EP0144846B1 - Pièce moulée et frittée pour pièces de contact pour interrupteurs à vide et méthode de sa fabrication - Google Patents

Pièce moulée et frittée pour pièces de contact pour interrupteurs à vide et méthode de sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144846B1
EP0144846B1 EP84113919A EP84113919A EP0144846B1 EP 0144846 B1 EP0144846 B1 EP 0144846B1 EP 84113919 A EP84113919 A EP 84113919A EP 84113919 A EP84113919 A EP 84113919A EP 0144846 B1 EP0144846 B1 EP 0144846B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impregnation
temperature
matrix
melting
sintering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84113919A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0144846A2 (fr
EP0144846A3 (en
Inventor
Ilgmar Dr.-Ing. Kalning
Hans-Peter Dipl.-Ing. Bahder
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Deja
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden
Original Assignee
VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden filed Critical VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden
Priority to AT84113919T priority Critical patent/ATE34873T1/de
Publication of EP0144846A2 publication Critical patent/EP0144846A2/fr
Publication of EP0144846A3 publication Critical patent/EP0144846A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0144846B1 publication Critical patent/EP0144846B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
    • H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr

Definitions

  • the invention relates to molded sintered bodies for vacuum switch contacts and to a method for their production in which the sintered material is first produced from a metal powder which forms the matrix and has a high melting point by mixing, pressing and sintering, and then impregnating the matrix with an impregnating material having a lower melting point.
  • Such switch contacts are particularly suitable for vacuum switches in medium-voltage networks with high breaking capacities.
  • a method for producing contacts for vacuum switches or vacuum spark gaps is already known, in which a skeleton body is produced by pressing and sintering a high-melting metal powder, on the surface of which a plate made of an impregnating material with a lower melting point is then placed, whereupon this unit is under vacuum held at a temperature below the melting temperature of the first melting metal until the traces of oxygen are removed from the surface of the metals. The temperature is then increased to the melting temperature of the metal with the lower melting temperature, the pores being filled with the impregnating material.
  • the skeletal body consists of chrome, the impregnation material made of copper, silver or a copper alloy that contains ⁇ 0.3% zirconium, tantalum or titanium (DE-A-1 2521 504).
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying shaped sintered bodies for vacuum switch contacts and a method for their production, the above disadvantages not occurring and switch contact pieces of high conductivity being obtainable by a simpler procedure in which a dissolution of the high-melting matrix material in the lower-melting impregnating material is prevented.
  • the sintered shaped bodies according to the invention for vacuum switch contacts consist of a sintered, high-melting matrix material and a lower-melting impregnation material which surrounds the crystallites of the matrix material, and are characterized in that the crystallites of the matrix material are surrounded by a layer which consists at least partially of a binary eutectic, the one component consists of the impregnating material and its other component consists of an additional material.
  • the layer surrounding the crystallites of the matrix material preferably or predominantly consists exclusively of the eutectic.
  • the pairwise superposed moldings are introduced into a vacuum furnace and, after evacuating to a pressure of 10- 2 Pa at 1050 ° C for 2 to a conditional by the low-melting eutectic Cu-B liquid phase with simultaneous degassing h sintered to form.
  • a metallurgical reaction leads to the formation of chromium boride.
  • the temperature is then raised to 1150 ° C. and kept at this value for 1 h.
  • the overlay melts and penetrates into the sintered body with further degassing.
  • the vacuum oven is then cooled to 900 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 2 hours.
  • the boron is separated from the eutectic alloy Cu-B in the form of a finely dispersed structural component.
  • the proportion of dissolved chromium that is severely restricted by the chromium boride formed is likewise finely dispersed from the impregnating alloy, so that the highly conductive copper is available without restrictions in the contact for the power line.
  • the remaining amount of the impregnation material used which is at least equivalent to the determined pore volume, can be placed on the compact in the form of a compact plate.
  • the sintering process is carried out at a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the impregnation material, but at least at a temperature at which the filler material and the impregnation material form a eutectic.
  • a degassing of the sintered body takes place simultaneously under the action of vacuum at a pressure ⁇ 10 2 Pa.
  • the formation of a liquid phase also has a sinter-promoting effect.
  • the surface tension of the impregnation material, which is reduced by the filler material has the effect that the impregnation material is already sucked into fine pores and the subsequent impregnation is positively influenced.
  • the filler material undergoes a metallurgical reaction with the higher-melting matrix material, with a coherent, coherent surface layer surrounding the matrix material, which in turn inhibits dissolution processes between the matrix material and the impregnation material flowing in during the subsequent impregnation process.
  • the temperature is increased to at least the melting temperature of the impregnation material and the specified time is kept at this temperature, as a result of which the pores are filled to a residual pore content of 1% with simultaneous further degassing of the sintered body.
  • the filler material made of the eutectic alloy and the possibly small amount of dissolved matrix material are finely dispersed due to the decreasing solubility in the impregnation material as the temperature decreases. These excretions cause embrittlement of the phase boundary of the matrix material and impregnation material and thus inhibit the tendency to weld.

Landscapes

  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Claims (8)

1 °) Procédé pour la fabrication de pièces moulées, frittées pour des pièces de contact d'interrupteurs sous vide, dans lequel la matière frittée est préparée d'abord à partir d'une poudre métallique formant la matrice à haut point de fusion, par mélange, pressage en une pièce moulée, et frittage, suivi de l'imprégnation de la matrice avec une matière d'imprégnation dont le point de fusion est plus bas, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes:
a) mise en oeuvre d'une poudre à presser faite d'un mélange de:_
- la quantité totale de la matière en poudre à haut point de fusion qui constitue la matrice,
- une partie de la matière d'imprégnation, dans une proportion de 30 à 70% en masse, calculée sur la masse totale de la matière d'imprégnation, ainsi que d'une substance additionnelle qui, à la température de frittage, forme avec la matière d'imprégnation un eutectique, et qui réalise avec la matière de la matrice, une réaction métallurgique, de sorte qu'il se forme une couche superficielle cohérente qui enrobe la matière de la matrice, et qui se sépare par dispersion de la matière d'imprégnation, la proportion de cet additif étant de 1 5% en masse, calculé sur la masse totale du contact,
b) apport du reste de la quantité de la matière d'imprégnation sous forme de dépôt sur la pièce moulée pressée auparavant,
c) frittage, à une température qui est inférieure à la température de fusion de la matière d'imprégnation, toutefois, au moins à la température de l'eutectique qui se forme à partir de la matière d'imprégnation et de la matière d'addition, et maintien de cette température pendant au moins 1 heure,
d) exécution de l'imprégnation à, ou au-dessus de la température de fusion de la matière d'imprégnation pendant au moins 30 minutes, ainsi que
e) traitement thermique de la pièce moulée à une température de 100 à 250 k inférieure à la température de frittage, pendant une durée de traitement supérieure à 1 heure.
2°) Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que comme substance d'addition, on utilise le bore.
3°) Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le frittage, l'imprégnation et le traitement thermique sont exécutés en un cycle unique ininterrompu.
4°) Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise une poudre métallique dont la grosseur de particules est de 0,1 à 0,16 mm.
5°) Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la matière d'imprégnation apportée est pressée au cours du moulage.
6°) Pièce moulée frittée pour interrupteurs sous vide à base d'une matière formant la matrice à haut point de fusion, frittée, et d'une matière d'imprégnation dont le point de fusion est plus bas, et qui enrobe les cristallites de la matière de la matrice, caractérisée en ce que les cristallites de la matière, qui constitue la matrice, sont enrobés par une couche qui est constituée au moins partiellement par un eutectique binaire dont l'un des composants est constitué par la matière d'imprégnation, et l'autre composant, par une substance d'addition.
7°) Pièce moulée et frittée suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la couche entourant les cristallites de la matière de la matrice est constituée principalement par l'eutectique.
8°) Pièce moulée et frittée suivant l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisée en ce que la couche enrobant les cristallites de la matière de la matrice est constituée exclusivement par l'eutectique.
EP84113919A 1983-12-12 1984-11-16 Pièce moulée et frittée pour pièces de contact pour interrupteurs à vide et méthode de sa fabrication Expired EP0144846B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84113919T ATE34873T1 (de) 1983-12-12 1984-11-16 Sinterformkoerper fuer vakuumschalterkontaktstuecke und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD83257796A DD219619A1 (de) 1983-12-12 1983-12-12 Verfahren zur herstellung von sinterwerkstoffen fuer vakuumschalterkontaktstuecke
DD257796 1983-12-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0144846A2 EP0144846A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0144846A3 EP0144846A3 (en) 1986-01-02
EP0144846B1 true EP0144846B1 (fr) 1988-06-01

Family

ID=5552815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84113919A Expired EP0144846B1 (fr) 1983-12-12 1984-11-16 Pièce moulée et frittée pour pièces de contact pour interrupteurs à vide et méthode de sa fabrication

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0144846B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60149702A (fr)
AT (1) ATE34873T1 (fr)
DD (1) DD219619A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3471806D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19933111A1 (de) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Vakuumkammer und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vakuumkammer
DE19960876A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-06-21 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstückrohlings und eines Kontaktstückes sowie ein Kontaktstückrohling, ein Kontaktstück und eine Kontaktstückanordnung für Axialmagnetfeldanwendungen in einer Vakuumkammer
DE10010723A1 (de) * 2000-03-04 2001-09-13 Metalor Contacts Deutschland G Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktwerkstoffes für Kontaktstücke für Vakuumschaltgeräte sowie Kontaktwerkstoff und Kontaktstücke hierfür

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4699763A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker contact containing silver and graphite fibers
JP2632886B2 (ja) * 1987-12-22 1997-07-23 川崎製鉄株式会社 複相組織焼結体の製造方法
DE19537657A1 (de) * 1995-10-10 1997-04-17 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstückes

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2310317A1 (de) * 1973-03-01 1974-09-05 Siemens Ag Mehrbereichskontakt fuer vakuumschaltroehren
GB1459475A (en) * 1974-05-23 1976-12-22 English Electric Co Ltd Manufacture of contact ekements for vacuum interrupters
US3960554A (en) * 1974-06-03 1976-06-01 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Powdered metallurgical process for forming vacuum interrupter contacts
US4190753A (en) * 1978-04-13 1980-02-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. High-density high-conductivity electrical contact material for vacuum interrupters and method of manufacture

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MONOGRAPHIE M.HANSEN, CONSTITUTION OF BINARY ALLOYS, 2nd Edition, Mc.Graw-Hill Book Company,Inc. 1958 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19933111A1 (de) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Vakuumkammer und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vakuumkammer
DE19960876A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-06-21 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstückrohlings und eines Kontaktstückes sowie ein Kontaktstückrohling, ein Kontaktstück und eine Kontaktstückanordnung für Axialmagnetfeldanwendungen in einer Vakuumkammer
DE10010723A1 (de) * 2000-03-04 2001-09-13 Metalor Contacts Deutschland G Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktwerkstoffes für Kontaktstücke für Vakuumschaltgeräte sowie Kontaktwerkstoff und Kontaktstücke hierfür
DE10010723B4 (de) * 2000-03-04 2005-04-07 Metalor Technologies International Sa Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktwerkstoff-Halbzeuges für Kontaktstücke für Vakuumschaltgeräte sowie Kontaktwerkstoff-Halbzeuge und Kontaktstücke für Vakuumschaltgeräte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60149702A (ja) 1985-08-07
ATE34873T1 (de) 1988-06-15
EP0144846A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0144846A3 (en) 1986-01-02
DE3471806D1 (en) 1988-07-07
DD219619A1 (de) 1985-03-06

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