WO1992006004A1 - Paraglider - Google Patents

Paraglider Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992006004A1
WO1992006004A1 PCT/CS1991/000001 CS9100001W WO9206004A1 WO 1992006004 A1 WO1992006004 A1 WO 1992006004A1 CS 9100001 W CS9100001 W CS 9100001W WO 9206004 A1 WO9206004 A1 WO 9206004A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rib
edge
ribs
sail
cap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CS1991/000001
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jindrich HORÁCEK
Original Assignee
Horacek Jindrich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Horacek Jindrich filed Critical Horacek Jindrich
Publication of WO1992006004A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992006004A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D17/00—Parachutes
    • B64D17/02—Canopy arrangement or construction
    • B64D17/025—Canopy arrangement or construction for gliding chutes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to paragliders as a flying medium heavier in the air.
  • the object of the invention is above all the shape and design of the paraglider cap, with which better aerodynamic parameters and thus higher performances than in the previously known designs are achieved.
  • the paraglider is characterized by a flexible wing - - canopy, which is connected to the pilot belt by means of carrying lines.
  • the cap is formed from top and bottom sails, which are connected to one another by means of ribs in the form of a wing profile which are applied in parallel over the entire span of the cap. Ribs and sails form a chamber system. Air enters these chambers during flight through air inflow openings in the sail, in the area of the leading edge, and the cap is inflated in the form of a wing by the back pressure.
  • the paragliders are known and have been described in patent documents, for example US-A-3972495, FR-PP-2079155 or FR-PP-2564060.
  • the performance of the paragliders is assessed according to the maximum glide ratio, which is a ratio of the forward speed and the sinking speed, possibly according to the minimum sinking speed. In both cases the decisive factor is the smallest possible total resistance of the paraglider. The resistance of the cap then prevails in the total resistance. With the previously known paraglider types, a greater cap resistance was achieved than with the rigid one
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF Wings of the same profile and shape would be the case. This is due to the fact that the flexible wing is deformed by a selective loading of the suspension lines and by a constant loading of aerodynamic forces and internal overpressure. A large part of the resistance is also formed by a blurred trailing edge and an uneven thickness of the wing profile between the ribs, which was created by inflating the sails. A more detailed explanation can be found in the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a sharp trailing edge is achieved in such a way that the individual chambers close to the trailing edge quickly taper into a point, and the upper and lower sails remain connected in one area between them.
  • the longitudinal waviness of the supporting rib between the supporting lines is eliminated in such a way that the rib is cut out diagonally from the fabric and is provided with stiffening in the overall height of the rib at the point of the connecting cable connection.
  • a more perfect shape of the aerofoil is further achieved with the air inflow openings using grids
  • Fig. 3 Paraglider cap according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 Paraglider cap from the direction of the inflowing air flow
  • FIG. 1 shows the characteristic cap shape of the known paraglider types in cross-section - perpendicular to the direction of flight and in FIG. 2 in longitudinal section - parallel to the direction of flight.
  • Section A-A is passed through the supporting rib, section B-B between the ribs.
  • the airfoil cap is formed by lower sail _ and upper sail 5_, which are connected to one another by supporting ribs 1_, as is recorded in the left part of FIG. 1, possibly also by auxiliary ribs _8_, which are attached between the supporting ribs 1_.
  • Two adjacent ribs] _, possibly ribs 1_ and _ and seal sections _5 and _ between them form the individual chambers 1_1.
  • the chambers are connected to one another by means of openings (not shown) in ribs.
  • SET BLADE End part of the cap can be terminated with edge body _2_, possibly with an end face made of simple tissue, which reduce the induced resistance of the wing.
  • the cap is deformed by the selective loading of suspension lines _, 2_, _, _ by the constant loading of aerodynamic forces and by internal overpressure of the dynamic pressure of the air flowing into the inflow openings 1_0_.
  • suspension lines _, 2_, _, _ In the transverse direction of the individual chambers are bulged such that the product fildicke vary in 'the longitudinal direction it comes to Pro ⁇ filwölbung in portions between the support lines.
  • the greatest profile deformation is noticeable at the trailing edge 14, which is rounded. All these deformations of the profile shape increase the resistance and reduce the lift of the wing.
  • FIG. 3 shows an axonometric view of a paraglider according to the invention with a recording of the supporting rib in a partial section.
  • the cap shape is drawn on FIG. 4, characteristically in that the wing, bent into an arc with an average radius R, merges at the end of the span into an arc with a radius _, where _ approximately 10 ⁇ small ner than R and the end of the wing is directed at the point of suspension _.
  • R the average length of the ropes 2_ is taken in the second row from the front edge ⁇ _.
  • the entire wing is set so that in any vertical section through the wing in the longitudinal direction the profile to the inflowing air flow at the angle of attack c_. is set, which creates a lift at the ends of the wing, the result of which is a pull in the marginal ropes __ and a transverse pull in sail. As a result of this additional transverse pull,
  • FIG. 5 shows the design of the supporting rib 1_, which is cut out of the fabric in such a way that the warp and weft threads 2_ cut the chord 2_7 approximately at an angle of 45 * .
  • the ribs are reinforced via the anchor points of the carrying cables (1), (2), (3), (4) by stiffeners 1_ made of thicker fabric, preferably in the entire profile height, which taper towards the top sail.
  • stiffeners 1_ made of thicker fabric, preferably in the entire profile height, which taper towards the top sail.
  • the forces from the upper sail _5 are transmitted into these stiffeners via warp and weft threads 2_8 of the rib fabric and practically every point of the upper rib outline is precisely fixed in this way and there is no rib deformation described in FIG. 2.
  • Rib 1_ or _8_ ends before the rear edge _14_, at point 2_1 at a distance less than 1/2 of the rib width. From point 2_, two diverging seams 2_2 lead towards the rear edge 1_4, which connect the upper and lower sails into one surface.
  • the chambers taper as a result, ideally to the tip on the rear edge and between them a thin straight surface 2_3 remains. This creates an aerodynamically favorable sharp rear edge.
  • FIG. 7 shows another example of the design of the trailing edge, when the ribs 1_ o ⁇ ex _ alternate on the trailing edge and in front of it and the seams connecting the sails run from the end of one rib to the end of the adjacent rib.
  • the gebilde ⁇ through the grid 2_ th air inlets applied to the lower Sails, recorded between at least some ribs.
  • the grid 2 ⁇ _ extends approximately from the front edge _13_ of the profile to the first row of ropes JL.
  • the grid width is smaller than the distance between the adjacent ribs.
  • the flaps __, which overlap each other, are sewn onto the grid 2_ with leading edges.
  • the flaps are wider than the rib spacing and are bent up along the ribs to which they are sewn. The seam is guided in such a way that it begins in the front part of the flap, where the flap is connected to the grid, near the lower sail and in the rear part at the free end of the flap it is removed from the lower sail.
  • the flap thus designed provides minimal resistance to the flow even of a large amount of air during take-off and is suitably fixed in the closed position.
  • the system of a few overlapping flaps ensures that the wing is filled with a maximum dynamic pressure of the air flow, even if the point of the maximum pressure changes its distance from the leading edge depending on the angle of attack.
  • the flap which is above the point of maximum pressure, is open, all others are closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

A paraglider has a lifting surface formed by an upper sail (5) and by a lower sail mutually linked by ribs (7) made of a fabric laid diagonally to the profile chord and provided with struts (18) at the suspension points of the bearing ropes (1, 2, 3, 4). Ribs and sails form chambers that taper from the spot (21) where the rib (7) ends toward the trailing edge (14). At the end of the wing span, the lifting surface is curved by a radius larger than 1/12th of the radius (R) in the direction of the edge ropes (17). The air inflow openings are provided with a system of overlying flaps.

Description

Paragleiter Paraglider
Bereich der TechnikArea of technology
Die Erfindung betrifft Paragleiter, als ein fliegen- dess Mittel schwerer der Luft. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist vor allem die Form und die Ausführung der Paragleiter- kappe, mit der bessere aerodynamische Parameter und damit höhere Leistungen als bei den bisher bekannten Ausführun¬ gen erreicht werden.The invention relates to paragliders as a flying medium heavier in the air. The object of the invention is above all the shape and design of the paraglider cap, with which better aerodynamic parameters and thus higher performances than in the previously known designs are achieved.
Bisheriger Stand der Technik Der Paragleiter ist durch eine flexible Tragfläche - - Schirmkappe gekennzeichnet, die mittels Tragleinen mit Pilotengurt verbunden ist. Die Kappe wird aus Ober- und Untersegel gebildet, die miteinander mittels parallel über die ganze Spannweite der Kappe aufgebrachter Rippen in Form eines Flügelprofils verbunden sind. Rippen und Segel bilden ein Kammersystem aus. Durch Luftzuströmöffnungen im Segel, im Bereich der Vorderkante, tritt in diese Kam¬ mern während des Fluges die Luft ein und durch den Stau¬ druck wird die Kappe in Flügelform aufgeblasen. Die Paragleitern sind bekannt und wurden in Patent¬ schriften beschrieben, beispielweise US-A-3972495 , FR-PP- 2079155 oder FR-PP-2564060.Current state of the art The paraglider is characterized by a flexible wing - - canopy, which is connected to the pilot belt by means of carrying lines. The cap is formed from top and bottom sails, which are connected to one another by means of ribs in the form of a wing profile which are applied in parallel over the entire span of the cap. Ribs and sails form a chamber system. Air enters these chambers during flight through air inflow openings in the sail, in the area of the leading edge, and the cap is inflated in the form of a wing by the back pressure. The paragliders are known and have been described in patent documents, for example US-A-3972495, FR-PP-2079155 or FR-PP-2564060.
Die Leistung der Paragleitern v/ird nach dem maximalen Gleitverhältnis, was ein Verhältnis der Vorwärtsgeschwin- digkeit und der Sinkgeschwindigkeit ist, evtl. nach der minimalen Sinkgeschwindigkeit, beurteilt. In beiden Fällen ist der entscheidende Faktor möglichst kleiner Gesamtwi¬ derstand des Paragleiters. Im Gesamtwiderstand überwiegt dann der Widerstand der Kappe. Bei den bisher bekannten Paragleitertypen wurde ein grösserer Kappewiderstand erreicht, als es bei dem starrenThe performance of the paragliders is assessed according to the maximum glide ratio, which is a ratio of the forward speed and the sinking speed, possibly according to the minimum sinking speed. In both cases the decisive factor is the smallest possible total resistance of the paraglider. The resistance of the cap then prevails in the total resistance. With the previously known paraglider types, a greater cap resistance was achieved than with the rigid one
ERSATZBLATT Flügel des gleichen Profils und der gleichen Form der Fall wäre. Dies ist dadurch gegeben, dass die flexible Tragflä¬ che durch eine punktuelle Belastung von Tragleinen und durch eine stetige Belastung von aerodynamischen Kräften und innerem Überdruck deformiert ist. Ein grosser Teil des Widerstandes wird auch durch eine unscharfe Hinterkante und eine ungleiche Dicke des Tragflächeprofils zwischen den Rippen, die durch Aufblasung der Segel entstanden ist, gebildet. Eine genauere Erklärung befindet sich in Beschreibung der Figuren 1 und 2.REPLACEMENT LEAF Wings of the same profile and shape would be the case. This is due to the fact that the flexible wing is deformed by a selective loading of the suspension lines and by a constant loading of aerodynamic forces and internal overpressure. A large part of the resistance is also formed by a blurred trailing edge and an uneven thickness of the wing profile between the ribs, which was created by inflating the sails. A more detailed explanation can be found in the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.
Wesen der ErfindungEssence of the invention
Die oben aufgeführten Mängel der bestehenden Paraglei¬ tern werden durch die Lösung gemäss Erfindung beseitigt oder zumindest verkleinert, deren Wesen besteht darin, dass die Endteile der Tragfläche nach unten gebogen sind, in Richtung zur Mitte des Querbogens der Kappe und der Luft¬ auftrieb, der auf diesen gebogenen Teilen wirkt, dehnt die ganze Kappe in Richtung der Spannweite aus und verkleinert damit die Ausbauchung der Segel zwischen den einzelnen Rip¬ pen.The above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing paragliders are eliminated or at least reduced by the solution according to the invention, the essence of which is that the end parts of the wing are bent downwards, towards the center of the transverse arch of the cap and the air buoyancy which acts on these curved parts, expands the entire canopy in the direction of the span and thus reduces the bulging of the sails between the individual ribs.
Eine scharfe Hinterkante wird so erreicht, dass sich die einzelnen Kammern nahe der Hinterkante zügig in eine Spitze verjüngen zwischen ihnen das Ober- und Untersegel in eine Fläche verbunden bleiben.A sharp trailing edge is achieved in such a way that the individual chambers close to the trailing edge quickly taper into a point, and the upper and lower sails remain connected in one area between them.
Die Längswelligkeit der tragenden Rippe zwischen den Tragleinen wird so beseitigt, dass die Rippe aus dem Ge¬ webe diagonal ausgeschnitten und an der Stelle der Trag- seilanbindung mit einer Versteifung in der Rippengesamt- höhe versehen ist.The longitudinal waviness of the supporting rib between the supporting lines is eliminated in such a way that the rib is cut out diagonally from the fabric and is provided with stiffening in the overall height of the rib at the point of the connecting cable connection.
Eine vollkommenere Form der Tragfläche wird weiter da¬ mit erreicht, dass die Luftzuströmöffnungen mittels GittersA more perfect shape of the aerofoil is further achieved with the air inflow openings using grids
ERSATZBLATT mit einigen gegenseitig sich überlappenden Rückschlagklap¬ pen gebildet werden. Geöffnet ist die Klappe, unter der der grösste Staudruck herrscht, die benachbarten Klappen sind durch den inneren Überdruck geschlossen.REPLACEMENT LEAF with some mutually overlapping check valves. The flap under which the greatest dynamic pressure prevails is open, the neighboring flaps are closed due to the internal overpressure.
Liste und Beschreibung der AbbildungenList and description of the images
Fig. 1 - Charakteristische Form der Kappen der bestehenden ParagleiternFig. 1 - Characteristic shape of the caps of the existing paragliders
Fig. 2 - Deformierte ProfilformFig. 2 - Deformed profile shape
Fig. 3 - Paragleiterkappe gemäss Erfindung Fig. 4 - Paragleiterkappe aus Sicht in Richtung des zuflies¬ senden LuftströmesFig. 3 - Paraglider cap according to the invention. Fig. 4 - Paraglider cap from the direction of the inflowing air flow
Fig. 5 - Ausführung der tragenden RippeFig. 5 - Execution of the supporting rib
Fig. 6 - Kammerbeendung auf der Hinterkante - Variante IFig. 6 - Chamber termination on the rear edge - variant I
Fig. 7 - Kammerbeendung auf der Hinterkante - Variante II Fig. 8 - Zuströmöffnungen mit KlappenFig. 7 - Chamber end on the rear edge - variant II Fig. 8 - Inflow openings with flaps
Auf der Fig. 1 ist die charakteristische Kappeform der bekannten Paragleitertypen im Querschnitt - senkrecht zur Flugrichtung abgebildet und auf der Fig. 2 im Längs¬ schnitt - parallel zur Flugrichtung. Der Schnitt A-A wird durch die tragende Rippe geführt, der Schnitt B-B zwischen den Rippen. Die Tragfläche - Kappe wird durch Untersegel _ und Obersegel 5_ gebildet, die miteinander durch tragende Rippen 1_ verbunden sind, wie es in dem linken Teil der Fig. 1 aufgezeichnet ist, eventuell noch durch Hilfsrippen _8_, die zwischen den tragenden Rippen 1_ angebracht sind. Zwei anliegende Rippen ]_, eventuell Rippen 1_ und _ und Se¬ gelabschnitte _5 und _ zwischen ihnen bilden die einzelnen Kammern 1_1 aus. Die Kammern sind untereinander mittels_ nicht aufgezeichneter Öffnungen in Rippen verbunden. Der1 shows the characteristic cap shape of the known paraglider types in cross-section - perpendicular to the direction of flight and in FIG. 2 in longitudinal section - parallel to the direction of flight. Section A-A is passed through the supporting rib, section B-B between the ribs. The airfoil cap is formed by lower sail _ and upper sail 5_, which are connected to one another by supporting ribs 1_, as is recorded in the left part of FIG. 1, possibly also by auxiliary ribs _8_, which are attached between the supporting ribs 1_. Two adjacent ribs] _, possibly ribs 1_ and _ and seal sections _5 and _ between them form the individual chambers 1_1. The chambers are connected to one another by means of openings (not shown) in ribs. The
SATZBLATT Endteil der Kappe kann mit Randkörper _2_, eventuell mit Endfläche aus einfachem Gewebe, die den induzierten Wi¬ derstand der Tragfläche vermindern, beendet sein.SET BLADE End part of the cap can be terminated with edge body _2_, possibly with an end face made of simple tissue, which reduce the induced resistance of the wing.
Durch die punktuelle Belastung von Tragleinen _, 2_, _, _ durch die stetige Belastung von aerodynamischen Kräf¬ ten und durch inneren Überdruck von Staudruck der Luft, die in die Zuströmöffnungen 1_0_ mit einer Geschwindigkeit w fliesst, wird die Kappe deformiert. In der Querrichtung sind die einzelnen Kammern ausgebaucht, so dass die Pro- fildicke schwankt, in' der Längsrichtung kommt es zur Pro¬ filwölbung in Abschnitten zwischen den Tragleinen. Die grösste Profildeformation macht sich an der Hinterkante 14 bemerkbar, die sich rundet. Alle diese Deformationen der Profilform vergrössern den Widerstand und vermindern den Auftrieb der Tragfläche.The cap is deformed by the selective loading of suspension lines _, 2_, _, _ by the constant loading of aerodynamic forces and by internal overpressure of the dynamic pressure of the air flowing into the inflow openings 1_0_. In the transverse direction of the individual chambers are bulged such that the product fildicke vary in 'the longitudinal direction it comes to Pro¬ filwölbung in portions between the support lines. The greatest profile deformation is noticeable at the trailing edge 14, which is rounded. All these deformations of the profile shape increase the resistance and reduce the lift of the wing.
Beispiele der ErfindungsausführunExamples of the invention
Auf der Fig. 3 ist axonometrische Sicht auf Paraglei¬ ter gemäss Erfindung mit Aufzeichnung der tragenden Rippe im Teilschnitt. Auf der Fig. 4 ist die Kappeform gezeichnet, charakte¬ ristisch dadurch, dass die Tragfläche, gebogen in einen Bo¬ gen mit einem mittleren Radius R, am Ende der Spannweite in einen Bogen mit Radius _ übergeht, wo _ ungefähr 10 x klei¬ ner als R ist und das Ende der Tragfläche in Punkt der Aufhängung _ gerichtet ist. Als R wird die mittlere Länge der Seile 2_ in zweiter Reihe von der Vorderkante \_ genommen. Die gesamte Tragfläche wird so eingestellt, dass in einem beliebigen senkrechten Schnitt durch die Tragfläche in Längsrichtung das Profil zum zufliessenden Luftstrom unter dem Anstellwinkel c_. eingestellt ist, womit ein Auftrieb auch an Enden der Tragfläche entsteht, dessen Ergebnis ein Zug in den Randtragleinen __ und ein Querzug in Segel ist. Infolge dieses zusätzlichen Querzuges vermin-3 shows an axonometric view of a paraglider according to the invention with a recording of the supporting rib in a partial section. The cap shape is drawn on FIG. 4, characteristically in that the wing, bent into an arc with an average radius R, merges at the end of the span into an arc with a radius _, where _ approximately 10 × small ner than R and the end of the wing is directed at the point of suspension _. As R, the average length of the ropes 2_ is taken in the second row from the front edge \ _. The entire wing is set so that in any vertical section through the wing in the longitudinal direction the profile to the inflowing air flow at the angle of attack c_. is set, which creates a lift at the ends of the wing, the result of which is a pull in the marginal ropes __ and a transverse pull in sail. As a result of this additional transverse pull,
ERSATZBLATT dert sich die Ausbauchung des Obersegeis zwischen jeder Rippe erheblich..REPLACEMENT LEAF the bulging of the top section between each rib changes considerably.
Auf der Fig. 5 ist die Ausführung der tragenden Rippe 1_ aufgezeichnet, die aus dem Gewebe so ausgeschnitten ist, dass die Kett- und Schussfäden 2_ die Profilsehne 2_7 un¬ gefähr unter einem Winkel von 45*schneiden. Die Rippen sind über die Ankerstellen der Tragseile (1), (2), (3), (4) durch Versteifungen 1_ aus dickerem Gewebe, am besten in der gesamten Profilhöhe, verstärkt, die sich in Richtung zum Obersegel verjüngen. In diese Versteifungen werden die Kräfte aus Obersegel _5 über Kett- und Schussfäden 2_8 des Rippengewebes übertragen und praktisch jeder Punkt des oberen Rippenumrisses wird auf dieser Art und Weise genau fixiert und es kommt zu keinen auf der Fig. 2 beschriebenen Rippendeformationen.5 shows the design of the supporting rib 1_, which is cut out of the fabric in such a way that the warp and weft threads 2_ cut the chord 2_7 approximately at an angle of 45 * . The ribs are reinforced via the anchor points of the carrying cables (1), (2), (3), (4) by stiffeners 1_ made of thicker fabric, preferably in the entire profile height, which taper towards the top sail. The forces from the upper sail _5 are transmitted into these stiffeners via warp and weft threads 2_8 of the rib fabric and practically every point of the upper rib outline is precisely fixed in this way and there is no rib deformation described in FIG. 2.
Auf der Fig. 6 ist in einer axonometrischen Sicht die Form der Tragfläche in der Höhe der Hinterkante JL4_, aus¬ gedrückt durch Aufzeichnung der Quermantellinien des Se¬ gels, aufgezeichnet. Die Rippe 1_ oder _8_ endet vor der Hin- terkante _14_, im Punkt 2_1 im Abstand kleiner als 1/2 der Rippenweite. Vom Punkt 2_ führen in Richtung zur Hinter¬ kante 1_4 zwei auseinanderlaufende Nähte 2_2, die Ober- und Untersegel in eine Fläche verbinden. Die Kammern verjün¬ gen sich dadurch, am besten bis zur Spitze auf der Hin- terkante und zwischen ihnen bleibt eine dünne gerade Flä¬ che 2_3. Damit wird eine aerodynamisch günstige scharfe Hinterkante erreicht.6 shows an axonometric view of the shape of the wing at the height of the trailing edge JL4_, expressed by recording the transverse jacket lines of the angel. Rib 1_ or _8_ ends before the rear edge _14_, at point 2_1 at a distance less than 1/2 of the rib width. From point 2_, two diverging seams 2_2 lead towards the rear edge 1_4, which connect the upper and lower sails into one surface. The chambers taper as a result, ideally to the tip on the rear edge and between them a thin straight surface 2_3 remains. This creates an aerodynamically favorable sharp rear edge.
Auf der Fig. 7 befindet sich ein anderes Beispiel der Ausführung der Hinterkante, wann die Rippen 1_ oάex _ in Abwechslung auf der Hinterkante und vor ihr enden und die Segel verbindende Nähte vom Ende einer Rippe zum Ende der benachbarten Rippe verlaufen.7 shows another example of the design of the trailing edge, when the ribs 1_ oάex _ alternate on the trailing edge and in front of it and the seams connecting the sails run from the end of one rib to the end of the adjacent rib.
Auf der Fig. 8 sind die durch das Gitter 2_ gebilde¬ ten Luftzuströmöffnungen:, aufgebrachte auf dem unteren Segel, zwischen zumindest einigen Rippen, aufgezeichnet. Das Gitter 2Λ_ reicht von der Vorderkante _13_ des profils ungefähr bis zur ersten Reihe von Seilen JL. Die Gitter¬ breite ist kleiner als der Abstand zwischen den benach- barten Rippen. Auf das Gitter 2_ sind mit Vorderkanten die Klappen __ angenäht, die sich gegenseitig überlappen. Die Klappen sind breiter als der Rippenabstand und sind nach oben längs der Rippen gebogen, zu denen sie angenäht sind. Die Naht ist so geführt, dass sie in dem Klappen- Vorderteil, wo die Klappe mit Gitter verbunden ist,nah des Untersegels anfängt und im Hinterteil bei dem freien Klappenende vom Untersegel entfernt ist. So ausgeführte Klappe leistet einen minimalen Widerstand beim Durchfluss auch einer grossen Luftmenge während des Starts und in der geschlossenen Stellung ist sie geeignet fixiert. Das System von einigen sich überlappenden Klappen sichert die Füllung der Tragfläche mit einem maximalen Staudruck des Luftströmes, auch wenn der Punkt des maximalen Druc¬ kes seinen Abstand von der Vorderkante in Abhängigkeit vom Anstellwinkel verändert. Geöffnet ist die Klappe, die sich über die Stelle des maximalen Druckes befindet, alle anderen sind geschlossen.. On the Figure 8, the gebilde¬ through the grid 2_ th air inlets:, applied to the lower Sails, recorded between at least some ribs. The grid 2Λ_ extends approximately from the front edge _13_ of the profile to the first row of ropes JL. The grid width is smaller than the distance between the adjacent ribs. The flaps __, which overlap each other, are sewn onto the grid 2_ with leading edges. The flaps are wider than the rib spacing and are bent up along the ribs to which they are sewn. The seam is guided in such a way that it begins in the front part of the flap, where the flap is connected to the grid, near the lower sail and in the rear part at the free end of the flap it is removed from the lower sail. The flap thus designed provides minimal resistance to the flow even of a large amount of air during take-off and is suitably fixed in the closed position. The system of a few overlapping flaps ensures that the wing is filled with a maximum dynamic pressure of the air flow, even if the point of the maximum pressure changes its distance from the leading edge depending on the angle of attack. The flap, which is above the point of maximum pressure, is open, all others are closed.
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Paragleiter, dessen Kappe aus flexiblem Material aus Obersegel und Untersegel besteht, die miteinander mittels Rippen in Form des Flügelprofils verbunden sind, die den inneren Kapperaum .in einzelne Kammern, gefüllte mit Luft durch Zuströmöffnungen nah der Vor¬ derkante, wo die Klappe im Querschnitt eine dem Teil des Kreisbogens ähnliche Form aufweist, teilen, gekenn¬ zeichnet dadurch, dass die Kappetragfläche auf den En- den der Spannweite mit einem Radius (r) gebogen ist, wobei (r) in einer beliebigen Stelle des Bogens nicht kleiner als 1/12 des mittleren Radius (R) der Kappe ist. und/oder sind die Kammern so gestaltet, dass zumin¬ dest einige Rippen (7) oder (8) vor der Hinterkante (14) der Tragfläche im Abstand grosser als 1/2 des Rippenab¬ standes enden, wobei vom Punkt (21) ,- wo die Rippe endet, in Richtung zur Hinterkante zwei auseinanderlaufende Nähte (22) geführt werden, die Ober- und Untersegel in eine Fläche (23) verbinden und verjüngen so die Kammern (22) , günstig bis zur Spitze auf der Hinterkante. und/oder sind die tragenden Rippen (7) an den Stellen der Tragseilenanbindung (1), (2), (3), (4) mit Verstei¬ fungen versehen, die mehr als 80% der zu gehörigen Rippenhöhe einnehmen, wobei die Schuss - und Kettfäden (28) des Gewebes, aus dem die Rippen gefertigt sind, diagonal zur Profilsehne (27) orientiert sind. und/oder ist die Luftzuströmöffnung (10) mit einem Gitter (24) versehen, zu welchem von Innerem der Kam¬ mern (11) flexible, sich günstig in Richtung von der Vorderkante (13) aus zur Hinterkante (14) der Kappe überlappende Klappen (25) angeschlossen sind.1. Paraglider, the cap of which consists of flexible material consisting of the upper sail and lower sail, which are connected to one another by means of ribs in the form of the wing profile, which separate the inner cap space into individual chambers, filled with air through inflow openings near the leading edge, where the flap in the Cross-section has a shape similar to that of the part of the circular arc, divided, characterized in that the cap bearing surface is curved with a radius (r) at the ends of the span, where (r) is not less than 1 at any point on the arc / 12 of the mean radius (R) of the cap. and / or the chambers are designed such that at least some ribs (7) or (8) end in front of the rear edge (14) of the wing at a distance greater than 1/2 of the rib spacing, with point (21), - Where the rib ends, two diverging seams (22) are guided in the direction of the trailing edge, connecting the top and bottom sails into a surface (23) and thus tapering the chambers (22), favorably to the top on the trailing edge. and / or the supporting ribs (7) are provided with stiffeners at the points of the suspension cable connection (1), (2), (3), (4), which take up more than 80% of the associated rib height, the weft - And warp threads (28) of the fabric from which the ribs are made, are oriented diagonally to the chord (27). and / or the air inflow opening (10) is provided with a grille (24), to which from inside the chambers (11) flexible flaps which overlap favorably in the direction from the front edge (13) to the rear edge (14) of the cap (25) are connected.
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF
2. Paragleiter nach Punkt 1 gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Versteifungen (18) der tragenden Rippen (7) , über Aufhängung der Tragseilen (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) in Rich¬ tung zum Obersegel (5) eine sich vermindernde Steifig- keit aufweisen.2. Paraglider according to point 1, characterized in that the stiffeners (18) of the supporting ribs (7), via suspension of the supporting cables (1), (2), (3), (4) in the direction of the upper sail (5) have a decreasing stiffness.
3. Paragleiter nach Punkt 1 gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Klappen (25) breiter als die Breite der Kammer (11) sind und ihr überragender Teil nach oben längs der Rippe (7) oder (8) gebogen ist und die Verbindung mit der Rippe vom Untersegel (6) nahe der Vorderkante der Klappe (25) schräg nach oben geführt wird.3. Paraglider according to point 1, characterized in that the flaps (25) are wider than the width of the chamber (11) and their projecting part is bent upwards along the rib (7) or (8) and the connection with the rib from Lower sail (6) near the front edge of the flap (25) is guided obliquely upwards.
ERSATZBLATT BezugszeichenREPLACEMENT LEAF Reference numerals
Tragleine 1Lanyard 1
Tragleine 2Lanyard 2
Tragleine 3Lanyard 3
Tragleine 4Lanyard 4
Obersegel 5Upper sail 5
Untersegel 6Bottom sail 6
Rippe 7Rib 7
Hilfsrippe 8Auxiliary rib 8
Aufhängung 9Suspension 9
Zuströmöffnung 10Inflow opening 10
Kammer 11Chamber 11
Randkörper 12Edge body 12
Vorderkante 13Leading edge 13
Hinterkante 14Trailing edge 14
Randtragleine 17Edge support line 17
Versteifung 18Stiffening 18
Punkt 21Point 21
Naht 22Seam 22
Fläche 23Area 23
Gitter 24Grid 24
Klappe 25Flap 25
Profilsehne 26Chord 26
Kett- und Schussfaden 28Warp and weft 28
Radius RRadius R
Radius rRadius r
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF
PCT/CS1991/000001 1990-10-05 1991-10-07 Paraglider WO1992006004A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS904842A CS484290A3 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 Parachute glider
CSPV4842-90 1990-10-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992006004A1 true WO1992006004A1 (en) 1992-04-16

Family

ID=5392082

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CS1991/000001 WO1992006004A1 (en) 1990-10-05 1991-10-07 Paraglider

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8541091A (en)
CS (1) CS484290A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1992006004A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0683096A1 (en) 1994-05-17 1995-11-22 Michael Campbell-Jones Paraglider
EP1257464A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2002-11-20 Peter Robert Lynn Ram air inflated wing
FR3008381A1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-16 Jean Luc Hauser INFLATABLE AERODYNAMIC PROFILE FOR ANY VEHICLE DEVICE OR VELIC PROPULSION

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0023137A2 (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-01-28 Andrew Wilfrid Jones Aerofoil structure
FR2564060A1 (en) * 1984-05-10 1985-11-15 France Parachutes PARACHUTE COMPRISING A WING-SHAPED VEIL
US4684082A (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-08-04 Gargano William L B Parachute suspension line attachment structure
DE3844070A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1989-06-22 Fessler Gerhard Dipl Ing Fh Valve flap system for paragliders
US4930728A (en) * 1989-04-21 1990-06-05 Whittington George R Ram air aerial device with lower skin pressure regulator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0023137A2 (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-01-28 Andrew Wilfrid Jones Aerofoil structure
FR2564060A1 (en) * 1984-05-10 1985-11-15 France Parachutes PARACHUTE COMPRISING A WING-SHAPED VEIL
US4684082A (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-08-04 Gargano William L B Parachute suspension line attachment structure
DE3844070A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1989-06-22 Fessler Gerhard Dipl Ing Fh Valve flap system for paragliders
US4930728A (en) * 1989-04-21 1990-06-05 Whittington George R Ram air aerial device with lower skin pressure regulator

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0683096A1 (en) 1994-05-17 1995-11-22 Michael Campbell-Jones Paraglider
EP1257464A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2002-11-20 Peter Robert Lynn Ram air inflated wing
EP1257464A4 (en) * 2000-02-10 2003-05-07 Peter Robert Lynn Ram air inflated wing
FR3008381A1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-16 Jean Luc Hauser INFLATABLE AERODYNAMIC PROFILE FOR ANY VEHICLE DEVICE OR VELIC PROPULSION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8541091A (en) 1992-04-28
CS484290A3 (en) 1992-04-15

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