EP0140199B1 - Dispositif pour compenser les composantes de polarisation croisée dans une antenne à réflecteur courbe et source primaire décentrée - Google Patents

Dispositif pour compenser les composantes de polarisation croisée dans une antenne à réflecteur courbe et source primaire décentrée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0140199B1
EP0140199B1 EP84111834A EP84111834A EP0140199B1 EP 0140199 B1 EP0140199 B1 EP 0140199B1 EP 84111834 A EP84111834 A EP 84111834A EP 84111834 A EP84111834 A EP 84111834A EP 0140199 B1 EP0140199 B1 EP 0140199B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wave
correction signal
coupler
waveguide feed
curved reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84111834A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0140199A2 (fr
EP0140199A3 (en
Inventor
Uwe Dipl.-Ing. Leupelt
Anton Dipl.-Ing. Giefing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT84111834T priority Critical patent/ATE55848T1/de
Publication of EP0140199A2 publication Critical patent/EP0140199A2/fr
Publication of EP0140199A3 publication Critical patent/EP0140199A3/de
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Publication of EP0140199B1 publication Critical patent/EP0140199B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/132—Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for compensating for disturbing cross polarization components caused by the deflection on a curved reflector in an antenna provided for linear polarization, on the curved reflector of which is radiated laterally by a primary radiator designed as a horn or waveguide radiator, in the waveguide feed of which waves one are excited in comparison to the fundamental wave of a higher wave type, which have the same amplitudes in the opposite phase position as the waves of the wave type which would produce the same disruptive cross-polarization components as those caused by the curved reflector.
  • a combination of a curved reflector and an off-set horn emitter is often used.
  • a reflector is usually a section of a surface of revolution that is generated by a conic curve.
  • a focal point of the reflector usually coincides with the phase center of the horn.
  • Such arrangements are either used as separate antennas for directional radio, e.g. in the form of horn parabolic antennas and shell antennas, or also for feeding large reflector antennas in satellite radio, for example as a horn parabolic or with a beam waveguide.
  • Typical of the radiation behavior of these laterally fed reflectors in linear polarization is a relatively high proportion of cross polarization in the diagram plane of the far field diagram that is assigned to the transverse plane perpendicular to the symmetry plane of the reflector.
  • the aperture field created after the reflection at the reflector is polarized in parallel and has no cross-polarized components. If the radiator axis is inclined against the reflector axis when the power is supplied from the side, the aperture field is distorted in such a way that cross-polarized field components now occur.
  • the far field distribution belonging to such an aperture field shows a cross-polarized diagram with a zero in the axial direction or in the plane of symmetry and with relatively high maxima of the cross-polarization (typically about -18 dB) in the orthogonal plane.
  • the configuration of the undesired cross-polarized components in the cross-sectional plane of the free field after the reflector can also be described by a spectrum of higher wave types, which are excited by the reflector in addition to the existing basic wave type (analogy to the excitation of higher wave types in waveguides due to impurities). If such a distorted field, which has arisen from an originally cross-polarization-free wave by deflection at the reflector, occurs on the aperture of a waveguide radiator arranged at the location of the focal point, then correspondingly higher wave types can also be excited in waveguides. They can spread out in waveguides until the cross section becomes too small. From then on, these wave types are reflected. However, the cross section can often not be made so small, e.g. Modes with limit frequencies similar to those of the interference modes are used for direction finding purposes.
  • the principle of compensating the frequency and polarization-dependent cross-polarization components in a laterally fed reflector antenna is known and consists in the excitation of a corresponding antiphase wave type of the same amplitude by means of measures in the feed waveguide or in the primary radiator itself.
  • the field generated by the primary radiator becomes that of the Deflection reflector optimally adapted in the sense of compensation.
  • the prerequisite here is that the primary radiator used already delivers correspondingly low cross-polarization contributions.
  • a method for field design in a horn antenna is known.
  • a microwave signal is fed to an input line of a power divider during operation, which divides this signal into a stub line and a hybrid arrangement.
  • the hybrid arrangement feeds signals of opposite polarity to two longitudinal rods via two coaxial lines in order to create a TEM along the rods.
  • the TEM wave excites a TMri wave.
  • a TE ri wave is excited in the branch line, which passes through the horn.
  • the amplitude and phase relationships of the TE ,, and TM ,, waves at the aperture can be controlled in order to obtain the desired field distribution.
  • this known method for field design does not serve to compensate for frequency and polarization-dependent cross-polarization components in an antenna with a curved reflector and a laterally radiating primary radiator, but rather to generate special radiation diagrams of a horn antenna.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve broadband compensation of the frequency and polarization-dependent cross-polarization components in a laterally fed reflector antenna with relatively simple means.
  • this object is achieved in that in the waveguide feed of the primary radiator, a mode coupler constructed in the manner of a DF shaft coupler is installed, which has an external signal input to which a correction signal is applied, which excites the compensating wave of the higher wave type in the waveguide feed that the correction signal applied to the outer signal input of the mode coupler is taken from the output of an external correction signal path, in the course of which a broadband effect, ie Frequency-matched passive phase and amplitude adjusters are arranged, which are dimensioned such that the necessary correction signal characteristic is set over the desired frequency band, and that the correction signal path is connected on its input side via a coupler to the part of the waveguide supply that only guides the fundamental wave in such a way that a Part of the fundamental wave signal is coupled into the correction signal path.
  • a mode coupler constructed in the manner of a DF shaft coupler is installed, which has an external signal input to which a correction signal is applied, which excites the compensating wave of the higher wave type in the waveguide feed that the
  • a special mode coupler which has an external signal input is thus used to excite the compensating higher wave in the feed waveguide.
  • this allows the construction of an external correction signal path, in the course of which broadband effective, i.e. frequency-matched passive phase and amplitude setting elements are installed.
  • broadband effective i.e. frequency-matched passive phase and amplitude setting elements are installed.
  • a predetermined phase and amplitude characteristic is simulated over a wide frequency range, it only having to be permanently set or adjusted once.
  • This signal path is coupled to the fundamental wave signal via the coupler.
  • the method can be used in the round as well as in the rectangular / square waveguide cross-section, with a separate compensation circuit having to be set up for each polarization direction.
  • the correction signal is advantageously set by means of the correction network such that, in addition to the cross-polarization component generated by the reflector in each case, dispersions of the phase positions in the waveguide feed and in the free space and also the properties of the mode coupler are taken into account.
  • the antenna consists of a curved reflector 9 onto which a horn radiator 8 arranged with its feed center in the reflector focal point radiates laterally.
  • the horn 8 is fed via a feed waveguide 7.
  • a certain proportion of the incoming fundamental wave signal is derived via a signal coupler 3 from a part 1 of the feed waveguide that only guides the fundamental wave and is fed via a line 2 to a correction network 4.
  • the circuit contained in the network 4 consists of various damping circuits 11 and phase elements 10 which serve to adjust the amplitude and are dimensioned such that they set the necessary signal characteristics over the desired frequency band.
  • the correction signal taken from the network 4 is then input to an external input 5 of a mode coupler 6 and is coupled there again as a higher wave type into the feed waveguide 7 and emitted together with the fundamental wave from the horn antenna 8 to the reflector 9.
  • the additional signal supplied to the outer input 5 of the mode coupler 6 is such that it compensates for the cross-polarization component generated by the reflector 9, i.e. the correction network 4 must also, for example, dispersions of the phases in the waveguide 7, in free space (near field) and the properties of the mode coupler 6 consider. Examples of corresponding combinations of waveguide shaft types that can be generated in different emitters for compensation are listed in the following table.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Dispositif pour compenser des composantes parasites de polarisation croisée, provoquées par une déviation sur un réflecteur courbe (9), dans une antenne prévue pour une polarisation linéaire et sur le réflecteur courbe de laquelle est envoyé latéralement le rayonnement d'un émetteur primaire (8) réalisé sous la forme d'un émetteur en cornet ou à guide d'ondes, dans la ligne d'arrivée en forme de guide d'ondes (7) duquel sont excitées des types d'onde de rang supérieur à l'onde de base, qui possédant, dans des positions de phase opposées, les mêmes amplitudes que les ondes du type, qui provoquerait les mêmes composantes parasites de polarisation croisée que celles que provoque respectivement le réflecteur courbe, caractérisé par le fait que dans la ligne (7) d'alimentation en forme de guide d'ondes de l'émetteur primaire (8) est monté un coupleur de modes (6) qui est constitué à la manière d'un coupleur d'ondes de repérage et qui possède, pour le signal, une entrée extérieure (5), à laquelle est appliqué un signal de correction qui excite, dans la ligne d'alimentation en forme de guide d'ondes, l'onde, qui réalise respectivement la compensation et qui est d'un type de rang supérieur, que le signal de correction appliqué à l'entrée extérieure (5) du signal du coupleur de modes (6) est prélevé sur la sortie d'une voie extérieure de transmission du signal de correction, le long de laquelle sont disposés, en tant que réseau de correction (4), des circuits passifs de réglage de phase et d'amplitude (10, 11), qui agissent dans une large bande, c'est-à-dire sont adaptés du point de vue des fréquences et qui sont dimensionnés de telle sorte que la caractéristique nécessaire du signal de correction est réglée dans la bande désirée de fréquences, et que la voie de transmission du signal de correction est raccordée, au niveau de son côté entrée (2), par l'intermédiaire d'un coupleur (3), à la partie (1) de la ligne d'alimentation en forme de guide d'ondes, de manière qu'une partie du signal de l'onde de base est injectée par couplage dans la voie de transmission du signal de correction.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que pour chaque direction de polarisation de l'antenne, il est prévu une voie particulière de transmission du signal de correction.
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le signal de correction est réglé à l'aide du réseau de correction (4) de sorte qu'en dehors de la partie de polarisation croisée, produite respectivement par le réflecteur (9), également des dispersions des positions de phase dans la ligne d'alimentation (7) en forme de guide d'ondes et dans l'espace et en outre les propriétés du coupleur de modes (6) sont prises en compte.
EP84111834A 1983-10-06 1984-10-03 Dispositif pour compenser les composantes de polarisation croisée dans une antenne à réflecteur courbe et source primaire décentrée Expired - Lifetime EP0140199B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84111834T ATE55848T1 (de) 1983-10-06 1984-10-03 Einrichtung zur kompensation von kreuzpolarisationskomponenten bei einer antenne mit einem gekruemmten reflektor und einem seitlich einstrahlenden primaerstrahler.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833336418 DE3336418A1 (de) 1983-10-06 1983-10-06 Einrichtung zur kompensation von kreuzpolarisationskomponenten bei einer antenne mit einem gekruemmten reflektor und einem seitlich einstrahlenden primaerstrahler
DE3336418 1983-10-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0140199A2 EP0140199A2 (fr) 1985-05-08
EP0140199A3 EP0140199A3 (en) 1986-07-23
EP0140199B1 true EP0140199B1 (fr) 1990-08-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84111834A Expired - Lifetime EP0140199B1 (fr) 1983-10-06 1984-10-03 Dispositif pour compenser les composantes de polarisation croisée dans une antenne à réflecteur courbe et source primaire décentrée

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0140199B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE55848T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3336418A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60120909T2 (de) 2001-03-22 2007-02-08 Alcatel Doppeltreflektor-Antenne mit Ablenker

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1449265A (fr) * 1965-10-05 1966-08-12 Ass Elect Ind Perfectionnements aux dispositifs d'exploration de faisceaux hyperfréquence
US3413642A (en) * 1966-05-05 1968-11-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Dual mode antenna
CA890032A (en) * 1970-08-10 1972-01-04 Wu Chuang-Jy Microwave horn-paraboloidal antenna
GB1525514A (en) * 1975-10-29 1978-09-20 Rudge A Primary feeds for offset parabolic reflector antennas
JPS5362919A (en) * 1976-11-18 1978-06-05 Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd Axial radio compensator system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE55848T1 (de) 1990-09-15
EP0140199A2 (fr) 1985-05-08
DE3336418C2 (fr) 1987-09-24
DE3336418A1 (de) 1985-05-02
EP0140199A3 (en) 1986-07-23

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