EP0767356B1 - Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss - Google Patents

Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0767356B1
EP0767356B1 EP19960401987 EP96401987A EP0767356B1 EP 0767356 B1 EP0767356 B1 EP 0767356B1 EP 19960401987 EP19960401987 EP 19960401987 EP 96401987 A EP96401987 A EP 96401987A EP 0767356 B1 EP0767356 B1 EP 0767356B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
munition
base
sub
braking system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19960401987
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0767356A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/60—Steering arrangements
    • F42B10/62—Steering by movement of flight surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/54—Spin braking means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a improvement to a braking system aerodynamics of a submunition ejected from a cargo shell by being rotated, the system of braking comprising several articulated airbrakes which are reported around the body of the submunition and intended for deploy after ejecting the submunition.
  • a cargo munition which is fired by the cannon of a field artillery is consisting of a large caliber shell containing a charge useful which is released at a point in the trajectory of the shell.
  • the payload can be an illuminating load or be made up of one or more submunitions.
  • a cargo ammunition of this type is in particular described in document FR-A-2 363 077, this ammunition comprising a shell formed of an envelope closed at its front end with a warhead and at its rear end by a base, this base being connected to the envelope by means a mechanical connection intended to break at the time of shell removal.
  • the cargo shell is usually fired from a barrel with a striped tube to give the shell a movement very fast rotation intended to stabilize it on its path. Under these conditions, at the time of the unloading of the shell, the payload is ejected while also animated by a rapid rotation movement.
  • the submunitions of the new generation take away target detectors and / or navigation systems, the operation of which is based on a low rotational speed of the submunitions after their ejection.
  • a braking system consisting of airbrakes articulated which are reported around the body of the submunition and intended to deploy after the ejection of the submunition to slow down its rotational movement.
  • these submunitions are increasingly more cumbersome due to the large number of components that they contain, which requires a reduction of the thickness of the shell of the shell thus causing a decrease in its resistance.
  • the stripping used is necessarily at low pressure for do not damage the shell and the systems embedded in submunitions.
  • the submunition (s) which are placed inside the shell are especially subjected to centrifugal forces which tend to spread the airbrakes by pressing them against the wall of envelope or pellet.
  • the result is a force adhesion or friction which will then oppose the ejection force produced by the stripping system for eject the pellet and the submunitions. It may result malfunctions, especially when the unloading is at low pressure.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages in improving a system aerodynamic braking systems of the aforementioned type, improvement which is characterized in that the braking system also includes a device for holding the airbrakes in their folded position inside the shell, a holding device which is released following ejecting the submunition to allow opening air brakes outside the shell of the shell, the holding device consisting of bars or legs interposed between the airbrakes and the envelope or the shell base, these legs being integral with a support attached against an end face of the submunition.
  • the support of the support is constituted by a cup, and the legs are connected at one end to the periphery of the cup extending on the same side thereof following a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the cup.
  • the legs are for example angularly regularly spaced around the cup, and their number is such that at least one leg is associated with a airbrake.
  • the legs came in the same piece as the cup or are attached to it by a welding or gluing operation.
  • the legs can advantageously be cylindrical pins.
  • the effects of the centrifugal force are significantly reduced as a result of significant reduction in the contact surface between the braking system and shell of this shell, this surface of contact being limited to the legs of the device hold, and once the submunition is ejected out of the shell of the shell, the centrifugal force can then exercise on the legs of the holding device for move away from the submunition and allow the opening of airbrakes.
  • the base and submunition assembly is ejected from shell of the shell as a result of actuation of the stripping system, known per se.
  • a connecting element is fixed to the device for maintaining the airbrakes of the submunition on the one hand and on the shell of the shell on the other hand, this device of connection being constituted by a drop-down means, such as a cable or chain for example, to release the legs notches or holes in the submunition, once the pellet itself cleared from the submunition, and allow the opening of the airbrakes by force centrifugal.
  • a drop-down means such as a cable or chain for example
  • the holding device holds the airbrakes a submunition in their folded position during interior and exterior ballistics phases of the shell and this, as long as the submunition is not ejected out of the shell of the shell.
  • the friction forces between the braking system and the shell or the shell of the shell, which result from the centrifugal force, are considerably reduced as a result a significant reduction in contact surfaces.
  • a device for holding the airbrakes of a submunition can be considered regardless of the number of submunitions boarded the cargo shell.
  • the holding device is simple and easy in structure to be implemented for a reduced manufacturing cost.
  • Cargo shell 1 illustrated in Figure 1 includes an envelope 2, the front part of which is closed by a warhead 4 and the rear part of which is closed by a base 5.
  • Base 5 is connected to the casing 2 by means a mechanical connection (not shown) intended to be break when the shell 1 is unloaded.
  • connection is for example obtained in freely engaging the base 5 in the casing 2 and by axially retaining by fixing means having a fracture leader such as screws or pins.
  • Shell 2 of shell 1 contains one or more several submunitions 7 which are ejected at the time of shell 1 unloading, i.e. after separation between the casing 2 and the base 5 which is caused by a stripping system known per se.
  • a belt 9 fixed around the envelope 2 is intended to take the scratches from the launch tube of the cannon firing shell 1 to print the latter a rapid rotation movement intended to stabilize it on its path.
  • Submunitions 7 which are also rotated by the casing or the base of the shell thanks for example to keys, are by consequently ejected by being animated by a movement of rapid rotation and, for the reasons explained in preamble, this rotation speed is reduced by means a braking system consisting of airbrakes 10 which deploy automatically after the ejection of the submunitions.
  • an air brake 10 is for example constituted by a blade 12 articulated climb on the body of the submunition 7.
  • the blade 12 is shaped with a radius of curvature such that can come and fit the body shape of the submunition 7.
  • Several airbrakes 10, four in number per example, are thus distributed around the body of the submunition 7.
  • the blades 12 conform to the shape of the body of the submunition 7 and the airbrakes 10 are found in a folded position between the body of the submunition 7 and either the inner wall of the envelope 2, or the wall internal of the base 5, as will be explained below.
  • a holding device 15 is used to retain the airbrakes 10 in their folded position at inside shell 1 to avoid the effects of force centrifugal resulting from the rotational movement printed at shell 1 from the cannon shot. Indeed, the force centrifugal tends to spread the airbrakes 10 to come press against the casing 2 or the base 5 until shell removal 1.
  • the support system 15 is constituted by a set of lugs or bars 20 which are interposed between the airbrakes 10 and the wall internal of the casing 2 or of the base 5.
  • the tabs 20 are integral with a support 22 which is simply attached against an end face or rear end face of submunition 7.
  • the support 22 consists of a cup 23.
  • the legs 20 are connected at one end to the periphery of the cup 23, so as to extend substantially perpendicularly to the cup 23 and on the same side thereof. Other said, the legs 20 delimit between them a cylinder and extend along the generatrices of this cylinder.
  • the legs 20 may have come from the same part with the cup 23 or be fixed to it by a bonding or welding operation.
  • a cargo shell with a payload consisting of a single submunition 7, of which the airbrakes 10 are located which is often the case, towards a rear end or rear end of the submunition submunition considering the direction of introduction of the in shell 1.
  • shell 5 of shell 1 can be arranged, in particular with regard to the length axial of its cylindrical side wall 5a, to receive the rear part of the submunition. In these conditions, once the submunition is placed in shell 1 the airbrakes 10 will be located opposite the side wall 5a from pellet 5.
  • a connecting means 25 is provided between the holding device 15 and the base 5.
  • this means is unrollable and consists of a cable or a chain 27, the two free ends of which are respectively connected to the cup 23 and to the bottom of the base 5.
  • the cup 23 advantageously has a convex shape to delimit a space intended to receive the cable 27.
  • an elastic element such as a Belleville washer 29, is interposed between the bottom of the base 5 and the cup 23 of the holding device 15, this washer 29 being compressed once the base 5 fixed to the casing 2.
  • Shell 1 is fired while being rotated at high speed.
  • the submunition 7 which is rotated by the shell 1 is therefore subjected to the action of centrifugal force which should have the effect of pressing the legs 20 against the side wall 5a of the base 5 while eliminating the initial play e .
  • the centrifugal force can at most only cause bending of the legs 20, so that only the central part of the lugs 20 is capable of coming into contact with the side wall 5a of the base 5.
  • This contact surface can moreover be limited to the minimum with cylindrical lugs 20. The frictional forces which result from this contact are therefore considerably reduced because, without the presence of these lugs 20, the blades 12 of the airbrakes 10 would come directly into contact with the side wall 5a of the base 5 on a significantly larger surface.
  • the shelling of shell 1 will then take place at a point in its trajectory following the actuation of a stripping system known per se.
  • This system is by example consisting of a pyrotechnic composition gas generator which is mounted in the warhead 4 and by a initiation chronometric rocket. After initiation of the pyrotechnic composition, the gas pressure resulting from combustion is applied to the front end face of submunition 7 via a piston until breaking the mechanical link between the casing 2 and the base 5.
  • the assembly consisting of the base 5 and the submunition 7 ejects out of envelope 2 while also being animated of a rapid rotational movement.
  • Forces aerodynamics which are then applied to the base 5, in particular on the free end face of its wall lateral 5a which is no longer in abutment against a shoulder associated with submunition 7, and the trigger on the washer Belleville 29 lead to the separation of base 5 from submunition 7. This separation takes place all the more easily as the frictional forces of the legs 20 on the side wall 5a of the base 5 are reduced.
  • the airbrakes although released from envelope 2 are still retained in their folded position by the maintenance 15.
  • the cable 27 is stretched and therefore pulls on the holding device 15, which has the effect of releasing the tabs 20 outside the notches 24 of the submunition 7.
  • the holding device 15 thus frees itself from the submunition 7 with the legs 20 which, under the action of the centrifugal force, move apart to allow opening or the deployment of airbrakes 10 in order to slow down the rotational movement of the submunition.
  • the airbrakes 10 of a submunition 7 may also be retained in their folded position until the ejection of the submunition 7 by means of a holding device 15 similar to that previously described.
  • the free ends lugs 20 do not come to be housed in notches of submunition 7. Indeed, such a provision does not is no longer necessary as the ejection of the submunition 7 does not interfere with the separation of base 5 from the shell 1.
  • the cable 27 which previously connected the holding device 15 and the base 5 can be omitted.
  • the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the shell and submunitions from the cannon will also have for effect of pressing the legs 20 against the envelope 2 but on a limited contact surface, which reduces all the more the friction forces which will then oppose the action of the stripping system.
  • the increase in pressure of the gases generated by combustion of the pyrotechnic composition causes the rupture of the mechanical connection between the casing 2 and the base 5.
  • the pellet 5 emerges from the envelope 2 then is ejected, and the submunition 7 in turn comes out of envelope 2 under the thrust of gas.
  • the centrifugal force acts first on the legs 20 by moving them away from the body of submunition 7 to release them from the airbrakes 10, and then on the airbrakes 10 themselves which go then open or deploy to slow the movement of submunition rotation 7.
  • the cup 23 of the holding device 15 is pierced with a central opening 30.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a device holding according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the legs of holding 20 are constituted by pins cylindrical, regularly distributed angularly and fixed by welding to the cup 23.
  • Each pin enters a hole 24 arranged on the body of the submunition 7.
  • This embodiment has the advantage to be simple to manufacture.
  • assured maintenance by pins is more rigid than that allowed by thin legs and it also further reduces friction.
  • the contact between the pins and, on the one hand the airbrakes 10, and on the other hand the wall internal of the envelope or the base is carried out according to a reduced surface which is that of the generators of pins.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Aerodynamisches Bremssystem einer Submunition (7), die aus einem Trägergeschoß (1) ausgeworfen wird, mit einem Mantel (2), verschlossen von einem Verschluß (5), mit einer Drehbewegung, wobei das System mehrere Bremsklappen (10) besitzt, die gelenkig angebracht, um den Körper der Submunition (7) gefaltet sind und sich nach dem Auswerfen der Submunition (7) auffalten oder öffnen sollen, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß es ebenfalls eine Haltevorrichtung (15) der Bremsklappen (7) in ihrer gefalteten Position im Inneren des Geschosses (1) umfaßt, welche Haltevorrichtung (15) infolge des Auswurfs der Submunition (7) freigegeben wird, um das Öffnen der Bremsklappen (10) außerhalb des Mantels (2) des Geschosses (1) zu erlauben, wobei die Haltevorrichtung (15) aus Stegen oder Pratzen (20) besteht, die zwischen den Bremsklappen (10) und dem Mantel (2) oder dem Verschluß (5) des Geschosses angeordnet sind und fest mit einem Träger (22) verbunden sind, der an einer Endfläche der Submunition (7) angefügt ist.
  2. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Träger (22) aus einer Schale (23) besteht, wobei die Pratzen (20) an einem Ende an der Peripherie der Schale (23) angeschlossen sind und sich an der gleichen Seite dieser Schale entlang einer etwa im rechten Winkel zur Ebene der Schale (23) stehenden Richtung erstrecken.
  3. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Pratzen (20) regelmäßig winkelig um die Schale (23) angeordnet sind.
  4. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Pratzen (20) an der Schale (23) durch Schweißen oder Kleben befestigt werden.
  5. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Pratzen (20) und die Schale (23) aus einem Teil bestehen.
  6. Bremssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Pratzen (20) zylindrische Stifte sind.
  7. Bremssystem gemäß einem beliebigen der oben stehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Bremsklappen (10) gegenüber der Seitenwand (5a) des Verschlusses (5) des Geschosses (1) bei einer Submunition (7) angeordnet sind, die sich teilweise im Verschluß (5) befindet, wobei sich die freien Enden dieser Pratzen (20) in Bohrungen oder Kerben (24) fügen, die im Körper der Submunition (7) angeordnet sind.
  8. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß es ein elastisches Mittel (29) gibt, das zwischen dem Verschluß (5) und der Submunition (7) montiert ist, um den Verschluß (5) von der Submunition (7) zu trennen, während die Einheit Verschluß-Submunition aus dem Mantel (2) ausgeworfen wird.
  9. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das elastische Mittel (29) aus einem Belleville-Dichtungsring besteht, der zusammengedrückt wird, sobald der Verschluß (5) am Mantel (2) des Geschosses (1) befestigt wird.
  10. Bremssystem gemäß einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß es außerdem ein Verbindungselement (25) besitzt, das an der Haltevorrichtung (15) einerseits und am Verschluß (5) andererseits befestigt ist, um die Pratzen (20) aus den Bohrungen oder Kerben (24) des Submunition (7) freizusetzen und die Haltevorrichtung (15) zu befreien, wenn der Verschluß (5) von der Submunition (7) getrennt wird.
  11. Bremssystem gemäß dem Anspruch 10, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Verbindungsmittel (25) abrollbar ist und aus einem Kabel oder Kettchen (27) besteht.
  12. Bremssystem gemäß einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Haltevorrichtung (15) der Bremsklappen (10) aus der Submunition (7) durch die Einwirkung der Zentrifugalkraft freigesetzt wird, die auf die Pratzen (20) einwirkt, wenn die Bremsklappen (10) gegenüber dem Mantel (2) des Geschosses (1) angeordnet sind.
EP19960401987 1995-10-06 1996-09-19 Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss Expired - Lifetime EP0767356B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9511773A FR2739682B1 (fr) 1995-10-06 1995-10-06 Perfectionnement apporte a un systeme de freinage aerodynamique d'une sous-munition ejectee d'un obus cargo en etant animee d'un mouvement de rotation
FR9511773 1995-10-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0767356A1 EP0767356A1 (de) 1997-04-09
EP0767356B1 true EP0767356B1 (de) 2000-01-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960401987 Expired - Lifetime EP0767356B1 (de) 1995-10-06 1996-09-19 Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss

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EP (1) EP0767356B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69606254T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2739682B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3643294A1 (de) * 1986-12-18 1988-06-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Geschoss
US5060574A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-10-29 Honeywell Inc. Projectile base plug with enhanced drag-producing separation capability
GB2248804A (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-04-22 Marconi Gec Ltd Air-launched buoys
DE4124658C2 (de) * 1991-07-25 1996-08-14 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Einrichtung zum Abbau der Drehzahl von Submunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2739682A1 (fr) 1997-04-11
EP0767356A1 (de) 1997-04-09
DE69606254D1 (de) 2000-02-24
FR2739682B1 (fr) 1997-12-05
DE69606254T2 (de) 2000-05-18

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