EP0130893A1 - Trägergeschoss für Streumunition - Google Patents

Trägergeschoss für Streumunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0130893A1
EP0130893A1 EP84401310A EP84401310A EP0130893A1 EP 0130893 A1 EP0130893 A1 EP 0130893A1 EP 84401310 A EP84401310 A EP 84401310A EP 84401310 A EP84401310 A EP 84401310A EP 0130893 A1 EP0130893 A1 EP 0130893A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
stack
ammunition
projectile according
munitions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84401310A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0130893B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Robert Fauvel
Philippe Rousseau
Pierre Thebault
Daniel Van Schendel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Original Assignee
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA filed Critical Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Publication of EP0130893A1 publication Critical patent/EP0130893A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0130893B1 publication Critical patent/EP0130893B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile for dispersing ammunition.
  • munitions also called dispersible charges below
  • dispersible charges are intended to be thrown in bulk from a dispersal point located at a certain altitude above the ground.
  • the ammunition then falls to the ground, possibly rolls, bounces, .... before coming to a stop.
  • These are for example mines which will be placed in active position, that is to say armed from the pyrotechnic point of view, after their impact on the ground (although the rest of the description refers to the preferential application of 'mining of an area, this application is not limiting, and the invention can be applied to the dispersal of other types of ammunition).
  • Dispersion assumes that a plurality of charges are carried together by a launch vector, and then dropped or released simultaneously.
  • Other containers for dispersible ammunition are also described in DE-A-2,340,653 and FR-A-2,140,693.
  • One of the aims of the invention is precisely to propose a projectile whose charge is organized in space, at the time of dispersion, in a perfectly reproducible manner and without the use of any container or envelope.
  • the projectile according to the invention precisely allows such very careful control, in time and in space, which is compatible with dispersion at low altitude and high speed.
  • the invention proposes a new organization of the payload, eliminating the drawbacks encountered with dispersible munitions carried in a container.
  • means are also provided for immobilizing the individual munitions in relative rotation, at least in one direction, about the axis of the stack relative to each other, so as to ensure the transmission and the distribution of centrifugal forces undergone by the projectile.
  • the fact that the outer skin of the projectile is made up only of the outer skin of the individual munitions makes it possible to maximize the payload / volume ratio of the projectile; all the more so since the overall dimensions of the projectile are generally imposed a priori, for example by the caliber of the artillery tube in the case where the projectile of the invention is an artillery shell.
  • the aforementioned means for immobilizing the ammunition in relative rotation compared to the others also ensure their immobilization compared to the basic and stubborn elements.
  • these are means connecting the head element to the base element so as to ensure the non-deformability of the assembly formed by the stack and the base elements and of head.
  • these are means capable of connecting, in a separable manner at the time of actuation of the release means, each of the individual munitions to the adjacent ammunition.
  • holding means these advantageously comprise at least two lateral arms each having one of their ends connected to one of the base or head elements by cooperating locking means with the means of liberation.
  • each of the lateral arms is articulated to the other of the base or head elements, so as to allow the arm to pivot and move away from the stack in the transverse direction.
  • the release is thus on the one hand carried out absolutely simultaneously for all the charges, and on the other hand it is almost instantaneous thanks to the fact that the ammunition is simply stacked, and not by example snapped, which would require a minimum time of implementation for mechanical release means.
  • the means connecting the head element to the base element advantageously form cable trays to allow the transmission of information or the supply of energy, at least between one of the base or head elements. and each of the ammunition in the stack; it is thus possible to use them for example to simultaneously charge the mines with energy just before firing and to introduce the operating parameters (delay in activation after impact on the ground, duration of activation, etc.).
  • the energy and the information are for example transmitted from the head element, by means of the lateral arms, to the igniters of each of the mines; the lateral arms can also be used for the transmission of information between the head element and the base element of the stack (for example when the head element comprises guide means serving to control a propellant included in the basic element).
  • the durations of the propelled phase, of the ballistic phase and of the braking phase being chosen so that the projectile has, at the end of the braking phase, a position relative to the target, an orientation and a speed equal to standard values independent of the location of the firing point, so as to ensure the reproducibility of the dispersion from one round of ammunition to another.
  • FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, in which the latter is an artillery shell.
  • This shell comprises a head element 1, a central body 2 and a base element or base 3.
  • the central body 2 consists of a bare stack of a plurality of dispersible charges 4 superimposed with nesting in one another.
  • munitions are for example anti-tank mines, or mixed anti-tank and anti-personnel mines, of dispersible type whose shape allows stacking, for example mines in two articulated parts 4a and 4b (visible in FIG. 2 which represents two nested mines ) whose opening is triggered after impact on the ground so as to allow both the correct positioning of the anti-tank mine (contained in one of the parts) and the dispersion of the anti-personnel mines locked inside.
  • the nesting of ammunition one on the others result from homologous surfaces 4c, 4d, one of which is convex and the other concave.
  • the stack is secured by means of an axial cable 5 connected on the one hand to a point 1a of the head element and on the other hand to a point 3a of the base, and allowing the tensioning of the stack between these two elements.
  • the tension is removed by releasing the cable, for example by conventional pyrotechnic means.
  • a groove 1b is provided allowing the head element to be wedged on the upper ammunition; similarly, a concave profile 3b of the base receives the convex face 4d of the lower munition of the stack.
  • the base 3 is conventionally provided with a belt 6 in which the pitch of the striped core of the barrel tube is imprinted.
  • ramps Another characteristic, particularly advantageous, of the ramps is to allow further dispersion in the axial direction of the individual munitions at the time of release, by simple application (for example by conventional pyrotechnic means) of a torque in the opposite direction of rotation of the projectile in ballistic phase.
  • the ramp effect transforms this torque into an axially oriented force simultaneously ensuring the separation of the battery and the relative distance of the ammunition.
  • peripheral pins 8 In a variant (FIG. 3), the ammunition is blocked in rotation by means of peripheral pins 8. These pins must allow easy separation in the axial direction of the two elements which they connect, their only role here being to ensure the locking in rotation of the various elements constituting the projectile.
  • the number and size of the pins or, in the previous case, the length and height of the ramps, are calculated so as to allow the transmission of centrifugal forces, which can be very important (the speed of rotation of the projectile on itself is commonly around 2000 revolutions / minute).
  • the overall connection between the head element and the base (axial cable 5 of FIG. 1, or other similar means) is replaced by a series of connecting means for each ammunition to the adjacent ammunition, the assembly of the assembly then being ensured step by step and no longer globally.
  • These connecting means may for example be explosive pins 9 shown in Figure 4, replacing the peripheral pins 8 of Figure 3. Unlike the peripheral pins, these pins must ensure the maintenance of ammunition against axial stress also although centrifugal.
  • the release means are then means allowing the simultaneous initiation of all the explosive pins of the projectile. Apart from the removal of the axial cable 5, the structure of the projectile remains the same as before.
  • Figure 5 shows, in elevation, another embodiment of the projectile as a whole.
  • a rocket carrying dispersible charges will be described more particularly, but this application is not limiting; it is also possible to envisage a projectile not comprising its own propellant means, for example a braked bomb carried under an airplane, or in an airborne drop container.
  • the projectile described comprises a warhead 10 forming a head element, a bare stack 20 of a plurality of dispersible charges 21, a base element 30 and finally a propellant stage 40; the stack 20 is secured by lateral arms 50 - rigid or not - forming holding means.
  • the holding means can however be constituted differently, in particular according to the different variants described in connection with the previous embodiment (axial cable connecting the head element to the base element, securing of the assembly by holding the elements close together in close). Similarly, the detail of the means for immobilizing the elements in rotation (ramps, circumferential pins), which will not be repeated here, remains fully applicable.
  • the head element 10 comprises an electronic unit 11 allowing in particular the sequencing of the operation of the projectile, as will be described below.
  • An external socket 12 allows the transmission of energy (energy loading just before firing) and information from the outside to the electronic unit 11, the latter then distributing this energy and this information (as well as the information that he himself worked out) to each of the individual munitions 21 by means of the lateral arms 50 forming a cable tray serving all the mines.
  • these cable trays ensure transmission between the head element 10 and the base element 30 as well as the propellant 40.
  • the lower surface 13 of the head element is designed to adapt by fitting onto the upper munition of the stack; moreover, a spring 14 is provided to facilitate the ejection of the head element at a distance from the stack at the time of release.
  • the stack 20 is made up of individual munitions 21, with homologous upper 21a and lower 21b surfaces, so as to form a nest.
  • the stacking and the immobilization in rotation are carried out in the same manner as in the first embodiment, described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the ammunition can advantageously, here again, be of the type described in the two French applications 83 -10572 and 83-10573 mentioned above.
  • the munitions turn their concave surface or their convex surface forwards, insofar as the nesting function is not modified.
  • the basic element 30 preferably contains a parachute 31 which will, as will be seen later, brake the projectile.
  • the upper surface 32 of the base element is designed to fit inside the lower surface of the last mine in the stack.
  • this basic element also comprises a pyrotechnic extractor 33 capable of causing the separation of this basic element from the propellant 40, this separation being accompanied by the opening of the parachute.
  • the propellant stage 40 is for example a solid fuel propellant 41 further comprising stabilization fins 42, for example articulated to reduce the size of the launching tube of the projectile.
  • the basic element may be a tail element of the bomb base type, with the possibility of a base rocket and wind turbine for arming.
  • the lateral arms 50 which we have seen have a dual mechanical (subjugation of the battery) and electrical (energy transmission) functions and information) have one of their ends 50a connected to the head element 10 and the other end 50b connected to the base element 30.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show the details of these connections: the connection to the head element 10 ( Figure 9 ) is achieved by pins 51 ejectable, this ejection can be achieved for example by pyrotechnic means comprising a charge 52 initiated by a detonator 53: the activation of these detonators will thus cause, almost instantaneously, the dissociation of the head element 10 from the battery 20, the separation being further reinforced by the relaxation of the spring 14.
  • the lower ends 50b of the arms are connected to the base element 30 (FIG. 10) by pins 54 (not ejectable) thus ensuring articulation of the arms at their base on the element 30.
  • the holding means could also consist, for example, of straps stretched between the base element and the head element in order to keep the various elements of the stack under pressure.
  • each of the mines is charged with energy (charging a capacitor or a micro-battery) and programmed with its operating parameters (delay in arming, etc.). These electrical parameters are introduced at a single point 12 of the head element, and then distributed to the various mines by the arms 50 forming cable trays.
  • the ballistic information (firing distance, firing angle, etc.) is recorded in the electronic unit 11 to allow the appropriate sequencing of the different phases between the moment of firing and the dispersion of the ammunition.
  • this first comprises a first propelled phase AB corresponding to the duration of operation of the propellant stage.
  • the projectile then continues on its momentum during a ballistic phase BC, after which a braking phase CD is triggered whose purpose is to reduce the speed of the projectile.
  • the projectile At point D which is the point of dispersion, the projectile has a speed V.
  • the munitions then separated are subjected to their own ballistics and strike the ground in the vicinity of point E corresponding to the targeted target.
  • the sequencing means provided in the projectile make it possible to automatically choose the durations of propelled phase, of ballistic phase, of braking phase so that the projectile has, at the end of braking phase (that is to say at dispersion point D) an altitude h, a distance a with respect to the target, a speed vector module and an orientation of the speed vector which are all as close as possible to standard values independent of the situation of shooting point A: on figure 6 it two other trajectories A 'B' C 'DE and A "B" C "DE have thus been represented, for which the distance firing point-target x varies; however, the sequencing of the different phases is carried out so that the point of dispersion D is practically the same.
  • This characteristic makes it possible in particular to ensure excellent reproducibility of the dispersion from one shot of ammunition to another, and whatever the distance of the shot.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the state of the projectile during the various phases: at the end of the ballistic phase (at point C), the propellant 40 is separated from the basic element 30 by means of the extractor means 33. Simultaneously, the parachute 31 opens (figure 7 left) so as to reduce the speed of the projectile.
  • the arms are unlocked by ejecting the pins located at their head.
  • the warhead 10 is ejected and the arms 50 move apart, thereby releasing the stack of ammunition 21.
  • the arms can be opened naturally, or can be assisted by mechanical spring means, pyrotechnic means, etc.
  • separating means may possibly be provided to cause a relative axial or transverse dispersion (or both) of the ammunition between them after unlocking.
  • These means may for example consist of springs arranged between adjacent mines or a strap passing under the stack and the ends of which are connected to the upper ends of the arms: the spacing (natural or assisted) of the latter will produce a tension of the strap communicating an additional impulse in an axial direction to the ammunition.
  • This mining zone is represented diagrammatically in FIG. 8: thanks to the chosen operating sequence, the depth C can be very reduced, and almost independent of the firing distance x; the width d of the mining zone in a transverse direction is a function of the angle ⁇ of firing of different projectiles of the type considered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
EP84401310A 1983-06-27 1984-06-22 Trägergeschoss für Streumunition Expired EP0130893B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8310574A FR2547910B1 (fr) 1983-06-27 1983-06-27 Projectile pour dispersion de munitions
FR8310574 1983-06-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0130893A1 true EP0130893A1 (de) 1985-01-09
EP0130893B1 EP0130893B1 (de) 1987-04-08

Family

ID=9290200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84401310A Expired EP0130893B1 (de) 1983-06-27 1984-06-22 Trägergeschoss für Streumunition

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4754706A (de)
EP (1) EP0130893B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1270403A (de)
DE (1) DE3463082D1 (de)
EG (1) EG17679A (de)
ES (1) ES8503433A1 (de)
FI (1) FI81446C (de)
FR (1) FR2547910B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294281A1 (de) * 1987-06-02 1988-12-07 Thomson-Brandt Armements System zum Halten von Tochtergeschossen in einem sich um seine Längsachse drehenden Geschoss
EP0355257B1 (de) * 1988-08-23 1993-03-03 Deutsche Aerospace AG Munitionskörperstapel
FR2916837A1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-05 Nexter Munitions Sa Sous-projectile dispersable et empilable

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4041612A1 (de) * 1990-12-22 1992-07-02 Rheinmetall Gmbh Deckelentriegelung fuer eine submunition
FR2683310B1 (fr) * 1991-11-06 1993-12-31 Giat Industries Dispositif d'ejection d'elements de charge utile hors de l'enveloppe d'un obus cargo.
SE518526C2 (sv) * 2000-07-03 2002-10-22 Bofors Weapon Sys Ab För ammunitionsenhet avsedd laddningsenhet
US6966265B2 (en) * 2000-07-03 2005-11-22 Bofors Defence Ab Unit of ammunition with one or more warhead casings
US8047136B2 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-11-01 Rolls-Royce Plc Projectile for simulating multiple ballistic impacts
GB0817855D0 (en) * 2008-10-01 2008-11-05 Rolls Royce Plc Artificial bird projectiles for simulating bird strike events
DE102009013933B3 (de) * 2009-03-25 2019-04-11 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Granate mit einer Mehrzahl von Sprengköpfen und zugehöriges Verfahren
US9587922B2 (en) * 2013-04-12 2017-03-07 Raytheon Company Attack capability enhancing ballistic sabot
SE540780C2 (sv) * 2016-04-06 2018-11-06 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Delningsbar granat med fallskärmsanordning

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2101786A5 (de) * 1970-07-17 1972-03-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag
FR2140693A5 (fr) * 1969-12-30 1973-01-19 Societe D'etudes,De Realisations Et D'applications Techniques Projectile-mere avec charges elementaires a dispositifs aerodynamiques
DE2340653A1 (de) * 1972-08-18 1974-04-04 Fmc Corp Geschosswaffe
DE2607336A1 (de) * 1976-02-23 1982-07-22 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Traegergeschoss fuer ausstossbare koerper

Family Cites Families (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1017928A (en) * 1911-11-18 1912-02-20 Georgi Tocik Projectile for firearms.
US2874639A (en) * 1954-05-21 1959-02-24 Fraser & Johnston Co Aimable bomb cluster assembly and adapter and release mechanism therefor
US3143965A (en) * 1959-11-06 1964-08-11 Pointe Andre E La Chaff dispenser
US3119298A (en) * 1960-08-04 1964-01-28 Hi Shear Corp Explosively separable fastener
US3119302A (en) * 1961-06-05 1964-01-28 Aircraft Armaments Inc Gas sealed explosive propelling arrangement
US3946672A (en) * 1974-08-13 1976-03-30 Thiokol Corporation Rocket propelled projectile
SU516849A1 (ru) * 1974-08-20 1976-06-05 Войсковая Часть 11284 Устройство дл разделени элементов летательного аппарата
DE2756420C2 (de) * 1977-12-17 1985-02-07 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Geschoß mit selbsttätiger Zerlegerwirkung
DE3111907A1 (de) * 1981-03-26 1982-10-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Verfahren zum verteilen von submunition
FR2521716B1 (fr) * 1982-02-17 1987-01-02 Lacroix E Tous Artifices Cartouche lance-leurres electromagnetiques a charges multiples

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2140693A5 (fr) * 1969-12-30 1973-01-19 Societe D'etudes,De Realisations Et D'applications Techniques Projectile-mere avec charges elementaires a dispositifs aerodynamiques
FR2101786A5 (de) * 1970-07-17 1972-03-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag
DE2340653A1 (de) * 1972-08-18 1974-04-04 Fmc Corp Geschosswaffe
DE2607336A1 (de) * 1976-02-23 1982-07-22 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Traegergeschoss fuer ausstossbare koerper

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294281A1 (de) * 1987-06-02 1988-12-07 Thomson-Brandt Armements System zum Halten von Tochtergeschossen in einem sich um seine Längsachse drehenden Geschoss
FR2616217A1 (fr) * 1987-06-02 1988-12-09 Thomson Brandt Armements Systeme de maintien de charges multiples embarquees dans un projectile tournant autour de son axe longitudinal
US4920887A (en) * 1987-06-02 1990-05-01 Thomson-Brandt Armements System for maintaining multiple warheads placed in a missile rotating on its longitudinal axis
EP0355257B1 (de) * 1988-08-23 1993-03-03 Deutsche Aerospace AG Munitionskörperstapel
FR2916837A1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-05 Nexter Munitions Sa Sous-projectile dispersable et empilable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2547910A1 (fr) 1984-12-28
DE3463082D1 (en) 1987-05-14
CA1270403A (en) 1990-06-19
US4754706A (en) 1988-07-05
EG17679A (en) 1991-06-30
EP0130893B1 (de) 1987-04-08
FI842491A (fi) 1984-12-28
FI842491A0 (fi) 1984-06-20
ES533709A0 (es) 1985-03-01
ES8503433A1 (es) 1985-03-01
FI81446C (fi) 1990-10-10
FR2547910B1 (fr) 1987-01-23
FI81446B (fi) 1990-06-29

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