EP0148217A1 - Sail rig. - Google Patents
Sail rig.Info
- Publication number
- EP0148217A1 EP0148217A1 EP84902436A EP84902436A EP0148217A1 EP 0148217 A1 EP0148217 A1 EP 0148217A1 EP 84902436 A EP84902436 A EP 84902436A EP 84902436 A EP84902436 A EP 84902436A EP 0148217 A1 EP0148217 A1 EP 0148217A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sail
- mast
- sailing
- rig according
- luff
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
- B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
- B63H8/24—Arrangements for connecting the rigging to a board
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
- B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
- B63H8/21—Wishbones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
- B63H8/40—Arrangements for improving or maintaining the aerodynamic profile of sails, e.g. cambers, battens or foil profiles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sailing rig with a mast for sail vehicles, in particular for sail boards, which mast is connected to the sailing vehicle in an unbalanced manner and can be pivoted and pivoted.
- Today's sailing vehicles are practically always equipped with triangular large sails, which are held along the luff by a mast that is as rigid as possible, and whose clew is connected to the rear end of the large boom attached to the mast.
- Many smaller sailing vehicles, such as o-dinghies, lasers and sailing boards have no headsail or any mast adjustment. With these so-called “Kat" stackings, the forces acting on the mast can reach high values.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of making it possible to produce sail rigs which produce more propulsion and less air resistance with the same wind strength and sail area, and which produce useful propulsion even at a smaller angle of attack.
- These rigs should be somewhat more manageable, lighter and less expensive to manufacture.
- the sail Due to the three-dimensionally arched sail cut, the sail is arched not only horizontally but also vertically when rigging with sufficient pretension by leech chisels and clew horns under the influence of wind.
- the elastic mast adapts to the vertical curvature of the sail and, together with the stretched, angled fore and aft leech, has a very profile-stabilizing effect.
- the sail and the mast are concave towards the windward side.
- Luff and aft, both of which are braced on the large boom, have the effect of built-in bracing.
- the mast tip and the mast foot are bent against the windward side. As a result, the wind is "caught" and it no longer breaks out in the sail top.
- the forces acting on the sail and the mast are completely different Nature.
- the sail and the mast not only require less static pretension than a conventional triangular rig, but also the dynamic forces induced by wind pressure are considerably lower because they act on the mast from two opposite sides and practically cancel each other out . Therefore the mast can be made much lighter. Egg- ne high flexibility is even desirable.
- the sail rig version with the one-sided boom and the symmetrically cut sail can save at least 1 kg * of weight.
- Fig. 1 shows the sailing rig in asy_m * etxische_ ⁇ . Cut with boom in a side view;
- FIG. 2 shows the sailing rig according to FIG. 1 in a view from the front
- FIG. 3 shows the sailing rig according to FIG. 1 in a cross-section at the height of the boom
- FIG. 4 shows the sailing rig in a symmetrical section with a large tree on one side in a view from the side;
- FIG. 5 shows the sailing rig according to FIG. 4 in a view from the front
- Fig. 6 shows the sailing rig according to Fig. 4 in cross section at the height of the large tree.
- FIGs 1, 2 and 3 a sailing rig for a sailing board is shown.
- the sail 1 has an asymmetrical, generally rectangular outline shape, each with two acute angles on the sail top 6 and lower 7, as well as their and rear clew
- the sail 7 has eyelets 11 on the lower leg, which allow the sail 1 to be stretched vertically.
- a mast pocket 4 with an opening in the lower sail 7 is sewn diagonally through the sail surface from the sail top 6 to the lower sail to the sail 1.
- the mast pocket can also be attached to the sail welded or glued. This depends on the material used for the sail 1 and the mast pocket 4.
- the elastic mast 2 which preferably has a flat cross section, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the sail and is at least twice as large as the transverse axis which is transverse to the sail.
- the front part of the boom 3 is attached to the sheet horn of the angled, mastless luff.
- Figure 2 shows a front view of the same rig.
- er ⁇ is clear how the mast together side concave bends with the sail to Luv ⁇ , and that the angled luff 8 • the boom front end of the top of the mast and the mast-Sch ⁇ part toward a kind Verstagungs function takes , which prevents the mast and with it also the sail from bending on the other side, ie convex towards the windward side.
- FIG. 3 shows the cross section of the same rig at boom height.
- the fore and aft leech horn 8 and their connection to the boom 3 can be seen.
- the horizontal cross section of the sail profile 1 the mast pocket 4 which hardly generates air resistance and the elastic, slat-shaped mast 2 contained therein.
- This mast has a flat one Cross-section whose longitudinal axis is at least twice as long as its transverse axis.
- the mast of Figure 3 has a longitudinal axis which is four times longer than the transverse axis.
- the ratio between the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis of its cross section can vary. This is especially true when the mast is tapered young towards the mast top.
- This rig is suitable for conventional sailing, in which the same luff is always directed against the wind.
- the rig shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 differs from the above in that the sail has a symmetrical cut to the left and right of the mast 2 and that it is only provided with a large boom rod 5 on one side.
- This rig is especially suitable for fast jibing, because the rig no longer has to be turned.
- the sailor always stays on the same side of the sail. This also applies to the neck and turn maneuvers.
- the wind can blow on both sides of the licks.
- the windward side is always the side of the sail where the boom pole 5 is attached.
- the mast pocket is preferably sewn onto the windward side of the sail.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Le gréement de voile possède une voile (1) coupée en principe en quadrilatère, à travers la voilure de laquelle est monté de l'extrémité du mât (6) jusqu'à la ralingue de fond (7) un fourreau de mât (4) où est enfoncé un mât élastique (2) de section transversale plate. Le wishbone (3) ou la perche de bôme (5) est relié à l'avant au point d'écoute du guindant (8) et à l'arrière au point d'écoute de la ralingue de chute (8). En choisissant une forme convexe, le bord de la voile, c'est-à-dire les ralingues, maintient à l'égard de la voilure à l'intérieur des ralingues une tension accrue. Ainsi, déjà lors de l'opération de tension, la voile se gonfle non seulement horizontalement, mais aussi verticalement. En cas de pression du vent se produit un gonflement de la voile concave et dirigé face au vent. Le mât (2) relié à la voile (1) sur toute la voilure par le fourreau de mât (4) se plie alors dans la même direction que la voile (1). La tension des guindants et des ralingues de chute pliés en U produit un effet de triangulation dont l'action est similaire à un virage de bord, tout en empêchant que la pointe du mât ne s'écarte vers le côté sous le vent. Les forces de tension de la voile agissant sur le mât (2) depuis devant et depuis derrière s'équilibrent entre elles; les forces agissant sur le mât (2) sont par conséquent faibles. Il est ainsi possible de construire un mât (2) plus léger et plus élastique. Le guindant sous mât n'offre qu'une résistance à l'air minime et favorise un écoulement laminaire; il en résulte essentiellement une amélioration de la puissance d'avancement et une réduction des forces transversales. En outre, ce gréement de voile permet un angle d'attaque au vent plus plat, si bien qu'il est possible de naviguer avec une voile plus haute. Comme la pointe du mât se plie face au vent en cas de pression du vent, l'écoulement de l'air dans la zone supérieure de la voile ne peut pas s'interrompre.The sail rig has a sail (1) cut in principle in a quadrilateral, through the wing of which is mounted from the end of the mast (6) to the bottom headline (7) a mast sleeve (4) where an elastic mast (2) of flat cross section is inserted. The wishbone (3) or boom boom (5) is connected at the front to the listening point of the luff (8) and at the rear to the listening point of the headline (8). By choosing a convex shape, the edge of the sail, that is to say the ropes, maintains with respect to the airfoil inside the ropes an increased tension. Thus, already during the tensioning operation, the sail inflates not only horizontally, but also vertically. In case of wind pressure, the concave sail swells and faces the wind. The mast (2) connected to the sail (1) over the entire wing by the mast sleeve (4) then folds in the same direction as the sail (1). The tension of the luff lines and fall ropes folded into a U produces a triangulation effect whose action is similar to a bank turn, while preventing that the tip of the mast does not move towards the leeward side. The tension forces of the sail acting on the mast (2) from the front and from behind balance with each other; the forces acting on the mast (2) are consequently low. It is thus possible to build a lighter and more elastic mast (2). The mast luff offers only minimal air resistance and promotes laminar flow; this essentially results in an improvement in the forward power and a reduction in the transverse forces. In addition, this sail rigging allows a flatter angle of attack in the wind, so that it is possible to sail with a higher sail. As the tip of the mast bends against the wind in the event of wind pressure, the air flow in the upper area of the sail cannot be interrupted.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84902436T ATE31173T1 (en) | 1983-07-06 | 1984-06-25 | SAIL RIG. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3696/83 | 1983-07-06 | ||
CH369683A CH655472B (en) | 1983-07-06 | 1983-07-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0148217A1 true EP0148217A1 (en) | 1985-07-17 |
EP0148217B1 EP0148217B1 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
Family
ID=4261564
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84902436A Expired EP0148217B1 (en) | 1983-07-06 | 1984-06-25 | Sail rig |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4665854A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0148217B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3060684A (en) |
CH (1) | CH655472B (en) |
DE (1) | DE3467877D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1985000333A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU4775385A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-24 | Peter Plica | Symmetrical rigging |
FR2597066A1 (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1987-10-16 | Bard Gerald | Propelling unit with symmetrical sail |
FI91620C (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-07-25 | Lasse Jaemsae | membrane Construction |
US6116177A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2000-09-12 | Conant; Carson V. | Mast with top boom |
US8739721B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2014-06-03 | International Laser Class Association | Radial sail with reinforced luff tube |
CN112027044A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-04 | 大连理工大学 | Grid type sail capable of intelligently controlling tightening direction |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2379429A1 (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1978-09-01 | Zurfluh Gerard | Rigging for sailing boat - has jib supported in rotating wishbone held out by horizontal oval boom |
DE2802471A1 (en) * | 1978-01-20 | 1979-07-26 | Siegfried Blech | Wind-surfer sail rig - has single flexible boom in sail pocket with adjustable rope on each side |
US4186680A (en) * | 1978-01-24 | 1980-02-05 | Harpole George B | Sail assembly |
DE2951209A1 (en) * | 1979-12-19 | 1981-06-25 | Mistral Windsurfing AG, Nürensdorf, Zürich | Wind-surfer sail arrangement - has rotatable mast and wishbone boom along diagonals of rhomboid sail and sheet to boom clew-end |
DE3024954A1 (en) * | 1980-07-02 | 1982-01-28 | Dirk Dipl.-Ing. Althaus | Single sail rig for wind-surfer - with split mast and split boom forming frame about sail |
US4369724A (en) * | 1980-08-05 | 1983-01-25 | John Weiss | Wingsail |
DE3047410A1 (en) * | 1980-12-17 | 1982-07-15 | Otto Dr.med. 5000 Köln Jung | Variable area sail for sail board etc. - has hinged boom with double area sail whose fold abuts mast loosely |
CH649053A5 (en) * | 1982-05-18 | 1985-04-30 | Urs Peter Meyer | SAILING POLE. |
-
1983
- 1983-07-06 CH CH369683A patent/CH655472B/de unknown
-
1984
- 1984-06-25 EP EP84902436A patent/EP0148217B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-25 DE DE8484902436T patent/DE3467877D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-25 WO PCT/CH1984/000104 patent/WO1985000333A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1984-06-25 AU AU30606/84A patent/AU3060684A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1984-06-25 US US06/713,403 patent/US4665854A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8500333A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3060684A (en) | 1985-02-07 |
CH655472B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
WO1985000333A1 (en) | 1985-01-31 |
DE3467877D1 (en) | 1988-01-14 |
US4665854A (en) | 1987-05-19 |
EP0148217B1 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19850307 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
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Effective date: 19860217 |
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D17Q | First examination report despatched (deleted) | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
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GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] | ||
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26N | No opposition filed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
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