DE3217250A1 - Windsurfer - Google Patents

Abstract

A windsurfer with at least one floating body and a mast which is attached to the floating body and forms a suspension point for the sail at a suitable distance above the floating body, which sail is fastened only to this suspension point and is suspended in such a way that it can pivot and rotate freely all round.

Description

Windsurfer

The invention relates to a windsurfer having one of at least one Float formed boat hull, with at least one on one or more Floating bodies attached mast and with a sail attachable to the mast, which held by the sailor and used to control the direction of travel relative to the float and the wind is adjustable.

Such a windsurfer is from DE-PS 19 14 G04 be; ln the handling However, such a windsurfer not only requires considerable skill and Corresponding exercise, ni also relatively much strength.

Furthermore, from DE-OS 29 52 301 a standing sailing device with a unstayed, held in a circumferential frame and with a universal joint Sails connected to a surfboard are known. A very similar arrangement is also known from US-PS 3,455,261. Finally, it is known from DE-OS 29 33 050, to hold a sail completely free in the hand.

The invention is based on the output, a windsurfer of to create the type mentioned in more detail at the beginning, which with particularly good maneuverability, especially with a turn or jibe, easy even for relatively inexperienced sailors to handle and at the same time with very little effort at particularly high speed to sail is.

To solve this problem, the invention provides that with the help of Mast is formed above the float a suspension point for the sail and that the sail is only attached to the suspension point so that it can be freely pivoted and rotated on all sides is.

Advantageous developments and preferred embodiments of the Subject matter of the invention emerge from the subclaims on which to avoid repetitions are expressly referred to at this point and their content is declared to be part of the present description.

A particularly important advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that the way the sail is hung on the mast as well as its shape of the sail can be varied practically at will.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention provides that a firmly attached to the hull mast is provided that the Mast is arranged in the rear of the hull that the upper end of the mast is curved like a walking stick and that the free end of the Mast arranged in the area above the lateral center of gravity of the hull is. Both the attachment of the mast base to the hull and the shape and the technological training of the mast can be modified in many ways will.

The various advantageous possibilities of the invention Arrangement in terms of structure and handling are particularly strong in one embodiment for carrying, which is characterized by the fact that the boat body has several floating bodies which are arranged side by side. The arrangement is preferred taken in such a way that three floats are present, of which the middle one as a relatively large main floating body and the two lateral ones as relatively small side floats are formed, which are symmetrical to the main float are arranged.

With the arrangement according to the invention, the advantageous options remain of a classic windsurfer or sailing board. To this One of the advantages is that certain athletic feeling, the wind in your hands to keep.

In principle, according to the invention, it can also continue on an unsinkable The body of the boat can be sailed in a standing position, the change of direction being caused by a change the posture and the sail position is brought about without rudder. to further advantages certainly include a special maneuverability, a simple structure and dismantling as well as easy transport, little space for storage in winter and finally a relatively high sailing speed.

Since, according to the invention, the sail is suspended from his head, results the advantageous possibility that the sailor is more or less with his Attach body weight to the sail] or push it into the sail. In any case a strong downward component of the applied force can also be used will. In this way you can sail with relatively little effort will.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the advantage can be achieved; d the sail not necessarily falling into the water even if you let go of it. It is not applicable also the relatively laborious full activity, a mast with a wet and accordingly lifting heavy sails out of the water and raising them.

By using two side floats according to the invention become extraordinary in connection with the sail hanging from his head many new application possibilities opened up. Such a windsurfer according to the invention has a particularly stable swimming position, since it is normal for everyone and also for proportionately can hardly tip over in extreme operating situations.

This has the advantage that the sailor uses his strength and his Can use dexterity almost exclusively on course control, since no special effort is required to maintain balance.

It is also for a beginner sailing with the invention Windsurfer is particularly easy to learn without compromising on sportiness or speed Disadvantages would have to be accepted, on the contrary, it can be achieved with the invention Windsurfers can reach surprisingly high sailing speeds that with a conventional one Sailboard cannot be achieved.

In the arrangement according to the invention, the individual parts that can still be transported and stored separately outside the water smaller and lighter than before. According to a preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention can even be provided that the side float in at least one corresponding Recess housed in the main float for transport and storage can be. At the same time, all items that are particularly light and are handy, for example individually from a roof rack on a motor vehicle removed and carried to the water. Requires transportation and assembly neither strength nor special skill and certainly not a considerable expenditure of time.

Because the sail cannot fall into the water if it is released Not only does it eliminate the trouble of erecting a mast with a sail, it is there there is also no danger that a sailor who has gone overboard could fall under the sail.

Even with relatively strong waves, the inventive Windsurfer can still be controlled safely, so that even with heavy seas be sailed at great speed and at the same time with appropriate safety can.

The windsurfer according to the invention also offers the possibility of Take considerable luggage on board so that you can cover longer distances can be. Furthermore, the extremely good stability also favors the Ability to cover longer distances and move far from a bank.

Nevertheless, the windsurfer according to the invention is also very flat Suitable for waters, as no sword is required and therefore only a very small one Draft of the hull is given.

It can also be done with a partner on the windsurfer according to the invention be sailed who may not have any sailing knowledge. This is suitable the windsurfer according to the invention is also particularly good for training. For school purposes can be an arrangement with one or, if necessary, with two sails used what can be put at the discretion of a sailing instructor. It offers itself when using a windsurfer according to the invention with a sail for training the advantageous possibility that the sailing student and the sailing instructor together can handle the sail, so that the sailing instructor depending on the level of training Sailing students with the corresponding feeling steadily more control effect and more responsiveness can leave.

The windsurfer according to the invention can also be sailed while seated.

If a corresponding deck between floating bodies arranged next to one another is used, it can in principle also be provided that one or more People who do not take part in steering the windsurfer can also sail. For example, children can be taken who are not yet active in sailing can contribute.

In the arrangement according to the invention, it can also optionally the side floats removed and separated after a long journey at the destination used as children's boats.

According to the above, side floats can be used for transport and stowed for storage inside the main float, namely either one above the other if the side floats are flat, or side by side when the side floats are relatively narrow and deep are, or one behind the other, if the space available and the dimensions of the main floating body and the side floating bodies are selected accordingly.

In the windsurfer according to the invention, a so-called "clicker" can also be used, i.e. a device that is attached to the mast and located in Wind direction rotates and thus shows the direction of the apparent wind.

The windsurfer according to the invention can also be turned very sharply, which is not possible with a conventional sailboard.

Needs to make a sharp turn. just be the sailor Shift your body weight towards the side float on the windward side, so that part of the deck is also immersed in the water, because it is already there results in a significant turning moment. The braking effect achieved by the strong immersion> which can be used advantageously for turning, can still be driven by braking surfaces reinforce the fixed or movable on the side floats or on the side deck can be arranged.

The braking surfaces can preferably be arranged movably in such a way that that they are fully retracted in a rest position and by pressing with the Foot can be extended into their operating position by the sailor.

The braking surfaces can turn as well as a jibe be used advantageously to the windsurfer according to the invention extraordinarily can be turned quickly and sharply.

A spinnaker can also be used for longer distances "in front of the wind" be attached either on one side to the mast or on the hull and on one side can be held in the hand or guided by hand on both sides can be. In this type of sail, the windsurfer according to the invention mediates completely new and particularly peculiar sports feeling, which is comparable to the impression is what the driver of a Roman chariot experiences while holding the reins.

The direction can be changed when sailing in front of the wind by shifting sideways the body weight can be determined. Stable because of the high sides. of the invention Wi ndsurfers can even use the $ innaker to control sailing directions up to a deviation of about 30 degrees from the wind direction.

Since the Spinaker can also be arranged very high, the sailor has an excellent view to the front.

The side floats can have different shapes; Points of view be executed. It can be used for beginners or for training purposes as well as for a safe and relatively comfortable sailing side float can be used, on whose drive volume is relatively large, so that a high level of stability of the windsurfer on the water surface. For very sporty Sailing, the side floats can be equipped with a minimum of static load so that at higher speeds there is considerable dynamic lift Side floating bodies formed by sliding of surface floats.

When used with a view to sporty sailing, floats which are essentially V-shaped and very narrow, extraordinarily high speeds can be achieved.

Since in the windsurfer according to the invention both the size, the shape, the arrangement and handling of the sail can be varied in many different ways can, as well as with a certain vehicle, the relative position of the floats to each other according to the sail, the wind conditions and other influences can be changed, there is an almost unmanageable variety of Possibilities which the sailor at his own discretion according to his respective intentions and can take advantage of wishes. There can therefore always be new configurations of the entire Arrangement of the windsurfer according to the invention are tested, so that the achievable Variety the occupation with the windsurfer according to the invention is always interesting below and remains attractive. On the one hand, it will therefore also be particularly demanding for sporty people and ambitious sailors given every opportunity to push the limits of their capabilities to determine, and it is nevertheless created the possibility of the invention To equip windsurfers so that such people are comfortable and at the same time fast can sail that cannot meet the demands of conventional sailing boards was.

The windsurfer according to the invention offers for extremely sporty needs compared to the conventional surfing device the basic and very decisive Advantage that the maximum usable sail area no longer meets the previous restrictions subject. The classic surfing facilities of a conventional type are of the size of the sail are tight limits because the size and weight of the human body are decisive for which wind forces are still controlled So far, the balance of a surf vehicle can be achieved through muscle power must be maintained, it inevitably results that a maximum of such wind forces can be mastered, taking into account the body size and thereby fixed lever arms by the muscular strength of the sailor in connection with his Body weight can be absorbed with the sail area.

The inventive arrangement differs from this conventional arrangement Windsurfer in his structure and in his mode of action fundamentally, because he knows a sufficient inherent stability, so that the dexterity of the sailor at the handling of the sail can be practically completely concentrated on the control can. The structure of the hull and the suspension of the sail are in fact according to the basic idea of the invention chosen such that the windsurfer according to the invention practically remains in balance by itself. Since the inherent stability in the inventive Windsurfers are completely independent of the characteristics of the human body Freely selectable design features can be determined, the maximum permissible sail area with appropriate structural design of the boat hull choose practically any size. As a result, you can use the web surfers according to the invention surprisingly high speeds can also be achieved, which are well above such Go beyond speeds achievable with a conventional sailboard are.

If it is preferably provided that the sail does not exclude is guided by hand, but sometimes unilaterally help A sheet is held on the mast or on the hull of the boat, so the sailor can also lead a relatively large sail with relatively little force and handle to make the desired control movements. The control of the The sailor can also use windsurfers according to the invention by appropriately skilled Lateral shift of his body weight, especially during a turning maneuver or provide support in the event of course changes. It is also suitable for extreme spor sailing the windsurfer according to the invention also to that example another Since * ai, sailors in a trapeze have shifted their weight far beyond the curb can in order to support turning maneuvers, especially in connection with braking surfaces or generally for additional stabilization in extreme sailing conditions bring about. This can increase the speed of the windsurfer according to the invention can be increased even further.

Another decisive advantage of the windsurfer according to the invention is that the sail is hung over the hull in such a way that basically there is a free space between the sail and the hull. As the sail does not have to be fastened down to the hull, there is thus the possibility of to turn the sail in any way with respect to the hull and or to sway. In any case, there is basically a free space below the sail Available that can be used in various ways. This makes the beneficial Given the possibility that the sail can be stretched with the help of a spar, which runs below the sail. The windsurfer according to the invention is thus suitable also to be sailed sitting down.

The one created according to the invention between the sail and the hull Free space can be dimensioned so large that not only a spar below the Sail can be arranged, but that also at a turn or jibe the sailor in a flat position under the sail - from one side to the other could arrive if this should be desired.

According to the invention, this also eliminates the need for the spar to be trained as a spreader tree. As a result, the curvature of the sail is not through the spar confined. A curved spar can therefore be dispensed with, because according to the invention can according to the above explanations below the sail a spar can be used which is straight and grasped from both sides and can be handled.

The windsurfer according to the invention also comes through its construction contrary to the natural endeavors of the sailor, when applying forces, which must run in a lateral direction, but nevertheless those on his body acting gravity to bring beneficial to the effect that the sailor when applying laterally directed forces more or less at the same time rests strongly downwards on the spar or attaches to the spar. This will be cramped postures largely superfluous. It is also advantageous that in contrast to a corresponding conventional arrangement in the inventive Windsurfer a certain sail condition in various body positions of the Sailor can be brought about. This means that the sailor can even with constant Course can change his posture practically at will in order to do this not only to bring a considerable amount of variety to his sporting activity, but also to effectively counteract signs of fatigue.

Due to the advantageous possibility of surfing the wind according to the invention through different postures a consistently constant sail position In addition to the option already explained above, the configuration To vary the sailing device itself in practically unlimited variety is another Abundance of possible variations by the fact that every conceivable and from the sailor Freely selectable configuration of the sailing device not with a rigidly assigned one Posture must be sailed, but the most varied modifications by the sailor himself the technique of his posture can be applied.

When the windsurfer according to the invention, the sail so far down should be drawn that the use of a placed underneath the sail Large tree would be impractical, it can preferably be provided that a convex arched and there is a large tree encompassing one side of the sail. Because it exists in the suspension of the sail according to the invention groove possibility that the sailor at a turn or at {isl ^ C-r E-i .: stay on the same side of the sail and the sail for 1? This maneuver swings in such a way that the wind is always on the opposite side. {! 1 ' Side of the sail, even after the maneuver has been completed. It can with such a neck or neck

Turning maneuvers are even turned extremely quickly by going through Swinging out the sail forwards or aft of the bow of the invention Windsurfer is turned quickly in the desired direction without a Flapping movement of the sail would be to be feared. While the windsurfer according to the invention surprising in such a jibe or turning maneuver with strong wind support can be brought quickly on a new desired course, the sailors remain and the wind pressure before and after the turning maneuver as well as during the execution this maneuver always on the same side of the sail Windsurfer according to the invention turned extremely quickly and elegantly and otherwise can also be controlled in a corresponding manner during other maneuvers.

It should be readily apparent that with the above be written Technique, especially a jibe, can be executed in a particularly elegant way can without the risk of the sail flapping.

The invention is explained below, for example, with reference to the drawing described in this show: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective Representation of a windsurfer designed according to the invention, FIG. 2 a detailed side view, in which the area of the suspension point for the sail is illustrated, Fig. 3 is a schematic side view to illustrate the rotatable and pivotable Suspension of the sail on a mast tip, Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective Representation of the windsurfer according to the invention with a spinnaker sail, FIG. 5 a perspective view of a further preferred embodiment of the windsurfers according to the invention, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a tandem embodiment form of the windsurfer according to the invention, Fig. 7 is a perspective view the way. in which several floats can be connected to each other, FIG. 8 shows a representation similar to FIG. 7, but for an alternative embodiment, 9 shows a plan view of the hull of a windsurfer according to the invention, in which there are recesses in the main floating body to accommodate the side floating bodies are arranged, Fig. 10 is a vertical section through a boat hull with Braking surfaces is equipped, Fig. 11 is a vertical section through a boat hull, which is equipped with airbrakes, 12 shows a vertical section by a hull equipped with hydrofoils, and Figs. 13, 14 and 15 each a preferred embodiment of a sail suspension in a schematic perspective illustration.

According to the illustration in FIG. 1, the windsurfing boat has a hull 2, which consists of a centrally arranged Hauntschwimmkörper 2b and two each is formed symmetrically left bz, re arranged side floating bodies 2a. In the back gen area of the main floating body 2b, a mast 1 is attached, which is essentially Is L-shaped. The long L-leg is made in two parts by about the L-Eckpkr from a substantially A-shaped gallows is formed, whose both A-legs la are attached to the main floating body 2b. Basically you can the A-legs 1a be rigidly attached to the hull, but it can also an additional stiffening by bracing with the help of shrouds 19 is provided as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 5.

The long L-leg of the mast 1 is preferably inclined forward arranged, and it goes over a rounded corner into the short L-leg, a suspension point 3 for a sail 4 is formed at its front end. The sail 4 is held at the suspension point 3 with the help of a top line 5, which can be attached to any Place can be attached.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1 For windsurfers, the sail 4 has the shape of an isosceles triangle, and the Seitenrieks 8 are curved outward. Along the leech are Lying bars 11 are arranged, on each of which a tensioning device in the lower area 10a is attached, which serves to secure the luff bars 11 with a spreader beam 10 to connects, which holds the sail 4 in an open configuration. Between to the The bottom 9 of the sail 4 and the deck of the hull 2 is according to the invention basically a free space; there the sail 4 with the hull 2 is not directly connected. Rather, the sail 4 is on all sides at the suspension point 3 hinged and rotatable so that all control movements are easily carried out can be.

The sailor can use the spreader tree 10, which is preferably curved is and the sail 4 overlaps on one side, comfortably hold in your hand and the sail Bring 4 into the required position. Even when turning or jibing the sailor always stay on the same side of the sail as it is easy to see is that in such maneuvers always the same side of the sail facing the wind can stay.

Fig. 2 illustrates the area of the suspension point 3 for the Sail 4 in detail. In this embodiment of the sail 4 there is a luff bar 11 buttoned into a hem 12 of the sail 4.

Between the head of the sail 4 and the suspension point 3 is a compression spring device 7 arranged. The compression spring device 7 can thereby be compressed, i.e. tensioned be that the head of the sail 4 is pulled up with the help of the top line.

If the attachment of the top line 5 is loosened with this arrangement, the sail 4 is accelerated sharply downward with the aid of the compression spring device 7. This can be desirable, for example, if a sailor should go overboard and it seems expedient to bring in the sail 4 as quickly as possible. There are basically many known possibilities are available to the Loosen the attachment of the top line 5 as quickly as possible. It could be for this purpose a rip cord can also be used, which automatically comes into operation as soon as the sailor goes overboard.

It is by no means necessary that the sail 4 with its head always until it is pulled up just below the suspension point 3.

Rather, it can with the help of the top line 5 the sail at appropriate Wind conditions can also be lowered as far as you want. To avoid that the head of the sail 4 then gives way to the front, can be specified accordingly Height a trim line 6 can be provided, which in the area of the head of the sail 4 attacks and is guided along the mast 1. ; 1i the help of the trim line 6 can be bring the head of the sail 4 favorable position for the respective wind conditions @@@ fixed there.

Fig. 3 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the mast top, in which the front end of the mast is angled down so that the suspension point 3 formed for a sail on a short, vertically downwardly directed mast stub is. A universal joint is attached to the mast 1 as shown in FIG To enable turning and tilting movement of the sail. Fig. 3 illustrates also that the top line 5 can be passed through the mast.

4 is a schematic side view of an inventive Windsurfer shown, in which a spinnaker sail 17 is attached to the mast 1 is. At the lower corners of the essentially triangular spinnaker sail 17 pods 18 are attached, which a sailor can hold in his hand in order to access them Way to handle the spinnaker sail 17 to steer the windsurfer. Since the Windsurfer according to the invention has an adequate inherent stability, can in particular Before the wind a relatively large sail area used to be considerable To achieve speeds. In principle, with the windsurfer according to the invention generally a much larger sail area than with conventional surfing devices be used because according to the invention the balance is not due to the principle limited physical strength of the sailor must be maintained. Therefore, the sailor can do much more focus his skills and strength on steering the windsurfer, instead of Having to use strength to maintain balance.

5 shows an alternative embodiment of the inventive Windsurfers, in which the two A-legs of the mast 1 on the two side floats 2a are arranged and also the shrouds 19 each to the two side floating bodies 2a are performed. This arrangement results in a particularly large amount of free space on the hull 2. FIG. 5 illustrates just like in principle Fig. 1 that the entire hull can be covered by a bridge 20, which forms a continuous deck with a considerable area.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the mast 1 essentially the shape of a walking stick, while the pole shape when shown in the Fig. 1 is more like a whip shape.

In FIG. 5, a sail 4a is also shown, which is trapezoidal is formed and is attached to a slightly curved row 16. Under the foot of the sail 4a 'there is a boom 13 with which the Sail 4a can be operated by the sailor.

6 illustrates a tandem arrangement for one according to the invention Windsurfer, in which the substantially hori zontal leg of the mast 1 is strong is extended and by a substantially A-shaped support device 21 on the hull a is supported. There are two sail holding devices one behind the other on the mast 22 available with a sail adapted to it. As can be seen from the drawing is, the sail holding devices 22 can each forward or aft be moved. The suspension point for the sails can thus be varied. It can with the windsurfer shown in FIG. 6, who in particular well suited for training purposes two sailors sail at the same time. With accordingly sportier Handling of the sailing device shown in FIG. 6 extraordinarily high speeds can be achieved.

In principle, at least one end point 14 of the lower part 9 of a sail 4 or 4a each have a rope 15 attached, wej Ches on the float or to be attached to the mast to relieve the sailor. It can thus for example in the event of a strong wind, one of the two ropes 15 according to the illustration: g of FIG. 6 The sailor can be attached to the hull or the mast with the help of a spreader boom or the main boom and / or the other rope 15 guides the sail. It can be with appropriate. " under stable wind conditions, both ropes 15 on the mast or on the hull be attached. In other words, it can be a clamp fastening known per se used to fix a sail so that the sailor can make the desired movements of the sail is not caused by the fact that he has the sail in his hand and pivoted, but the desired movements via appropriate ropes or lines evokes. Of course, such ropes or lines can be used to change the Sail position can be used, also via deflectors to any Place where they are easy to handle for the sailor.

Fig. 7 illustrates purely schematically that a side floating body 2a can be connected to the main floating body 2b in this way via connecting cross members 23 can that the distance between the two floats can be varied.

An alternative embodiment for attaching a side float 2a on a main floating body 2b is shown in FIG.

8 shown. In this embodiment, the side float 2a articulated via pivot arms 24 on the main floating body 2b. With the help of Swivel arms 24 can be the side float 2a with respect to the main float 2b can be moved forwards or aft, and the distance can be changed between the two floats.

In Fig. 9 is illustrated in a schematic plan view, that the two side floating bodies 2a in corresponding recesses 25 in the main floating body 2b can be accommodated, either for transport or for storage of the windsurfer according to the invention or also in the event that the windsurfer should be sailed without side floats.

In principle, the windsurfer according to the invention can only be used with Sail with a float if the resulting reduced lateral stability is accepted can be taken.

Fig. 10 illustrates in a vertical section through the hull Brake surfaces 26, which are attached below the deck and / or on the side float 2a can be, so that when turning these braking surfaces below the schematically indicated Water surface can be brought up by the sailor by shifting weight accordingly causes the hull to heel sufficiently.

If, as shown in FIG. 19, instead of being fixed to the hull arranged braking surfaces 26 according to FIG. 10 pivotable brake flaps 27 are provided these can be brought under the schematically indicated water surface, by the sailor with his foot the brake flap 27 in the direction of the arrow around the pivot bearing 29 moves. It takes in this execution.

form no significant heeling of the hull can be brought about, to make the brake flap 27 effective.

Since the windsurfer according to the invention uses considerable sail areas particularly high speeds can be achieved. It can Advantageously, hydrofoils 28 are used according to the illustration in FIG. 12 on the main floating body 2b and / or on the side floating bodies 2a are attached. As soon as a sufficient speed is reached, you can the hull are sufficiently lifted out of the water, so that the invention Extremely high speed windsurfer in the style of a hydrofoil slides along the surface of the water.

Although it will be useful in many cases, the sail 4 over a Attach the top line to the suspension point 3. However, the sail-on suspension can be in The scope of the invention can also be modified so that the sail 4 below the Head is connected to the suspension point 3, as shown in Figures 13, 14 and 15 is shown schematically.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, ts below the head of the sail is provided with a cross-member 30 arranged essentially horizontally, via which the sail is attached to the mast 1 in a pivotable and rotatable manner.

According to Fig. 14 is on the two lateral luffing rods 11 of the sail 4 a suspension rope 31 is attached, with the aid of which the sail 4 is attached to the mast 1 is.

Finally, FIG. 15 shows a preferred embodiment of the Sail suspension, -bei.which from the head of the sail 4 a vertical spar 32 after protrudes below, which is attached pivotably and rotatably to the mast 1. The vertical Spar 32 extends between the head as shown in FIG. 1S of the sail 4 and the spreader boom attached in the lower area, on which the Sail is guided by the sailor. It can be along the hang point of the sail the vertical spar 32 can also be adjusted in height.

The embodiment of FIG. 13 illustrated in FIGS Sails suspension leads. to the advantage that when using a particularly large Sail area the sail can in principle protrude far beyond the mast. Another The advantage of this arrangement is that even with a relatively small sail area the mast does not have to be brought up to the height of the sail head, but a very short mast can be used, which only has to be at least as high that the sailor can stand comfortably under the protruding part of the mast.

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Claims (77)

Claims 1. Windsurfer with one of at least one floating body formed hull, with at least one on one or more floats attached mast and with a on the M-attachable sail, which by the sailor held unrl Zi! Control of the direction of travel relative to the float to the wind is adjustable, thereby g e k c n n 7 e 2 c h n that with the help of the mast (1) over the hull (2) an Au. suspension point (3) is formed for the sail (4) and that the St (4) is attached to the suspension point (3) freely pivotable and rotatable on all sides (Fig. 1). 2. Windsurfer according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the sail (4) is suspended in a ball joint. 3. Windsurfer according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e -t that the sail is suspended in a universal joint which is rotatable on the mast (1) is attached (Fig. 3). 4. Windsurfer according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the sail (4) is suspended with the help of a rubber-elastic intermediate piece is, which is bendable on all sides and twistable in itself. 5. Windsurfer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e I do not know that there is a top line (5) on the sail (4) on its head. can be fastened, with which the sail (4) can be fastened to the suspension point (3). 6. Windsurfer according to claim 5, characterized in that g e k e n -n z e i c h -n e t that the sail (4) held adjustable in height with the help of the top line (5) and through a substantially horizontal trim line (6) rearward to the mast (l) is fixable (Fig. 2). 7. Windsurfer according to claim 5 or 6, characterized ge k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the top line (5) from the suspension point (3) and down is easily detachable attached in the area of access for the sailor. 8. Windsurfer according to claim 7, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the top line (5) is guided down through the mast (1) (Fig. 3). 9. Windsurfer according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that between the upper knot of the sail (4) and the suspension point (3) a compression spring device (7 ) is arranged, which is preferably tensioned over the top line 5) and through which when loosening the top line (5) the sail (4) can be accelerated sharply downwards is. 10. Windsurfer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that g It is noted that the sail (4) essentially has the shape of an isosceles Has triangle, the two same legs luff (8) and the third side of the triangle form a foot (9) (Fig. 1). 11. Windsurfer according to claim 10, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the two side leeches (8) are curved outwards (Fig. 1). 12. Windsurfer according to claim 10 or II, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the two leeches by a tensioning device (10a) with a adjustable preload are kept stretched apart. 13. Windsurfer according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that in at least one side leech (8) an essentially dimensionally stable leech bar (11) is arranged (Fig. 1). 14. Windsurfer according to claim 13, characterized in that g e k e n n. Z e i c h -n e t that the luff bar (11) is sewn into a hem (12) of the sail (4) (Fig. 2). 15. Windsurfer according to claim 13, characterized in that it k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the leech bar (11) is buttoned (Fig. 2). 16. Windsurfer according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized g e -k It is noted that the two leeches (8) between the ends at least one at a height that can be specified for convenient handling by the sailor! -4 Neten spreader tree (10) held apart nil 17. Windsurfer according to claim 16, characterized in that a convexly curved sail (4) einsei4vtg encompassing spreader tree (10) is present (Fig. 1). 18. Windsurfer according to claim 16, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n1 e t that a straight, underneath the sail (4) arranged large boom (13) is present is (Fig. 5). 19. Windsurfer according to claim 10 to 18, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the sail (4) at the end points (14) of the lower leech (9) in each case Has rope (15) which can be fastened to the floating body (2) (Fig. 6). 20. Windsurfer according to claim 19, characterized in that g e k e fl n z e i c h -n e t that at least one of the two ropes (15) for controlling and / or trimming to be handled by the sailor. 21 windsurfer according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the sail (4) is designed as a square sail (Fig. 5). 22. A windsurfer according to claim 21, characterized in that it g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that an arcuate curved Rahe (15) is provided on which an im essential trapezoidal sail (4) stretched out with the help of a large tree (10) is (Fig.5). 23. Windsurfer according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that a spnnaker sail (17) is provided, which in the area of its leech Has pods (18) to be handled by the sailor (Fig. 4). 24. Windsurfer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a) that a fixed mast (1) attached to the hull (2) is provided, b) that the mast (1) is arranged in the rear region of the hull (2), c) that the upper end of the mast (2) is curved like a walking stick and d) that the free end of the mast (1) in the area above the lateral center of gravity of the hull (2) is arranged. (Fig. 1). 25. Windsurfer according to claim 24, characterized in that it is not possible to use it e t that the mast base is anchored rigidly in the boat body (2). 26. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 or 25, characterized g ek e It is noted that the mast (1) is directed towards the front or obliquely to the side Forces of the sail (4) is guyed by shrouds (19) which attack the mast (1) and are guided to the hull (2). 27. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 26, characterized g ek e It is noted that the mast (1) is inclined forwardly on the hull of the boat (2) is arranged. 28. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that the mast (1) in the side elevation has the shape of an inverted t'L " with a rounded corner. 29. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 28, characterized g ek e It should be noted that the mast (1) has the shape of an A-shaped in a rear view Has gallows. 30. Windsurfer according to claim 29, characterized in that it is not possible to use it e t that the lower ends of the A-legs (la) of the mast ( 1 ) are arranged on a single floating body (2b). 31. Windsurfer according to claim 29, characterized in that it is e t that the lower ends of the A-legs (1a) of the mast (1) on different floating bodies (2a) of the hull (2) are arranged. (Fig. 5). 32. Windsurfer according to one of claims 29 to 31, dadur k e n n z e i c h n e t that the two A-legs run into each other and in the area the upper @@@@ of the mast (1) are combined into one piece. 33. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 32, characterized in that ekl e n n z e i c h n e t that the mast (1) is designed to be plugged together from several dividers is. 34. Wi-ndsurfer according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized g ek e nn z e i h n e t that the two A-legs Oa) of the mast (1) and all to Anchoring shrouds 09) on floating bodies arranged side by side a) are anchored and that in the central area of the hull (2) a considerable Free space for the sailor is formed. 35. Windsurfer according to claim 34, characterized in that there is no e n n z e i c h -n e t that between the floating bodies Ca) on which the mast (1) and the shrouds (19) are anchored and which form the hull (2), a bridge O) as Stand space for the sailor is arranged. (Fig. 5). 36. Windsurfer according to claim 34, characterized in that there is no e n n n z e i c h -n e t that between the floating bodies a), on which the mast (1) and the shrouds (19) are anchored, another central floating body (2b) is arranged, so that the hull (2) is formed from three floating bodies (2a, 2b, 2a). 37. windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 36, characterized g ek e It is noted that the mast (1) is made of light metal tube. 38. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 37, characterized in that g e -k It is noted that the mast (1) is designed as a buoyant body. 39. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 38, characterized g e -k It is noted that a buoyancy ball is attached to the top of the mast. 40. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 38, characterized g e -k e 10 notices that a safety balloon is attached to the top of the mast, which is in the folded state during normal sailing operation and which can only be spontaneously inflated when it comes into contact with water. 41. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 40, characterized g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that in a tandem arrangement several masts one behind the other are arranged on the hull. 42. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 36 or 38 to 41, in that the mast (1) is made of a wood laminate or is made of a plastic material reinforced with glass fibers. 43. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 36 or 38 to 41, in that the mast (1) consists of two identical, essentially L-shaped parts, which are articulated with each other in the suspension point of the sail are connected. 44. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 43, characterized g e -k e 10 11 shows that the mast base (la) can be disengaged from the hull (2b) is that the mast (1) can be folded back in the disengaged position and that the locking can be triggered automatically when the sailor goes overboard. 45. Windsurfer according to claim 44, characterized in that it is not possible to use it t that the mast (1) is held under tension by a spring device and that by the bias of the mast in the disengaged position to the rear is folded over. 46. Windsurfer according to one of claims 44 or 45, characterized k e n nz e i c h n e t that the mast (1) by the on the boat body (2) pressing Weight of the glider i11 e is held in the locked position 47. Windsurfer after one of claims 24 to 46, characterized in that the mast (1) an additional support device (i21 ), which has the shape of an A-shaped gallows in a front view (Fig. 6). 48. Windsurfer according to one of claims 24 to 47, characterized g ek e n n z e i h n e t that the mast (1) has an elongated, essentially horizontal arranged sail holding section, on which at least one sail holding device (22) is slidably guided (Fig. 6). 49. Windsurfer according to claim 48, characterized in that it is not possible to use it t that two sail holding devices on the elongated sail holding section (22) are slidably guided. 50. Windsurfer according to one of claims 47 to 49, characterized in that it is g c k e n n z e i c h n e t that the mast (1) forward over the additional support device (21) protrudes out. 51. Windsurfer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that g it is not indicated that the hull (2) has several floating bodies (2a, 2b) which are arranged side by side. 52. Windsurfer according to claim 51, characterized in that it is not possible to use it t that there are three floats (2), of which the middle one is considered to be proportionate large main float (26) and the two side ones as relatively small Side floating bodies (2a) are formed which are symmetrical to the main floating body (2b) are arranged. 53. Windsurfer according to claim 52, characterized in that it is not t that the side floats (2a) have a shallower draft than that Main float cm). 54. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 53, characterized g ek e It is noted that the side floats (2a) on the main float (2b) can be detachably attached via connecting cross members (23) (Fig. 7). 55. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 53, characterized g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that the floating body (2a) via pivot arms (24) with the Main floating body (2b) are connected and that the pivot arms are each articulated are attached to the main floating body (2b) and the side floating bodies (2a) (Fig. 8). 56. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 55, characterized g ek e It should be noted that the side floats Ca) are significantly shorter than the main floating body (2b) and that the side floating body (2a) in the rear Area of the main floating body (2b) are arranged. 57. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 55, characterized g ek e n 10 shows that the side floating bodies Ca) are significantly shorter than the main float (2b) and that the side float next to the bow of the main float (2b) are arranged. 58. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 57, characterized g ek e It is noted that the distance between the floats is adjustable. 59. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 58, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that between the floating bodies (2a, 2b) a for receiving a or several sailors certain deck is arranged, which at least the space spanned continuously from the left to the right float (2a). 60. Windsurfer according to claim 59, characterized in that that the deck in a lateral direction over the-.) and the right float (2a) protrudes. 61. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 60, characterized in that g e k e It is noted that the floating body (2) is essentially V-shaped Have cross-section. 62. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 69, characterized in that g e -k It is noted that the main floating body (2b) has a watertight lockable Has storage space. 63. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 62, characterized g e -k It is noted that the main floating body (2b) has at least one recess (25) to accommodate the side float (2a) during transport or storage of the windsurfer (Fig. 9). 64. Windsurfer according to claim 63, characterized in that it is e k e II n z e i c hn e t that several recesses (25) are provided, which are next to each other or one behind the other are arranged. 65. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 64, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i h n e t that the side floating body (2a) as autonomous and independent from the main floating body (2b) usable small boats are formed (Fig. 8,9). 66. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 53 or 60 to 62, in that the main floating body (2b) and the side floating bodies (2a) and a deck (20) arranged between the floating bodies (2a) made of a single piece. 67. Windsurfer according to one of claims 51 to 66, characterized g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that on both sides of the main floating body (2b) respectively for sharp turns of the windsurfer and arranged transversely to the direction of travel Braking surfaces (26) are provided which, when the windsurfer is particularly heeled immerse in the water (Fig.? O). 68. Windsurfer according to claim 67, characterized in that it is possible to use it t that the braking surfaces (26) each between the main floating body (2b ) and the side floats (2a) arranged deck are attached. 69. Windsurfer according to claim 67, characterized in that it is not possible to use it t that the braking surfaces (26) are attached to the side floats. 70. Windsurfer according to one of claims 67 to 69, characterized g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that the braking surfaces are designed as brake flaps (27), which are movably attached to the side floats or on the deck and from the sailor are actuated (Fig. 11). 71. windsurfer according to one of claims 50 to 70, characterized g eg e it is not indicated that the hull (2) has hydrofoils (28) (Fig. 12). 72. Windsurfer according to claim 71, characterized in that it is not possible to use it t that the wings (28) are arranged on the side floating bodies (2a). 73. Windsurfer according to claim 70 or 71, characterized g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the wings are arranged on the main floating body (2b). 74. Windsurfer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that g It is not noted that the sail (4) is below its head at the suspension point (3) is attached, so that the head of the sail (4) over the suspension point (3) protrudes upwards. 75. Windsurfer according to claim 74, characterized in that that the sail (4) at a substantially horizontal position below the sail head arranged traverse (30 'is suspended (Fig. 13). 76 Windsurfer according to Claim 74, characterized in that the sail (4) is attached to a suspension rope (31) which is attached to lateral luffing bars (11) is attached (Fig. 14). 77. Windsurfer according to claim 74, characterized in that there is no e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the sail (4) is suspended from a spar (32) which extends from the head of the The sail (4) runs essentially vertically downwards (Fig. 15).