achieve is through the use of flatter sails through the increase in trim options for the daily situation and ultimately through the creation of reefing opportunities.

Now to the disadvantages of the well-known sailing board outlined above avoid and achieve the stated objective, that is stated in the heading described sailing board characterized in that the sail in the luff with a Core or wire is provided that the sail from bottom to top in the side view a wing model has a relatively high pressure point that the sail is provided with a number of battens distributed over the entire height, wherein each is mainly parallel on the boom from the luff of the sail to the leech of the sail, with the batten tensioning the sail and over the im Fore leech attached core on the back of the mast can be moved lengthways is attached.

Since the sail is provided with a classic luff with a soul, which is also slidably attached to the rear of the mast, can be attached to the well-known way to reef the sail mounted on the sailboard, not only does the surface decrease, but the pressure point is also lower comes. The wind load on the sail and therefore also the load on the sailor thereby decreases considerably. Reefing can be done on the water and of course during of a competition do the same thing.

Because the sail no longer has a triangular shape, but rather a wing model has been given, the pressure point is higher, whichever gives a better windscreen and is indicative of the fast sail type Ships.

Sails of this type are known for their fast, small catamarans.

However, above all in situations with strong winds the sail To keep it flat enough, battens are used, which extend over the entire length Extend the length of the sail, between the luff and the leech, and thereby mainly run parallel to the tree. The battens are attached in sail bags and they stretch the sail between the fore-leech and the leech.

Since the mast is not only hinged but also rotatable on the Sailboard is attached and the fore leech of the sail is slidable at the rear If the mast is attached, a mast with a teardrop-shaped cross section can be used as known for fast ships. With the state of curvature of the sail the mast can therefore rotate around its longitudinal axis, thus providing a first trim option To provide.

As already described above, when the wind increases, it becomes windward The tree bends more and more and shortens significantly, regardless of the fact whether a more rigid or less flexible material is used.

In order not to shorten the tree in an unfavorable way, as described, to act on the sail, according to a preferred form of the invention Cams of each tree with its own independent sliding structure on the Battens attached. It also has the advantage that this sliding construction at a distance of approx. 2/3 to 4/5 of the length of the batten located behind the mast. The curvature of the sail then increases with increasing wind no longer adversely affected by the increasing shortening of the tree, however determine the battens with their specific stiffness and pre-tensioning in the sail the curvature, so that this creates another trim option. fen is. So that the sail is in place of the starboard or port sliding structure is not overloaded, as it could tear, it is an advantage to use the sliding construction to be attached to a batten in the sail. The main thing is the fastening be on the longest batten, which may be a bit stronger or stiffer becomes opposite to the other battens.

It is known from catamarans that the torque around its longitudinal axis To control this is done with the help of a bracket attached to the back of the mast is attached, which is then in connection with the main boom of the catamaran. In contrast to this, according to the preferred embodiment, the invention is referred to as that the mast is provided with a forwardly projecting part on which the attachment is attached, which hinge attacks in the front ends of the two trees a hinge axis, which is mainly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mast runs.

The pulling force exerted by the sailor on the windward tree exerts a force on the brace at the front of the mast which is approximately is directed against the wind direction. The torque thus exerted on the mast will rotate this around its longitudinal axis to a trim level, which is dependent on the force exerted and thus on the angle of incidence of the wind and its wind strength. The sailor can also benefit from the distribution of force exerted on both of them Hands and the place where he puts his hands on the tree, another influence exercise on the trim coupling on the mast. To increase this effect and in order to be able to get by with as few bent trees as possible, it is advantageous to in order to get a favorable position from the trees that they are at a distance on the mast pass.

It should also be noted that, thanks to the invention, with considerably shorter Trees as before can be sailed. This facilitates the handling and reduces weight.

It can also be noticed that the pressure point is approx. Cm higher as with the known sail, the distance from the pressure point comes to rest remains roughly the same until the mast.

The same effect when sailing compared to the well-known 5.8 - 6 sqm surface can now be achieved with approx. 5.2 sqm.

After all, the rig according to the invention is primarily used for harder things Wind can reach significantly higher speeds, with it on top of that higher up the wind can be sailed.

Further features and details of the invention will become apparent the following description of the preferred embodiment, which is shown in the accompanying Characters.

Figure 1 shows a sailing board according to the current technology.

FIG. 2 shows a sailing board with a mast and sails according to the invention.

Figure 3 shows a top view of the Gabelbamkonst- ktion as in Figure 2.

Figure 4 shows a perspective part detail of an alternative construction of the same boom in the vicinity of the mast.

Figure 5 shows a schematic top view of the boom construction according to Figure 4.

FIG. 6 shows a front view of the boom construction according to FIG 4 and 5.

In Figure 1, a sailboard is shown as known at the moment, consisting from a streamlined propulsion body or board and a sail 3. The sail 3 is supported by a mast 4 which tapers conically at the top. This mast is with a freely rotating and movable hinge construction 5 (schematic shown in Figure 1) attached to the board 2.

The sail 3 is made with the help of a corresponding conical mast pocket 6 pushed from above over the mast, so that the pocket 6 is part of the sail and takes over the function of the classic fore leech. The mast pocket 6 is then pulled taut from the mast tip 13 over the mast 4 with the help one Neck leash 7, which fastening is carried out in a known manner, what is here on is not specified in the drawing.

The boom 8 consists of a starboard side and a port side Tree 9 and 10, which are connected to one another and to the mast at the front at 11 are. To make this possible, the space is at the front 11 of the boom a recess is made in the pocket 6.

The two booms 9 and 10 are strong at their aft ends 12 and practically immovably connected to each other.

The eighth point of the sail 3 is attached in an adjustable manner at the back end 12 of the boom. So the sail 13 can be more or less Dimensions are stretched tightly between the mast and the two booms. The sail 3 is mainly triangular in shape, with the leech 14 being practical runs in a straight line from the mast top 13 to the eighth point 15 of the sail, the foot 15 from the eighth point 15 in a straight line to the bottom of the mast runs. On the mast 4 at the front end 11 of the handle bar 8 is a high rope attached 4, with which the sailor can erect the mast or the entire rig to then to be able to grab the boom on the windward side 9 or 1o with both hands in order to then to sail by pulling tight. The sailor pulls the windward side with both hands Boom to exert a reaction force against the wind falling in the sail, whereby the handle bar bends and thus the curvature is increased. By a more or less rigid connection 11 and 12 between the two handle strips Bend the handle on the leeward side in the same way, but mostly to a lesser extent. the The result of the increasing deflection of both handle bars is the total length the handle bar is reduced, so that the connection points 12 and 11 come closer together. The consequence of this is that the sail 3 is tensioned less tightly, the curvature of the sail increases in the transverse axis. This effect is increased depending on the The wind becomes more violent or the sailor sails higher up in the wind.

Becomes a good sailor and especially a competitive sailor under However, circumstances wish the opposite, since he was using a tighter sail with a stronger one Can sail faster in the wind and higher up in the wind.

Figure 2 shows a sailing board with mast and rigging as according to the invention. The sailboard 2 is essentially the same as the normal sailboard as shown under Figure 1. Likewise, the mounting structure 5, which the freely rotating and the hinged mast 4 connects to the board 2 is essentially identical Mast 4 is here, however, drop-shaped in diameter and over its entire length at the rear a rail or groove 17, in which the classic luff 16 of the sail 3 is slidably added. Although a fore leech is shown in the figures is, the fore luff wire 16 is received directly in the groove 17, others can well-known constructions such as those with small protrusions can also be used.

The sail 3 is decidedly wing-shaped, so that the leech 14 describes a curvature and the pressure point of the sail is noticeably higher, like in the known triangular sail according to Figure 1. The sail is stiffened with the help a number of battens 19-23 running parallel to each other. These battens are pushed in in sewn-on sail pockets. Each batten runs from the luff 16 to the leech of the sail 14 or leech 15. In a known manner, but not shown here the sail is tensioned with regard to the battens. The sail can be removed from the battens 21 are reefed up to the batten 22, including a number of reefing ropes 26 in the sail are introduced, which are connected in reefed state with the corresponding Openings 27 near the batten 22.

By unhooking the fastening 18 shown schematically the upper part of the sail can be pulled over the Distance between the battens 21 and 22 can be settled, the hook is hooked in a lower position in opening 18 a on the mast, so that not only the effective surface of the sail becomes smaller, but so does the pressure point low: comes. If desired, a sailor on the water can let in it Set sail or that Meet sails. It will be clear that the known construction with a halyard for heating or lowering the sail can be used can.

The two booms 9 and 1o are hinged with the help of a Device 32 attached to the mast. This device 32 is based on Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 below are examined in more detail. The back end of each boom 9 and 1o is using its own independent slide construction 28 or 29 attached to the batten 22 in the sail 3. The batten is 22 recorded in the usual way in a batten bag, which is mostly is formed by canvas from the sail 3 itself.

The sliding structure 28 and 29 are preferably mounted on the longest batten 29. This can be a little stiffer or made a little stronger are battens like the rest of the sails. The sliding constructions 28 and 29 (better: Slide construction) are located on both sides of the sail 3 at some distance in front of the furthest point 24 of the sail. The battens can be removed from the sail for a salvage of the sail. The sliding structures 28 and 29 are easy to remove from the batten 22. They are with the help of fasteners not shown here appropriate. In addition, these sliding structures 28 and 29 can be used on various edenen positions in forwards or backwards adjustments are attached to the batten 22 will. The ends of the trees 9 and 10 have, as shown schematically in Figure 3, Sliders mounted on the slots of the structure 28 and 29 will. The tree ends 30 and 31 can so independently of each other in their own Move slide construction 28 or 29 in the longitudinal direction. The effective one The sliding path can be adjustable. The wet of the sail 3 buckle under the influence of the wind is now determined by the steepness and the bias of the battens The bending and shortening under load on trees 9 and 10 has no influence on the tension of the sail, as the two construction ends 30 and 31 can move freely with regard to the battens 22 and the sail 3.

Tension well around the leech 14 of the wing-shaped sail 3 to can, a tension line 33 is attached, which in the eighth point 24 of the sail is attached and which passed through the hollow seam 15 from the leech to the mast will. With the desired tension, the line 33 can be attached to a Cleat 34 near the lower part of the mast.

By having the line 33 through part of the hem from the leech 15 is guided by the sail, this foot is also put under tension.

A possible embodiment is shown on an enlarged scale in FIG reproduced by the two booms 9 and 1o and the hinge attachment on Mast 4. The mast shown in FIG. 3 has a streamlined shape or a teardrop-shaped one Average.

In the attachment point 5 of the mast on the board, the mast is not alone hinged, but also rotatable about its longitudinal axis. Thanks to its trouser shape In the cross-section of the mast, the rotation of the mast about its longitudinal axis 36 can occur make an effective contribution to the trim of the sail. With a direction of incidence from Wind as indicated by the arrow (38) with regard to the longitudinal axis line 35 from the sailboard, the sailor will pull with his hands 39 and 4o to the windward side of the tree, in Direction of the arrows indicated by the hands.

Around the mast 4 is a mainly rectangular block when viewed from above 41 non-rotatably attached, which block on the front of the mast is an extension for the keeper 42 contains. This stay-out is to starboard, starboard and port spreads and bears a thorn 43 and 44 at each end. Around these thorns are the front ends 45 and 46 of the trees 9 and 1o rotatably mounted. In the case of the figure 3, the trees 9 and 10 are of a relatively bendable embodiment Material, e.g. they can be made of laminated wood.

The shape of the trees 9 and 1o and the position of the hinge axes 43 and 44 is such that in the retirement not reproduced here the insides of the trees rest against the associated side of block 41 and at the same time the aft ends taken up by the trees with little pre-tension in the sled structure 28 and 29 are. The trees 9 and 1o therefore have their natural curvature shape in their retirement. The trees from this one So guys are almost straight and retired must therefore be relatively elastic and pliable for use. In a situation In the course of sailing, as shown in FIG. 3, the hands 39 and 40 attract the windward side boom 9, so that this bends further. The one exercised in hinge 43 Force puts a torque on mast 4 via block 41 so that the mast has a Will assume trim level, as shown in Figure 3, the profile axis 37 turns from the mast in the direction of the wind. The inside 47 comes from the boom 9 on the windward side thereby loosely from surface 43 of block 41. From the leeward side, the boom becomes 10 to this effect forcefully pressed against block 41, whereby 10 is also bent. The back end of 31 on the leeward side of the boom 1o is thereby in its slide construction Slide 29 forward while the end 30 on the windward side of boom 9 is in its Sliding structure 28 moves backwards.

Will be the distance between 43 and 30 on the windward side of the boom 9 shortened by the increased bend of the boom, but this shortening becomes compensated by the fact that the pivot point 43 about the longitudinal axis of the mast 36 so much is moved aft that despite the shortening of the boom from the end of 30 opposite the carriage structure 28 is displaced to the rear. The same applies in reverse for the leeward boom 10. As long as the ends 30 and 31 of the booms can slide freely, in their own construction 28 and 29, is the dislocation of points 30 and 31 have no influence on the tension of sail 3. The curvature of the sail is determined solely by its stiffness and pretension from the battens 19-23. If desired, the sliding structures 28 and 29 are attached to sail 3 or batten 22 in such a place, that the effective sliding distance is set so that when reaching a certain Deflection of the two trees 9 and 1o and the associated trim rotation from the mast 4 with the block 41 and the bracket 42 around the longitudinal axis of the mast 36 the end points 30 of the windward tree 9 get stuck towards the end of the sliding path or its carriage construction 28.

From this moment on, the trim rotation increases mast and from the stay 42, the aft end 30 of the boom 9 is a rearward-facing one Apply force via the sliding structure 28 on the sail 3 and the batten 22. This will reduce the curvature of the sails. It will be clear that doing so the end 31 of the leeward boom 1o the front end of the sliding structure may not have reached yet. Thanks to the adjustability forwards or backwards gets from the sliding structure 28 and 29 with respect to the batten 22 from the sail the sailor an extreme trim option to just under circumstances where a flat Sails is asked to be able to perform this trim as well.

An alternative illustration is shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 with the device 32, wherein the front ends of the trees hinged to a Brackets are attached to the front of the mast1 shown in this figure n trees are of a type with greater rigidity than the trees according to FIG. 3. Thus the sails remain free of the curved sails, these are trees according to Figure 4, 5 and 6 bent significantly in retirement. These trees also grip with their aft ends 30 and 31 retire only with a slight pre-tension on the sliding structure 28 and 29, as described in Figures 2 and 3.

With their front ends 60 and 61, the trees are wedged into one U-shaped connecting bracket 32, which is mounted in front of the mast. The trees 60 and 61 are inserted into the ends 62 of the U-shaped connecting bracket. In the middle of the connecting bracket 32 at 63 is a spherical hinge 64 in the form of a Rotatable ball included. A retaining bracket is attached to a mounting plate 66 65 attached to the mast. The hinge ball 64 has a central bore through which the mast bracket 65 carries out. As Figure 6 shows, you can with the help of an adjusting screw 67 the vertical position of the ball and thus also of the U-shaped connecting part 32 adjust the height on the mast. Thanks to the application of a spherical Hinge 64 can both hinge and tilt sideways with respect to the tree of the mast 4. The tipping is shown schematically in Figure 6 with the arrows 68.

Exactly as was the case with the embodiment according to Figure 3, will the sailor grasp the windward side of the tree with both hands. Is the incidence of wind as according to FIG. 5 b in the direction of arrow 38, then both hands become force 39 and exercise 4o on the windward side of the tree.

A force is applied via the ball 64 and the mast holder bracket 65 the mast 4 are exercised so that the mast rotates about its longitudinal axis 36 and a As shown in FIG. 5b, the profile axis runs like the line 37 in relation to the longitudinal axis 35 of the sailboard. The two trees 9 and 1o form together with the U-shaped connecting bracket 32 a relatively stiff construction, which retains practically the same shape under load, so that at the back end 30 and 31 of the trees, the sliding structure 28 and 29 offset relatively little is in relation to the construction as in Figure 3. Here, too, the slides remain 3ou.

31 free from the ends of the sliding structure so that the bulge of the sail 3 is determined exclusively by the batten 22 together with the remaining battens.

So with maximum trim rotation of mast 4, the mast itself and that Sails 3 must always remain free from the leeward tree lo, the U-shaped one Connecting bracket 32 of such a width that the mast 4 always from the front ends 60 and 61 of the trees is kept free. The same applies of course to the construction as in Figure 3, where the distance between the trees and the mast is determined through the width of block 41, Figure 3. Although after the execution as in Figures 4, 5 and 6, only one combination hinge is attached to secure the tree and according to Figure 3 the attachment consists of 2 hinges 43 and 44 is the essential one agreement of the execution this, that in both cases the hinge axis line are located in front of the longitudinal axis of the mast, where the brackets 42 and 65 are attached are. In Figure 5a, the version with a rigid tree is executed in neutral position.

Since in the execution as shown in Figure 4, 5 and 6, the mast can assume a larger trim angle as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 Rope 6o a and 61 a between the back of the mast and the related tree 60 resp.

61 attached. These ropes can be used on the trees for this purpose Clamps can be set to adjust the trim angle as desired.

Although this is not shown in Figures 2-5, the Mast are provided with a leash 4 - as shown in Figure 1 -. The flexural stiffness Tree according to Figures 4, 5 and 6 is preferably made of hollow aluminum profiles, as indicated schematically in FIG.

It should be noted that in the figures the tree is approximately is shown at right angles with respect to the mast. But this is not important so that the angle of the tree can be freely selected for the various board types can. In association with the sliding constructs 28 and 29, it deserves the advantage that the batten 22, to which the sliding structure 28 and 29 is attached, with regard to of the tree should run reasonably parallel. With regard to the refeffability of the It is important that the battens 21 and 22 are parallel to each other get lost. Blank page

Claims (7)

Final folerun: 1. Mast with rig for a sailboard consisting of a non-rod attached to the board so that it can be freely rotated and hinged on all sides Mast, a tree formed by 2 spars, which with their front ends connected to each other and connected to the mast, a sail attached to the mast by its front is, freely stretching backwards between the spars and in the vicinity of the cam is attached to the extreme end of the trees, characterized in that the sail has a fore leech with a sewn-in soul, that the sail from the bottom up above in side view has a wing model with a relatively high pressure point, that the sail is provided with a number of height-adjusted battens, which are mainly parallel to the handle bar from the fore leech to the Stretch out the leech of the sail, which battens stretch the sail and that The sail inserted into a fold at the rear of the mast above the fore leech and is attached. 2. Mast with Riggnach construction 1, characterized in that the The aft end of each spar has its own independent sliding structure a batten is attached to the sail. 3. Mast with rig according to construction 2, characterized in that the The sliding construction extends to a distance of approx. Located 2/3 to 4/5 of the length of the batten behind the mast. 4. Mast with rig according to one or more of the existing findings characterized in that the mast is attached to the front and firmly attached Bracket is provided to which the front ends of the two spars hinge attack on a hinge axis, which in the main thing in parallel and are attached in front of the longitudinal axis of rotation of the mast, 5. Mast with rig after one or more of the preceding statements, characterized in that both Spars at the point of the mast pass this at some distance. 6. Mast with rigging according to one or more of the previous statements characterized in that both grip strips with their front ends at the ends a U-shaped horizontal connecting bracket is attached which Bracket has a spherical hinge in the middle between the two ends which the spars are attached to the mast holder, which last is bow-shaped. 7. Mast with rig according to one or more of the findings 1 - 5 characterized in that the mast holder viewed from the top is a rectangular one The block that mainly encloses the section of the mast and that the hinge The end of the binding of the mast holder with the two spars is always at a front corner from the mast holder, each handle bar with its after the retired The side facing the sail rests against the corresponding edge of the block.